CN107647112B - Feed enzyme preparation carrier and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Feed enzyme preparation carrier and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107647112B CN107647112B CN201710840018.6A CN201710840018A CN107647112B CN 107647112 B CN107647112 B CN 107647112B CN 201710840018 A CN201710840018 A CN 201710840018A CN 107647112 B CN107647112 B CN 107647112B
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- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract
The invention provides a feeding enzyme preparation carrier and a preparation method thereof, wherein fine defatted rice bran is pretreated to reduce the oil content to below 1 percent, and the reduction of the oil content is beneficial to the guarantee period of the carrier and the enzyme preparation loaded by the carrier; the pretreated fine defatted rice bran is compounded with chitosan, the chitosan has film forming property, optimizes the surface property of the fine defatted rice bran, has a slow release effect on a loaded enzyme preparation, prolongs the action time of the enzyme preparation, also has certain bactericidal property and oxidation resistance, and is beneficial to further prolonging the effective period of a product; the fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex and the mixed powder are heated and refluxed in the ethylene glycol aqueous solution, so that the uniform dispersion of all components can be promoted, the surface performance of the product can be further improved, and the adsorption performance can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of enzyme preparations, in particular to a feeding enzyme preparation carrier and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The enzyme preparation is an important feed additive, is beneficial to improving the digestion and utilization of the feed by the feeding animals and improving the metabolic efficiency in the animal bodies; enzyme preparations which can be added to the feed at present include amylase, alpha-galactosidase, cellulase, beta-glucanase, glucose oxidase, lipase, maltase, mannanase, pectinase, phytase, protease, keratinase, xylanase and the like; due to the complexity of the structure of the feed raw materials, a complex enzyme preparation is more used in the industrial production of the feed; the compound enzyme preparation is a product containing 2 or more than 2 single enzymes;
however, there are many problems in the practical application of enzyme preparations, especially poor enzyme stability, which inevitably affects the stability of enzyme preparations if proper carriers cannot be selected for enzyme immobilization, and "suitable" herein includes various considerations such as: whether the adsorption is firm or not, the stability of the enzyme, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a feeding enzyme preparation carrier and a preparation method thereof;
in order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following scheme:
the preparation method of the feed enzyme preparation carrier comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of fine defatted rice bran: adding the fine defatted rice bran, sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide into purified water which is 3-5 times of the total weight of the fine defatted rice bran, the sodium carbonate and the sodium hydroxide together according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.2-0.3: 0.1-0.2, crushing and pulping, heating to 50-60 ℃, stirring for reaction for 2-3 hours, filtering, washing and drying for later use;
(2) dissolving chitosan in an acetic acid solution with the mass concentration of 15-20% to obtain a chitosan saturated solution, pouring the fine defatted rice bran pretreated in the step (1) into the chitosan saturated solution, crushing and pulping, performing microwave treatment at 150-300W for 2-3 minutes, filtering, washing and drying to obtain a fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex for later use;
(3) mixing corn cob powder, fermented soybean meal, attapulgite, longan shell powder and hawthorn seed powder according to a mass ratio of 6: 2-3: 1-2: 1-2: 1-2, uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder;
(4) adding the fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex obtained in the step (2) and the mixed powder obtained in the step (3) into a glycol aqueous solution with the volume concentration of 40-50% according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.5-0.6, heating to reflux and stirring for 5-6 hours, filtering, drying, grinding and sieving to obtain a feed enzyme preparation carrier;
in the step (1), purified water is used for washing, and drying is carried out for 5-8 hours at the temperature of 100-110 ℃;
as one of the preferable technical solutions, in the step (2), the mass-to-volume ratio of the fine defatted rice bran to the chitosan saturated solution is 1 g: 4-6 mL;
