CN107684613A - 用于皮癣的牛用中药制剂 - Google Patents
用于皮癣的牛用中药制剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107684613A CN107684613A CN201710989470.9A CN201710989470A CN107684613A CN 107684613 A CN107684613 A CN 107684613A CN 201710989470 A CN201710989470 A CN 201710989470A CN 107684613 A CN107684613 A CN 107684613A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于皮癣的牛用中药制剂,是由以下质量份数的原料组成:百部3‑10份、黄柏1‑10份、山银花1‑10份、白鲜皮1‑10份、白芷1‑10份、土银花叶1‑10份、薄荷10‑20份、海桐皮10‑20份、穿心莲10‑20份、苦参10‑20份、雷公根10‑20份、萹蓄10‑20份、土豆粉30‑40份、桑椹20‑30份、何首乌20‑30份、蜂花粉20‑30份、轻粉30‑40份、密陀僧30‑40份、小鱼仙草30‑40份;制备方法:按配方比例将以上成分按常规提取、分离、干燥、粉碎,按比例复配,混合均匀、膨化干燥后可得制剂。本发明意在提供一种治疗效果显著的用于皮癣的牛用中药制剂。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于皮癣的牛用中药制剂。
背景技术
牛得了皮癣,会出现精神沉郁,食欲不振,瘙痒,脱毛、在眼睛周围、耳、腹部先出现潮红后生出2~3毫米大小微黄水泡,几天后转变为全身皮肤红肿,且有很强的热感,体温升高到40℃~41℃,这是由金黄色葡萄球菌感染所致的一种传染性疾病,主要因低温、阴雨潮湿,加上产房消毒不彻底,平时环境卫生差,饲养管理操作不当,感染疥螨、使仔牛皮肤受到损伤,个别牛抗病力较弱,皮肤屏障机能容易受到破坏,导致葡萄球菌侵入机体感染。需注意的是,本病治疗时存在各种误区,易延误治疗时间而导致牛脱水死亡。
然而多年来在我国广泛应用氨苄西林钠、两性霉素-B等多烯类抗真菌药物治疗牛的皮癣症,而皮肤和毛发癣菌则大多会产生耐药性;
其次,其制剂主要是针剂、片剂、混悬剂、散剂,但这些制剂在牛的皮癣病症过程中,还存在着药物浪费大,药物价格较高,给药困难、劳动强度高等实际问题。在国外,皮癣药物和我国基本相同。
至此,提供一种治疗效果显著、无毒副作用,无耐药性、经济有效方便的一种用于牛皮癣的中药制剂,迫在眉急。
发明内容
本发明意在提供一种治疗效果显著的用于皮癣的牛用中药制剂。
专利方案:本方案中的用于皮癣的牛用中药制剂,是由以下质量份数的原料组成:百部3-10份、黄柏1-10份、山银花1-10份、白鲜皮1-10份、白芷1-10份、土银花叶1-10份、薄荷10-20份、海桐皮10-20份、穿心莲10-20份、苦参10-20份、雷公根10-20份、萹蓄10-20份、土豆粉30-40份、桑椹20-30份、何首乌20-30份、蜂花粉20-30份、轻粉30-40份、密陀僧30-40份、小鱼仙草30-40份;制备方法:按配方比例将以上成分按常规提取、分离、干燥、粉碎,按比例复配,混合均匀、膨化干燥后可得制剂。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点是:
