CN107641024A - A kind of substrate soil for serike on vertical greening wall and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

A kind of substrate soil for serike on vertical greening wall and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN107641024A
CN107641024A CN201711027171.3A CN201711027171A CN107641024A CN 107641024 A CN107641024 A CN 107641024A CN 201711027171 A CN201711027171 A CN 201711027171A CN 107641024 A CN107641024 A CN 107641024A
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parts
soil
added
fertilizer
substrate soil
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谢英赞
王朝英
刘杨
杨永波
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Chongqing Green Land Agriculture And Forestry Technology Co Ltd
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Chongqing Green Land Agriculture And Forestry Technology Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of substrate soil for serike on vertical greening wall and preparation method thereof, including following components, cottonseed cake, wood sawdust, mushroom discard bacterium bag, loose scale, decomposed manure, vermiculite, peanut shell, microballoon water conservation and delay fertile agent, microsphere sustained-release agricultural chemicals, plant ash, soddy soil and actinomyces；During preparation, turfy soil, cottonseed cake, wood sawdust, loose scale, peanut shell and actinomyces are added in stirring pool, add the water of gross mass 1 2%, in heap fermentation 35 days, obtain mixture A；A2：Discarded in mushroom and bactericidal agent is added in bacterium bag, stirred, accumulate 24 48h；A3：In mixture A, add mushroom and discard bacterium bag, ferment 35 days, obtain mixture B；A4：In mixture B, add decomposed manure, vermiculite, microballoon water conservation and delay fertile agent, microsphere sustained-release agricultural chemicals, plant ash and soddy soil, obtain substrate soil.The present invention can overcome retain water and nutrients ability in the prior art, and pest and disease damage is more, from nutrition ability the problem of.

Description

A kind of substrate soil for serike on vertical greening wall and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to gardens technical field of cultivation, more particularly to a kind of matrix for serike on vertical greening wall Soil and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
At present, in order to improve urban ecological environment, the needs of the per capita green area in cities and towns etc., roof garden, room are increased The construction plan into city that top is afforested, roof is raised flowers, design and construction scope.China is in roof greening field also in development Stage, and roof garden, roof greening are one part of vertical planting built；The vertical planting of building refers to profit With the space structure of building, plantation greening is carried out to its each position as far as possible, i.e., the wall of building, post, roof, balcony, balcony, Balcony, cornice, door, window, stair and the bridge in structures, road, tunnel portal, retaining wall etc. carry out plantation greening.
The vertical planting of wall just be unable to do without the substrate soil of cultivating green plants, because the retain water and nutrients energy of three-dimensional green wall Power is poor, so proposing strict demand to the substrate soil of cultivated plant：1st, substrate soil allows for meeting seedling development A variety of mineral nutritions, loose ventilation, retain water and nutrients ability is strong, no disease and pests harm, and itself should also have necessarily from nutritional capacity, The characteristic of nutrition composition in air can be adsorbed, draws foster seedling growth；2nd, substrate soil it is also desirable to have stability and continuation, Avoid substrate soil that avalanche, erosion etc. occurs because of the change of the environment such as temperature, influence environmental beauty and safety.It is but current vertical Above-mentioned requirement can't be fully achieved in the substrate soil of body greening, therefore, it is necessary to being badly in need of one kind at present can be used in vertical planting The substrate soil of serike solves existing problem on wall.
The content of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of substrate soil and its system for serike on vertical greening wall Preparation Method, retain water and nutrients ability in the prior art can be overcome, pest and disease damage is more, from nutrition ability the problem of.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem by following technological means：
A kind of substrate soil for serike on vertical greening wall, including following components, cottonseed cake, wood sawdust, mushroom Discarded bacterium bag, loose scale, decomposed manure, vermiculite, peanut shell, microballoon water conservation delay fertile agent, microsphere sustained-release agricultural chemicals, plant ash, grass Carbon soil and actinomyces.
Further, the mass fraction of each component is cottonseed cake 3-5 parts in the substrate soil, wood sawdust 3-6 parts, mushroom give up Abandon bacterium bag 10-15 parts, loose scale 2-3 parts, decomposed manure 20-30 parts, vermiculite 10-13 parts, peanut shell 2-3 parts, microballoon water conservation Delay fertile agent 5-9 parts, microsphere sustained-release agricultural chemicals 1-2 parts, plant ash 3-5 parts, soddy soil 50-60 parts, actinomyces 1-2 parts.
