CN107624449B - Plant population microenvironment control device and method - Google Patents
Plant population microenvironment control device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107624449B CN107624449B CN201710706881.2A CN201710706881A CN107624449B CN 107624449 B CN107624449 B CN 107624449B CN 201710706881 A CN201710706881 A CN 201710706881A CN 107624449 B CN107624449 B CN 107624449B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
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Abstract
The invention provides a plant population microenvironment control device and method, the plant population microenvironment control device comprises: the box, first sensor case and dehumidification heat sink blow vent. The morphological structure of the plant population and the environmental parameters in the box body are detected through the sensor in the first sensor box, and the illumination intensity, the temperature and the humidity in the box body are adjusted by utilizing the effect that the surface of the box body is covered with the electrochromic material and the dehumidifier or the air conditioning fan according to the detection result. The plant population microenvironment control device can realize accurate control of the microenvironment of the plant population to be measured, including light environment, temperature and humidity, and the like, and simultaneously realize measurement of morphological structure, assimilation rate, light distribution and the like of the plant population on the premise of ensuring natural growth of the crop population to be measured when the crop population is not measured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural informatization, and particularly relates to a plant population microenvironment control device and method.
Background
Environmental factors for plant growth include light, temperature, moisture, heat, nutrients and air, which cannot be lacked in the life activities of plants. In agricultural production and scientific research, high-yield and high-efficiency production of agricultural crops is usually realized by regulating and controlling the environmental factors. Taking illumination as an example, the luminous environment is one of the indispensable important physical environmental factors for plant growth and development, and the control of plant morphogenesis through light quality regulation is an important technology in the field of agricultural informatization; sunlight is uncontrollable, so artificial supplementary lighting is more and more accepted in crop cultivation, and the artificial supplementary lighting can artificially control the growing season of plants and completely shorten the growing time of the plants. Therefore, the method realizes effective regulation and control of the various environmental factors and has important effects on agricultural crop production and scientific research. However, currently, the regulation and control of the factors are mostly carried out indoors or in facilities, and the regulation and control of a plurality of environmental factors in a field environment are difficult to realize.
People realize effective utilization of light energy by constructing facilities or indoor microenvironment, the most common mode is a climatic incubator which is high-precision cold and hot constant-temperature equipment with illumination and humidification functions, and an ideal climatic experimental environment is provided for researchers; the sunlight greenhouse, the multi-span greenhouse and the plastic greenhouse can also realize the control of the plant growth light environment, and the light supplement in the facility environment is realized mainly through a built-in light supplement lamp, and the light energy entering the facility is reduced through a shading curtain; a vertical open type automatic canopy assimilation box is characterized in that a box body is made of high-light-transmission materials, the controllable light environment of a crop canopy under the field condition is achieved, and canopy light and speed are measured by combining with measurement of parameter changes such as carbon dioxide concentration.
The artificial climate incubator is an indoor controllable light environment device, is only suitable for experiments of tiny plants or early growth of plants, and has certain difference with actual growth conditions of crops in a field; the growth conditions of crops in the facility environment are still different from the growth conditions of field crops, and the facility environment is large, so that high-precision environment control of a certain microenvironment is difficult to realize; a vertical open type automatic canopy assimilation box can only realize the assimilation rate measurement of plant groups at a designated position, can not realize autonomous control over a light environment, and depends on the changes of box body material light transmission and a natural light environment. Although the upper part of the assimilation box is provided with the ventilation device, and the light transmittance of the box body material is higher, the plants in the box body still have differences from the natural environment in the aspects of illumination, temperature, moisture, ventilation and the like, the growth and development state of the plants growing in the box body for a long time can be influenced to a certain extent, and the differences from the growth of the crops in the natural environment exist.
Disclosure of Invention
To at least partially overcome the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a plant population microenvironment control apparatus and method.
According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a plant population microenvironment control apparatus comprising: the box body, the first sensor box and the dehumidifying and cooling device vent; the front, the back, the left and the right of the box body and the upper surface are closed, and the lower surface is empty; the first sensor box is arranged on the upper surface inside the box body, and a sensor is arranged inside the first sensor box and used for detecting the illumination intensity, the temperature and the humidity and the carbon dioxide concentration of the plant population; the surface of the box body is covered with an electrochromic material for changing the illumination intensity inside the box body; the dehumidification heat sink blow vent is arranged on the side of the box body and used for changing the temperature and the humidity inside the box body.
Wherein, still include: lifting and placing the connecting unit and the moving device; wherein the lifting and placing connection unit is arranged at the top of the box body; the moving device is connected with the lifting and placing connecting unit; the moving device is used for lifting and placing the box body.