1、采用多种天然原料制成,各原料的功效相互影响,相互协同,有效预防了牛身上皮癣的出现,同时具备用以实现治疗疾病的作用。
2、土豆粉等含有的淀粉能够在膨化工艺时膨胀从而使得整个中药制剂体积增大,密度减小至小于水,同时制剂整体性更好更易被吞服,待牛服用时,只需要在饲料槽中倒入水,将该制剂撒入水中,制剂即会漂浮水上,避免了制剂落在饲料槽的角落而无法被牛完全服用,同时有效成分不易被胃酸侵蚀破坏,直接到达肠道缓慢释放并被吸收而作用于病原体。
3.纯中药制剂,具有抗多种致病性真菌,无耐药性产生,是一种新型的、有效的解决畜禽真菌性皮肤病用药;
4.具有多靶点、多效性的特点,能有效解决了困扰西药治疗真菌感染时的耐药性及毒副作用问题,是畜禽真菌性皮肤病药物上的创新;
5.将药物制备成颗粒后,使用方便,疗效快,药效明显,且该药物对粘膜的刺激性温和,无不良反应;
6.预防和治愈率高,临床试验有效率,效果优于抗生素;
7.制备工艺简单,质量标准可控,适合规模化生产需要,经济和社会效益巨大。
8、以下是本发明中各组分的药理效果:
百部:功能主治:散热解表,润而不燥,能开泄降气,清肺热而解表,用于皮肤疥癣、湿疹、牛皮癣、遍身黄肿、皮炎、湿疹等症。
山银花:清热解毒,疏散风热。
薄荷:治疗风热感冒、头痛、咽喉痛、口舌生疮、风疹、麻疹、消炎止痛。
苦参:凉血、解热毒、疥癞、脓窠疮毒、皮肤瘙痒、血风癣疮、消肿毒、痰毒、皮肤瘙痒、湿毒疮疡。
黄柏:清热、燥湿、泻火,解毒、痔疮,目赤肿痛,口舌生疮,疮疡肿毒。
白鲜皮:
【性味归经】苦寒,入脾,胃经。
【功用】清热解毒、祛风除湿。用于湿热疮毒、风疹、疥癣、皮肤抓痒、湿痹、黄疸等症。
白芷:
【性味】辛,温入肺、脾、胃经;
【功效】治头痛,眉棱骨痛,齿痛,寒湿腹痛,皮肤瘙痒,疥癣。
土银花叶:
【性味归经】甘、寒,入肺、脾二经;
【主治】清热解毒;治痈疮、疔毒、麻痘疹毒、疳疮、痢疾、皮肤病、血热。
雷公根:
【性味】苦、辛,凉;有大毒。
【功能主治】祛风,解毒,杀虫。外用治风湿性关节炎,皮肤发痒,杀蛆虫、孑孓,灭钉螺,毒鼠。
土豆粉:
【性味】味甘、性平。
【功能主治】主治肺热咳嗽、烦躁口渴、脾虚泄泻、食欲不振及各种血证。生熟均可食用,主治热渴,散淤血,生肌。
海桐皮:祛风湿,通经络,杀虫。主治:治风湿痹痛,痢疾,牙痛,疥癣。
穿心莲:
【性味归经】苦,寒,归心、肺、大肠、膀胱经。
【功能主治】清热解毒,凉血,消肿。用于感冒发热,咽喉肿痛,口舌生疮,顿咳劳嗽,泄泻痢疾,热淋涩痛,痈肿疮疡,毒蛇咬伤,治疗神经性皮炎、湿疹。
萹蓄:
苦,微寒。归膀胱经。该品苦降下行,通利膀胱,苦燥又能杀虫除湿止痒,主要用于淋痛及湿疹。
1.利水通淋用于湿热淋证,可治疗泌尿系感染、结石、血尿等。
2.杀虫止痒可治疗蛲虫等寄生虫病。亦可煎汤外洗治疗皮肤疮疹、瘙痒。
3.治赤白痢,黄疸。
桑椹:
【性味】甘,微寒;归心、肝、肾经。
