CN107624449A - One kind of plant population micro environment control device and method - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及农业信息化技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种植物群体微环境控制装置及方法。The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural informatization, and more specifically, to a device and method for controlling the microenvironment of plant populations.
背景技术Background technique
植物生长的环境因子包括光照、温度、水分、热量、养分和空气，这些因素是植物生命活动中所不能缺少的。农业生产及科学研究中，常通过对上述环境因子的调控实现农业作物的高产、高效生产。以光照为例，光环境是植物生长发育不可缺少的重要物理环境因素之一，通过光质调节，控制植株形态建成是农业信息化领域的一项重要技术；日光是无法控制的，因此人为的补光在作物栽培中受到越来越多的认可，其可以人为控制植物生长的季节并彻底缩短植物生长的时间。因此，实现对上述多种环境因素的有效调控，对于农业作物生产与科研具有重要作用。但目前对上述因素的调控多为在室内或设施中开展，难以实现大田环境下的多个环境因子调控。Environmental factors for plant growth include light, temperature, moisture, heat, nutrients and air, which are indispensable in plant life activities. In agricultural production and scientific research, high-yield and efficient production of agricultural crops is often achieved through the regulation of the above-mentioned environmental factors. Taking light as an example, the light environment is one of the important physical environmental factors that are indispensable to the growth and development of plants. It is an important technology in the field of agricultural informatization to control plant morphology through light quality adjustment; sunlight cannot be controlled, so artificial Supplementary lighting has been increasingly recognized in crop cultivation, which can artificially control the season of plant growth and completely shorten the time of plant growth. Therefore, realizing the effective regulation of the above-mentioned various environmental factors plays an important role in agricultural crop production and scientific research. However, at present, most of the above-mentioned factors are regulated indoors or in facilities, and it is difficult to realize the regulation of multiple environmental factors in the field environment.
人们通过构建设施或室内微环境实现光能的有效利用，最常见的方式是人工气候培养箱，其是具有光照、加湿功能的高精度冷热恒温设备，为研究者提供一个理想的人工气候实验环境；日光温室、连栋温室和塑料大棚也可实现植物生长光环境的控制，其主要是通过内置补光灯实现设施环境内光的补充、通过遮光帘减少进入设施内的光能；一种垂直开启式自动冠层同化箱，箱体采用高透光材料，实现大田条件下的作物冠层可控光环境，并结合二氧化碳浓度等参数变化的测量实现了冠层光和速率的测量。People realize the effective use of light energy by building facilities or indoor micro-environments. The most common way is the artificial climate incubator, which is a high-precision cold and hot constant temperature equipment with light and humidification functions, providing researchers with an ideal artificial climate experiment. Environment; solar greenhouses, multi-span greenhouses and plastic greenhouses can also control the light environment for plant growth, mainly through the built-in supplementary light to supplement the light in the facility environment, and reduce the light energy entering the facility through the blackout curtain; a The vertically open automatic canopy assimilation box, the box is made of high light-transmitting materials, which realizes the controllable light environment of the crop canopy under field conditions, and realizes the measurement of canopy light and rate in combination with the measurement of changes in parameters such as carbon dioxide concentration.
人工气候培养箱为室内可控光环境装置，只适合微小植物或植物生长早期的实验，且与作物实际在大田生长情况有一定的差异；设施环境内的作物生长条件仍与大田作物生长有较大的环境差异，且由于设施环境较大，难以实现某一微环境的高精度环境控制；一种垂直开启式自动冠层同化箱仅能实现指定位置植物群体的同化速率测量，且其对光环境无法实现自主控制，依赖于箱体材料透光和自然光环境的变化。虽然同化箱上部设置有通风装置，且箱体材料透光性较高，但箱体内的植物从光照、温度、水分、通风性等方面仍与自然环境下有差异，长时间生长在该箱体内生长发育状态会受到一定影响，与自然环境下的作物生长有一定的差异。The artificial climate incubator is an indoor controllable light environment device, which is only suitable for experiments on tiny plants or early plant growth, and there is a certain difference from the actual growth conditions of crops in the field; the growth conditions of crops in the facility environment are still different from those of field crops. Large environmental differences, and due to the large environment of the facility, it is difficult to achieve high-precision environmental control of a certain micro-environment; a vertically open automatic canopy assimilation box can only realize the assimilation rate measurement of the plant population at a specified location, and its effect on light The environment cannot be controlled independently, and depends on the light transmission of the box material and the change of the natural light environment. Although there is a ventilation device on the upper part of the assimilation box, and the material of the box has high light transmittance, the plants in the box are still different from those in the natural environment in terms of light, temperature, moisture, ventilation, etc., and grow in the box for a long time The growth and development state will be affected to a certain extent, and there are certain differences from the growth of crops in the natural environment.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了至少部分地克服现有技术中存在的上述问题，本发明提供一种植物群体微环境控制装置及方法。In order to at least partly overcome the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a device and method for controlling the microenvironment of plant populations.
根据本发明的一个方面，提供一种植物群体微环境控制装置，包括：箱体、第一传感器箱以及除湿降温装置通气口；其中，所述箱体前后左右及上表面密闭，下表面为空；所述第一传感器箱布置在所述箱体内部的上表面，并且所述第一传感器箱的内部布置有传感器，用于对所述植物群体进行光照强度、温湿度以及二氧化碳浓度的检测；所述箱体表面覆盖有电致变色材料，用于改变所述箱体内部的光照强度；所述除湿降温装置通气口，布置在所述箱体的侧面上，用于改变所述箱体内部的温度和湿度。According to one aspect of the present invention, a microenvironment control device for plant populations is provided, comprising: a box body, a first sensor box, and a vent for a dehumidification and cooling device; wherein, the front, rear, left, and right sides, and the upper surface of the box body are airtight, and the lower surface is empty The first sensor box is arranged on the upper surface inside the box, and the inside of the first sensor box is arranged with sensors for detecting light intensity, temperature and humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration of the plant population; The surface of the box is covered with an electrochromic material, which is used to change the light intensity inside the box; the vent of the dehumidification and cooling device is arranged on the side of the box, and is used to change the intensity of light inside the box. temperature and humidity.