Further, the mass fraction of each component is 4 parts of cottonseed cake, 5 parts of wood sawdust, the discarded bacterium of mushroom in the substrate soil 13 parts of bag, 2.5 parts of loose scale, 25 parts of decomposed manure, 12 parts of vermiculite, 2.5 parts of peanut shell, microballoon water conservation delay fertile 7 parts of agent, micro- 1.5 parts of ball sustained-release pesticides, 4 parts of plant ash, 55 parts of soddy soil, 1.5 parts of actinomyces.
Further, the microballoon water conservation delays comprising nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer in fertile agent, and the wherein composition of nitrogenous fertilizer is CO (NH2)2, the composition of phosphate fertilizer is P2O5, the composition of potash fertilizer is K2SO4。
A kind of preparation method for the substrate soil of serike on vertical greening wall, comprise the following steps：
A1：Turfy soil, cottonseed cake, wood sawdust, loose scale, peanut shell and actinomyces are added in stirring pool, in 30-40r/ Stirred under min rotating speed, then under stirring, add gross mass 1-2% water, after being again stirring for uniformly, in 40-45 Heap fermentation 3-5 days in the environment of DEG C, obtain mixture A；
A2：Discarded in mushroom and bactericidal agent is added in bacterium bag, stirred, accumulate 24-48h, bacterium bag sterilizing is discarded to mushroom；
A3：In the mixture A that finishes of step A1 fermentations, add it is sterilized in step A2 after mushroom discard bacterium bag, then Fermented 3-5 days in the environment of 40-45 DEG C, obtain mixture B；
A4：In mixture B, add decomposed manure, vermiculite, microballoon water conservation and delay fertile agent, microsphere sustained-release agricultural chemicals, plant ash And soddy soil, stir, obtain substrate soil.
Further, the preparation method of the microsphere sustained-release agricultural chemicals, comprises the following steps,
B1：By mass fraction, acetum 100-120 parts of 1% concentration are taken, in 300-400r/min stirring Under, the chitosan of 100-120 parts is added, after being sufficiently stirred, is placed in 25-30 DEG C of room temperature aquation 1-2h；
B2：Take 18-20 parts 0.3-0.6mol/L FeCl3Solution is diluted with water to three times volume, under fast stirring 100-120 parts 0.25mol/L NaOH solution is added dropwise, polyaluminium ferrous solution is made；
B3：By the chitosan solution in step B1, under stirring, the polyaluminium ferrous solution that is added in step B2 In, it is thoroughly mixed, cures 1-2h, obtain chitosan-polyaluminium ferrous solution；
B4：Take chitosan-polyaluminium ferrous solution 100-120 parts in step B3, O, O- dimethyl-O- (2,2- bis- Chlorovinyl) phosphate 100-120 parts, both are sufficiently stirred 10-15min under 2000-3000r/min rotating speed, obtain O, O- dimethyl-O- (2,2- dichloroethylenes) phosphate-chitosan-polyaluminium ferrous solution；
B5：By mass fraction, 5-8 part sodium alginates are taken to be dissolved in 400-500 parts of deionized water, and at 20-25 DEG C Stirring 1-2h at room temperature, then at 20-25 DEG C at room temperature, under 500-1000r/min stirring add 50-60 parts Phosphate buffer, obtain mixed liquor a；
B6：500-1000r/min stirrings, 20-25 DEG C at room temperature, added in mixed liquor a in step B4 O, O- dimethyl-O- (2,2- dichloroethylene) phosphate-chitosan-polyaluminium ferrous solution, is sufficiently stirred 1-2h, is mixed Close liquid b；
B7：Mixed liquor b is added drop-wise to the CaCl that mass fraction is 6-7%2In solution, stir, with filtered through gauze, take Go out microballoon, obtain microsphere sustained-release agricultural chemicals.