in the step (2), purified water is used for washing, and drying is carried out for 6-8 hours at the temperature of 80-90 ℃;
in a preferable technical scheme, in the step (3), the longan shell powder is obtained by crushing longan shells and sieving the crushed longan shells with a 50-mesh sieve;
as one of the preferable technical proposal, in the step (3), the hawthorn seed powder is obtained by crushing hawthorn seeds and sieving the crushed hawthorn seeds with a 50-mesh sieve;
in a preferable technical scheme, in the step (4), the volume-to-mass ratio of the ethylene glycol aqueous solution to the fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex is 20-30 mL: 1g of a compound;
as one of the preferable technical solutions, in the step (4), the drying method is spray drying, and the process conditions are as follows: inert gas to be used for dryingHeating to 130-140 ℃, and setting the air outlet temperature to 80-90 ℃, wherein the pressure of the inert gas is 0.4-0.8 MPa, and the flow rate is 70-90 m3/h；
As a further preferred solution, the inert gas is injected from the top through a two-fluid nozzle in the direction of the inlet of the spray drying apparatus;
as one of the further preferable technical solutions, the inert gas enters in parallel flow;
as one of the preferable technical proposal, in the step (4), grinding and sieving by a 50-mesh sieve;
the feed enzyme preparation carrier is prepared by the method;
the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention firstly pretreats the fine defatted rice bran to reduce the oil content to below 1 percent, and the reduction of the oil content is beneficial to the guarantee period of a carrier and a loaded enzyme preparation thereof; the pretreated fine defatted rice bran is compounded with chitosan, the chitosan has film forming property, optimizes the surface property of the fine defatted rice bran, has a slow release effect on a loaded enzyme preparation, prolongs the action time of the enzyme preparation, also has certain bactericidal property and oxidation resistance, and is beneficial to further prolonging the effective period of a product; the fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex and the mixed powder are heated and refluxed in an ethylene glycol aqueous solution, so that the uniform dispersion of each component can be promoted, and the surface performance of the product can be further improved, thereby improving the adsorption performance;
2. the fine defatted rice bran is treated and saponified by sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide in a specific ratio, so that the fat content can be effectively reduced;
3. the particle size of the carrier is controlled within 50 meshes, and the carrier has a large specific surface area and good adsorption performance;
4. the mixed powder comprises corncob powder, fermented soybean meal, attapulgite, longan shell powder and hawthorn seed powder, the corncob powder, the fermented soybean meal and the attapulgite play a basic bearing role, the longan shell powder has a large specific surface area and enhanced adsorption performance, and the hawthorn seed powder is rich in polyphenol compounds, has good antioxidant activity and prolongs the effective period of the borne enzyme preparation.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments; all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention;
the fine defatted rice bran is purchased from Qinghe oil and fat Limited company in Gaoan city, and the fat content is less than 2 percent;
example 1:
the preparation method of the feed enzyme preparation carrier comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of fine defatted rice bran: adding the fine defatted rice bran, sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide into purified water with the weight ratio of 1:0.2:0.1 of 3 times of the total weight, crushing and pulping, heating to 50 ℃, stirring for reaction for 2 hours, filtering, washing and drying for later use;
(2) dissolving chitosan in an acetic acid solution with the mass concentration of 15% to obtain a chitosan saturated solution, pouring the fine defatted rice bran pretreated in the step (1) into the chitosan saturated solution, crushing and pulping, performing 150W microwave treatment for 2 minutes, filtering, washing and drying to obtain a fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex for later use;
(3) mixing corn cob powder, fermented soybean meal, attapulgite, longan shell powder and hawthorn seed powder according to a mass ratio of 6: 2:1: 1:1, uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder;