【功能主治】治肝肾阴亏,捎揭,便秘,目暗,耳鸣,原疡,关节不利。它有改善皮肤(包括头皮)血液供应,营养肌肤、使皮肤白嫩及乌发等作用,并能延缓衰老。桑椹是中老年人健体美颜、抗衰老的佳果与良药。常食桑椹可以明目,缓解眼睛疲劳干涩的症状。桑椹具有免疫促进作用。桑椹对脾脏有增重作用,对溶血性反应有增强作用,可防止人体动脉硬化、骨骼关节硬化,促进新陈代谢;桑椹可以促进血红细胞的生长,防止白细胞减少,并对治疗糖尿病、贫血、高血压、高血脂、冠心病、神经衰弱等病症具有辅助疗效。桑椹具有生津止渴、促进消化、帮助排便等作用,适量食用能促进胃液分泌,刺激肠蠕动及解除燥热。中医认为,桑椹性味甘寒,具有补肝益肾、生津润肠、乌发明目等功效。
何首乌:
【性味归经】苦、甘、涩,温,归肝、心、肾经。
【功能主治】解毒,消痈,润肠通便。用于瘰疠疮痈,风疹瘙痒,肠燥便秘;高血脂,对神经衰弱、白发、脱发、贫血等病症有治疗作用,因此,可延缓衰老、强身健体、保健心脏。
蜂花粉:抗前列腺增生、抗炎抗缺氧、增强免疫调节、抗衰老、降血脂及美容养颜等。①增强人体综合免疫功能:蜂花粉多糖能激活巨噬细胞的吞噬活动,提高人体抗病能力。②防衰老、美容作用:蜂花粉属营养性的美容化妆品,花粉中的VE、超氧化歧化酶(SOD)、硒等成分能滋润营养肌肤,恢复皮肤的弹性和光洁。花粉中的肌醇可使白发变黑,脱发渐生,保持头发乌黑亮丽。③防治脑心血管疾病:花粉中的黄酮类化合物能有效清除血管壁上脂肪的沉积,从而起软化血管和降血脂的作用。④防治前列腺疾病:花粉是前列腺炎的克星,以油菜花粉、荞麦花粉效果最佳。我国治前列腺疾病的有效药物-前列康就是以花粉为原料的。⑤减肥:服用蜂花粉可以吸收足够的营养,造成饱食感。同时,花粉中的卵磷脂可燃烧过剩的脂肪,达到减肥的目的。⑥调节肠胃功能:花粉有许多杀菌成分,能杀灭大肠杆菌等,并能防治便秘。⑦保肝护肝:花粉中的黄酮类化合物同样可防止脂肪在肝上的沉积。⑧调节神经系统,促进睡眠。⑨辅助治疗其他疾病:花粉对贫血、糖尿病、改善记忆力、更年期障碍等有较好效果。⑩辅助治疗前列腺疾病:可调节男性内分泌,恢复膀胱尿道平滑肌功能。
轻粉:
【性味】辛,寒,有毒。①《嘉佑本草》:"辛,冷,无毒。"②《医学入门》:"有毒。"③《本草从新》:"辛冷而燥,有毒。"
【归经】入肝、肾经。①《玉楸药解》:"入足少阴肾、足厥阴肝经。"②《本草再新》:入肝、肺二经。
【功用】杀虫,攻毒,利水,通便。治疥癣,瘰疬,梅毒,下疳,皮肤溃疡,水肿,臌胀,大小便闭。①《本草拾遗》:"通大肠,转小儿疳并瘰疬,杀疮疥癣虫及鼻上酒齄,风疮瘙痒。"②《本草衍义》:"下涎药并小儿涎潮、瘈疭多用。"③张元素:"洁净府,去膀胱中垢腻。"④《医学入门》:"消水肿,止血痢,吐风涎。"⑤《纲目》:"治痰涎积滞,水肿臌胀,毒疮。"⑥《本草正》:"治瘰疬诸毒疮,去腐肉,生新肉。
密陀僧:
【性味归经】性咸、辛、平、有毒;入肝、脾经。
【功效】消肿、杀虫、收敛防腐、坠痰镇惊、经试验对多种致病皮肤真菌,有不同程度的抑制作用,能收缩粘膜及溃疡处的血管,使分泌减少,并有消炎的防止感染等作用。
小鱼仙草:
【性味】辛,温。
【功效】祛风发表,利湿止痒。用于感冒头痛,扁桃体炎,中暑,溃疡病,痢疾;外用治湿疹,痱子,皮肤瘙痒,疮疖,蜈蚣咬伤。
