CN107686617B - 一种双层抗氧化pvc电缆 - Google Patents

一种双层抗氧化pvc电缆 Download PDF

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CN107686617B
CN107686617B CN201710883764.3A CN201710883764A CN107686617B CN 107686617 B CN107686617 B CN 107686617B CN 201710883764 A CN201710883764 A CN 201710883764A CN 107686617 B CN107686617 B CN 107686617B
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徐雄
陈双全
龙云
张小龙
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Guang'an Jinyouda Electrical Technology Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种双层抗氧化PVC电缆,包括内层的绝缘层和外层的抗氧化层,所述的绝缘层由以下原料制得,按重量份数计为:PVC树脂粉40‑60份,轻钙15‑25份,重钙10‑20份,DOP油15‑25份,氯化石蜡油5‑10份,环氧大豆油1‑3份,安定剂2‑3份,硬脂酸0.5‑1份,聚乙烯蜡0.3‑1份,颜料0.2‑0.5份;所述的抗氧化层由以下原料制得,按重量份数计为:PVC树脂粉40‑60份,DOP油20‑30份,环氧大豆油1‑3份,安定剂1‑2份,抗氧化剂0.05‑0.2份,在制备本发明的电缆时采用一台挤出机,同时在导电芯上挤出两层绝缘层,绝缘层和抗氧化层的熔融料提前在机头内混合,在高温和压力的作用下,绝缘层和抗氧化层紧密融合,有现有技术中的采用两台挤出机相比,降低了生产成本。