(4) adding the fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex obtained in the step (2) and the mixed powder obtained in the step (3) into a glycol aqueous solution with the volume concentration of 40% according to the mass ratio of 1:0.5, heating to reflux and stirring for 5 hours, filtering, drying, grinding and sieving to obtain a feed enzyme preparation carrier;
wherein, in the step (1), the washing is purified water washing, and the drying is drying for 5 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃;
in the step (2), the mass-to-volume ratio of the fine defatted rice bran to the chitosan saturated solution is 1 g: 4 mL; the washing is carried out by adopting purified water, and the drying is carried out for 6 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
in the step (3), the longan shell powder is obtained by crushing longan shells and sieving the crushed longan shells with a 50-mesh sieve; the hawthorn seed powder is obtained by crushing hawthorn seeds and sieving the crushed hawthorn seeds with a 50-mesh sieve;
in the step (4), the volume-to-mass ratio of the ethylene glycol aqueous solution to the fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex is 20 mL: 1g of a compound;
the drying method is spray drying, and the process conditions are as follows: heating inert gas for drying to 130 ℃, and setting the air outlet temperature to 80 ℃, wherein the pressure of the inert gas is 0.4MPa, and the flow rate is 70m3H; the inert gas is injected from the top through a two-fluid nozzle in the inlet direction of the spray drying equipment; the inert gas enters in parallel flow;
in the step (4), grinding and sieving by a 50-mesh sieve;
the feed enzyme preparation carrier is prepared by the method;
example 2:
the preparation method of the feed enzyme preparation carrier comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of fine defatted rice bran: adding the fine defatted rice bran, sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide into purified water which is 5 times of the total weight of the fine defatted rice bran, the sodium carbonate and the sodium hydroxide together according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.3: 0.2, crushing and pulping, heating to 60 ℃, stirring for reaction for 3 hours, filtering, washing and drying for later use;
(2) dissolving chitosan in an acetic acid solution with the mass concentration of 20% to obtain a chitosan saturated solution, pouring the fine defatted rice bran pretreated in the step (1) into the chitosan saturated solution, crushing and pulping, performing 300W microwave treatment for 3 minutes, filtering, washing and drying to obtain a fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex for later use;
(3) mixing corn cob powder, fermented soybean meal, attapulgite, longan shell powder and hawthorn seed powder according to a mass ratio of 6: 3: 2:2:2 to obtain mixed powder;
(4) adding the fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex obtained in the step (2) and the mixed powder obtained in the step (3) into a glycol aqueous solution with the volume concentration of 50% according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.6, heating to reflux and stir for 6 hours, filtering, drying, grinding and sieving to obtain a feed enzyme preparation carrier;
wherein, in the step (1), the washing is purified water washing, and the drying is drying for 8 hours at the temperature of 110 ℃;
in the step (2), the mass-to-volume ratio of the fine defatted rice bran to the chitosan saturated solution is 1 g: 6 mL; the washing is carried out by adopting purified water, and the drying is carried out for 8 hours at the temperature of 90 ℃;
in the step (3), the longan shell powder is obtained by crushing longan shells and sieving the crushed longan shells with a 50-mesh sieve; the hawthorn seed powder is obtained by crushing hawthorn seeds and sieving the crushed hawthorn seeds with a 50-mesh sieve;
in the step (4), the volume-to-mass ratio of the ethylene glycol aqueous solution to the fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex is 30 mL: 1g of a compound;
the drying method is spray drying, and the process conditions are as follows: heating inert gas for drying to 140 ℃, and setting the air outlet temperature to 90 ℃, wherein the pressure of the inert gas is 0.8MPa, and the flow rate is 90m3H; the inert gas is injected from the top through a two-fluid nozzle in the inlet direction of the spray drying equipment; the inert gas enters in parallel flow;
in the step (4), grinding and sieving by a 50-mesh sieve;
the feed enzyme preparation carrier is prepared by the method;
example 3:
the preparation method of the feed enzyme preparation carrier comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of fine defatted rice bran: adding the fine defatted rice bran, sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide into purified water with the weight ratio of 1:0.2: 0.2 of 3 times of the total weight, crushing and pulping, heating to 60 ℃, stirring for reaction for 2 hours, filtering, washing and drying for later use;