The system comprises a first sensor box, a second sensor box, a third sensor box, a fourth sensor box, a fifth sensor box and a sixth sensor box, wherein the first sensor box is internally provided with a first photosynthetically active radiation sensor, a gas temperature and humidity sensor, an image sensor, a hyperspectral sensor, a multispectral sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor and a carbon dioxide concentration sensor; wherein the first photosynthetically active radiation sensor is configured to detect an intensity of illumination of an upper portion of the population of plants; the gas temperature and humidity sensor is used for detecting the temperature and the humidity in the box body; the image sensor is used for detecting an image of the plant population; the hyperspectral sensor and the multispectral sensor are used for acquiring spectral data and imaging spectral image data of the plant population; the atmospheric pressure sensor is used for detecting the atmospheric pressure in the box body; and the carbon dioxide concentration sensor is used for detecting the concentration of carbon dioxide in the box body.
Wherein, still include: the device comprises a light supplement lamp, a side image acquisition unit and a gas mixing device; the light supplementing lamp is arranged inside the box body and used for supplementing light to plant groups in the box body; the side image acquisition unit is arranged on one side surface inside the box body and used for acquiring the side image of the plant population. The gas blending device is arranged on one side surface in the box body and comprises a fan and an air duct; the fan is arranged at an air inlet of the air duct.
Wherein, still include: the photosynthetic active radiation sensor comprises a sliding support rod, a slidable photosynthetic active radiation sensor and a second sensor box; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the second sensor box is arranged on the upper surface of the outer part of the box body, and a second photosynthetically active radiation sensor and a gas temperature and humidity sensor are arranged in the second sensor box;
the second photosynthetically active radiation sensor is used for measuring the illumination intensity outside the box body;
and the gas temperature and humidity sensor is used for measuring the temperature and the humidity outside the box body.
The sliding support rod is vertically arranged on the frame inside the box body;
the slidable photosynthetically active radiation sensor slides up and down on the sliding support rod and is used for detecting the illumination intensity of the plant population.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of controlling the microenvironment of a plant population, comprising: measuring to obtain the illumination intensity inside the box body by using a first photosynthetically active radiation sensor arranged inside a first sensor box, and adjusting the illumination intensity inside the box body by adjusting the color of an electrochromic material covered on the box body, wherein the first sensor box is arranged inside the box body; the temperature and the humidity inside the box are measured by using a gas temperature and humidity sensor arranged inside the first sensor box, and the ventilation pipes of the dehumidifier or the air-conditioning fan enter the inside of the box through the ventilation port of the dehumidification cooling device to adjust the temperature and the humidity inside the box.
Wherein, still include: the moving device is connected with a lifting and placing connecting unit arranged at the top of the box body; and lifting and placing the position of the box body through the moving device.
Wherein, still include: the side image acquisition unit is arranged in the box body, and is used for shooting an image sequence of a plant population in the process of descending the box body at a constant speed, splicing the image sequence into a side image of the plant population, extracting a highest point based on an image extraction method, and calculating the plant height by combining resolution; acquiring a three-dimensional image through the side image and the plant height of the plant population and the plant population image acquired through an image sensor, a hyperspectral sensor and a multispectral sensor which are arranged in the first sensor box, and extracting a three-dimensional skeleton of the plant population based on the three-dimensional image; and generating a three-dimensional model of the plant population based on the three-dimensional skeleton by combining an organ template in a plant three-dimensional visual resource library and a skeleton-driven grid deformation method.
Wherein, still include: measuring photosynthetically active radiation at different heights in the box body by utilizing a sliding support rod and a slidable photosynthetically active radiation sensor which are arranged in the box body; measuring the illumination intensity of the upper part of the plant population by using the first photosynthetically active radiation sensor, and calculating the photosynthetically active radiation distribution of different positions in the plant population based on a three-dimensional light distribution calculation method in the plant population; and based on the photosynthetic effective radiation measuring values at different positions, the calibration of the distribution simulation of the photosynthetic effective radiation in the plant population is realized.
Wherein, still include: acquiring an image of a plant population in the box body through an image sensor, a hyperspectral sensor and a multispectral sensor which are arranged in the first sensor box, and extracting the coverage of the plant population in the box body by combining an image segmentation method; CO based on plant population inside the box2Concentration change, atmospheric pressure change, humidity change, box volume, temperature in the box and the plant group(ii) volume coverage, measuring photosynthetic rate of the plant population; and acquiring a light response curve of the plant population based on the illumination intensity in the box body and the photosynthetic rate of the plant population.
