CN107653193B

CN107653193B - Efficient phosphorus-dissolving salt-tolerant aspergillus japonicus M1 and application thereof in crop yield increase

Info

Publication number: CN107653193B
Application number: CN201711048130.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 范丙全
Original assignee: Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning of CAAS
Current assignee: Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning of CAAS
Priority date: 2017-10-31
Filing date: 2017-10-31
Publication date: 2020-09-15
Anticipated expiration: 2037-10-31
Also published as: CN107653193A

Abstract

The invention provides a high-efficiency phosphorus-dissolving salt-tolerant Aspergillus japonicus (Aspergillus japonicus) M1 and application thereof in crop yield increase. The strain M1 has the preservation number of CGMCC NO.14627 and can tolerate 10 percent of NaCl. The M1 microbial inoculum can efficiently dissolve various indissolvable phosphorus, and the dissolution rate reaches 36.59-78.4%. The strain M1 has phosphorus dissolving capacity exceeding that of the internationally recognized phosphorus dissolving Paecilomyces bailii (ATCC20851) reported at present, and can be used as a biological measure for improving the effectiveness of ground phosphate rock crops under field conditions. The growth promotion and yield increase effects of the M1 biological agent are obvious, and a corn pot culture experiment shows that 3 indissolvable phosphorus are applied to 4 kinds of soil, the fresh weight of the corn inoculated with the M1 microbial agent is improved by 2.14-90.91% compared with a control, and the dry weight of the corn is improved by 22.15-268.28%. Has important significance for saving phosphate fertilizer resources and increasing grain yield in agricultural production in China.

Description

Efficient phosphorus-dissolving salt-tolerant aspergillus japonicus M1 and application thereof in crop yield increase

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of microbial preparations, in particular to a high-efficiency phosphate-solubilizing salt-tolerant aspergillus japonicus M1 and application thereof in crop yield increase.

Background

Phosphorus is one of three essential nutrients for plant growth, and phosphate fertilizer is an important measure for increasing grain yield. More than 90% of phosphate fertilizer applied to soil is converted into insoluble phosphorus, which is not easy to be absorbed and utilized by plants and is a main cause of low utilization efficiency of the phosphate fertilizer. So far, countries in the world depend on large consumption of phosphate fertilizers to ensure the yield increase of crops and guarantee the safety of grains, thereby leading the consumption of phosphate rock resources to increase year by year. More than 90% of phosphorite in China is of medium and low grade, and the service life of phosphorite in China is less than 20 years according to the current annual consumption. In future, the utilization efficiency of phosphate fertilizer and phosphate rock resources is improved, the effectiveness of a soil phosphorus reservoir is improved, the service life of the phosphate rock resources is prolonged, and the method has important significance for agricultural sustainable development of various countries in the world.

The phosphorus-dissolving microorganism secretes H by producing organic acid⁺The protons convert the insoluble phosphorus into available phosphorus and at the same time rely on the production of plant growth promoting substances, thus playing an important role in the bioavailability of phosphorus and the yield increase of crops. In recent centuries, the research on phosphorus-dissolving microorganisms is highly valued by scientists, and the improvement of the effectiveness of soil phosphorus-insoluble and the utilization efficiency of phosphate fertilizers by inoculating phosphorus-dissolving microbial preparations is expected. Due to different kinds of solventsThe phosphorus dissolving capacity and the inoculation effect of phosphorus bacteria or different bacterial strains are different greatly, so that the screening of the high-efficiency phosphorus dissolving bacterial strain is very important.

At present, phosphorus-dissolving microorganisms are widely used as effective measures for activating soil insoluble phosphorus and improving the biological effectiveness of phosphate ore and the crop yield. Research shows that the effect of the phosphorus-dissolving fungi is higher than that of phosphorus-dissolving bacteria under the conditions of solid medium plate or liquid culture. The phosphorus-dissolving microorganism has the functions of increasing available phosphorus in soil, promoting absorption of phosphorus, reducing application of phosphate fertilizer, promoting bioavailability of phosphate ore, promoting growth of crops and increasing yield of crops. Reports show that the phosphorus-dissolving microorganisms and the biological organic fertilizer thereof have great potential in dissolving insoluble phosphorus, reducing phosphate fertilizer input and improving crop yield. Therefore, in the process of phosphorus-dissolving microorganism screening and application potential research, attention should be paid to selecting high-efficiency strains which have high phosphorus-dissolving capacity and can improve crop yield.