(2) dissolving chitosan in an acetic acid solution with the mass concentration of 20% to obtain a chitosan saturated solution, pouring the fine defatted rice bran pretreated in the step (1) into the chitosan saturated solution, crushing and pulping, performing 150W microwave treatment for 3 minutes, filtering, washing and drying to obtain a fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex for later use;
(3) mixing corn cob powder, fermented soybean meal, attapulgite, longan shell powder and hawthorn seed powder according to a mass ratio of 6: 2:2: 1:2 to obtain mixed powder;
(4) adding the fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex obtained in the step (2) and the mixed powder obtained in the step (3) into a glycol aqueous solution with the volume concentration of 50% according to the mass ratio of 1:0.5, heating to reflux and stirring for 5 hours, filtering, drying, grinding and sieving to obtain a feed enzyme preparation carrier;
wherein, in the step (1), the washing is purified water washing, and the drying is drying for 5 hours at the temperature of 110 ℃;
in the step (2), the mass-to-volume ratio of the fine defatted rice bran to the chitosan saturated solution is 1 g: 6 mL; the washing is carried out by adopting purified water, and the drying is carried out for 8 hours at the temperature of 80 ℃;
in the step (3), the longan shell powder is obtained by crushing longan shells and sieving the crushed longan shells with a 50-mesh sieve; the hawthorn seed powder is obtained by crushing hawthorn seeds and sieving the crushed hawthorn seeds with a 50-mesh sieve;
in the step (4), the volume-to-mass ratio of the ethylene glycol aqueous solution to the fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex is 20 mL: 1g of a compound;
the drying method is spray drying, and the process conditions are as follows: heating inert gas for drying to 140 ℃, and setting the air outlet temperature to 80 ℃, wherein the pressure of the inert gas is 0.8MPa, and the flow rate is 70m3H; the inert gas is injected from the top through a two-fluid nozzle in the inlet direction of the spray drying equipment; the inert gas enters in parallel flow;
in the step (4), grinding and sieving by a 50-mesh sieve;
the feed enzyme preparation carrier is prepared by the method;
example 4:
the preparation method of the feed enzyme preparation carrier comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of fine defatted rice bran: adding the fine defatted rice bran, sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide into purified water which is 5 times of the total weight of the fine defatted rice bran, the sodium carbonate and the sodium hydroxide together according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.3:0.1, crushing and pulping, heating to 50 ℃, stirring for reaction for 3 hours, filtering, washing and drying for later use;
(2) dissolving chitosan in an acetic acid solution with the mass concentration of 15% to obtain a chitosan saturated solution, pouring the fine defatted rice bran pretreated in the step (1) into the chitosan saturated solution, crushing and pulping, performing 300W microwave treatment for 2 minutes, filtering, washing and drying to obtain a fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex for later use;
(3) mixing corn cob powder, fermented soybean meal, attapulgite, longan shell powder and hawthorn seed powder according to a mass ratio of 6: 3: uniformly mixing in a ratio of 1:2:1 to obtain mixed powder;
(4) adding the fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex obtained in the step (2) and the mixed powder obtained in the step (3) into a glycol aqueous solution with the volume concentration of 40% according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.6, heating to reflux and stir for 6 hours, filtering, drying, grinding and sieving to obtain a feed enzyme preparation carrier;
wherein, in the step (1), the washing is purified water washing, and the drying is drying for 8 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃;
in the step (2), the mass-to-volume ratio of the fine defatted rice bran to the chitosan saturated solution is 1 g: 4 mL; the washing is carried out by adopting purified water, and the drying is carried out for 6 hours at the temperature of 90 ℃;
in the step (3), the longan shell powder is obtained by crushing longan shells and sieving the crushed longan shells with a 50-mesh sieve; the hawthorn seed powder is obtained by crushing hawthorn seeds and sieving the crushed hawthorn seeds with a 50-mesh sieve;
in the step (4), the volume-to-mass ratio of the ethylene glycol aqueous solution to the fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex is 30 mL: 1g of a compound;