Further, the microballoon water conservation delays the preparation method of fertile agent, comprises the following steps,
C1：The water that mass fraction is 400-500 parts is added in stirring container, then adds 100- under stirring 120 parts of bentonite, after bentonite stirs, the acrylic acid of 10-20 parts is added, stirs, obtains mixed liquor c；
C2：In the environment of 0-3 DEG C of temperature, liquid c is stirred, and while stirring, added into mixed liquor c NaOH solution, until mixed liquor c pH value is 6.5-7.5；
C3:In mixed liquor c after being neutralized to step C2, under stirring, the third of mass fraction 100-120 parts is added Acrylamide and the slow-release fertilizer of 60-80 parts, are uniformly mixing to obtain mixed liquor d；
C4:In the environment of 0-3 DEG C of temperature, the initiator ammonium sulfate that mass fraction 10-12 parts are added into mixed liquor d is molten Liquid, stir, after solution becomes sticky, reaction 12-24h is carried out in the environment of 50-60 DEG C of temperature, obtain block solidifying Glue；
C5:Block gel in step C4 is crushed and is granulated, 12-24h is dried in the environment of 70-90 DEG C, obtains microballoon Water conservation delays fertile agent.
Further, the preparation method of the slow-release fertilizer, comprises the following steps,
D1:By mass fraction, the CO (NH of 11-13 parts are taken2)2, 7-9 parts P2O5With the K of 13-16 parts2SO4, add 100 parts Water in, be sufficiently stirred and be uniformly dissolved, obtain composite fertilizer dilution；
D2, composite fertilizer's dilution in step D1 is placed at a temperature of -5 DEG C to -10 DEG C into 2-3h frosts is solid, so Crush and sieved in the screen cloth of 0 DEG C of diameter 2mm round sieve used below afterwards, obtain composite fertilizer's frost particle；
D3:By mass fraction, the polyamide powder of 20-30 parts is taken, is fully dried, what then addition step D2 was obtained answers Hefei frost particle is placed in polyamide, is sufficiently stirred, and is sieved using the screen cloth of diameter 3mm round sieves, is obtained slow-release fertilizer.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
(1), the present invention discards bacterium bag, loose scale, peanut shell by adding cottonseed cake, wood sawdust, mushroom in substrate soil Deng organic matter and actinomyces, for plant in growth course, actinomyces can gradually corrode these organic matters, long-acting to matrix Soil release plant needed for growth element, substrate soil it is strong from trophicity；
(2), the present invention delays fertile agent and microsphere sustained-release agricultural chemicals by adding microballoon water conservation in substrate soil, and plant was growing Cheng Zhong, microballoon water conservation delay the purpose that fertile agent can not only play water conservation, it is also possible that in growing process, can continue The irrigation for the fertilizer that slow-release fertilizer discharges is obtained, plant growing way is good, and what microsphere sustained-release agricultural chemicals can continue discharges agriculture to substrate soil Medicine, the bacterium in substrate soil is killed, pest and disease damage is few in growing process；
(3), microsphere sustained-release Pesticide use O, O- dimethyl-O- (2,2- dichloroethylenes) phosphate-shell of the invention gathers Sugar-polyaluminium ferrous solution, O therein, O- dimethyl-O- (2,2- dichloroethylene) phosphate can not only kill substrate soil In bacterium, chitosan-poly-ferric chloride can also to sustained release out O, O- dimethyl-O- (2,2- dichloroethylene) phosphoric acid Ester is degraded, and can prevent O, pollution of O- dimethyl-O- (2, the 2- dichloroethylene) phosphates to environment；
(4), slow-release fertilizer of the invention is coated out first using equal particle diameter composite fertilizer frost particle using polyamide powder The slow-release fertilizer of equal particle diameter, the uniform particle sizes of slow-release fertilizer, and uniform wall thickness, in the growth course of plant, fertilizer release is uniform, And the long-time growth of the time length of release, more conducively plant, it is not necessary to regular to be applied fertilizer to growing plants, management letter It is single.
Embodiment
Now will the present invention is described in detail with the following Examples, wherein the Plants selection Herba Funariae Hygrometricae planted, plantation Area is 5 square metres, specific parameter such as following table：
The parameter list of substrate soil in the embodiment 1- embodiments 8 of table 1 and preparation method thereof
Embodiment 1：
A kind of substrate soil for serike on vertical greening wall, the quality of each component is cottonseed cake in substrate soil 4kg, wood sawdust 5kg, mushroom discard bacterium bag 13kg, loose scale 2.5kg, decomposed manure 25kg, vermiculite 12kg, peanut shell 2.5kg, microballoon water conservation delay fertile agent 7kg, microsphere sustained-release agricultural chemicals 1.5kg, plant ash 4kg, soddy soil 55kg, actinomyces 1.5kg.