进一步,百部5-8份、黄柏2-7份、山银花3-10份、白鲜皮2-9份、白芷4-9份、土银花叶3-10份、薄荷14-20份、海桐皮12-18份、穿心莲11-19份、苦参13-20份、雷公根14-20份、萹蓄13-20份、土豆粉32-40份、桑椹21-30份、何首乌23-30份、蜂花粉22-30份、轻粉31-40份、密陀僧32-40份、小鱼仙草31-40份。
进一步,百部5份、黄柏2份、山银花3份、白鲜皮2份、白芷4份、土银花叶3份、薄荷14份、海桐皮12份、穿心莲11份、苦参13份、雷公根14份、萹蓄13份、土豆粉32份、桑椹21份、何首乌23份、蜂花粉22份、轻粉31份、密陀僧32份、小鱼仙草31份。
进一步,百部8份、黄柏7份、山银花10份、白鲜皮9份、白芷9份、土银花叶10份、薄荷20份、海桐皮18份、穿心莲19份、苦参20份、雷公根20份、萹蓄20份、土豆粉40份、桑椹30份、何首乌30份、蜂花粉30份、轻粉40份、密陀僧40份、小鱼仙草40份。
进一步,百部10份、黄柏10份、山银花10份、白鲜皮10份、白芷10份、土银花叶10份、薄荷20份、海桐皮20份、穿心莲20份、苦参20份、雷公根20份、萹蓄20份、土豆粉40份、桑椹30份、何首乌30份、蜂花粉30份、轻粉40份、密陀僧40份、小鱼仙草40份。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明:
实施例1:
本方案中的用于皮癣的牛用中药制剂,是由以下质量份数的原料组成:百部3g、黄柏1g、山银花1g、白鲜皮1g、白芷1g、土银花叶1g、薄荷10g、海桐皮10g、穿心莲10g、苦参10g、雷公根10g、萹蓄10g、土豆粉30g、桑椹20g、何首乌20g、蜂花粉20g、轻粉30g、密陀僧30g、小鱼仙草30g;
制备方法:按配方比例将以上成分按常规提取、分离、干燥、粉碎,按比例复配,混合均匀、膨化干燥后可得制剂。
与现有技术相比,本发明的优点是:
1、采用多种天然原料制成,各原料的功效相互影响,相互协同,有效预防了牛身上皮癣的出现,同时具备用以实现治疗疾病的作用。
2、土豆粉等含有的淀粉能够在膨化工艺时膨胀从而使得整个中药制剂体积增大,密度减小至小于水,同时制剂整体性更好更易被吞服,待牛服用时,只需要在饲料槽中倒入水,将该制剂撒入水中,制剂即会漂浮水上,避免了制剂落在饲料槽的角落而无法被牛完全服用,同时有效成分不易被胃酸侵蚀破坏,直接到达肠道缓慢释放并被吸收而作用于病原体。
3.纯中药制剂,具有抗多种致病性真菌,无耐药性产生,是一种新型的、有效的解决畜禽真菌性皮肤病用药;
4.具有多靶点、多效性的特点,能有效解决了困扰西药治疗真菌感染时的耐药性及毒副作用问题,是畜禽真菌性皮肤病药物上的创新;
5.将药物制备成颗粒后,使用方便,疗效快,药效明显,且该药物对粘膜的刺激性温和,无不良反应;
6.预防和治愈率高,临床试验有效率,效果优于抗生素;
7.制备工艺简单,质量标准可控,适合规模化生产需要,经济和社会效益巨大。
8、以下是本发明中各组分的药理效果:
百部:功能主治:散热解表,润而不燥,能开泄降气,清肺热而解表,用于皮肤疥癣、湿疹、牛皮癣、遍身黄肿、皮炎、湿疹等症。