the drying method is spray drying, and the process conditions are as follows: heating inert gas for drying to 130 ℃, and setting the air outlet temperature to 90 ℃, wherein the pressure of the inert gas is 0.4MPa, and the flow rate is 90m3H; the inert gas is injected from the top through a two-fluid nozzle in the inlet direction of the spray drying equipment; the inert gas enters in parallel flow;
in the step (4), grinding and sieving by a 50-mesh sieve;
the feed enzyme preparation carrier is prepared by the method;
example 5:
the preparation method of the feed enzyme preparation carrier comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of fine defatted rice bran: adding the fine defatted rice bran, sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide into purified water with the weight ratio of 1:0.25:0.15, wherein the purified water is 4 times of the total weight of the rice bran, crushing and pulping, heating to 55 ℃, stirring for reaction for 2.5 hours, filtering, washing and drying for later use;
(2) dissolving chitosan in an acetic acid solution with the mass concentration of 18% to obtain a chitosan saturated solution, pouring the fine defatted rice bran pretreated in the step (1) into the chitosan saturated solution, crushing and pulping, performing 300W microwave treatment for 2 minutes, filtering, washing and drying to obtain a fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex for later use;
(3) mixing corn cob powder, fermented soybean meal, attapulgite, longan shell powder and hawthorn seed powder according to a mass ratio of 6: 2.5: 1.5: 1.5: 1.5, uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder;
(4) adding the fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex obtained in the step (2) and the mixed powder obtained in the step (3) into a glycol aqueous solution with the volume concentration of 45% according to the mass ratio of 1:0.55, heating to reflux and stirring for 5 hours, filtering, drying, grinding and sieving to obtain a feed enzyme preparation carrier;
wherein, in the step (1), the washing is purified water washing, and the drying is drying for 6 hours at 105 ℃;
in the step (2), the mass-to-volume ratio of the fine defatted rice bran to the chitosan saturated solution is 1 g: 5 mL; the washing is carried out by adopting purified water, and the drying is carried out for 7 hours at the temperature of 85 ℃;
in the step (3), the longan shell powder is obtained by crushing longan shells and sieving the crushed longan shells with a 50-mesh sieve; the hawthorn seed powder is obtained by crushing hawthorn seeds and sieving the crushed hawthorn seeds with a 50-mesh sieve;
in the step (4), the volume-to-mass ratio of the ethylene glycol aqueous solution to the fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex is 25 mL: 1g of a compound;
the drying method is spray dryingDrying under the following process conditions: heating inert gas for drying to 135 ℃, and setting the air outlet temperature to 85 ℃, wherein the pressure of the inert gas is 0.6MPa, and the flow rate is 80m3H; the inert gas is injected from the top through a two-fluid nozzle in the inlet direction of the spray drying equipment; the inert gas enters in parallel flow;
in the step (4), grinding and sieving by a 50-mesh sieve;
the feed enzyme preparation carrier is prepared by the method;
comparative example 1
The preparation method of the feed enzyme preparation carrier comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of fine defatted rice bran: adding the fine defatted rice bran and sodium hydroxide into purified water with the weight ratio of 1: 0.15, which is 4 times of the total weight, crushing and pulping, heating to 55 ℃, stirring and reacting for 2.5 hours, filtering, washing and drying for later use;
(2) dissolving chitosan in an acetic acid solution with the mass concentration of 18% to obtain a chitosan saturated solution, pouring the fine defatted rice bran pretreated in the step (1) into the chitosan saturated solution, crushing and pulping, performing 300W microwave treatment for 2 minutes, filtering, washing and drying to obtain a fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex for later use;
(3) mixing corn cob powder, fermented soybean meal, attapulgite, longan shell powder and hawthorn seed powder according to a mass ratio of 6: 2.5: 1.5: 1.5: 1.5, uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder;
(4) adding the fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex obtained in the step (2) and the mixed powder obtained in the step (3) into a glycol aqueous solution with the volume concentration of 45% according to the mass ratio of 1:0.55, heating to reflux and stirring for 5 hours, filtering, drying, grinding and sieving to obtain a feed enzyme preparation carrier;
wherein, in the step (1), the washing is purified water washing, and the drying is drying for 6 hours at 105 ℃;