In summary, the present invention provides a plant population microenvironment control device, which detects morphological structures of plant populations and environmental parameters inside a box body through a sensor inside a first sensor box, and adjusts the illumination intensity, temperature and humidity inside the box body by utilizing the effect of the box body surface covered with electrochromic material and a dehumidifier or an air conditioning fan according to the detection result. The plant population microenvironment control device can realize accurate control of the microenvironment of the plant population to be measured, including light environment, temperature and humidity, and the like, and simultaneously realize measurement of morphological structure, assimilation rate, light distribution and the like of the plant population on the premise of ensuring natural growth of the crop population to be measured when the crop population is not measured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a plant population microenvironment control device according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a plant population microenvironment control device according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, including: the box body 1, the first sensor box 6 and the dehumidifying and cooling device vent 5; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the front, the back, the left and the right of the box body 1 and the upper surface are closed, and the lower surface is empty;
the first sensor box 6 is arranged on the upper surface inside the box body 1, and a sensor is arranged inside the first sensor box 6 and used for detecting the illumination intensity, the temperature and the humidity and the carbon dioxide concentration of the plant population;
the surface of the box body 1 is covered with an electrochromic material for changing the illumination intensity inside the box body 1;
the dehumidifying and cooling device vent 5 is arranged on the side surface of the box body 1 and is used for changing the temperature and the humidity inside the box body 1;
the box body 1 may be a cube or a rectangular parallelepiped, and preferably, a cube is selected in the present embodiment. The material of the box body 1 is light weight material, such as aluminum alloy, etc., so as to ensure that the whole box body 1 has small mass and is easy to move.
Wherein, the height of the box body 1 is determined according to the height of the plant to be detected.
Wherein, the dehumidification cooling device air vent 5 is arranged on one side of the box body 1, which can be four surfaces of the box body 1, preferably, the dehumidification cooling device air vent 5 is arranged on the front surface of the box body 1.
Among them, the electrochromic is a phenomenon in which optical properties (reflectivity, transmittance, absorption, etc.) of a material undergo a stable and reversible color change under the action of an applied electric field, and is visually represented as a reversible change in color and transparency. Materials having electrochromic properties are referred to as electrochromic materials, and devices made with electrochromic materials are referred to as electrochromic devices.
The ventilation port 5 of the dehumidifying and cooling device is a transparent cover, and is closed at ordinary times, when the interior of the box body 1 needs to be dehumidified or cooled, the cover is opened, and the ventilation pipe of the dehumidifier or the air-conditioning fan extends into the interior of the box body 1 from the position.
Specifically, the illumination intensity, the temperature and the humidity and the carbon dioxide concentration of the plant population are detected through a sensor arranged in a first sensor box 6 fixed on the upper surface in the box body 1; according to the detection result of the sensor, the illumination intensity and the temperature and humidity in the box body 1 can be correspondingly adjusted, and when the illumination intensity does not meet the requirement, the illumination intensity in the box body 1 is changed by covering the surface of the box body 1 with an electrochromic material; when the temperature and the humidity do not meet the requirements, the power supply of the dehumidifier or the air-conditioning fan is turned on, the vent 5 of the dehumidifying and cooling device is opened, and the air exchange pipe of the dehumidifier or the air-conditioning fan is conveyed into the box body 1 to change the temperature and the humidity in the box body 1.
The embodiment provides a plant population microenvironment control device, which detects plant populations through a sensor in a first sensor box, and adjusts the illumination intensity, temperature and humidity in a box body by utilizing the effect that the surface of the box body is covered with an electrochromic material and a dehumidifier or an air conditioning fan according to the detection result. The plant population microenvironment control device can realize accurate control of the microenvironment of the plant population to be measured on the premise of ensuring the natural growth of the crop population to be measured when the crop population is not measured.
In another embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of the above embodiment, the method further includes: lifting and placing the connection unit 8 and the moving means; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the lifting and placing connection unit 8 is arranged at the top of the box body 1;
the moving device is connected with the lifting and placing connecting unit 8;
the moving device is used for lifting and placing the box body 1.
Preferably, a total of 4 lifting and placing connection units 8 are arranged at the middle positions of four sides of the top of the box body 1.
Wherein, the mobile device of box 1 has following three kinds:
mechanical movement of the track: a transmission track is built on the upper part of a crop group to be measured, and a reinforcing device is arranged on the periphery of the track to ensure the stability of the track; the height of the track is 2 times greater than that of the box body; the movable telescopic device is arranged on the rail, the bottom of the telescopic device is used for being connected with the lifting and placing connecting unit 8 of the box body 1, the lifting and placing of the rail are achieved through the telescopic device, the box body 1 is moved on the rail through the telescopic device after being lifted, and the box body 1 is moved and placed between different measuring positions.
Vehicle-mounted lifting movement: the lifting and placing of the box body 1 and the moving and placing between different measuring positions are realized by utilizing the vehicle with the function of lifting articles and connecting the vehicle-mounted lifter with the box body 1.