Description

一种双层抗氧化PVC电缆
技术领域
本发明属于电缆制造技术领域,具体涉及一种双层抗氧化PVC电缆。
背景技术
电缆的使用广泛,电缆在生产过程中,通常会在导电芯的外层包覆一层绝缘层,该绝缘层起到保护内部导电芯和绝缘的作用。但由于电缆在使用过程中,绝缘层会长期暴露在空气中以及其他的氧化环境中,绝缘层易老化,降低了电缆的使用寿命。在现有技术中,通常是在绝缘层中加入某些抗氧化剂,以延缓老化,但仅在绝缘层中添加抗氧化剂,电缆的抗氧化性扔较差,不能很好的满足使用要求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于:解决上述现有技术中的不足,提供一种双层抗氧化电缆。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用的技术方案为:一种双层抗氧化PVC电缆,包括内层的绝缘层和外层的抗氧化层,所述的绝缘层由以下原料制得,按重量份数计为:PVC树脂粉40-60份,轻钙15-25份,重钙10-20份,DOP油15-25份,氯化石蜡油5-10份,环氧大豆油1-3份,安定剂2-3份,硬脂酸0.5-1份,聚乙烯蜡0.3-1份,颜料0.2-0.5份;所述的抗氧化层由以下原料制得,按重量份数计为:PVC树脂粉40-60份,DOP油20-30份,环氧大豆油1-3份,安定剂1-2份,抗氧化剂0.05-0.2份。
进一步的,所述的绝缘层的原料还包括阻燃剂,所述阻燃剂按重量分数计为0.5-1.5份,该阻燃剂为三氧化二锑。
制备该双层抗氧化PVC电缆的方法,包括以下步骤,将绝缘层的原料加入PVC造粒机中,搅拌,挤出,冷却,切粒,得到绝缘层胶粒;将抗氧化层的原料加入PVC造粒机中,搅拌,挤出,冷却,切粒,得到抗氧化层胶粒;将上述制得的绝缘层胶粒投入到挤出机的主料斗中,绝缘层胶粒从主料斗进入到料筒中,在主料筒中依次经过加料段、熔融段、均匀化段和输送段,熔融后流向机头第一流道,将上述制得的抗氧化胶粒投入到挤出机的辅料斗中,抗氧化层胶粒在辅料筒中熔融后,流向机头的第二流道,在机头处挤出双层PVC电缆,第一流道的熔融物挤出后为内层,第二流道的熔融物挤出后为外层。
进一步的,所述的加料段的温度为121-148℃,所述的熔融段的温度为143-153℃,所述的均匀化段的温度为165-170℃,所述的输送段的温度为160-200℃,所述的挤出机的主料斗和副料斗的温度为70℃。
进一步的,所述的挤出机包括挤出机头、第一流道、第二流道、主料筒、主料斗、辅料筒和辅料斗,所述的主料斗连接在所述的主料筒一端,所述的挤出机头连接在所述的主料筒的另一端,所述的第一流道设置在所述的挤出机头内,所述的辅料斗与所述的辅料筒的连接,所述第二流道设置在所述的辅料筒的另一端,该第二流道设置在所述的挤出机头外壁。
由于采用了上述技术方案,本发明的有益效果是:本发明采用双层PVC,在绝缘层外包覆一层抗氧化的PVC层,使抗氧化的PVC单独作为一层,提高了电缆的抗氧化性;在制备本发明的电缆时采用一台挤出机,绝缘层和抗氧化层的熔融料提前在机头内混合,在高温和压力的作用下,绝缘层和抗氧化层紧密融合,同时在导电芯上挤出两层紧密结合的PVC层,与现有技术中的采用两台挤出机相比,节约了生产成本和运营成本。
附图说明
图1为本发明的挤出机的局部剖面示意图
附图标记:1-挤出机头,2-第一流道,3-第二流道,4-主料筒,5-辅料筒,6-辅料斗。
具体实施方式
参照图1,对本发明的实施方式做具体的说明。
实施例1:一种双层抗氧化PVC电缆,包括内层的绝缘层和外层的抗氧化层,所述的绝缘层由以下原料制得,按重量份数计为:PVC树脂粉50份,轻钙22.5份,重钙17.5份,DOP油18份,氯化石蜡油6份,环氧大豆油1.5份,安定剂2.5份,硬脂酸0.6份,聚乙烯蜡0.5份,颜料0.3份;所述的抗氧化层由以下原料制得,按重量份数计为:PVC树脂粉50份,DOP油25份,环氧大豆油2份,安定剂1.5份,抗氧化剂0.1份。
将绝缘层的原料加入到造粒机中,在造粒机中搅拌,挤出,冷却,切粒,得到绝缘层胶粒;将抗氧化层的原料加入到造粒机中,在造粒机中搅拌,挤出,冷却,切粒,得到抗氧化层胶粒。将绝缘层胶粒加入到挤出机的主料斗中,绝缘层胶粒经主料斗进入到主料筒中,主料筒的温度为70℃,绝缘胶粒在主料筒中经过加料段、熔融段、均匀化段和输送段,在流向机头,该加料段的温度为130℃,熔融段的温度为145℃,均匀化段的温度为164℃,输送段的温度为172℃;该挤出机包括挤出机头1、第一流道2、第二流道3、主料筒4、主料斗、辅料筒5和辅料斗6,所述的主料斗连接在所述的主料筒4一端,所述的挤出机头1连接在所述的主料筒4的另一端,所述的第一流道2设置在所述的挤出机头1内,所述的辅料斗6与所述的辅料筒5的一端连接,所述第二流道3设置在所述的辅料筒5的另一端,该第二流道3设置在所述的挤出机头1外壁。
实施例2:一种双层抗氧化PVC电缆,包括内层的绝缘层和外层的抗氧化层,所述的绝缘层由以下原料制得,按重量份数计为:PVC树脂粉50份,轻钙20份,重钙15份,DOP油21份,氯化石蜡油7份,环氧大豆油2份,安定剂2.5份,硬脂酸0.6份,聚乙烯蜡0.5份,颜料0.3份;所述的抗氧化层由以下原料制得,按重量份数计为:PVC树脂粉50份,DOP油25份,环氧大豆油2份,安定剂1.5份,抗氧化剂0.1份。
将绝缘层的原料加入到造粒机中,在造粒机中搅拌,挤出,冷却,切粒,得到绝缘层胶粒;将抗氧化层的原料加入到造粒机中,在造粒机中搅拌,挤出,冷却,切粒,得到抗氧化层胶粒。将绝缘层胶粒加入到挤出机的主料斗中,绝缘层胶粒经主料斗进入到主料筒中,主料筒的温度为70℃,绝缘胶粒在主料筒中经过加料段、熔融段、均匀化段和输送段,在流向机头,在挤出本发明的双层抗氧化电缆时,挤出机中加料段的温度为136℃,熔融段的温度为146℃,均匀化段的温度为154℃,输送段的温度为160℃。
实施例3:一种双层抗氧化PVC电缆,包括内层的绝缘层和外层的抗氧化层,所述的绝缘层由以下原料制得,按重量份数计为:PVC树脂粉50份,轻钙20份,重钙15份,DOP油21份,氯化石蜡油7份,环氧大豆油2份,安定剂2.5份,硬脂酸0.6份,聚乙烯蜡0.5份,颜料0.3份,阻燃剂1份,所述的抗氧化层由以下原料制得,按重量份数计为:PVC树脂粉50份,DOP油25份,环氧大豆油2份,安定剂1.5份,抗氧化剂0.1份。
将绝缘层的原料加入到造粒机中,在造粒机中搅拌,挤出,冷却,切粒,得到绝缘层胶粒;将抗氧化层的原料加入到造粒机中,在造粒机中搅拌,挤出,冷却,切粒,得到抗氧化层胶粒。将绝缘层胶粒加入到挤出机的主料斗中,绝缘层胶粒经主料斗进入到主料筒中,主料筒的温度为70℃,绝缘胶粒在主料筒中经过加料段、熔融段、均匀化段和输送段,在流向机头,该加料段的温度为130℃,熔融段的温度为145℃,均匀化段的温度为164℃,输送段的温度为172℃;该挤出机包括挤出机头1、第一流道2、第二流道3、主料筒4、主料斗、辅料筒5和辅料斗6,所述的主料斗连接在所述的主料筒4一端,所述的挤出机头1连接在所述的主料筒4的另一端,所述的第一流道2设置在所述的挤出机头1内,所述的辅料斗6与所述的辅料筒5的一端连接,所述第二流道3设置在所述的辅料筒5的另一端,该第二流道3设置在所述的挤出机头1外壁。
优选地,所述的阻燃剂为三氧化二锑。
实验例1:双层抗氧化电缆与单层电缆(仅有绝缘层)老化前的性能比较。
表1为双层抗氧化电缆老化前的性能
Figure BDA0001419720610000041
Figure BDA0001419720610000051
表2为单层电缆(仅有绝缘层)老化前的性能
Figure BDA0001419720610000052
从表1和表2中可以看出,双层电缆在老化前的机械性能优于单层电缆。
在制备本发明的电缆时采用一台挤出机,同时在导电芯上挤出两层绝缘层,绝缘层和抗氧化层的熔融料提前在机头内混合,在高温和压力的作用下,绝缘层和抗氧化层紧密融合,有现有技术中的采用两台挤出机相比,降低力生产成本。