其中，还包括：提升与放置连接单元和移动装置；其中，所述提升与放置连接单元布置在所述箱体的顶部；所述移动装置与所述提升与放置连接单元连接；所述移动装置，用于提升和放置所述箱体。Wherein, it also includes: a lifting and placing connection unit and a moving device; wherein, the lifting and placing connecting unit is arranged on the top of the box; the moving device is connected with the lifting and placing connecting unit; the moving device , for lifting and placing the box.
其中，所述第一传感器箱里面布置有第一光合有效辐射传感器、气体温湿度传感器、图像传感器、高光谱传感器、多光谱传感器、大气压传感器和二氧化碳浓度传感器；其中，所述第一光合有效辐射传感器，用于检测所述植物群体上部的光照强度；所述气体温湿度传感器，用于检测所述箱体内的温度和湿度；所述图像传感器，用于检测所述植物群体的图像；所述高光谱传感器和多光谱传感器，用于获取所述植物群体的光谱数据和成像光谱图像数据；所述大气压传感器，用于检测所述箱体内的大气压；所述二氧化碳浓度传感器，用于检测所述箱体内的二氧化碳浓度。Wherein, the first photosynthetically active radiation sensor, gas temperature and humidity sensor, image sensor, hyperspectral sensor, multispectral sensor, atmospheric pressure sensor and carbon dioxide concentration sensor are arranged inside the first sensor box; wherein, the first photosynthetically active radiation The sensor is used to detect the light intensity on the upper part of the plant group; the gas temperature and humidity sensor is used to detect the temperature and humidity in the box; the image sensor is used to detect the image of the plant group; A hyperspectral sensor and a multispectral sensor are used to acquire spectral data and imaging spectral image data of the plant population; the atmospheric pressure sensor is used to detect the atmospheric pressure in the box; the carbon dioxide concentration sensor is used to detect the The carbon dioxide concentration in the tank.
其中，还包括：补光灯、侧面图像获取单元以及气体混匀装置；其中，所述补光灯安装在所述箱体内部，用于对所述箱体内的植物群体补光；所述侧面图像获取单元布置在所述箱体内部的一个侧面上，用于获取所述植物群体的侧面图像。所述气体混匀装置设置在所述箱体内部的一个侧面上，包括风扇和风筒；所述风扇布置在所述风筒的进风口处。Wherein, it also includes: a supplementary light, a side image acquisition unit, and a gas mixing device; wherein, the supplementary light is installed inside the box for supplementing light to the plant groups in the box; the side The image acquisition unit is arranged on one side inside the box, and is used to acquire side images of the plant population. The gas mixing device is arranged on one side of the inside of the box, and includes a fan and a blower; the fan is arranged at the air inlet of the blower.
其中，还包括：滑动支撑杆、可滑动的光合有效辐射传感器以及第二传感器箱；其中，Wherein, it also includes: a sliding support rod, a slidable photosynthetically active radiation sensor and a second sensor box; wherein,
所述第二传感器箱布置在所述箱体外部的上表面，所述第二传感器箱的内部布置有第二光合有效辐射传感器和气体温湿度传感器；The second sensor box is arranged on the upper surface of the outside of the box body, and the inside of the second sensor box is arranged with a second photosynthetically active radiation sensor and a gas temperature and humidity sensor;
所述第二光合有效辐射传感器，用于测量所述箱体外部的光照强度；The second photosynthetically active radiation sensor is used to measure the light intensity outside the box;
所述气体温湿度传感器，用于测量所述箱体外部的温度和湿度。The gas temperature and humidity sensor is used to measure the temperature and humidity outside the box.
所述滑动支撑杆竖直设置在所述箱体内部的框架上；The sliding support rod is vertically arranged on the frame inside the box;
所述可滑动光合有效辐射传感器，在所述滑动支撑杆上面上下滑动，用于检测所述植物群体光照强度。The slidable photosynthetically active radiation sensor slides up and down on the sliding support rod and is used to detect the light intensity of the plant group.
根据本发明的另一个方面，提供一种植物群体微环境控制方法，包括：利用第一传感器箱内部设置的第一光合有效辐射传感器测量得到箱体内部的光照强度，通过调节所述箱体上覆盖的电致变色材料的颜色，调节所述箱体内部的光照强度，其中，所述第一传感器箱设置在所述箱体的内部；利用所述第一传感器箱内部设置的气体温湿度传感器测量得到所述箱体内部的温度和湿度，将除湿机或空调扇的换气管通过除湿降温装置通气口进入所述箱体的内部，调节所述箱体内部的温度和湿度。According to another aspect of the present invention, a method for controlling the microenvironment of plant populations is provided, including: using the first photosynthetically active radiation sensor installed inside the first sensor box to measure the light intensity inside the box, and adjusting the The color of the covered electrochromic material adjusts the light intensity inside the box, wherein the first sensor box is arranged inside the box; the gas temperature and humidity sensor set inside the first sensor box is used The temperature and humidity inside the box are measured, and the ventilation pipe of the dehumidifier or air-conditioning fan enters the inside of the box through the vent of the dehumidification and cooling device to adjust the temperature and humidity inside the box.