Unmanned aerial vehicle hoist and mount formula removes: utilize heavy load unmanned aerial vehicle, be equipped with 3-4 (guarantee that box 1 is promoted or stability when placing) telescopic connecting device, the bottom is used for connecting box 1's promotion and places the linkage unit, realizes box 1's promotion, places and the removal and the placing between the different measuring position.
The embodiment provides a plant population microenvironment control device, one box body can realize the measurement of a plurality of positions, the number of related sensors is reduced, and when the measurement is carried out on a plurality of positions, the hardware cost is reduced to a certain extent; when the box body is not used for measurement, the box body is not placed above the plant group to be measured, so that the influence of the box body on the growth of crops caused by factors such as light, temperature, air heat and the like is avoided, and the natural growth environment of the plant group to be measured is ensured.
Preferably, the sides of the bottom of the box 1 have sharp edges;
the top of the box body 1 is provided with a hydraulic device 10, and the hydraulic device 10 is used for pressing the bottom of the box body 1 into soil.
Preferably, the bottom of the cabinet 1 has four sides each having a sharp edge.
Preferably, four corners of the top of the box 1 are respectively provided with a hydraulic device 10, wherein the hydraulic device 10 is an electric hydraulic device.
Preferably, after the box 1 is put down, the lower part of the box 1 is put into the soil layer by 10-20cm through the hydraulic device 10, thereby avoiding the air flow at the bottom of the box.
In another embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of the above embodiment, a first photosynthetically active radiation sensor, a gas temperature and humidity sensor, an image sensor, a hyperspectral sensor, a multispectral sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, and a carbon dioxide concentration sensor are arranged inside the first sensor box 6; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first photosynthetically active radiation sensor is used for detecting the illumination intensity of the upper part of the plant population;
the gas temperature and humidity sensor is used for detecting the temperature and the humidity in the box body 1;
the image sensor is used for detecting an image of the plant population;
the hyperspectral sensor and the multispectral sensor are used for acquiring spectral data and imaging spectral image data of the plant population;
the atmospheric pressure sensor is used for detecting the atmospheric pressure in the box body 1;
the carbon dioxide concentration sensor is used for detecting the concentration of carbon dioxide in the box body 1.
Specifically, the box body moving device moves the box body 1 to the position above a target plant group and covers the target plant group, the sealing performance of the lower portion is guaranteed, after the box body 1 is fixed, the illumination intensity in the box body 1 is measured through a photosynthetically active radiation sensor arranged in the first sensor box 6, and the shading effect of natural light is achieved by adjusting the color of the electrochromic material; the temperature and humidity in the box body 1 are detected in real time through a temperature and humidity sensor arranged in the first sensor box 6; the temperature and humidity are controlled by connecting an external dehumidifier or air conditioning fan through a ventilation port 5 of the dehumidifying and cooling device and combining a fan 3 and an air duct 4 which are arranged in the box body 1; acquiring an image of a plant population in the box body 1 through an image sensor, a hyperspectral sensor and a multispectral sensor which are arranged in the first sensor box 6, and extracting the coverage of the plant population in the box body 1 by combining an image segmentation method; measuring CO of plants in box body in a period of time through atmospheric pressure sensor and carbon dioxide concentration sensor2Concentration change and atmospheric pressure change; CO passing through plants inside the box for a period of time2Measuring data such as concentration change, atmospheric pressure change, humidity change, box volume, temperature in the box body and the like, and measuring the photosynthetic rate of the group by combining the coverage of the plant group; the light intensity change in the box body is controlled through the adjustment of the light supplement lamp and the electrochromic material, and the photosynthetic rate under different illumination intensities can be measured by combining the method for measuring the photosynthetic rate of the plant population, namely, the photoresponse curve of the plant population is obtained.
In another embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of the above embodiment, the method further includes: the device comprises a light supplement lamp 7, a side image acquisition unit and a gas mixing device; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the light supplement lamp 7 is installed inside the box body 1 and used for supplementing light to plant groups in the box body 1;
the side image acquiring unit 9 is disposed on one side surface inside the box body 1, and is used for acquiring a side image of the plant population.
The gas blending device is arranged on one side surface in the box body 1 and comprises a fan 3 and an air duct 4;
the fan 3 is arranged at an air inlet of the air duct 4.
Wherein, the shape of the wind tube 4 can be various hollow tubular structures; preferably, the air inlet is arranged on the upper part, the fan 3 is arranged on the air inlet, the air outlet is arranged on the lower part, and the elbow is arranged at the air outlet, so that the air is blown to the horizontal direction. The specific air flow direction is that the air sucked into the upper part of the box body 1 by the fan 3 is transmitted to the lower part of the box body 1 through the air guide pipe, and then the air flow direction is changed into the horizontal air direction by the elbow and is blown to the central area of the lower part of the box body 1.
Wherein, the gas mixing device can make gas mixing efficiency higher, and the processing cost of manufacture is lower moreover.