山银花:清热解毒,疏散风热。
薄荷:治疗风热感冒、头痛、咽喉痛、口舌生疮、风疹、麻疹、消炎止痛。
苦参:凉血、解热毒、疥癞、脓窠疮毒、皮肤瘙痒、血风癣疮、消肿毒、痰毒、皮肤瘙痒、湿毒疮疡。
黄柏:清热、燥湿、泻火,解毒、痔疮,目赤肿痛,口舌生疮,疮疡肿毒。
白鲜皮:
【性味归经】苦寒,入脾,胃经。
【功用】清热解毒、祛风除湿。用于湿热疮毒、风疹、疥癣、皮肤抓痒、湿痹、黄疸等症。
白芷:
【性味】辛,温入肺、脾、胃经;
【功效】治头痛,眉棱骨痛,齿痛,寒湿腹痛,皮肤瘙痒,疥癣。
土银花叶:
【性味归经】甘、寒,入肺、脾二经;
【主治】清热解毒;治痈疮、疔毒、麻痘疹毒、疳疮、痢疾、皮肤病、血热。
雷公根:
【性味】苦、辛,凉;有大毒。
【功能主治】祛风,解毒,杀虫。外用治风湿性关节炎,皮肤发痒,杀蛆虫、孑孓,灭钉螺,毒鼠。
土豆粉:
【性味】味甘、性平。
【功能主治】主治肺热咳嗽、烦躁口渴、脾虚泄泻、食欲不振及各种血证。生熟均可食用,主治热渴,散淤血,生肌。
海桐皮:祛风湿,通经络,杀虫。主治:治风湿痹痛,痢疾,牙痛,疥癣。
穿心莲:
【性味归经】苦,寒,归心、肺、大肠、膀胱经。
【功能主治】清热解毒,凉血,消肿。用于感冒发热,咽喉肿痛,口舌生疮,顿咳劳嗽,泄泻痢疾,热淋涩痛,痈肿疮疡,毒蛇咬伤,治疗神经性皮炎、湿疹。
萹蓄:
苦,微寒。归膀胱经。该品苦降下行,通利膀胱,苦燥又能杀虫除湿止痒,主要用于淋痛及湿疹。
1.利水通淋用于湿热淋证,可治疗泌尿系感染、结石、血尿等。
2.杀虫止痒可治疗蛲虫等寄生虫病。亦可煎汤外洗治疗皮肤疮疹、瘙痒。
3.治赤白痢,黄疸。
桑椹:
【性味】甘,微寒;归心、肝、肾经。
【功能主治】治肝肾阴亏,捎揭,便秘,目暗,耳鸣,原疡,关节不利。它有改善皮肤(包括头皮)血液供应,营养肌肤、使皮肤白嫩及乌发等作用,并能延缓衰老。桑椹是中老年人健体美颜、抗衰老的佳果与良药。常食桑椹可以明目,缓解眼睛疲劳干涩的症状。桑椹具有免疫促进作用。桑椹对脾脏有增重作用,对溶血性反应有增强作用,可防止人体动脉硬化、骨骼关节硬化,促进新陈代谢;桑椹可以促进血红细胞的生长,防止白细胞减少,并对治疗糖尿病、贫血、高血压、高血脂、冠心病、神经衰弱等病症具有辅助疗效。桑椹具有生津止渴、促进消化、帮助排便等作用,适量食用能促进胃液分泌,刺激肠蠕动及解除燥热。中医认为,桑椹性味甘寒,具有补肝益肾、生津润肠、乌发明目等功效。
何首乌:
【性味归经】苦、甘、涩,温,归肝、心、肾经。
【功能主治】解毒,消痈,润肠通便。用于瘰疠疮痈,风疹瘙痒,肠燥便秘;高血脂,对神经衰弱、白发、脱发、贫血等病症有治疗作用,因此,可延缓衰老、强身健体、保健心脏。
蜂花粉:抗前列腺增生、抗炎抗缺氧、增强免疫调节、抗衰老、降血脂及美容养颜等。①增强人体综合免疫功能:蜂花粉多糖能激活巨噬细胞的吞噬活动,提高人体抗病能力。②防衰老、美容作用:蜂花粉属营养性的美容化妆品,花粉中的VE、超氧化歧化酶(SOD)、硒等成分能滋润营养肌肤,恢复皮肤的弹性和光洁。花粉中的肌醇可使白发变黑,脱发渐生,保持头发乌黑亮丽。③防治脑心血管疾病:花粉中的黄酮类化合物能有效清除血管壁上脂肪的沉积,从而起软化血管和降血脂的作用。