其中，还包括：移动装置和布置在所述箱体的顶部提升与放置连接单元连接；通过所述移动装置对所述箱体的位置进行提升和放置。Wherein, it also includes: the moving device is connected with the lifting and placing connection unit arranged on the top of the box body; the position of the box body is lifted and placed by the moving device.
其中，还包括：布置在所述箱体内部的侧面图像获取单元，在所述箱体匀速下降过程中拍摄植物群体的图像序列，将所述图像序列拼接为植物群体侧面图像，并基于图像提取方法提取最高点，结合分辨率计算株高；通过所述植物群体侧面图像、株高以及通过所述第一传感器箱内置的图像传感器、高光谱传感器和多光谱传感器获取的植物群体图像，获取立体图像，并基于所述立体图像提取所述植物群体的三维骨架；基于所述三维骨架，结合植物三维可视资源库中的器官模板，以及骨架驱动的网格变形方法，生成所述植物群体的三维模型。Among them, it also includes: a side image acquisition unit arranged inside the box, which shoots an image sequence of the plant population during the uniform descent of the box, stitches the image sequence into a side image of the plant group, and extracts the plant population based on the image sequence. The method extracts the highest point, and calculates the height of the plant in combination with the resolution; obtains the three-dimensional image, and extract the three-dimensional skeleton of the plant population based on the stereoscopic image; based on the three-dimensional skeleton, combined with the organ template in the plant three-dimensional visual resource library, and the grid deformation method driven by the skeleton, generate the three-dimensional skeleton of the plant population 3D model.
其中，还包括：利用布置在所述箱体内部的滑动支撑杆和可滑动光合有效辐射传感器，测量所述箱体内不同高度光合有效辐射；利用所述第一光合有效辐射传感器，测量所述植物群体上部的光照强度，并基于植物群体内三维光分布计算方法，计算所述植物群体内不同位置的光合有效辐射分布；基于上述不同位置的光合有效辐射测定值，实现所述植物群体内光合有效辐射分布模拟的校准。Among them, it also includes: using the sliding support rod and the slidable photosynthetically active radiation sensor arranged inside the box to measure the photosynthetically active radiation at different heights in the box; using the first photosynthetically active radiation sensor to measure the photosynthetically active radiation of the plant The illumination intensity of the upper part of the group, and based on the three-dimensional light distribution calculation method in the plant group, calculate the distribution of photosynthetically active radiation at different positions in the plant group; Calibration of radiation distribution simulations.
其中，还包括：通过所述第一传感器箱内置的图像传感器、高光谱传感器和多光谱传感器获取箱体内部植物群体的图像，结合图像分割方法提取箱体内植物群体的覆盖度；基于所述箱体内部植物群体的CO2浓度变化、大气压变化、湿度变化、箱体体积、箱体内的温度以及所述植物群体覆盖度，测量所述植物群体的光合速率；基于所述箱体内的光照强度和所述植物群体的光合速率，获取所述植物群体的光反应曲线。Among them, it also includes: acquiring the image of the plant population inside the box through the built-in image sensor, hyperspectral sensor and multispectral sensor of the first sensor box, and extracting the coverage of the plant population in the box in combination with the image segmentation method; CO concentration change, atmospheric pressure change, humidity change, box volume, temperature in the box and the coverage of the plant population in the body, measure the photosynthetic rate of the plant population; based on the light intensity and The photosynthetic rate of the plant population is to obtain the light response curve of the plant population.
综上，本发明提供一种植物群体微环境控制装置，通过第一传感器箱内的传感器对植物群体的形态结构及箱体内环境参数进行检测，根据检测结果利用箱体表面覆盖有电致变色材料以及除湿机或空调扇的作用，来调节箱体内部的光照强度、温度以及湿度。植物群体微环境控制装置在保证待测量作物群体在不测量时的自然生长的前提下，可以实现待测植物群体微环境精确控制，包括光环境、温湿度等，同时实现作物群体形态结构、同化速率、光分布等的测量。To sum up, the present invention provides a microenvironment control device for plant populations, which detects the morphological structure of the plant population and the environmental parameters in the box through the sensors in the first sensor box, and uses the surface of the box to be covered with electrochromic materials according to the detection results. And the role of dehumidifier or air conditioning fan to adjust the light intensity, temperature and humidity inside the box. The plant population microenvironment control device can realize the precise control of the microenvironment of the plant population to be measured under the premise of ensuring the natural growth of the crop population to be measured, including light environment, temperature and humidity, etc. Measurement of velocity, light distribution, etc.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为根据本发明实施例的一种植物群体微环境控制装置的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a microenvironment control device for plant populations according to an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. the embodiment. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
图1为根据本发明实施例的一种植物群体微环境控制装置的结构示意图，如图1所示，包括：箱体1、第一传感器箱6以及除湿降温装置通气口5；其中，Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a microenvironment control device for plant populations according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 1 , including: a box body 1, a first sensor box 6, and a vent 5 of a dehumidification and cooling device; wherein,
所述箱体1前后左右及上表面密闭，下表面为空；The front, rear, left, right, and upper surfaces of the box body 1 are airtight, and the lower surface is empty;
所述第一传感器箱6布置在所述箱体1内部的上表面，并且所述第一传感器箱6的内部布置有传感器，用于对所述植物群体进行光照强度、温湿度以及二氧化碳浓度的检测；The first sensor box 6 is arranged on the upper surface inside the box body 1, and sensors are arranged inside the first sensor box 6 for measuring light intensity, temperature and humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration of the plant population. detection;
所述箱体1表面覆盖有电致变色材料，用于改变所述箱体1内部的光照强度；The surface of the box body 1 is covered with an electrochromic material for changing the light intensity inside the box body 1;
所述除湿降温装置通气口5布置在所述箱体1的侧面上，用于改变所述箱体1内部的温度和湿度；The vent 5 of the dehumidification and cooling device is arranged on the side of the box 1 for changing the temperature and humidity inside the box 1;
其中，箱体1的可以为正方体或者长方体，优选地，在本实施例中选择正方体。箱体1的材料采用轻质量的材料，例如，铝合金等，以保证整个箱体1质量较小，易于移动。Wherein, the box body 1 may be a cube or a cuboid, preferably, a cube is selected in this embodiment. The material of the box body 1 is light-weight material, such as aluminum alloy, etc., so as to ensure that the whole box body 1 has a small mass and is easy to move.