After the box body 1 is fixed, the illumination intensity in the box body 1 is measured by a photosynthetically active radiation sensor arranged in the first sensor box 6, and the shading effect of natural light is realized by adjusting the color of the electrochromic material; the light supplementing effect is realized by adjusting the intensity of the light supplementing lamp 7 in the box body 1; by comprehensively utilizing the shading and light supplementing methods, the simulation of cloudy days, cloudy days and sunny days in the box body 1 can be realized.
Preferably, the side image acquisition unit 9 is a camera.
It can be understood that the image sequence is spliced into a plant side image by means of the image sequence shot by the side image acquisition unit 9 in the process of uniform-speed descending of the box body 1, the highest point is extracted based on an image extraction method, and the plant height is calculated by combining the resolution of a camera; acquiring side images of plants spliced by image sequences by using a side image acquisition unit 9, acquiring images of plant groups in the box body 1 by using an image sensor, a hyperspectral sensor and a multispectral sensor which are arranged in a first sensor box 6 to form three-dimensional images, and extracting a three-dimensional skeleton of the plants based on the three-dimensional images; and generating a three-dimensional model of the plant population in the box body 1 by using the extracted three-dimensional skeleton, combining an organ template in the plant three-dimensional visual resource library and a skeleton-driven grid deformation method.
In another embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of the above embodiment, the method further includes: a sliding support bar 11, a slidable photosynthetically active radiation sensor 12 and a second sensor box 13; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the second sensor box 13 is arranged on the outer surface of the top of the box body 1, and a second photosynthetically active radiation sensor and a gas temperature and humidity sensor are arranged in the second sensor box 13;
the second photosynthetically active radiation sensor is used for measuring the illumination intensity outside the box body 1;
the gas temperature and humidity sensor is used for measuring the temperature and the humidity outside the box body 1.
The sliding support rod 11 is vertically arranged on a frame inside the box body 1;
the slidable photosynthetically active radiation sensor 12 slides up and down on the sliding support rod 11 and is used for detecting the illumination intensity of the plant population.
Specifically, the illumination intensity outside the box body 1 is measured by a second photosynthetically active radiation sensor;
the temperature and humidity outside the cabinet 1 are measured by a gas temperature and humidity sensor. And providing real-time reference data for a decision maker through the measurement data.
Specifically, the sliding support rod 11 is vertically arranged on the frame inside the box body 1 and can slide left and right along the frame; the slidable photosynthetically active radiation sensor 12 slides up and down on the sliding support rod 11; the sliding support rod 11 is combined with a slidable photosynthetically active radiation sensor 12 for detecting the light intensity at any position of the plant population.
It can be understood that the determination of the photosynthetically active radiation at different heights in the box body 1 can be realized by using the sliding support rod 11 and the slidable photosynthetically active radiation sensor 12; the photosynthetic active radiation sensors are arranged in the first sensor box 6, so that the illumination intensity of the upper part of the plant population can be measured, the calculation of the distribution of the photosynthetic active radiation at different positions in the plant population is realized by combining a three-dimensional light distribution calculation method in the plant population, and the calibration of the simulation of the distribution of the photosynthetic active radiation in the plant population is realized by combining the measured values of the photosynthetic active radiation at different heights.
In one embodiment of the invention, there is provided a method of controlling the microenvironment of a plant population, comprising:
measuring to obtain the illumination intensity inside the box body by using a first photosynthetically active radiation sensor arranged inside a first sensor box, and adjusting the illumination intensity inside the box body by adjusting the color of an electrochromic material covered on the box body, wherein the first sensor box is arranged inside the box body;
the temperature and the humidity inside the box are measured by using a gas temperature and humidity sensor arranged inside the first sensor box, and the ventilation pipes of the dehumidifier or the air-conditioning fan enter the inside of the box through the ventilation port of the dehumidification cooling device to adjust the temperature and the humidity inside the box.
The box body can be a cube or a cuboid, and preferably, the cube is selected in the embodiment. The box body is made of light-weight materials, such as aluminum alloy and the like, so that the whole box body is small in weight and easy to move.
Wherein, the height of the box body is determined according to the height of the plant to be detected.
It can be understood that the illumination intensity in the box body is obtained by measuring through the photosynthetically active radiation sensor arranged in the first sensor box, and the shading effect of natural light is realized by adjusting the color of the electrochromic material; through the built-in temperature and humidity sensor of first sensor incasement, the humiture in the real-time detection box through dehumidification heat sink blow vent, connects external dehumidifier or air-conditioning fan, realizes the control of humiture.