④防治前列腺疾病:花粉是前列腺炎的克星,以油菜花粉、荞麦花粉效果最佳。我国治前列腺疾病的有效药物-前列康就是以花粉为原料的。⑤减肥:服用蜂花粉可以吸收足够的营养,造成饱食感。同时,花粉中的卵磷脂可燃烧过剩的脂肪,达到减肥的目的。⑥调节肠胃功能:花粉有许多杀菌成分,能杀灭大肠杆菌等,并能防治便秘。⑦保肝护肝:花粉中的黄酮类化合物同样可防止脂肪在肝上的沉积。⑧调节神经系统,促进睡眠。⑨辅助治疗其他疾病:花粉对贫血、糖尿病、改善记忆力、更年期障碍等有较好效果。⑩辅助治疗前列腺疾病:可调节男性内分泌,恢复膀胱尿道平滑肌功能。
轻粉:
【性味】辛,寒,有毒。①《嘉佑本草》:"辛,冷,无毒。"②《医学入门》:"有毒。"③《本草从新》:"辛冷而燥,有毒。"
【归经】入肝、肾经。①《玉楸药解》:"入足少阴肾、足厥阴肝经。"②《本草再新》:入肝、肺二经。
【功用】杀虫,攻毒,利水,通便。治疥癣,瘰疬,梅毒,下疳,皮肤溃疡,水肿,臌胀,大小便闭。①《本草拾遗》:"通大肠,转小儿疳并瘰疬,杀疮疥癣虫及鼻上酒齄,风疮瘙痒。"②《本草衍义》:"下涎药并小儿涎潮、瘈疭多用。"③张元素:"洁净府,去膀胱中垢腻。"④《医学入门》:"消水肿,止血痢,吐风涎。"⑤《纲目》:"治痰涎积滞,水肿臌胀,毒疮。"⑥《本草正》:"治瘰疬诸毒疮,去腐肉,生新肉。
密陀僧:
【性味归经】性咸、辛、平、有毒;入肝、脾经。
【功效】消肿、杀虫、收敛防腐、坠痰镇惊、经试验对多种致病皮肤真菌,有不同程度的抑制作用,能收缩粘膜及溃疡处的血管,使分泌减少,并有消炎的防止感染等作用。
小鱼仙草:
【性味】辛,温。
【功效】祛风发表,利湿止痒。用于感冒头痛,扁桃体炎,中暑,溃疡病,痢疾;外用治湿疹,痱子,皮肤瘙痒,疮疖,蜈蚣咬伤。
实施例2:
与实施例1的区别仅在于:百部10g、黄柏10g、山银花10g、白鲜皮10g、白芷10g、土银花叶10g、薄荷20g、海桐皮20g、穿心莲20g、苦参20g、雷公根20g、萹蓄20g、土豆粉40g、桑椹30g、何首乌30g、蜂花粉30g、轻粉40g、密陀僧40g、小鱼仙草40g。
实施例3:
与实施例1的区别仅在于:百部8g、黄柏7g、山银花10g、白鲜皮9g、白芷9g、土银花叶10g、薄荷20g、海桐皮18g、穿心莲19g、苦参20g、雷公根20g、萹蓄20g、土豆粉40g、桑椹30g、何首乌30g、蜂花粉30g、轻粉40g、密陀僧40g、小鱼仙草40g。
实施例4:
与实施例1的区别仅在于:百部5g、黄柏2g、山银花3g、白鲜皮2g、白芷4g、土银花叶3g、薄荷14g、海桐皮12g、穿心莲11g、苦参13g、雷公根14g、萹蓄13g、土豆粉32g、桑椹21g、何首乌23g、蜂花粉22g、轻粉31g、密陀僧32g、小鱼仙草31g。
药理药效学实验:
1、急性毒性试验
应用小鼠进行急性毒性实验表明:小鼠口服灌胃本发明的中药制剂,在488.8g生药/kg剂量下,给药后小鼠出现轻微活动减少,1小时左右恢复正常,给药后连续观察7天,无一动物死亡,其全身状况、饮食、摄水、小便和体重增长均正常,实验结果表明:小鼠口服灌胃本发明的中药制剂胶囊剂的最大给药量为488.8g生药/kg/d(LD 50>488.8g生药/kg)。本发明的中药制剂每日临床用药总量为0.1g生药/kg/d;按体重计,小鼠灌胃本发明的中药制剂的耐受量为临床病猪、马、牛的4888倍。提示该药急性毒性低,临床用药安全。