The government of China highly attaches importance to the problem of high efficiency of fertilizer reduction, and the requirement of gradually achieving zero increase of the fertilizer is required. The eutrophication of rivers and lakes caused by excessive use of phosphate fertilizers requires reduction of the use amount of the phosphate fertilizers, improvement of the utilization rate of the phosphate fertilizers and reduction of the amount of available phosphorus entering water bodies from the environment. In order to achieve the goal of zero growth of phosphate fertilizers, phosphorus-dissolving microorganisms and biological fertilizers thereof are undoubtedly the first environmentally-friendly technical measures.

The phosphorus-dissolving microorganisms have the effects of increasing the content of available phosphorus in soil and promoting the growth of crops, and 36 kinds, 89 kinds and tens of thousands of phosphorus-dissolving strains of the phosphorus-dissolving microorganisms are reported. At present, the main reports of phosphorus-solubilizing fungi screening include Aspergillus (Aspergillus), Penicillium (Penicillium), trichoderma (trichoderma), saccharomycetes (Saccharomyces), Penicillium (Eupenicillium), Talaromyces (Talaromyces), Rhizopus (Rhizopus), Fusarium (Fusarium), Sclerotium rolfsii (Sclerotium) and Verticillium (Verticillium), most of which are Penicillium and Aspergillus, but the majority of which are not reported in Aspergillus japonicus with phosphorus-solubilizing and salt-tolerant functions so far.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims at the problems of low utilization rate of phosphorus deficiency and phosphate fertilizer, reduced yield increase potential, high saline-alkali land cultivated land area up to 1300 more than ten thousand hectares and the like in China, and provides a wide-adaptability efficient phosphorus-dissolving and salt-tolerant growth-promoting bacterium aspergillus japonicus M1, a microbial agent and a biological fertilizer preparation prepared from the same and application of the microbial agent and the biological fertilizer preparation.

In order to achieve the aim of the invention, the inventor screens a fungus M1 which has salt resistance and high efficiency for activating soil insoluble phosphorus from a saline-alkali soil for planting sunflower in Bayan Yan Yanhe city of inner Mongolia China, and the strain M1 is identified as Aspergillus japonicus (Aspergillus japonicus). It is preserved in China general microbiological culture Collection center, No. 3 Xilu-1 of Beijing, Chaozhou, the south China, institute of microbiology, China academy of sciences, zip code 100101, and preservation number CGMCC NO. 14627. The preservation date is 2017, 10 months and 16 days.

The mycological characteristics of M1 are as follows:

on a PDA culture medium plate, the strain M1 grows rapidly, the early stage of a colony is white flocculent, and then the colony becomes light brown to dark brown, powdery and light yellow on the back; the apical sac of conidiophore head is elliptical, and has double-layer peduncle, thick inner layer, short outer layer, radial arrangement, brown color, and chain-shaped spores at the top. The diameter of the spore is about 2.0-5.0 μm.

The invention also provides a microbial agent containing the aspergillus japonicus M1.

The microbial inoculum also contains an additive and a protective agent. Wherein the additive is at least one of silicon dioxide, light calcium carbonate, kaolin, bentonite, rice hull powder, wheat hull powder, straw powder and the like. The protective agent is at least one of glycerol, skimmed milk, vegetable oil, sodium alginate, chitosan, etc.

The microbial inoculum provided by the invention comprises the following components in parts by weight:

1 part of Aspergillus japonicus M1 zymocyte liquid

0.5-3 parts of additive

0.01 to 0.05 portion of protective agent

The number of viable bacteria of Aspergillus japonicus M1 in the microbial inoculum is 1 × 10⁸～3×10⁸Preferably, the number of viable bacteria of the Aspergillus japonicus M1 in the microbial inoculum is 2 × 10⁸CFU/g。

The invention also provides a soil phosphorus activator prepared from the aspergillus japonicus M1 or the microbial inoculum.