Wherein, the microballoon water conservation delays comprising nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer in fertile agent, and the wherein composition of nitrogenous fertilizer is CO (NH2)2, The composition of phosphate fertilizer is P2O5, the composition of potash fertilizer is K2SO4。
Wherein, the preparation method for the substrate soil of serike on vertical greening wall, comprises the following steps：
A1：Turfy soil, cottonseed cake, wood sawdust, loose scale, peanut shell and actinomyces are added in stirring pool, in 30-40r/ Stirred under min rotating speed, then under stirring, add the water of gross mass 1.5%, after being again stirring for uniformly, in 40-45 Heap fermentation 4 days in the environment of DEG C, obtain mixture A；
A2：Discarded in mushroom and bactericidal agent is added in bacterium bag, stirred, accumulate 36h, bacterium bag sterilizing is discarded to mushroom；
A3：In the mixture A that finishes of step A1 fermentations, add it is sterilized in step A2 after mushroom discard bacterium bag, then Fermented 4 days in the environment of 40-45 DEG C, obtain mixture B；
A4：In mixture B, add decomposed manure, vermiculite, microballoon water conservation and delay fertile agent, microsphere sustained-release agricultural chemicals, plant ash And soddy soil, stir, obtain substrate soil.
Wherein, the preparation method of the microsphere sustained-release agricultural chemicals, comprises the following steps,
B1：By mass fraction, the acetum 110kg of 1% concentration is taken, under 300-400r/min stirring, is added Enter 110kg chitosan, after being sufficiently stirred, be placed in 25-30 DEG C of room temperature aquation 1.5h；
B2：Take 19kg0.45mol/L FeCl3Solution is diluted with water to three times volume, is added dropwise under fast stirring 110kg0.25mol/L NaOH solution, polyaluminium ferrous solution is made；
B3：By the chitosan solution in step B1, under stirring, the polyaluminium ferrous solution that is added in step B2 In, it is thoroughly mixed, cures 1.5h, obtain chitosan-polyaluminium ferrous solution；
B4：Take chitosan-polyaluminium ferrous solution 110kg, O in step B3, the O- dimethyl-O- (chloroethenes of 2,2- bis- Alkenyl) phosphate 110kg, both are sufficiently stirred 10-15min under 2000-3000r/min rotating speed, obtain O, O- dimethyl- O- (2,2- dichloroethylenes) phosphate-chitosan-polyaluminium ferrous solution；
B5：By quality kg numbers, 7kg sodium alginates are taken to be dissolved in 450kg deionized water, and in 20-25 DEG C of room temperature Lower stirring 1.5h, then at 20-25 DEG C at room temperature, 55kg phosphate-buffered is added under 800r/min stirring Liquid, obtain mixed liquor a；
B6：800r/min stirrings, 20-25 DEG C at room temperature, the O, O- added in mixed liquor a in step B4 Dimethyl-O- (2,2- dichloroethylene) phosphate-chitosan-polyaluminium ferrous solution, is sufficiently stirred 1-2h, obtains mixed liquor b；
B7：Mixed liquor b is added drop-wise to the CaCl that mass fraction is 6-7%2In solution, stir, with filtered through gauze, take Go out microballoon, obtain microsphere sustained-release agricultural chemicals.
Wherein, the microballoon water conservation delays the preparation method of fertile agent, comprises the following steps,
C1：The water that quality kg numbers are 450kg is added in stirring container, the swollen of 110kg is then added under stirring Profit soil, after bentonite stirs, adds 15kg acrylic acid, stirs, obtain mixed liquor c；
C2：In the environment of 0-3 DEG C of temperature, liquid c is stirred, and while stirring, added into mixed liquor c NaOH solution, until mixed liquor c pH value is 7；
C3:In mixed liquor c after being neutralized to step C2, under stirring, the third of quality kg numbers 100-120kg is added The slow-release fertilizer of acrylamide and 70kg, it is uniformly mixing to obtain mixed liquor d；
C4:In the environment of 0-3 DEG C of temperature, quality kg numbers 11kg initiator ammonium sulfate is added into mixed liquor d, Stir, after solution becomes sticky, carry out reaction 18h in the environment of 50-60 DEG C of temperature, obtain block gel；
C5:Block gel in step C4 is crushed and is granulated, 18h is dried in the environment of 80 DEG C, microballoon water conservation is obtained and delays Fertile agent.