The embodiment provides a plant population microenvironment control method, wherein a box body is placed at a position to be measured, a plant population is detected through a sensor in a first sensor box, and the illumination intensity, the temperature and the humidity in the box body are adjusted by utilizing the effect that the surface of the box body is covered with an electrochromic material and a dehumidifier or an air conditioning fan according to the detection result. The box body can realize the measurement of a plurality of positions, the number of related sensors is reduced, and when the measurement is carried out on a plurality of positions, the hardware cost is reduced to a certain extent; when the box body is not used for measurement, the box body is not placed above the plant group to be measured, so that the influence of the box body on the growth of crops caused by factors such as light, temperature, air heat and the like is avoided, and the natural growth environment of the plant group to be measured is ensured.
The air mixing device is arranged on one side surface in the box body and comprises a fan and an air duct; the shape of the air duct can be various hollow tubular structures; preferably, the air inlet is arranged on the upper part, the fan is arranged on the air inlet, the air outlet is arranged on the lower part, and the elbow is arranged at the air outlet, so that the air is blown to the horizontal direction. The specific air flow direction is that the air sucked into the upper part of the box body by the fan is transmitted to the lower part of the box body through the air guide pipe, and then the direction of the air flow is changed into the horizontal air direction by the elbow and is blown to the central area of the lower part of the box body.
The light supplementing lamp is installed inside the box body and used for supplementing light to plant groups in the box body.
The first sensor box is internally provided with an image sensor, a hyperspectral sensor, a multispectral sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor and a carbon dioxide concentration sensor. An image sensor for detecting an image of the plant population; the hyperspectral sensor and the multispectral sensor are used for acquiring spectral data and imaging spectral image data of the plant population; the atmospheric pressure sensor is used for detecting the atmospheric pressure in the box body; and the carbon dioxide concentration sensor is used for detecting the concentration of carbon dioxide in the box body.
The inside of the box body also comprises a sliding support rod and a slidable photosynthetically active radiation sensor; the sliding support rod is vertically arranged on the frame inside the box body; the slidable photosynthetically active radiation sensor slides up and down on the sliding support rod; the sliding support rod is combined with the slidable photosynthetically active radiation sensor and used for detecting the illumination intensity of any position of the plant population.
In another embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of the above embodiment, the method further includes:
the moving device is connected with a lifting and placing connecting unit arranged at the top of the box body;
and lifting and placing the position of the box body through the moving device.
Preferably, the lifting and placing connection units are arranged in total and are respectively arranged at the middle of four sides of the top of the box body.
Wherein, the mobile device of box has following three kinds:
mechanical movement of the track: a transmission track is built on the upper part of a crop group to be measured, and a reinforcing device is arranged on the periphery of the track to ensure the stability of the track; the height of the track is 2 times greater than that of the box body; the movable telescopic device is arranged on the rail, the bottom of the telescopic device is used for being connected with the lifting and placing connecting unit 8 of the box body, the lifting and placing of the rail are achieved through the telescopic device, the box body is moved on the rail through the telescopic device after being lifted, and the box body is moved and placed between different measuring positions.
Vehicle-mounted lifting movement: the lifting and placing of the box body and the moving and placing between different measuring positions are realized by utilizing the vehicle with the function of lifting articles and connecting the vehicle-mounted lifter with the box body.
Unmanned aerial vehicle hoist and mount formula removes: utilize heavy load unmanned aerial vehicle, be equipped with 3-4 (guarantee the box and promoted or the stability when placing) telescopic connecting device, the bottom is used for the promotion of connecting the box and places the linkage unit, realizes the promotion of box, places and the different removal and the placing between the measuring position.
Preferably, the bottom of the tank has four edges each having a sharp edge. The sharp edge can be more convenient let box lower part get into the soil layer.
Preferably, four corners at the top of the box body are respectively provided with a hydraulic device, wherein the hydraulic devices are electric hydraulic devices.
Preferably, after the box body is put down, the lower part of the box body is put into the soil layer by 10-20cm through a hydraulic device.
In another embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of the above embodiment, the method further includes:
the side image acquisition unit is arranged in the box body, and is used for shooting an image sequence of a plant population in the process of descending the box body at a constant speed, splicing the image sequence into a side image of the plant population, extracting a highest point based on an image extraction method, and calculating the plant height by combining resolution;
acquiring a three-dimensional image through the side image and the plant height of the plant population and the plant population image acquired through an image sensor, a hyperspectral sensor and a multispectral sensor which are arranged in the first sensor box, and extracting a three-dimensional skeleton of the plant population based on the three-dimensional image;
and generating a three-dimensional model of the plant population based on the three-dimensional skeleton by combining an organ template in a plant three-dimensional visual resource library and a skeleton-driven grid deformation method.
Preferably, the side image acquisition unit is a camera.