in the step (2), the mass-to-volume ratio of the fine defatted rice bran to the chitosan saturated solution is 1 g: 5 mL; the washing is carried out by adopting purified water, and the drying is carried out for 7 hours at the temperature of 85 ℃;
in the step (3), the longan shell powder is obtained by crushing longan shells and sieving the crushed longan shells with a 50-mesh sieve; the hawthorn seed powder is obtained by crushing hawthorn seeds and sieving the crushed hawthorn seeds with a 50-mesh sieve;
in the step (4), the volume-to-mass ratio of the ethylene glycol aqueous solution to the fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex is 25 mL: 1g of a compound;
the drying method is spray drying, and the process conditions are as follows: heating inert gas for drying to 135 ℃, and setting the air outlet temperature to 85 ℃, wherein the pressure of the inert gas is 0.6MPa, and the flow rate is 80m3H; the inert gas is injected from the top through a two-fluid nozzle in the inlet direction of the spray drying equipment; the inert gas enters in parallel flow;
in the step (4), grinding and sieving by a 50-mesh sieve;
the feed enzyme preparation carrier is prepared by the method;
comparative example 2
The preparation method of the feed enzyme preparation carrier comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of fine defatted rice bran: adding the fine defatted rice bran, sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide into purified water with the weight ratio of 1:0.25:0.15, wherein the purified water is 4 times of the total weight of the rice bran, crushing and pulping, heating to 55 ℃, stirring for reaction for 2.5 hours, filtering, washing and drying for later use;
(2) mixing corn cob powder, fermented soybean meal, attapulgite, longan shell powder and hawthorn seed powder according to a mass ratio of 6: 2.5: 1.5: 1.5: 1.5, uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder;
(3) adding the fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex obtained in the step (1) and the mixed powder obtained in the step (2) into a glycol aqueous solution with the volume concentration of 45% according to the mass ratio of 1:0.55, heating to reflux and stirring for 5 hours, filtering, drying, grinding and sieving to obtain a feed enzyme preparation carrier;
wherein, in the step (1), the washing is purified water washing, and the drying is drying for 6 hours at 105 ℃;
in the step (2), the longan shell powder is obtained by crushing longan shells and sieving the crushed longan shells with a 50-mesh sieve; the hawthorn seed powder is obtained by crushing hawthorn seeds and sieving the crushed hawthorn seeds with a 50-mesh sieve;
in the step (3), the volume-to-mass ratio of the ethylene glycol aqueous solution to the fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex is 25 mL: 1g of a compound;
the drying method is spray drying, and the process conditions are as follows: heating inert gas for drying to 135 ℃, and setting the air outlet temperature to 85 ℃, wherein the pressure of the inert gas is 0.6MPa, and the flow rate is 80m3H; the inert gas is injected from the top through a two-fluid nozzle in the inlet direction of the spray drying equipment; the inert gas enters in parallel flow;
in the step (3), grinding and sieving by a 50-mesh sieve;
the feed enzyme preparation carrier is prepared by the method;
comparative example 3
The preparation method of the feed enzyme preparation carrier comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of fine defatted rice bran: adding the fine defatted rice bran, sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide into purified water with the weight ratio of 1:0.25:0.15, wherein the purified water is 4 times of the total weight of the rice bran, crushing and pulping, heating to 55 ℃, stirring for reaction for 2.5 hours, filtering, washing and drying for later use;
(2) dissolving chitosan in an acetic acid solution with the mass concentration of 18% to obtain a chitosan saturated solution, pouring the fine defatted rice bran pretreated in the step (1) into the chitosan saturated solution, crushing and pulping, performing 300W microwave treatment for 2 minutes, filtering, washing and drying to obtain a fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex for later use;
(3) mixing corn cob powder, fermented soybean meal, attapulgite and hawthorn seed powder according to a mass ratio of 6: 2.5: 1.5: 1.5, uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder;
(4) adding the fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex obtained in the step (2) and the mixed powder obtained in the step (3) into a glycol aqueous solution with the volume concentration of 45% according to the mass ratio of 1:0.55, heating to reflux and stirring for 5 hours, filtering, drying, grinding and sieving to obtain a feed enzyme preparation carrier;