Wherein, the preparation method of the slow-release fertilizer, comprises the following steps,
D1:By quality, 12kg CO (NH are taken2)2, 8kg P2O5With 14.5kg K2SO4, add in 100kg water, fill Divide stirring and dissolving uniform, obtain composite fertilizer's dilution；
D2, composite fertilizer's dilution in step D1 is placed at a temperature of -5 DEG C to -10 DEG C into 2-3h frosts is solid, so Crush and sieved in the screen cloth of 0 DEG C of diameter 2mm round sieve used below afterwards, obtain composite fertilizer's frost particle；
D3:By mass fraction, 25kg polyamide powder is taken, is fully dried, then addition step D2 is obtained compound Fertilizer frost particle is placed in polyamide, is sufficiently stirred, and is sieved using the screen cloth of diameter 3mm round sieves, is obtained slow-release fertilizer.
Embodiment 2：
Compared with Example 1, it differs only in the system that embodiment 2 carries out substrate soil according to the parameter of embodiment 2 in table 1 It is standby.
Embodiment 3：
Compared with Example 1, it differs only in the system that embodiment 3 carries out substrate soil according to the parameter of embodiment 3 in table 1 It is standby.
Embodiment 4：
Compared with Example 1, it differs only in the system that embodiment 4 carries out substrate soil according to the parameter of embodiment 4 in table 1 It is standby.
Embodiment 5：
Compared with Example 1, it differs only in the system that embodiment 5 carries out substrate soil according to the parameter of embodiment 5 in table 1 It is standby.
Embodiment 6：
Compared with Example 1, it differs only in the system that embodiment 6 carries out substrate soil according to the parameter of embodiment 6 in table 1 It is standby.
Embodiment 7：
Compared with Example 1, it differs only in the system that embodiment 7 carries out substrate soil according to the parameter of embodiment 7 in table 1 It is standby.
Embodiment 8：
Compared with Example 1, it differs only in the system that embodiment 8 carries out substrate soil according to the parameter of embodiment 8 in table 1 It is standby.
Comparative example：
Comparative example selects currently used substrate soil, is formulated as cottonseed cake 40kg, vinegar grain 15kg, potassium citrate 2.5kg, quartz powder 4.5kg, hydroxypropyl based polyamide 2.5kg, ammonium hydrogen carbonate 5kg, calcium formate 1.5kg, polyacrylamide 1kg, It is Radix Astragali 29kg, peanut shell 46kg, monoxone 0.35kg, sodium hydroxide powder 1.5kg, 2% potassium hydroxide solution 0.5kg, anhydrous Second amount 0.5kg, 30% aqueous isopropanol 0.5kg, appropriate amount of water.
According to the experiment of embodiment 1- embodiments 8, comparative example, to embodiment 1- embodiments 8 and comparative example Substrate soil plants Herba Funariae Hygrometricae, and respectively at interval of irrigation water on the 15th once, each irrigation volume 30kg, fertilising in every 6 months once, is applied fertilizer Fertilizer for nitrogenous fertilizer 3kg, phosphate fertilizer 2kg, potash fertilizer 3kg, plant 36 months, each stage allow 10 gardener respectively from growth speed The cucurbit that four degree, dense degree, leaf color, insect pest situation indexs are planted to embodiment 1- embodiments 8 and comparative example Moss is given a mark, and using the Herba Funariae Hygrometricae that embodiment 1 grows as reference, is allocated as according to 100 with reference to fraction, to implement to embodiment 1- The marking record data of example 8 and comparative example is as shown in table 2 below：
The growing state marking table of the embodiment 1- embodiments 8 of table 2 and comparative example in 36 months
The substrate soil for being used for serike on vertical greening wall of the present invention is can be seen that from the data of table 2, what it was planted Herba Funariae Hygrometricae, in the marking data of 10 gardener, the score of embodiment 1- embodiments 8 is above comparative example, wherein implementing The fraction highest of example 1, growing way is more preferable, and therefore, substrate soil of the invention has that retain water and nutrients ability is strong, and pest and disease damage is few, from nutrition The advantages of ability is strong.