2、长期毒性试验
选用SD大鼠,给予不同浓度(20.0、8.0、4.0g生药/kg)的本发明的中药制剂,每天灌胃一次,连续90天,末次给药后24小时各组活杀1/2动物(雌雄各半),其余1/2动物继续观察2周后活杀。试验期间观察动物的外观、一般行为、摄食量、体重变化,给药后90天和停药2周进行血液学(RBC、HB、网织红细胞、PLT、CT、WBC及分类)和血液生化(AST、ALT、ALP、Glu、BUN、Crea、TP、T.BIL、ALB、CHOL)、尿液生化、脏器系数、病理组织学等指标检查。试验结果表明:本发明制剂在高、中、低剂量组动物一般状态良好,外观体征、行为活动、进食量和体重增长均无异常变化;三个剂量组及对照组血液学检查、血液生化学、尿液生化检查均在正常范围,组间无显著差异;各组主要脏器组织病理学检查未见明显异常。上述指标停药2周后也未见改变。本试验用药剂量分别为临床用药剂量的200、80、40倍,根据试验结果本发明的中药制剂在高、中、低三个剂量(20.0、8.0、4.0g生药/kg)连续90天给药对大鼠无明显影响,无明确的毒性靶器官和敏感指标,恢复期观察也未见延迟性毒性反应,提示本发明的中药制剂临床应用的剂量安全性较高。
3、动物局部刺激试验:
本发明制剂的豚鼠皮肤过敏试验和大鼠直肠用药刺激性试验。结果表明:皮肤过敏试验,高剂量组1.0g(药粉)/kg、低剂量组0.125g(药粉)/kg,分别相当于拟临床猪、马、牛用量[0.04g(药粉)/kg]的25倍、3倍,经皮肤给药,均未见动物产生变态反应;直肠用药刺激性试验高剂量组6.0g(药粉)/kg,低剂量组3.6g(药粉)/kg,分别相当于拟临床猪、马、牛用量的150、90倍,在规定的时间内观察直肠粘膜均无充血、水肿等现象,病理组织学检查与空白对照组比较无明显差异,未见出现明显的刺激性反应,每组留存的部分动物其全身状况,体重、呼吸、循环、中枢神经系统及四肢活动等,均无明显异常反应。
临床诊断
1-1一般资料共选取确诊为皮癣症250例,每个实施例为一组,外加一组对照组不使用制剂,共计5组,每组各50例。
1-2诊断标准
1-2-1西医诊断标准参照《兽医内科学》”及《中兽药新药临床研究指导原则》拟定。
(1)症状与体征:长期反复发生的周期性出现精神沉郁,食欲不振,瘙痒,脱毛、在眼睛周围、耳、腹部先出现潮红后生出2~3毫米大小微黄水泡,几天后转变为全身皮肤红肿,且有很强的热感,体温升高到40℃~41℃;
(2)病例纳入标准凡符合两兽医疾病诊断标准及中兽医证型诊断标准并在排除标准外。
治疗结果见表。
表1五组愈合率比较(例)
本发明的有益效果是:
本发明诸药联合运用,对于畜禽皮癣,出现精神沉郁,食欲不振,瘙痒,脱毛现象治疗效果显著,至此,试验证明一种预防、治疗皮癣的牛用中药制剂,治疗效果显著、无毒副作用,无耐药性、经济有效方便值得应用推广,本发明制剂不会被胃酸破坏,直接到达肠道缓慢释放并被吸收而作用于病原体,效果明显,试验证明本发明制剂无毒副作用,安全放心。