The invention also provides a biological fertilizer preparation prepared from the aspergillus japonicus M1, or the microbial inoculum, or the soil phosphorus activator. Preferably, the biological fertilizer preparation also contains a sterilized organic material and a binder.

The invention also provides application of the aspergillus japonicus M1 or the microbial inoculum in adapting the planted plants to 4 typical soils (Beijing calcareous moisture soil, Anhui cohesive moisture soil, Anhui paddy soil and Shandong coastal salt moisture soil) in China, activating insoluble phosphorus in the soil, improving the utilization rate of phosphate fertilizer, increasing the biological effectiveness of phosphate rock powder and saving phosphate fertilizer resources.

The invention also provides application of the aspergillus japonicus M1 or the microbial inoculum in improving crop yield. The microbial inoculum containing the aspergillus japonicus M1 can be applied to the growing areas of crops for seed dressing, or used as a base fertilizer or used as a top dressing.

The crops of the invention are greenhouse vegetables, including corn, peanut and the like. The crops are planted in calcareous moisture soil, cohesive moisture soil, paddy soil or saline moisture soil.

The invention also provides a biological organic fertilizer containing the aspergillus japonicus M1; the biological organic fertilizer also contains sterilized organic materials.

The invention also provides application of the aspergillus japonicus M1 or the microbial inoculum in preparation of a biological organic fertilizer and an organic-inorganic biological compound fertilizer.

The invention also provides an agricultural compound fertilizer which consists of a microbial inoculum with the effective component of the aspergillus japonicus M1 and a nitrogen fertilizer, a phosphate fertilizer, a potassium fertilizer or a compound fertilizer.

The phosphorus-dissolving efficient growth-promoting bacterium, namely the aspergillus japonicus M1, provided by the invention is widely suitable for Beijing calcareous moisture soil, Anhui cohesive moisture soil, Anhui paddy soil and Shandong coastal salt moisture soil. Experiments show that tricalcium phosphate, phosphate ore, phosphate rock powder, iron phosphate, aluminum phosphate and zinc phosphate can be dissolved under the conditions of solid and liquid culture mediums. By researching the effect of the strain M1 on promoting the growth of crops and improving the yield of crops, precious strain resources and product support are provided for the activation of various insoluble phosphorus, the efficient utilization of phosphate fertilizers, the conservation of phosphate fertilizer resources and the like.

The strain M1 can efficiently dissolve phosphate rock powder, iron phosphate, aluminum phosphate, zinc phosphate and tricalcium phosphate. Culturing insoluble phosphorus PDA plate for 6 days for Ca₃(PO₄)₂The dissolution amount of the compound reaches 53.71 phosphorus/plate; after 6 days of liquid culture, the dissolution rates of the phosphate, tricalcium phosphate, phosphate rock powder, iron phosphate and zinc phosphate respectively reach 78.4%, 63.3%, 49.86%, 48.4% and 36.59%, which exceed the internationally accepted phosphate-solubilizing fungus Penicillium beijerinckii (ATCC20851) reported at present.

The biological fertilizer containing the strain M1 can obviously promote the growth of corns in 4 kinds of soil, and the biomass is respectively increased by 22.15-268.28% compared with a control; the yield of the peanuts is improved by 22.19 percent under the field condition. The microbial agent has obvious plant growth promoting effect, the effect is not inhibited by the use of chemical fertilizer, and the microbial agent can be applied under the condition of normal use of the chemical fertilizer, and has important significance for saving phosphate fertilizer resources in agricultural production in China, increasing the yield of grains continuously and protecting the ecological environment of farmlands.

Drawings

FIG. 1 shows the effect of Aspergillus Nipponica M1 on phosphorus plate dissolution in example 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows the colony morphology of Aspergillus Nipponica M1 on PDYA plates in example 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 shows the hypha and conidium morphology of Aspergillus Nipponica M1 observed under electron microscope in example 1 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art, and the raw materials used are commercially available products.