Claims (6)

1.一种双层抗氧化PVC电缆,其特征在于:包括内层的绝缘层和外层的抗氧化层,所述的绝缘层由以下原料制得,按重量份数计为:PVC树脂粉40-60份,轻钙15-25份,重钙10-20份,DOP油15-25份,氯化石蜡油5-10份,环氧大豆油1-3份,安定剂2-3份,硬脂酸0.5-1份,聚乙烯蜡0.3-1份,颜料0.2-0.5份;所述的抗氧化层由以下原料制得,按重量份数计为:PVC树脂粉40-60份,DOP油20-30份,环氧大豆油1-3份,安定剂1-2份,抗氧化剂0.05-0.2份;
制备所述双层抗氧化PVC电缆的方法包括以下步骤,将绝缘层的原料加入PVC造粒机中,搅拌,挤出,冷却,切粒,得到绝缘层胶粒;将抗氧化层的原料加入PVC造粒机中,搅拌,挤出,冷却,切粒,得到抗氧化层胶粒;将上述制得的绝缘层胶粒投入到挤出机的主料斗中,绝缘层胶粒从主料斗进入到主料筒中,在主料筒中依次经过加料段、熔融段、均匀化段和输送段,熔融后流入机头的第一流道,将上述制得的抗氧化胶粒投入到挤出机的辅料斗中,抗氧化层胶粒在辅料筒中熔融后,流向机头的第二流道,在机头处挤出双层PVC电缆。
2.根据权利要求1所述的双层抗氧化PVC电缆,其特征在于:所述的绝缘层的原料还包括阻燃剂,所述的阻燃剂按重量份数计为0.5-1.5份。
3.根据权利要求2所述的双层抗氧化PVC电缆,其特征在于:所述的阻燃剂为三氧化二锑。
4.一种如权利要求1所述的双层抗氧化PVC电缆的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的挤出机包括挤出机头(1)、第一流道(2)、第二流道(3)、主料筒(4)、主料斗、辅料筒(5)和辅料斗(6),所述的主料斗连接在所述的主料筒(4)一端,所述的挤出机头(1)连接在所述的主料筒(4)的另一端,所述的第一流道(2)设置在所述的挤出机头(1)内,所述的辅料斗(6)与所述的辅料筒(5)一端的连接,所述第二流道(3)设置在所述的辅料筒(5)的另一端,该第二流道(3)设置在所述的挤出机头的外壁。
5.一种如权利要求1所述的双层抗氧化PVC电缆的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的加料段的温度为121-148℃,所述的熔融段的温度为143-153℃,所述的均匀化段的温度为165-170℃,所述的输送段的温度为160-200℃。
6.一种如权利要求1所述的双层抗氧化PVC电缆的制备方法,其特征在于:所述的挤出机的主料斗和副料斗的温度均为70℃。
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