CN107663058B - 一种铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 142
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229920003086 cellulose ether Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O AKEJUJNQAAGONA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- HDERJYVLTPVNRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;ethenyl acetate Chemical group C=C.CC(=O)OC=C HDERJYVLTPVNRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001038 ethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960002154 guar gum Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010417 guar gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical group OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 abstract description 6
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- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 6
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- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B16/00—Use of organic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of organic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B16/04—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B16/06—Macromolecular compounds fibrous
- C04B16/0616—Macromolecular compounds fibrous from polymers obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B16/0625—Polyalkenes, e.g. polyethylene
- C04B16/0633—Polypropylene
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/12—Waste materials; Refuse from quarries, mining or the like
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/18—Waste materials; Refuse organic
- C04B18/24—Vegetable refuse, e.g. rice husks, maize-ear refuse; Cellulosic materials, e.g. paper, cork
- C04B18/26—Wood, e.g. sawdust, wood shavings
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/38—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/38—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- C04B24/383—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
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- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/10—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the viscosity
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- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆及其制备方法，其组成成分及重量份比例如下：铁尾矿砂45～55份；胶凝材料25～35份；可再分散性聚合物乳胶粉2～4份；铁尾矿粉7～15份；熟石灰粉5～10份；纤维素醚0.2～0.4份；淀粉醚0.3～0.5份；引气剂0.01～0.03份；木质纤维0.3～0.5份；聚丙烯抗裂纤维0.03～0.05份。将所述各组分按重量份比例称量、混匀制成所述铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆，再将制得的干混抹面砂浆与水按9：2重量比混合搅拌后即可使用。本发明所述铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆生产成本低，直接加水混合搅拌，施工方便，操作简单，施工效率高；用于建筑墙体防护抹面，保温性能好、抗裂性好、抹面无裂纹、无空鼓脱落。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑材料领域，尤其涉及一种铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆及其制备方法。
背景技术
改革开放以来，我国建筑行业迅速发展，用砂量逐年攀升。目前，国内普遍以烘干的河砂、石灰石机制砂及花岗岩机制砂为建筑用砂。石灰石机制砂由于石灰石本身的特性及制砂工艺的不同，在含粉量、粒径分布、粒形等几个方面有较大的差异；花岗岩机制砂因花岗岩硬度较大，制砂过程中形成的粉含量较低，粒径分布和粒形也多有不同；因此，河砂是抹灰砂浆较好的细骨料。但是，河砂的开采会破坏河床的稳定，从而影响河堤的稳定，存在安全隐患；采沙对河床的冲深，会造成河道低水位的下降，甚至影响两岸生产生活用水以及灌溉用水。
铁尾矿是选矿后的废弃物，是工业固体废弃物的主要组成部分。目前，建筑上利用铁尾矿作为混凝土的粗细骨料，或是作为路基材料；但是我国的铁尾矿综合利用率却不足10％，并且铁尾矿的堆积造成土地资源的浪费，甚至造成环境污染。铁尾矿砂经过洗选后，粗细尾矿砂已经可以作为尾矿砂混凝土的细集料使用，但是最后沉降的铁尾矿粉，因为其颗粒极细的尾矿砂和粘土质胶团颗粒，无法用作集料，如果回填还将影响矿山安全开采。随着目前我国所开采的矿山品位降低和无尾(矿库)开采制度的全面实施，会造成大量的尾矿无法回填和无处库存，这将严重影响矿山的正常开采，所以只有实现尾矿全量资源化利用、尾矿零排放目标，才能化解上述矛盾。
发明内容
为了解决河砂开采所带来的安全问题，以及铁尾矿的堆存问题，本发明提出一种铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆，降低了干混抹面砂浆生产成本和原材料成本，拓展铁尾矿的应用范围，用于建筑防护抹面，抗裂性好、抹面无裂纹、无空鼓脱落、防水性能好。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用以下方案，包括：
本发明提供的铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆中的组成成分及重量份比例如下：