Delay fertile agent to the microballoon water conservation in embodiment 1 below and carry out water retention property test, comprise the following steps that：
Microballoon water conservation is taken to delay fertile agent, it is 1.5g to weigh mass M 1, and the microballoon water conservation weighed is delayed into the clear water that fertile agent is put into 1L In, after placing 24 hours, take out the microballoon water conservation through swelling and delay fertile agent, it is 432g to weigh mass M 2, is calculated using formula To Water absorption P,Obtain the Water absorption that this microballoon water conservation delays fertile agentIt is and current Water-loss reducer Water absorption probably at 300-400 times, therefore, this microballoon water conservation delays fertile agent, and not only moisture-holding capacity is big, also has The function of slow release fertilizer.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention and it is unrestricted, although with reference to preferred embodiment to this hair It is bright to be described in detail, it will be understood by those within the art that, technical scheme can be modified Or equivalent substitution, without departing from the objective and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should cover the claim in the present invention Among scope.The present invention be not described in detail technology, shape, construction part be known technology.

Claims (8)

  1. A kind of 1. substrate soil for serike on vertical greening wall, it is characterised in that：Including following components, cottonseed cake, saw Wood chip, mushroom discard bacterium bag, loose scale, decomposed manure, vermiculite, peanut shell, microballoon water conservation delay fertile agent, microsphere sustained-release agricultural chemicals, Plant ash, soddy soil and actinomyces.
  2. A kind of 2. substrate soil for serike on vertical greening wall according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described The mass fraction of each component is cottonseed cake 3-5 parts, wood sawdust 3-6 parts, the discarded bacterium bag 10-15 parts of mushroom, loose squama in substrate soil Piece 2-3 parts, decomposed manure 20-30 parts, vermiculite 10-13 parts, peanut shell 2-3 parts, microballoon water conservation delays fertile agent 5-9 parts, microballoon delays Release agricultural chemicals 1-2 parts, plant ash 3-5 parts, soddy soil 50-60 parts, actinomyces 1-2 parts.
  3. A kind of 3. substrate soil for serike on vertical greening wall according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：It is described In substrate soil the mass fraction of each component be 4 parts of cottonseed cake, 5 parts of wood sawdust, mushroom discard 13 parts of bacterium bag, 2.5 parts of loose scale, 25 parts of decomposed manure, 12 parts of vermiculite, 2.5 parts of peanut shell, microballoon water conservation delay fertile 7 parts of agent, 1.5 parts of microsphere sustained-release agricultural chemicals, vegetation 4 parts of ash, 55 parts of soddy soil, 1.5 parts of actinomyces.
  4. A kind of 4. substrate soil for serike on vertical greening wall according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：It is described Microballoon water conservation delays comprising nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer in fertile agent, and the wherein composition of nitrogenous fertilizer is CO (NH2)2, the composition of phosphate fertilizer is P2O5, The composition of potash fertilizer is K2SO4。
  5. 5. a kind of preparation method for the substrate soil of serike on vertical greening wall according to claim 4, it is special Sign is：Comprise the following steps：
    A1：Turfy soil, cottonseed cake, wood sawdust, loose scale, peanut shell and actinomyces are added in stirring pool, in 30-40r/min Rotating speed under stir, then under stirring, gross mass 1-2% water is added, after being again stirring for uniformly, at 40-45 DEG C In the environment of heap fermentation 3-5 days, obtain mixture A；
    A2：Discarded in mushroom and bactericidal agent is added in bacterium bag, stirred, accumulate 24-48h, bacterium bag sterilizing is discarded to mushroom；
    A3：In the mixture A that finishes of step A1 fermentations, add it is sterilized in step A2 after mushroom discard bacterium bag, then in 40- Fermented 3-5 days in the environment of 45 DEG C, obtain mixture B；
    A4：In mixture B, add decomposed manure, vermiculite, microballoon water conservation and delay fertile agent, microsphere sustained-release agricultural chemicals, plant ash and grass Carbon soil, stirs, obtains substrate soil.