其中，箱体1的高度根据待测植物的高度来确定。Wherein, the height of the box body 1 is determined according to the height of the plant to be measured.
其中，除湿降温装置通气口5布置在箱体1的一个侧面上，可以为箱体1的前后左右四个表面，优选地，除湿降温装置通气口5布置在箱体1的前表面上。Wherein, the vent 5 of the dehumidification and cooling device is arranged on one side of the box body 1 , which can be four surfaces of the box body 1 , front, rear, left, and right. Preferably, the vent 5 of the dehumidification and cooling device is arranged on the front surface of the box body 1 .
其中，电致变色是指材料的光学属性(反射率、透过率、吸收率等)在外加电场的作用下发生稳定、可逆的颜色变化的现象，在外观上表现为颜色和透明度的可逆变化。具有电致变色性能的材料称为电致变色材料，用电致变色材料做成的器件称为电致变色器件。Among them, electrochromism refers to the phenomenon that the optical properties of materials (reflectivity, transmittance, absorptivity, etc.) undergo stable and reversible color changes under the action of an external electric field, and the appearance is manifested as reversible changes in color and transparency. . Materials with electrochromic properties are called electrochromic materials, and devices made of electrochromic materials are called electrochromic devices.
其中，除湿降温装置通气口5为透明盖式，平时关闭，需要对箱体1内做除湿或降温处理时打开盖子，将除湿机或空调扇的换气管由该位置伸入箱体1的内部。Among them, the vent 5 of the dehumidification and cooling device is a transparent cover type, which is usually closed. When it is necessary to dehumidify or cool down the inside of the cabinet 1, open the cover, and extend the ventilation pipe of the dehumidifier or air-conditioning fan into the inside of the cabinet 1 from this position. .
具体地，通过箱体1内部的上表面固定的第一传感器箱6的内部布置的传感器，对植物群体进行光照强度、温湿度以及二氧化碳浓度的检测；根据上述传感器的检测结果，可以对箱体1内部的光照强度、温湿度进行相应的调整，当光照强度不符合要求时，通过箱体1表面覆盖有电致变色材料，来改变箱体1内部的光照强度；当温湿度不符合要求时，将除湿机或空调扇的电源打开，打开除湿降温装置通气口5，通过除湿机或空调扇的换气管输伸入箱体1的内部，来改变箱体1内部的温度和湿度。Specifically, through the sensors arranged inside the first sensor box 6 fixed on the upper surface of the box 1, the plant population is detected for light intensity, temperature and humidity, and carbon dioxide concentration; according to the detection results of the above sensors, the box can be 1 The internal light intensity, temperature and humidity are adjusted accordingly. When the light intensity does not meet the requirements, the surface of the box 1 is covered with electrochromic materials to change the light intensity inside the box 1; when the temperature and humidity do not meet the requirements , the power supply of dehumidifier or air-conditioning fan is turned on, the vent 5 of the dehumidification and cooling device is opened, and the ventilation pipe of dehumidifier or air-conditioning fan is input and stretched into the inside of casing 1 to change the temperature and humidity inside casing 1.
本实施例提供了一种植物群体微环境控制装置，通过第一传感器箱内的传感器对植物群体进行检测，根据检测结果利用箱体表面覆盖有电致变色材料以及除湿机或空调扇的作用，来调节箱体内部的光照强度、温度以及湿度。植物群体微环境控制装置在保证待测量作物群体在不测量时的自然生长的前提下，可以实现待测植物群体微环境精确控制。This embodiment provides a micro-environment control device for plant populations. The plant population is detected through the sensors in the first sensor box. According to the detection results, the surface of the box is covered with electrochromic materials and the effect of a dehumidifier or an air-conditioning fan. To adjust the light intensity, temperature and humidity inside the box. The plant population microenvironment control device can realize precise control of the microenvironment of the plant population to be measured under the premise of ensuring the natural growth of the crop population to be measured when not being measured.
在本发明的另一个实施例中，在上述实施例的基础上，还包括：提升与放置连接单元8和移动装置；其中，In another embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of the above embodiments, it also includes: lifting and placing the connection unit 8 and the mobile device; wherein,
所述提升与放置连接单元8布置在所述箱体1的顶部；The lifting and placing connection unit 8 is arranged on the top of the box body 1;
所述移动装置与所述提升与放置连接单元8连接；The mobile device is connected to the lifting and placing connection unit 8;
所述移动装置，用于提升和放置所述箱体1。The moving device is used for lifting and placing the box body 1 .
优选地，提升与放置连接单元8一共设置4个，分别布置在箱体1的顶部的四条边的正中间位置。Preferably, there are four lifting and placing connecting units 8 in total, which are respectively arranged in the middle of the four sides of the top of the box body 1 .