Example 1 preparation of Aspergillus japonicus M1 microbial inoculum

1. Isolation and purification of Aspergillus japonicus M1

Separating and purifying the saline-alkali soil of sunflower planted in the inner Mongolia Bayan Dan Yanhe city to obtain the strain M1 which can efficiently dissolve insoluble phosphorus and resist salt.

According to the bacteriological characteristics of the strain M1 and the ITS rDNA gene sequencing result (SEQ ID NO:1), the strain M1 was determined to be Aspergillus japonicus (Aspergillus japonica).

The hypha and conidium morphology of Aspergillus japonicus M1 were observed under an electron microscope and are shown in FIG. 3.

2. Culture of Aspergillus japonicus M1

(1) Composition of the Medium (kg/t broth)

10kg of soluble starch, 10kg of soybean cake powder, 5kg of corn flour, 1kg of glucose, 10kg of sucrose, 5kg of yeast powder, (NH)₄)₂SO₄3kg，K₂HPO₄0.2kg，NaCl 2.5kg，MgSO₄·7H₂O 0.1kg，CaCO₃0.5kg，FeSO₄0.001kg, 1L boric acid (1%), pH7.0, made up with water.

(2) Fermentation culture process

Inoculating Aspergillus japonicus M1 on potato sucrose (PDA) culture medium, and culturing at 25-28 deg.C for 3 days. The koji mold M1 was transferred into a 1000mL Erlenmeyer flask and cultured at 26-28 ℃ for 36 hours at 220r/min by liquid fermentation. Then inoculating into a 50L seeding tank according to the inoculation amount of 1 v/v%, culturing for 36h under the conditions of 200r/min, pH7.0 and ventilation capacity of 0.7vvm, then transferring into a 500L fermentation tank according to the inoculation amount of 10 v/v%, and culturing for 3d under the conditions of 220r/min, pH7.0 and ventilation capacity of 0.7-1.0 vvm.

3. Preparation of Aspergillus japonicus M1 microbial inoculum

Adding sodium alginate as protective agent into the fermentation liquid, adsorbing Aspergillus japonicus M1 with rice hull powder, and adding M1 microbial inoculum with viable count of 2 × 10⁸CFU/g。

EXAMPLE 2 Strain M1 solid plate test for phosphorus solubilization Effect

In order to clarify the ability of Aspergillus japonicus M1 to dissolve poorly soluble phosphorus, tricalcium phosphate Ca was used in this example₃(PO₄)₂As a phosphorus source, the culture was carried out at 28 ℃ for 5 days, and the available phosphorus on the PDA plate was measured. The test uses penicillium beijerinckii ATCC20851 and penicillium oxalicum P8(CGMCC 2272) as control strains, and is provided with a non-inoculation control test.

The results show (table 1) that the fungus M1 has the strongest capacity of dissolving tricalcium phosphate, and phosphorus dissolution is as high as 53.71mg phosphorus/plate, which is 155.1% higher than the phosphorus dissolution amount (21.05mg phosphorus/plate) of the strain ATCC 20851; the phosphorus dissolving amount of the strain M1 is obviously higher than that of the penicillium oxalicum P8 by 48.76mg phosphorus per plate. A colony formed by Aspergillus japonicus M1 on inorganic phosphorus medium (tricalcium phosphate as a phosphorus source) is shown in FIG. 1.

TABLE 1 phosphorus solubilizing Effect of different phosphorus solubilizing strains on PDA solid plates

Note: a. the difference in b and c letters indicates significant differences between treatments.