所述铁尾矿砂属于II区中砂，由0～0.6mm、0.6mm～1.2mm、1.2mm～2.4mm三种级配的砂混合组成，其重量配比为9:68:23。
所述胶凝材料为42.5级普通硅酸盐水泥。
所述乳胶粉为醋酸乙烯酯-乙烯共聚物。
所述磨细铁尾矿粉细度为325目。
所述纤维素醚为羟丙基甲基纤维素。
所述淀粉醚为瓜耳胶醚。
所述引气剂为非离子型表面活性剂类。
所述铁尾矿砂和铁尾矿粉中泥块含量≤1.0％，三氧化硫≤0.5％，氯化物≤0.02％。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆的制备方法，包括：所述各组分按重量份比例称量、混匀制成所述铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆；使用时，干混抹面砂浆与水按9：2重量比混合搅拌。
本发明所述铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆由于加入纤维素醚、淀粉醚、木质纤维和聚丙烯抗裂纤维，具有优良的柔韧性和粘结性能。本发明所述铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆直接加水混合搅拌，施工方便，操作简单，施工效率高，用于建筑墙体防护抹面，抗裂性好、抹面无裂纹、无空鼓脱落。本发明所述的铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆用铁尾矿砂和铁尾矿粉等固体工业废弃物作为原材料，降低了生产成本，拓展铁尾矿的应用范围，具有良好的经济社会效益。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体的实施例对本发明作进一步的详细说明，以利于本领域技术人员能够更加清楚的了解。
实施例1
本实施例提供的铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆，各组分及其重量份比例为：铁尾矿砂55份；胶凝材料25；可再分散性聚合物乳胶粉2份；铁尾矿粉8份；熟石灰粉6份；纤维素醚0.2份；淀粉醚0.3份；引气剂0.015份；木质纤维0.3份；聚丙烯抗裂纤维0.03份。
将上述各组分按重量份比例称量，加入到混合设备中混匀制成所述铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆；再将制得的铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆与水按9：2重量比混合搅拌。
表1为上述制备的铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆的各项性能检测结果
实施例2
本实施例提供的铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆，各组分及其重量份比例为：铁尾矿砂50份；胶凝材料30；可再分散性聚合物乳胶粉3份；铁尾矿粉10份；熟石灰粉8份；纤维素醚0.3份；淀粉醚0.4份；引气剂0.02份；木质纤维0.4份；聚丙烯抗裂纤维0.04份。
将上述各组分按重量份比例称量，加入到混合设备中混匀制成所述铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆；再将制得的铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆与水按9：2重量比混合搅拌。
表2为上述制备的铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆的各项性能检测结果
实施例3
本实施例提供的铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆，各组分及其重量份比例为：铁尾矿砂45份；胶凝材料35；可再分散性聚合物乳胶粉4份；铁尾矿粉12份；熟石灰粉10份；纤维素醚0.4份；淀粉醚0.5份；引气剂0.025份；木质纤维0.5份；聚丙烯抗裂纤维0.05份。
将上述各组分按重量份比例称量，加入到混合设备中混匀制成所述铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆；再将制得的铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆与水按9：2重量比混合搅拌。
表3为上述制备的铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆的各项性能检测结果
上述实施例中所述铁尾矿砂属于II区中砂，由0～0.6mm、0.6mm～1.2mm、1.2mm～2.4mm三种级配的砂混合组成，其重量配比为9:68:23。所述胶凝材料为42.5级普通硅酸盐水泥，为所述铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆提供主要强度。所述乳胶粉为醋酸乙烯酯-乙烯共聚物。所述磨细铁尾矿粉细度为325目，可增加了所述铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆韧性和强度。所述纤维素醚为羟丙基甲基纤维素。所述淀粉醚为瓜耳胶醚。所述引气剂为非离子型表面活性剂类。所述铁尾矿砂和铁尾矿粉中泥块含量≤1.0％，三氧化硫≤0.5％，氯化物≤0.02％。所述铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆由于加入纤维素醚、淀粉醚、木质纤维和聚丙烯抗裂纤维，具有优良的柔韧性和粘结性能。
从上述实施例表格中可以看出，上述实施例制备的铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆的各项性能均满足要求。
Claims (9)
1.一种铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆，其特征在于，该铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆中的组成成分及重量份比例如下：
所述铁尾矿砂属于II区中砂，由0～0.6mm、0.6mm～1.2mm、1.2mm～2.4mm三种级配的砂混合组成，其重量配比为9:68:23。
2.根据权利要求1所述的铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆，其特征在于：所述胶凝材料为42.5级普通硅酸盐水泥。
3.根据权利要求1所述的铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆，其特征在于：所述乳胶粉为醋酸乙烯酯-乙烯共聚物。
4.根据权利要求1所述的铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆，其特征在于：所述铁尾矿粉细度为325目。
5.根据权利要求1所述的铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆，其特征在于：所述纤维素醚为羟丙基甲基纤维素。
6.根据权利要求1所述的铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆，其特征在于：所述淀粉醚为瓜耳胶醚。
7.根据权利要求1所述的铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆，其特征在于：所述引气剂为非离子型表面活性剂类。
8.根据权利要求1所述铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆，其特征在于：所述铁尾矿砂和铁尾矿粉中泥块含量≤1.0％，三氧化硫≤0.5％，氯化物≤0.02％。
9.根据权利要求1至8之任一所述的铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆的制备方法，其特征在于：所述各组分按重量份比例称量、混匀制成所述铁尾矿保温干混抹面砂浆；使用时，干混抹面砂浆与水按9：2重量比混合搅拌。
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