wherein, in the step (1), the washing is purified water washing, and the drying is drying for 6 hours at 105 ℃;
in the step (2), the mass-to-volume ratio of the fine defatted rice bran to the chitosan saturated solution is 1 g: 5 mL; the washing is carried out by adopting purified water, and the drying is carried out for 7 hours at the temperature of 85 ℃;
in the step (3), the hawthorn seed powder is obtained by crushing hawthorn seeds and sieving the crushed hawthorn seeds with a 50-mesh sieve;
in the step (4), the volume-to-mass ratio of the ethylene glycol aqueous solution to the fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex is 25 mL: 1g of a compound;
the drying method is spray drying, and the process conditions are as follows: heating inert gas for drying to 135 ℃, and setting the air outlet temperature to 85 ℃, wherein the pressure of the inert gas is 0.6MPa, and the flow rate is 80m3H; the inert gas is injected from the top through a two-fluid nozzle in the inlet direction of the spray drying equipment; the inert gas enters in parallel flow;
in the step (4), grinding and sieving by a 50-mesh sieve;
the feed enzyme preparation carrier is prepared by the method;
comparative example 4
The preparation method of the feed enzyme preparation carrier comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of fine defatted rice bran: mixing the fine defatted rice bran, sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide according to a mass ratio of 1:0.25: 0.15: 1.5: 1.5 adding purified water of 4 times of the total weight, crushing and pulping, heating to 55 ℃, stirring and reacting for 2.5 hours, filtering, washing and drying for later use;
(2) dissolving chitosan in an acetic acid solution with the mass concentration of 18% to obtain a chitosan saturated solution, pouring the fine defatted rice bran pretreated in the step (1) into the chitosan saturated solution, crushing and pulping, performing 300W microwave treatment for 2 minutes, filtering, washing and drying to obtain a fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex for later use;
(3) mixing corn cob powder, fermented soybean meal, attapulgite and longan shell powder according to a mass ratio of 6: 2.5: 1.5: 1.5, uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder;
(4) adding the fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex obtained in the step (2) and the mixed powder obtained in the step (3) into a glycol aqueous solution with the volume concentration of 45% according to the mass ratio of 1:0.55, heating to reflux and stirring for 5 hours, filtering, drying, grinding and sieving to obtain a feed enzyme preparation carrier;
wherein, in the step (1), the washing is purified water washing, and the drying is drying for 6 hours at 105 ℃;
in the step (2), the mass-to-volume ratio of the fine defatted rice bran to the chitosan saturated solution is 1 g: 5 mL; the washing is carried out by adopting purified water, and the drying is carried out for 7 hours at the temperature of 85 ℃;
in the step (3), the longan shell powder is obtained by crushing longan shells and sieving the crushed longan shells with a 50-mesh sieve;
in the step (4), the volume-to-mass ratio of the ethylene glycol aqueous solution to the fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex is 25 mL: 1g of a compound;
the drying method is spray drying, and the process conditions are as follows: heating inert gas for drying to 135 ℃, and setting the air outlet temperature to 85 ℃, wherein the pressure of the inert gas is 0.6MPa, and the flow rate is 80m3H; the inert gas is injected from the top through a two-fluid nozzle in the inlet direction of the spray drying equipment; the inert gas enters in parallel flow;
in the step (4), grinding and sieving by a 50-mesh sieve;
the feed enzyme preparation carrier is prepared by the method;
test examples
The carriers of examples 1-5 or comparative examples 1-4 are used for carrying out amylase loading tests, and the specific method comprises the following steps: carrying out constant-temperature ultrasonic oscillation on a beta-amylase solution and 10mL of phosphate buffer solution with the pH value of 8 at 25 ℃ for 2 hours until the carrier is saturated by adsorption, and investigating the loading capacity of the carrier of examples 1-5 or comparative examples 2-3 on the amylase, wherein the results are shown in Table 1;
TABLE 1 comparison of Carrier Loading
As can be seen from Table 1, the chitosan compounding step (2) is omitted in the comparative example 2, the longan shell powder is omitted in the comparative example 3, the amylase loading amount of the carrier is obviously reduced compared with that of the carrier in the examples 1-5, and the adsorption performance of the invention is obviously better;