The plant height is calculated by combining the camera resolution and extracting the highest point based on an image extraction method by splicing the image sequence into a plant side image by means of the image sequence shot by the side image acquisition unit in the process of descending the box body at a constant speed; acquiring side images and plant heights of plants spliced by image sequences by using a side image acquisition unit, acquiring images of plant groups in a box body by using an image sensor, a hyperspectral sensor and a multispectral sensor which are arranged in a first sensor box to form three-dimensional images, and extracting a three-dimensional skeleton of the plants based on the three-dimensional images; and generating a three-dimensional model of the plant population in the box body by using the extracted three-dimensional skeleton, combining an organ template in the plant three-dimensional visual resource library and a skeleton-driven grid deformation method.
In a further embodiment of the invention, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the photosynthetically active radiation of different heights in the box is measured by means of a sliding support bar and a slidable photosynthetically active radiation sensor arranged inside the box;
measuring the illumination intensity of the upper part of the plant population by using the first photosynthetically active radiation sensor, and calculating the photosynthetically active radiation distribution of different positions in the plant population based on a three-dimensional light distribution calculation method in the plant population;
and based on the photosynthetic effective radiation measuring values at different positions, the calibration of the distribution simulation of the photosynthetic effective radiation in the plant population is realized.
The photosynthetic active radiation of different heights in the box body can be measured by utilizing the sliding support rod and the slidable photosynthetic active radiation sensor; the photosynthetic active radiation distribution of different positions in the plant population is calculated by utilizing the first photosynthetic active radiation sensor arranged in the first sensor box, and the calibration of the photosynthetic active radiation distribution simulation in the plant population can be realized by combining the measurement values of the photosynthetic active radiation with different heights.
In another embodiment of the invention, on the basis of the above embodiment, the image of the plant population in the box body is obtained through the image sensor, the hyperspectral sensor and the multispectral sensor which are arranged in the first sensor box, and the coverage of the plant population in the box body is extracted by combining an image segmentation method;
CO based on plant population inside the box2Measuring the photosynthetic rate of the plant population according to the concentration change, the atmospheric pressure change, the humidity change, the volume of the box body, the temperature in the box body and the coverage of the plant population;
and acquiring a light response curve of the plant population based on the illumination intensity in the box body and the photosynthetic rate of the plant population.
The method comprises the steps of obtaining an image of a plant group in a box body through an image sensor, a hyperspectral sensor and a multispectral sensor which are arranged in a first sensor box, and extracting the coverage of the plant group in the box body by combining an image segmentation method.
Wherein the CO of the plants in the box body within a period of time is measured by an atmospheric pressure sensor and a carbon dioxide concentration sensor2Concentration change and atmospheric pressure change; CO passing through plants inside the box for a period of time2Measuring data such as concentration change, atmospheric pressure change, humidity change, box volume, temperature in the box body and the like, and measuring the photosynthetic rate of the group by combining the coverage of the plant group; the light intensity change in the box body is controlled through the adjustment of the light supplement lamp and the electrochromic material, and the photosynthetic rate under different illumination intensities can be measured by combining the method for measuring the photosynthetic rate of the plant population, namely, the photoresponse curve of the plant population is obtained.
The embodiment provides a plant population microenvironment control method, which can realize accurate control of the microenvironment of a plant population to be measured, including light environment, temperature and humidity, and measurement of morphological structure, assimilation rate, light distribution and light distribution, reaction curve and the like of the plant population to be measured on the premise of ensuring natural growth of the plant population to be measured when the plant population is not measured.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. A plant population microenvironment control apparatus comprising: the box body, the first sensor box and the dehumidifying and cooling device vent; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the front, the back, the left and the right of the box body and the upper surface are closed, and the lower surface is empty;
the first sensor box is arranged on the upper surface inside the box body, and a sensor is arranged inside the first sensor box and used for detecting the illumination intensity, the temperature and the humidity and the carbon dioxide concentration of the plant population;
the surface of the box body is covered with an electrochromic material for changing the illumination intensity inside the box body;
the dehumidifying and cooling device air vent is arranged on the side surface of the box body and is used for changing the temperature and the humidity inside the box body;
further comprising: lifting and placing the connecting unit and the moving device; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the lifting and placing connecting unit is arranged at the top of the box body;
the moving device is connected with the lifting and placing connecting unit;
the moving device is used for lifting and placing the box body.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a first photosynthetically active radiation sensor, a gas temperature and humidity sensor, an image sensor, a hyperspectral sensor, a multispectral sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor, and a carbon dioxide concentration sensor are disposed inside the first sensor box; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the first photosynthetically active radiation sensor is used for detecting the illumination intensity of the upper part of the plant population;
the gas temperature and humidity sensor is used for detecting the temperature and the humidity in the box body;
the image sensor is used for detecting an image of the plant population;
the hyperspectral sensor and the multispectral sensor are used for acquiring spectral data and imaging spectral image data of the plant population;
the atmospheric pressure sensor is used for detecting the atmospheric pressure in the box body;
and the carbon dioxide concentration sensor is used for detecting the concentration of carbon dioxide in the box body.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: the device comprises a light supplement lamp, a side image acquisition unit and a gas mixing device; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the light supplementing lamp is arranged inside the box body and is used for supplementing light to plant groups in the box body;
the side image acquisition unit is arranged on one side surface inside the box body and used for acquiring the side image of the plant population.