Example 3 Effect of phosphorus-solubilizing Strain M1 on solubilizing poorly soluble phosphorus in liquid Medium

Under the condition of liquid culture, the phosphorus-dissolving fungus M1 is tested for the dissolving capacity of tricalcium phosphate, aluminum phosphate, iron phosphate, zinc phosphate and Yunnan Jinning ground phosphate rock. The results show (Table 2) that Aspergillus japonicus M1 released the highest available phosphorus from aluminum phosphate, reaching 995.69. mu.g phosphorus/mL, accounting for 78.4% of the total phosphorus added; the strain M1 has strong capability of dissolving tricalcium phosphate, ground phosphate rock, iron phosphate and zinc phosphate, the effective phosphorus content in the solution is 628.25, 363.64, 496.87 and 293.86 mu g of phosphorus/mL respectively, and the effective phosphorus content in the solution respectively accounts for 63.3%, 49.86%, 48.4% and 36.59% of the total phosphorus content. Phosphate rock powder and aluminum phosphate are difficult-to-dissolve phosphorus sources, few strains for efficiently dissolving phosphate rock powder and aluminum phosphate are reported at home and abroad at present, and the strain M1 shows an excellent dissolving effect.

TABLE 2 solubilizing Effect of Aspergillus japonicus M1 on 5 hardly soluble phosphorus by liquid culture for 6d

Note: a. the b, c, d, e letters differ indicating significant differences between treatments.

Example 4 salt tolerance of the phosphorus-solubilizing Strain M1

In order to determine the NaCl tolerance of the phosphorus-solubilizing strain M1, NaCl with different contents was added to PDYA plates, the PDYA plates were placed in a constant temperature incubator at 28 ℃, and the growth of hyphae in the PDYA plates with different NaCl contents was observed and recorded every day from 3 days. The test uses P.Pholyticus DSM821(ATCC 9142) as a control strain. The results show (table 3) that aspergillus japonicus M1 tolerates up to 10% of the salt concentration. The salt stress tolerance of the strain M1 was greater than that of the strain DSM821 (7.5% NaCl). The bacterial colony growth of the phosphorus-solubilizing strains reported in the literature is obviously inhibited when the NaCl concentration is 0.4-1.5%, so that the good salt tolerance of the phosphorus-solubilizing strain M1 is highlighted.

The colony morphology of Aspergillus japonicus M1 on PDYA plates is shown in FIG. 2.

TABLE 3 growth of phosphate solubilizing bacteria M1, DSM821 on PDYA salt tolerant medium (5d)

Note: -means that colonies do not grow; + indicates that colony growth is severely inhibited; + indicates inhibition of colony growth; the colonies grew vigorously.

Example 5 Effect of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria on soil available phosphorus under potting conditions

A pot experiment adopts a completely random design scheme, insoluble tricalcium phosphate, aluminum phosphate and Kaiyang phosphate rock powder (KYRP) are added into paddy soil, viscous moist soil, saline moist soil and calcareous moist soil, and phosphorus-dissolving bacteria M1 (Aspergillus japonicus) and DSM821 are respectively inoculated to the paddy soil, the viscous moist soil, the saline moist soil and the calcareous moist soil, and the CK is controlled without inoculation. Each treatment was repeated 4 times for a total of 144 pots.

The results (Table 4) show that the Aspergillus japonicus M1 inoculum was inoculated into 4 soils, respectively, and the effective phosphorus content of all 4 soils was higher than that of the control and strain DSM 821. By taking the microbial inoculum as a main factor, under the treatment of the microbial inoculum and the non-microbial inoculum (CK), the soil effective phosphorus content of the microbial inoculum M1 is the highest (33.22mg/kg), the soil effective phosphorus content of the CK is the lowest (9.59mg/kg), the microbial inoculum M1 is increased by 23.61mg/kg compared with a control, and the microbial inoculum DSM821 (30.91mg/kg) is increased by 2.31mg/kg compared with the microbial inoculum DSM 821.

In 4 kinds of soil treatment, the average value of data under the treatment of all inoculated inoculants and different phosphorus sources is calculated, the highest effective phosphorus content of the 4 kinds of soil in the rice soil is 33.08mg/kg on average, which shows that the phosphorus-dissolving inoculants M1 and DSM821 have the strongest capacity of activating the insoluble phosphorus in the rice soil, and shows that the capacities of the inoculants M1 and DSM821 for dissolving the insoluble phosphorus in the rice soil are higher than those of the other 3 kinds of soil.