其中，箱体1的移动装置有以下三种：Wherein, the mobile device of cabinet 1 has following three kinds:
轨道机械式移动：在待测量作物群体上部搭建传输轨道，轨道周边有加固装置，保证轨道的稳定性；轨道高大于箱体高度的2倍；轨道上有可移动的伸缩装置，伸缩装置底部用于连接箱体1的提升与放置连接单元8，通过伸缩装置实现轨道的提升与放置，箱体1被提升后通过伸缩装置在轨道上的移动，实现箱体1在不同测量位置间的移动与放置。Track mechanical movement: The transmission track is built on the upper part of the crop group to be measured, and there are reinforcement devices around the track to ensure the stability of the track; the height of the track is greater than twice the height of the box; there is a movable telescopic device on the track, and the bottom of the telescopic device is used The lifting and placing connection unit 8 connected to the box body 1 realizes the lifting and placing of the track through the telescopic device. After the box body 1 is lifted, it moves on the track through the telescopic device to realize the movement and positioning of the box body 1 between different measurement positions. place.
车载升降式移动：利用带有升降物品功能的车，通过将车载升降机与箱体1连接，实现箱体1的提升、放置与不同测量位置间的移动与放置。Vehicle-mounted lift-type movement: use a car with the function of lifting items, and connect the vehicle-mounted elevator with the box 1 to realize the lifting and placement of the box 1 and the movement and placement between different measurement positions.
无人机吊装式移动：利用大载荷无人机，配备3-4根(保证箱体1被提升或放置时的稳定性)可伸缩的连接装置，底部用于连接箱体1的提升与放置连接单元，实现箱体1的提升、放置与不同测量位置间的移动与放置。UAV hoisting movement: UAV with large load is used, equipped with 3-4 telescopic connecting devices (to ensure the stability of the box 1 when it is lifted or placed), and the bottom is used to connect the lifting and placing of the box 1 The connection unit realizes the lifting and placement of the cabinet 1 and the movement and placement between different measurement positions.
本实施例提供了一种植物群体微环境控制装置，一个箱体可实现多个位置的测量，减少了相关传感器个数，当对多个位置进行测量时，在一定程度上降低了硬件成本；箱体在不测量时，不放置在待测植物群体上方，避免了箱体对光温水气热等因素对作物生长造成的影响，保证了待测植物群体的自然生长环境。This embodiment provides a microenvironment control device for plant populations. One box can realize the measurement of multiple positions, reducing the number of related sensors, and reducing the hardware cost to a certain extent when measuring multiple positions; When the box is not being measured, it is not placed above the plant population to be tested, which avoids the influence of the box on the growth of crops caused by factors such as light, temperature, water, air and heat, and ensures the natural growth environment of the plant population to be tested.
优选地，所述箱体1底部的边均具有锋利的边缘；Preferably, the sides of the bottom of the box body 1 have sharp edges;
所述箱体1顶部安装有液压装置10，所述液压装置10用于将所述箱体1底部压入到土壤中。A hydraulic device 10 is installed on the top of the box body 1, and the hydraulic device 10 is used to press the bottom of the box body 1 into the soil.
优选地，箱体1底部的四条边均具有锋利的边缘。Preferably, the four sides of the bottom of the box body 1 all have sharp edges.
优选地，箱体1顶部的四个角，分别安装有液压装置10，其中液压装置10为电动液压装置。Preferably, the four corners of the top of the box body 1 are respectively installed with hydraulic devices 10, wherein the hydraulic devices 10 are electro-hydraulic devices.
优选地，箱体1被放下后，通过液压装置10将箱体1下部进入土层10-20cm，从而避免箱体底部空气的流动。Preferably, after the box body 1 is put down, the lower part of the box body 1 enters the soil layer by 10-20 cm through the hydraulic device 10, so as to avoid the flow of air at the bottom of the box body.
在本发明又一个实施例中，在上述实施例的基础上，所述第一传感器箱6的内部布置有第一光合有效辐射传感器、气体温湿度传感器、图像传感器、高光谱传感器、多光谱传感器、大气压传感器和二氧化碳浓度传感器；其中，In yet another embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of the above embodiments, the first photosynthetically active radiation sensor, gas temperature and humidity sensor, image sensor, hyperspectral sensor, and multispectral sensor are arranged inside the first sensor box 6 , atmospheric pressure sensor and carbon dioxide concentration sensor; where,
所述第一光合有效辐射传感器，用于检测所述植物群体上部的光照强度；The first photosynthetically active radiation sensor is used to detect the light intensity of the upper part of the plant group;
所述气体温湿度传感器，用于检测所述箱体1内的温度和湿度；The gas temperature and humidity sensor is used to detect the temperature and humidity in the box 1;
所述图像传感器，用于检测所述植物群体的图像；The image sensor is used to detect the image of the plant population;
所述高光谱传感器和多光谱传感器，用于获取所述植物群体的光谱数据和成像光谱图像数据；The hyperspectral sensor and the multispectral sensor are used to acquire spectral data and imaging spectral image data of the plant population;
所述大气压传感器，用于检测所述箱体1内的大气压；The atmospheric pressure sensor is used to detect the atmospheric pressure in the box 1;
所述二氧化碳浓度传感器，用于检测所述箱体1内的二氧化碳浓度。The carbon dioxide concentration sensor is used to detect the carbon dioxide concentration in the box 1 .