以上所述的仅是本发明的实施例,方案中公知的具体结构及特性等常识在此未作过多描述。应当指出,对于本领域的技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明配方的前提下,还可以作出若干变形和改进,这些也应该视为本发明的保护范围,这些都不会影响本发明实施的效果和专利的实用性。本申请要求的保护范围应当以其权利要求的内容为准,说明书中的具体实施方式等记载可以用于解释权利要求的内容。
Claims (5)
1.用于皮癣的牛用中药制剂,其特征在于,是由以下质量份数的原料组成:百部3-10份、黄柏1-10份、山银花1-10份、白鲜皮1-10份、白芷1-10份、土银花叶1-10份、薄荷10-20份、海桐皮10-20份、穿心莲10-20份、苦参10-20份、雷公根10-20份、萹蓄10-20份、土豆粉30-40份、桑椹20-30份、何首乌20-30份、蜂花粉20-30份、轻粉30-40份、密陀僧30-40份、小鱼仙草30-40份;制备方法:按配方比例将以上成分按常规提取、分离、干燥、粉碎,按比例复配,混合均匀、膨化干燥后可得制剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于皮癣的牛用中药制剂,其特征在于,百部5-8份、黄柏2-7份、山银花3-10份、白鲜皮2-9份、白芷4-9份、土银花叶3-10份、薄荷14-20份、海桐皮12-18份、穿心莲11-19份、苦参13-20份、雷公根14-20份、萹蓄13-20份、土豆粉32-40份、桑椹21-30份、何首乌23-30份、蜂花粉22-30份、轻粉31-40份、密陀僧32-40份、小鱼仙草31-40份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于皮癣的牛用中药制剂,其特征在于,百部5份、黄柏2份、山银花3份、白鲜皮2份、白芷4份、土银花叶3份、薄荷14份、海桐皮12份、穿心莲11份、苦参13份、雷公根14份、萹蓄13份、土豆粉32份、桑椹21份、何首乌23份、蜂花粉22份、轻粉31份、密陀僧32份、小鱼仙草31份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于皮癣的牛用中药制剂,其特征在于,百部8份、黄柏7份、山银花10份、白鲜皮9份、白芷9份、土银花叶10份、薄荷20份、海桐皮18份、穿心莲19份、苦参20份、雷公根20份、萹蓄20份、土豆粉40份、桑椹30份、何首乌30份、蜂花粉30份、轻粉40份、密陀僧40份、小鱼仙草40份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的用于皮癣的牛用中药制剂,其特征在于,百部10份、黄柏10份、山银花10份、白鲜皮10份、白芷10份、土银花叶10份、薄荷20份、海桐皮20份、穿心莲20份、苦参20份、雷公根20份、萹蓄20份、土豆粉40份、桑椹30份、何首乌30份、蜂花粉30份、轻粉40份、密陀僧40份、小鱼仙草40份。
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