Under the treatment of 3 phosphorus sources, the soil with the aluminum phosphate as the phosphorus source has the highest available phosphorus content of 32.31mg/kg, which shows that the microbial inoculum M1 and DSM821 have the strongest capacity of activating the aluminum phosphate in the soil and are superior to tricalcium phosphate and ground phosphate.

The results show that the microbial inoculum M1 has remarkable advantages over the microbial inoculum DSM821 in improving the available phosphorus in the soil, the adaptability of the microbial inoculum M1 to the paddy soil is optimal, the adaptability of the microbial inoculum M1 to the 4 kinds of soil is higher than that of the microbial inoculum DSM821, and the application potential in agricultural production is huge.

TABLE 4 soil available phosphorus content in corn potting test

Note: a. the b, c, d, e, f letters differ indicating a significant difference between treatments.

Example 6 Effect of Phosphaeroides M1 on corn growth under potting conditions

Under the treatment of inoculated bacteria and non-inoculated bacteria (CK) (table 5), the biomass of the corn inoculated with the bacteria M1 is the highest, and the fresh weight and the dry weight are respectively 23.08 g/pot and 3.79 g/pot; the ratio CK (fresh weight 15.61 g/pot, dry weight 1.50 g/pot) is respectively increased by 7.47 g/pot and 2.29 g/pot.

In the same soil, the biomass of the corn inoculated with the microbial inoculum M1 is higher than that of the microbial inoculum DSM 821. Under the treatment of 4 kinds of soil inoculated with microbial inoculum and different phosphorus sources, the biomass of the corn in No.1 rice soil is the highest, and the fresh weight and the dry weight are 31.29 g/pot and 5.18 g/pot respectively, which shows that the microbial inoculum M1 and DSM821 have the best growth promotion effect on the corn in the rice soil.

As can be seen, the effect of the microbial inoculum M1 on the corn biomass is better than that of the microbial inoculum DSM821, and the suitability of the microbial inoculum M1 and 4 kinds of soil is higher than that of the microbial inoculum DSM 821.

TABLE 5 Effect of phosphorus-solubilizing strains, insoluble phosphorus and soil types on corn Biomass

Example 7 yield increase of field peanuts by phosphorus-solubilizing biofertilizer

Phosphorus-dissolving bacterial manure tests are carried out on Xiliang peanuts in the Beijing Haihu lake area, the test area of a cell is 10m multiplied by 4m, the test area is divided into cells of 1.8m multiplied by 0.8m, each cell is inoculated with 300g of microbial inoculum, the phosphorus-dissolving microbial inoculum is uniformly mixed with soil with the thickness of about 15cm on the surface layer and then ridges (200cm multiplied by 20cm) are planted, and 16 peanuts are planted on each ridge. And (4) after harvesting peanuts, airing, and weighing fruits and plants.

The addition of the fungicide M1 has the best effect on promoting the growth of the dry weight and the fresh weight of a peanut plant (Table 6), and compared with CK, the fresh weight and the dry weight of a plant treated by the fungicide M1 are respectively increased by 43.92 percent and 27.67 percent to reach 13.50t/hm²And 6.69t/hm²(ii) a The fresh weight and the dry weight of the plant are respectively increased by 13.96 percent and 16.60 percent than CK by applying a microbial inoculum ATCC20851 to reach 10.69t/hm²And 6.11t/hm²(ii) a The fresh weight and the dry weight of the plant treated by the microbial inoculum DSM821 are respectively increased by 18.87 percent and 14.31 percent compared with CK to reach 11.15t/hm²And 5.99t/hm². The growth promoting effect of the added different microbial inoculum on peanut plants is different, and the fresh weight of the plants is improved by 2.81t/hm compared with that of ATCC20851 by using the microbial inoculum M1²The dry weight is increased by 0.58t/hm²(ii) a Compared with the microbial inoculum DSM821, the fresh weight and the dry weight of the plant of the microbial inoculum M1 are respectively increased by 2.35t/hm²And 0.7t/hm². The above results show that the additionThe microbial inoculum M1 has the best growth promotion effect on the peanut biomass in the plot experiment.