具体地，箱体移动装置将箱体1移动至目标植物群体上方并覆盖，保证下部的封闭性，箱体1固定后，通过第一传感器箱6内置的光合有效辐射传感器测量得到箱体1内的光照强度，通过调节电致变色材料的颜色，实现自然光线的遮光效果；通过第一传感器箱6内置的温湿度传感器，实时检测箱体1内的温湿度；通过除湿降温装置通气口5，连接外置的除湿器或空调扇，结合箱体1内置的风扇3与风筒4，实现温湿度的控制；通过第一传感器箱6内置的图像传感器、高光谱传感器和多光谱传感器获取箱体1内部植物群体的图像，结合图像分割方法提取箱体1内植物群体的覆盖度；通过大气压传感器和二氧化碳浓度传感器测量箱体内部植物在一段时间内的CO2浓度变化、大气压变化；通过箱体内部植物在一段时间内的CO2浓度变化、大气压变化、湿度变化、箱体体积、箱体内的温度等数据进行测量，结合植物群体覆盖度，实现群体光合速率的测定；通过补光灯和电致变色材料的调节，控制箱体内光强的变化，结合上述植物群体光合速率的测定方法，可测定不同光照强度下的光合速率，即获取植物群体的光反应曲线。Specifically, the box moving device moves the box 1 to the top of the target plant group and covers it to ensure the sealing of the lower part. After the box 1 is fixed, the photosynthetically active radiation sensor built in the first sensor box 6 measures the inside of the box 1. By adjusting the color of the electrochromic material, the shading effect of natural light can be realized; through the temperature and humidity sensor built in the first sensor box 6, the temperature and humidity in the box 1 can be detected in real time; through the vent 5 of the dehumidification and cooling device, Connect an external dehumidifier or air-conditioning fan, and combine the built-in fan 3 and air duct 4 of the box 1 to realize temperature and humidity control; the built-in image sensor, hyperspectral sensor and multispectral sensor of the first sensor box 6 can obtain the temperature and humidity of the box. 1 The image of the internal plant population, combined with the image segmentation method to extract the coverage of the plant population in the box 1; through the atmospheric pressure sensor and the carbon dioxide concentration sensor to measure the CO 2 concentration change and the atmospheric pressure change of the plants inside the box within a period of time; through the box The CO 2 concentration change, atmospheric pressure change, humidity change, box volume, temperature in the box and other data of the internal plants are measured within a period of time, combined with the coverage of the plant population, the determination of the group photosynthetic rate is realized; through the supplementary light and electric The adjustment of the chromogenic material controls the change of the light intensity in the box, combined with the above method for measuring the photosynthetic rate of the plant population, the photosynthetic rate under different light intensities can be measured, that is, the light response curve of the plant population can be obtained.
在本发明又一个实施例中，在上述实施例的基础上，还包括：补光灯7、侧面图像获取单元以及气体混匀装置；其中，In yet another embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of the above embodiments, it also includes: a supplementary light 7, a side image acquisition unit, and a gas mixing device; wherein,
所述补光灯7安装在所述箱体1内部，用于对所述箱体1内的植物群体补光；The fill light 7 is installed inside the box 1 for supplementing light to the plant groups in the box 1;
所述侧面图像获取单元9布置在所述箱体1内部的一个侧面上，用于获取所述植物群体的侧面图像。The side image acquisition unit 9 is arranged on one side inside the box 1 for acquiring side images of the plant population.
所述气体混匀装置设置在所述箱体1内部的一个侧面上，包括风扇3和风筒4；The gas mixing device is arranged on one side of the inside of the box 1, including a fan 3 and a blower 4;
所述风扇3布置在所述风筒4的进风口处。The fan 3 is arranged at the air inlet of the air duct 4 .
其中，风筒4的外形可以是各种中空管状结构；优选地，为中空圆筒形，两端包括进气口和出气口，进气口在上，进气口上安装风扇3，出气口在下面，出气口处安装弯头，使得气体吹向水平方向。具体的气流方向为，风扇3吸进箱体1上部的气体，通过导气管传送到箱体1下部，再由弯头改变气流的方向为水平风向，吹向箱体1下部中央区域。Wherein, the shape of the air duct 4 can be various hollow tubular structures; preferably, it is hollow cylindrical, and the two ends include an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is on the top, the fan 3 is installed on the air inlet, and the air outlet is on the Below, an elbow is installed at the gas outlet so that the gas is blown to the horizontal direction. The specific airflow direction is that the fan 3 sucks the gas in the upper part of the box body 1, transmits it to the lower part of the box body 1 through the air duct, and then changes the direction of the airflow to the horizontal wind direction by the elbow, and blows it to the central area of the lower part of the box body 1.
其中，气体混匀装置可以使气体混匀效率较高，而且加工制作成本较低。Among them, the gas mixing device can make the gas mixing efficiency higher, and the manufacturing cost is lower.
其中，箱体1固定后，通过第一传感器箱6内置的光合有效辐射传感器测量得到箱体1内的光照强度，通过调节电致变色材料的颜色，实现自然光线的遮光效果；通过调节箱体1内补光灯7的强弱实现补光效果；综合利用上述遮光与补光方法，可实现箱体1内阴天、多云、晴天的模拟。Wherein, after the box body 1 is fixed, the light intensity in the box body 1 is measured by the photosynthetically active radiation sensor built in the first sensor box 6, and the shading effect of natural light is realized by adjusting the color of the electrochromic material; The strength of the supplementary light 7 in 1 realizes the supplementary light effect; the comprehensive utilization of the above-mentioned shading and supplementary light methods can realize the simulation of cloudy, cloudy and sunny days in the cabinet 1 .