the above-mentioned carrier saturated with adsorption was stored at room temperature (25 ℃, 40% RH) for 3 months, and the enzyme activity was examined, and the results are shown in table 2;
TABLE 2 comparison of enzyme Activity
As can be seen from Table 2, sodium carbonate is omitted in the pretreatment step of the fine defatted rice bran of the comparative example 1, chitosan compounding in the step (2) is omitted in the comparative example 2, hawthorn seed powder is omitted in the comparative example 4, the enzyme activity is obviously poor, longan shell powder is omitted in the comparative example 3, the enzyme activity is slightly poor, and the carrier of the examples 1 to 5 can effectively protect the activity of the enzyme preparation;
it will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof; the present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein;
furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of a feed enzyme preparation carrier is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of fine defatted rice bran: adding the fine defatted rice bran, sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide into purified water which is 3-5 times of the total weight of the fine defatted rice bran, the sodium carbonate and the sodium hydroxide together according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.2-0.3: 0.1-0.2, crushing and pulping, heating to 50-60 ℃, stirring for reaction for 2-3 hours, filtering, washing and drying for later use;
(2) dissolving chitosan in an acetic acid solution with the mass concentration of 15-20% to obtain a chitosan saturated solution, pouring the fine defatted rice bran pretreated in the step (1) into the chitosan saturated solution, crushing and pulping, performing microwave treatment at 150-300W for 2-3 minutes, filtering, washing and drying to obtain a fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex for later use; the mass-volume ratio of the fine defatted rice bran to the chitosan saturated solution is 1 g: 4-6 mL;
(3) mixing corn cob powder, fermented soybean meal, attapulgite, longan shell powder and hawthorn seed powder according to a mass ratio of 6: 2-3: 1-2: 1-2: 1-2, uniformly mixing to obtain mixed powder;
(4) adding the fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex obtained in the step (2) and the mixed powder obtained in the step (3) into a glycol aqueous solution with the volume concentration of 40-50% according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.5-0.6, heating to reflux and stirring for 5-6 hours, filtering, drying, grinding and sieving to obtain a feed enzyme preparation carrier;
the volume-mass ratio of the ethylene glycol aqueous solution to the fine defatted rice bran-chitosan complex is 20-30 mL: 1g of the total weight of the composition.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the washing is performed by using purified water, and the drying is performed by drying at 100-110 ℃ for 5-8 hours.
3. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein in the step (2), the washing is performed by using purified water, and the drying is performed by drying at 80 to 90 ℃ for 6 to 8 hours.
4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein the longan shell powder in the step (3) is obtained by pulverizing longan shell and sieving with a 50-mesh sieve.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the hawthorn seed powder is prepared by pulverizing hawthorn seeds and sieving the pulverized hawthorn seeds with a 50-mesh sieve.
6. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), the drying method is spray drying, and the process conditions are as follows: heating inert gas for drying to 130-140 ℃, and setting the air outlet temperature to 80-90 ℃, wherein the pressure of the inert gas is 0.4-0.8 MPa, and the flow rate is 70-90 m3/h。
7. A feed enzyme preparation carrier prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
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| JP5105278B2 (en) * | 2007-07-17 | 2012-12-26 | 富士紡ホールディングス株式会社 | Magnetic chitosan-based enzyme immobilization carrier and method for producing the same |
| CN102266004A (en) * | 2011-08-10 | 2011-12-07 | 江西金农生物科技有限公司 | Edible defatted rice bran and preparation method thereof |
| CN103352064B (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2015-06-17 | 天津大学 | Method for preparing corn protein active peptide by using composite carrier immobilized double enzymes |
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| CN106929501B (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2022-07-05 | 丰益(上海)生物技术研发中心有限公司 | Lipase immobilization carrier, immobilized lipase, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN107129980B (en) * | 2017-05-08 | 2020-01-10 | 云南博仕奥生物技术有限公司 | Feed protease preparation preservation carrier and preparation method and application thereof |
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