The gas blending device is arranged on one side surface in the box body and comprises a fan and an air duct;
the fan is arranged at an air inlet of the air duct.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: the photosynthetic active radiation sensor comprises a sliding support rod, a slidable photosynthetic active radiation sensor and a second sensor box; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the second sensor box is arranged on the upper surface of the outer part of the box body, and a second photosynthetically active radiation sensor and a gas temperature and humidity sensor are arranged in the second sensor box;
the second photosynthetically active radiation sensor is used for measuring the illumination intensity outside the box body;
and the gas temperature and humidity sensor is used for measuring the temperature and the humidity outside the box body.
The sliding support rod is vertically arranged on the frame inside the box body;
the slidable photosynthetically active radiation sensor slides up and down on the sliding support rod and is used for detecting the illumination intensity of the plant population.
5. A method for controlling the microenvironment of a population of plants, comprising:
measuring to obtain the illumination intensity inside the box body by using a first photosynthetically active radiation sensor arranged inside a first sensor box, and adjusting the illumination intensity inside the box body by adjusting the color of an electrochromic material covered on the box body, wherein the first sensor box is arranged inside the box body;
measuring the temperature and humidity inside the box body by using a gas temperature and humidity sensor arranged inside the first sensor box, enabling a ventilation pipe of a dehumidifier or an air conditioning fan to enter the box body through a ventilation opening of a dehumidification cooling device, and adjusting the temperature and humidity inside the box body;
further comprising: the moving device is connected with a lifting and placing connecting unit arranged at the top of the box body;
and lifting and placing the position of the box body through the moving device.
6. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
the side image acquisition unit is arranged in the box body, and is used for shooting an image sequence of a plant population in the process of descending the box body at a constant speed, splicing the image sequence into a side image of the plant population, extracting a highest point based on an image extraction method, and calculating the plant height by combining resolution;
acquiring a three-dimensional image through the side image and the plant height of the plant population and the plant population image acquired through an image sensor, a hyperspectral sensor and a multispectral sensor which are arranged in the first sensor box, and extracting a three-dimensional skeleton of the plant population based on the three-dimensional image;
and generating a three-dimensional model of the plant population based on the three-dimensional skeleton by combining an organ template in a plant three-dimensional visual resource library and a skeleton-driven grid deformation method.
7. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
measuring photosynthetically active radiation at different heights in the box body by utilizing a sliding support rod and a slidable photosynthetically active radiation sensor which are arranged in the box body;
measuring the illumination intensity of the upper part of the plant population by using the first photosynthetically active radiation sensor, and calculating the photosynthetically active radiation distribution of different positions in the plant population based on a three-dimensional light distribution calculation method in the plant population;
and based on the photosynthetic effective radiation measuring values at different positions, the calibration of the distribution simulation of the photosynthetic effective radiation in the plant population is realized.
8. The method of claim 5, further comprising:
acquiring an image of a plant population in the box body through an image sensor, a hyperspectral sensor and a multispectral sensor which are arranged in the first sensor box, and extracting the coverage of the plant population in the box body by combining an image segmentation method;
CO based on plant population inside the box2Measuring the photosynthetic rate of the plant population according to the concentration change, the atmospheric pressure change, the humidity change, the volume of the box body, the temperature in the box body and the coverage of the plant population;
and acquiring a light response curve of the plant population based on the illumination intensity in the box body and the photosynthetic rate of the plant population.
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| CN110089307A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-06 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of root system of plant automation imaging system based on double cylinder cultivating containers |
| CN110181513A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-30 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | Crop canopies phenotype and assimilation synchro measure robot |
| CN112840909B (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2022-08-09 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Automatic box passive temperature increasing device in field and test station |
| US20230066465A1 (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2023-03-02 | Glass Dyenamics, Inc. | Window and entryway systems with variable light transmission panels |
| CN114467573A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-05-13 | 贵州大学 | Environment-controllable phenotype wall for crop cultivation and storage |
| CN116389857B (en) * | 2023-06-07 | 2023-09-12 | 北京市农林科学院信息技术研究中心 | Plant phenotype acquisition platform, method, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN117420275A (en) * | 2023-12-18 | 2024-01-19 | 西安多普多信息科技有限公司 | Photosynthetic rate detection apparatus, photosynthetic rate detection method, storage medium, and electronic device |
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