优选地，侧面图像获取单元9为摄像机。Preferably, the side image acquisition unit 9 is a video camera.
可以理解的是，借助侧面图像获取单元9在箱体1匀速下降过程中所拍摄的图像序列，将图像序列拼接为植物侧面图像，并基于图像提取方法提取最高点，结合相机分辨率计算株高；借助侧面图像获取单元9获取图像序列拼接的植物侧面图像，以及通过第一传感器箱6内置的图像传感器、高光谱传感器和多光谱传感器获取箱体1内部植物群体的图像，形成立体图像，并基于这些立体图像提取植物的三维骨架；利用所提取的三维骨架，结合植物三维可视资源库中的器官模板，以及骨架驱动的网格变形方法，生成箱体1内植物群体的三维模型。It can be understood that, with the help of the image sequence captured by the side image acquisition unit 9 during the uniform descent of the box body 1, the image sequence is spliced into a plant side image, and the highest point is extracted based on the image extraction method, and the plant height is calculated in combination with the camera resolution Obtain the side image of the plant that the image sequence is mosaiced by means of the side image acquisition unit 9, and obtain the image of the plant group inside the casing 1 through the built-in image sensor, hyperspectral sensor and multispectral sensor of the first sensor box 6, form a stereoscopic image, and Extract the 3D skeleton of the plant based on these stereo images; use the extracted 3D skeleton, combine the organ template in the plant 3D visual resource library, and the mesh deformation method driven by the skeleton to generate a 3D model of the plant population in the box 1.
在本发明又一个实施例中，在上述实施例的基础上，还包括：滑动支撑杆11、可滑动的光合有效辐射传感器12以及第二传感器箱13；其中，In another embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of the above embodiments, it also includes: a sliding support rod 11, a slidable photosynthetically active radiation sensor 12 and a second sensor box 13; wherein,
所述第二传感器箱13布置在所述箱体1顶部的外表面，所述第二传感器箱13的内部布置有第二光合有效辐射传感器和气体温湿度传感器；The second sensor box 13 is arranged on the outer surface of the top of the box body 1, and a second photosynthetically active radiation sensor and a gas temperature and humidity sensor are arranged inside the second sensor box 13;
所述第二光合有效辐射传感器，用于测量所述箱体1外部的光照强度；The second photosynthetically active radiation sensor is used to measure the light intensity outside the box 1;
所述气体温湿度传感器，用于测量所述箱体1外部的温度和湿度。The gas temperature and humidity sensor is used to measure the temperature and humidity outside the box 1 .
所述滑动支撑杆11竖直设置在所述箱体1内部的框架上；The sliding support rod 11 is vertically arranged on the frame inside the box body 1;
所述可滑动光合有效辐射传感器12，在所述滑动支撑杆11上面上下滑动，用于检测所述植物群体光照强度。The slidable photosynthetically active radiation sensor 12 slides up and down on the sliding support rod 11 to detect the light intensity of the plant population.
具体地，通过第二光合有效辐射传感器测量箱体1外部的光照强度；Specifically, the light intensity outside the box 1 is measured by the second photosynthetically active radiation sensor;
通过气体温湿度传感器测量箱体1外部的温度和湿度。通过上述测量数据为决策者提供实时的参考数据。The temperature and humidity outside the box body 1 are measured by a gas temperature and humidity sensor. Provide real-time reference data for decision makers through the above measurement data.
具体地，滑动支撑杆11竖直设置在箱体1内部的框架上，可以沿着框架左右滑动；可滑动光合有效辐射传感器12在滑动支撑杆11上面上下滑动；滑动支撑杆11结合可滑动的光合有效辐射传感器12用于检测植物群体任意位置的光照强度。Specifically, the sliding support rod 11 is vertically arranged on the frame inside the box body 1, and can slide left and right along the frame; the slidable photosynthetically active radiation sensor 12 slides up and down on the sliding support rod 11; The photosynthetically active radiation sensor 12 is used to detect the light intensity of any position of the plant population.
可以理解的是，利用滑动支撑杆11和可滑动光合有效辐射传感器12，可实现箱体1内不同高度光合有效辐射的测定；利用第一传感器箱6的内部布置有第一光合有效辐射传感器，可测量得到植物群体上部的光照强度，并结合植物群体内三维光分布计算方法，实现植物群体内不同位置的光合有效辐射分布计算，结合上述不同高度光合有效辐射测定值，可实现植物群体内光合有效辐射分布模拟的校准。It can be understood that, by using the sliding support rod 11 and the slidable photosynthetically active radiation sensor 12, the measurement of photosynthetically active radiation at different heights in the box body 1 can be realized; the first photosynthetically active radiation sensor is arranged inside the first sensor box 6, It can measure the light intensity of the upper part of the plant group, and combine the three-dimensional light distribution calculation method in the plant group to realize the calculation of the distribution of photosynthetically active radiation at different positions in the plant group. Calibration of effective radiation distribution simulations.
在本发明的一个实施例中，提供一种植物群体微环境控制方法，包括：In one embodiment of the present invention, a kind of plant population microenvironmental control method is provided, comprising:
利用第一传感器箱内部设置的第一光合有效辐射传感器测量得到箱体内部的光照强度，通过调节所述箱体上覆盖的电致变色材料的颜色，调节所述箱体内部的光照强度，其中，所述第一传感器箱设置在所述箱体的内部；Use the first photosynthetically active radiation sensor installed inside the first sensor box to measure the light intensity inside the box, and adjust the light intensity inside the box by adjusting the color of the electrochromic material covered on the box, wherein , the first sensor box is arranged inside the box;
利用所述第一传感器箱内部设置的气体温湿度传感器测量得到所述箱体内部的温度和湿度，将除湿机或空调扇的换气管通过除湿降温装置通气口进入所述箱体的内部，调节所述箱体内部的温度和湿度。Use the gas temperature and humidity sensor installed inside the first sensor box to measure the temperature and humidity inside the box, and enter the ventilation pipe of the dehumidifier or air-conditioning fan into the inside of the box through the vent of the dehumidification and cooling device, and adjust The temperature and humidity inside the box.