  6. 6. a kind of preparation method for the substrate soil of serike on vertical greening wall according to claim 5, it is special Sign is：The preparation method of the microsphere sustained-release agricultural chemicals, comprises the following steps,
    B1：By mass fraction, acetum 100-120 parts of 1% concentration are taken, under 300-400r/min stirring, are added Enter the chitosan of 100-120 parts, after being sufficiently stirred, be placed in 25-30 DEG C of room temperature aquation 1-2h；
    B2：Take 18-20 parts 0.3-0.6mol/L FeCl3Solution is diluted with water to three times volume, and 100- is added dropwise under agitation 120 parts of 0.25mol/L NaOH solution, polyaluminium ferrous solution is made；
    B3：By the chitosan solution in step B1, under stirring, it is added in the polyaluminium ferrous solution in step B2, It is thoroughly mixed, cures 1-2h, obtain chitosan-polyaluminium ferrous solution；
    B4：Take chitosan-polyaluminium ferrous solution 100-120 parts in step B3, O, O- dimethyl-O- (2,2- dichloroethylene Base) phosphate 100-120 parts, both are sufficiently stirred 10-15min under 2000-3000r/min rotating speed, obtain O, O- diformazans Base-O- (2,2- dichloroethylenes) phosphate-chitosan-polyaluminium ferrous solution；
    B5：By mass fraction, 5-8 part sodium alginates are taken to be dissolved in 400-500 parts of deionized water, and 20-25 DEG C of room The lower stirring 1-2h of temperature, then at 20-25 DEG C at room temperature, adds the phosphorus of 50-60 parts under 500-1000r/min stirring Phthalate buffer, obtain mixed liquor a；
    B6：500-1000r/min stirrings, 20-25 DEG C at room temperature, the O, O- added in mixed liquor a in step B4 Dimethyl-O- (2,2- dichloroethylene) phosphate-chitosan-polyaluminium ferrous solution, is sufficiently stirred 1-2h, obtains mixed liquor b；
    B7：Mixed liquor b is added drop-wise to the CaCl that mass fraction is 6-7%2In solution, stir, with filtered through gauze, take out micro- Ball, obtain microsphere sustained-release agricultural chemicals.
  7. 7. a kind of preparation method for the substrate soil of serike on vertical greening wall according to claim 6, it is special Sign is：The microballoon water conservation delays the preparation method of fertile agent, comprises the following steps,
    C1：The water that mass fraction is 400-500 parts is added in stirring container, 100-120 parts are then added under stirring Bentonite, after bentonite stirs, add 10-20 parts acrylic acid, stir, obtain mixed liquor c；
    C2：In the environment of 0-3 DEG C of temperature, liquid c is stirred, and while stirring, it is molten that NaOH is added into mixed liquor c Liquid, until mixed liquor c pH value is 6.5-7.5；
    C3:In mixed liquor c after being neutralized to step C2, under stirring, the acrylamide of mass fraction 100-120 parts is added With the slow-release fertilizer of 60-80 parts, mixed liquor d is uniformly mixing to obtain；
    C4:In the environment of 0-3 DEG C of temperature, the initiator ammonium sulfate of mass fraction 10-12 parts is added into mixed liquor d, Stir, after solution becomes sticky, carry out reaction 12-24h in the environment of 50-60 DEG C of temperature, obtain block gel；
    C5:Block gel in step C4 is crushed and is granulated, 12-24h is dried in the environment of 70-90 DEG C, obtains microballoon water conservation Delay fertile agent.
  8. 8. a kind of preparation method for the substrate soil of serike on vertical greening wall according to claim 7, it is special Sign is：The preparation method of the slow-release fertilizer, comprises the following steps,
    D1:By mass fraction, the CO (NH of 11-13 parts are taken2)2, 7-9 parts P2O5With the K of 13-16 parts2SO4, the water of 100 parts of addition In, it is sufficiently stirred and is uniformly dissolved, obtains composite fertilizer's dilution；
    D2, composite fertilizer's dilution in step D1 is placed at a temperature of -5 DEG C to -10 DEG C into 2-3h frosts is solid, then powder It is broken and in the screen cloth sieving of 0 DEG C of diameter 2mm round sieve used below, obtain composite fertilizer's frost particle；
    D3:By mass fraction, the polyamide powder of 20-30 parts is taken, is fully dried, then adds the composite fertilizer that step D2 is obtained Frost particle is placed in polyamide powder, is sufficiently stirred, and is sieved using the screen cloth of diameter 3mm round sieves, is obtained slow-release fertilizer.
CN201711027171.3A 2017-10-27 2017-10-27 A kind of substrate soil for serike on vertical greening wall and preparation method thereof Pending CN107641024A (en)

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