The growth promoting effect of the added phosphorus-dissolving bacterium agent on the peanut fruits is a bacterium agent M1>ATCC20851>DSM 821>CK. The microbial inoculum M1 which has the greatest influence on the yield of the peanut fruits is increased by 1.39t/hm compared with the fresh weight and dry weight of CK peanut fruits²And 0.81t/hm²Up to 5.35t/hm²And 3.65t/hm²(ii) a The fresh weight and the dry weight of the peanuts treated by the microbial inoculum ATCC20851 are increased by 0.80t/hm compared with the increase of CK²And 0.50t/hm²Up to 6.15t/hm²And 4.15t/hm². The fresh weight and the dry weight of the peanut fruit treated by the microbial agent M1 are increased by 9.59 percent and 7.47 percent compared with those of the peanut fruit treated by the microbial agent ATCC 20851.

TABLE 6 yield increase of peanut by phosphorus-solubilizing inoculant M1 under field conditions

The wide-adaptability efficient phosphorus-dissolving growth-promoting aspergillus japonicus M1 and the bio-organic fertilizer thereof are researched in many ways, and by applying the phosphorus-dissolving bio-fertilizer microbial inoculum, the soil phosphorus can be activated efficiently, the effective phosphorus level of the soil is increased, the biological effectiveness of the phosphate rock powder is enhanced, the phosphorus-dissolving bio-fertilizer microbial inoculum is well matched with 4 typical farmland soils in China, the crop yield is increased remarkably, the phosphorus-dissolving yield-increasing effect is achieved, and the phosphorus-dissolving growth-promoting aspergillus japonicus M1 and the bio-organic fertilizer thereof have good agricultural production application value.

The invention aims at the current situations of low soil phosphorus effectiveness, indissolvable phosphorus accumulation and continuous decline of phosphate fertilizer utilization rate in China and the current situation that the China lacks efficient broad-spectrum phosphorus-dissolving microbial strain resources, breeds efficient phosphorus-dissolving microbial strains widely applicable to typical farmland soil types of moisture soil, paddy soil and saline moisture soil and various crops, and provides technical support for developing efficient phosphorus-dissolving biological organic fertilizers and microbial agents.

Although the invention has been described in detail hereinabove with respect to a general description and specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.

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Claims

1. Aspergillus japonicus (Aspergillus japonicus) M1 with the preservation number of CGMCC NO. 14627.

2. A microbial agent comprising the koji mold M1 according to claim 1.

3. The microbial inoculum according to claim 2, which is characterized by further comprising an additive and a protective agent;

wherein the additive is at least one of silicon dioxide, light calcium carbonate, kaolin, bentonite, rice hull powder, wheat hull powder and straw powder;

the protective agent is at least one of glycerol, skimmed milk, vegetable oil, sodium alginate and chitosan.

4. A soil phosphorus activator prepared from the koji mold M1 according to claim 1 or the microbial agent according to claim 2 or 3.

5. A biofertilizer preparation prepared from the koji mold M1 according to claim 1, the microbial agent according to claim 2 or 3, or the soil phosphorus activator according to claim 4.

6. Use of the aspergillus japonicus M1 of claim 1, the microbial inoculum of claim 2 or 3, the soil phosphorus activator of claim 4 or the biofertilizer formulation of claim 5 for improving the utilization of phosphorus in soil and for increasing the yield of crops.

7. The use according to claim 6, characterized in that the fungicide according to claim 2 or 3 is applied to the growing area of crops for seed dressing, or as a base fertilizer, or as a top dressing.

8. Use according to claim 7, wherein the crop is planted in calcareous, cohesive, paddy or saline soil.

9. Use according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the crop is a greenhouse vegetable.

10. Use according to claim 9, wherein the crop is maize or peanut.

11. Use of the aspergillus japonicus M1 in claim 1 or the microbial inoculum in claim 2 or 3 in preparation of bio-organic fertilizer and organic-inorganic bio-compound fertilizer.