其中，箱体的可以为正方体或者长方体，优选地，在本实施例中选择正方体。箱体的材料采用轻质量的材料，例如，铝合金等，以保证整个箱体质量较小，易于移动。Wherein, the box can be a cube or a cuboid, preferably, a cube is selected in this embodiment. The material of the box body is light-weight material, such as aluminum alloy, etc., so as to ensure that the whole box body has a small mass and is easy to move.
其中，箱体的高度根据待测植物的高度来确定。Wherein, the height of the box is determined according to the height of the plant to be measured.
可以理解的是，通过第一传感器箱内置的光合有效辐射传感器测量得到箱体内的光照强度，通过调节电致变色材料的颜色，实现自然光线的遮光效果；通过第一传感器箱内置的温湿度传感器，实时检测箱体内的温湿度，通过除湿降温装置通气口，连接外置的除湿器或空调扇，实现温湿度的控制。It can be understood that the light intensity in the box is measured by the photosynthetically active radiation sensor built in the first sensor box, and the shading effect of natural light is realized by adjusting the color of the electrochromic material; the built-in temperature and humidity sensor of the first sensor box , Real-time detection of temperature and humidity in the box, through the vent of the dehumidification and cooling device, connect the external dehumidifier or air-conditioning fan to realize the control of temperature and humidity.
本实施例提供了一种植物群体微环境控制方法，将箱体放置在待测量位置，通过第一传感器箱内的传感器对植物群体进行检测，根据检测结果利用箱体表面覆盖有电致变色材料以及除湿机或空调扇的作用，来调节箱体内部的光照强度、温度以及湿度。一个箱体可实现多个位置的测量，减少了相关传感器个数，当对多个位置进行测量时，在一定程度上降低了硬件成本；箱体在不测量时，不放置在待测植物群体上方，避免了箱体对光温水气热等因素对作物生长造成的影响，保证了待测植物群体的自然生长环境。This embodiment provides a method for controlling the microenvironment of the plant population. The box is placed at the position to be measured, and the plant population is detected through the sensor in the first sensor box. According to the detection result, the surface of the box is covered with an electrochromic material And the role of dehumidifier or air conditioning fan to adjust the light intensity, temperature and humidity inside the box. One box can realize the measurement of multiple locations, reducing the number of related sensors. When measuring multiple locations, the hardware cost is reduced to a certain extent; when the box is not being measured, it is not placed in the plant population to be measured. Above, the influence of factors such as light, temperature, water, air and heat on the box body is avoided on the growth of crops, and the natural growth environment of the plant population to be tested is guaranteed.
其中，箱体内部还设置有气体混匀装置，气体混匀装置设置在箱体内部的一个侧面上，包括风扇和风筒；风筒的外形可以是各种中空管状结构；优选地，为中空圆筒形，两端包括进气口和出气口，进气口在上，进气口上安装风扇，出气口在下面，出气口处安装弯头，使得气体吹向水平方向。具体的气流方向为，风扇吸进箱体上部的气体，通过导气管传送到箱体下部，再由弯头改变气流的方向为水平风向，吹向箱体下部中央区域。Wherein, the inside of the box is also provided with a gas mixing device, which is arranged on one side of the inside of the box, including a fan and a blower; the shape of the blower can be various hollow tubular structures; preferably, it is a hollow round Cylindrical, both ends include an air inlet and an air outlet, the air inlet is on the top, a fan is installed on the air inlet, the air outlet is on the bottom, and an elbow is installed on the air outlet to make the gas blow to the horizontal direction. The specific airflow direction is that the fan sucks the air in the upper part of the box, transmits it to the lower part of the box through the air duct, and then changes the direction of the airflow to the horizontal wind direction by the elbow, and blows it to the central area of the lower part of the box.
其中，箱体内部还设置有补光灯，补光灯安装在箱体内部，用于对箱体内的植物群体补光。Wherein, a supplementary light is also provided inside the cabinet, and the supplementary light is installed inside the cabinet for supplementing light to the plant groups in the cabinet.
其中，第一传感器箱里面还布置有图像传感器、高光谱传感器、多光谱传感器、大气压传感器和二氧化碳浓度传感器。图像传感器，用于检测所述植物群体的图像；高光谱传感器和多光谱传感器，用于获取所述植物群体的光谱数据和成像光谱图像数据；大气压传感器，用于检测所述箱体内的大气压；二氧化碳浓度传感器，用于检测所述箱体内的二氧化碳浓度。Wherein, an image sensor, a hyperspectral sensor, a multispectral sensor, an atmospheric pressure sensor and a carbon dioxide concentration sensor are arranged in the first sensor box. An image sensor is used to detect the image of the plant population; a hyperspectral sensor and a multi-spectral sensor are used to obtain spectral data and imaging spectrum image data of the plant population; an atmospheric pressure sensor is used to detect the atmospheric pressure in the box; The carbon dioxide concentration sensor is used to detect the carbon dioxide concentration in the box.
其中，箱体内部还包括滑动支撑杆和可滑动的光合有效辐射传感器；滑动支撑杆竖直设置在箱体内部的框架上；可滑动光合有效辐射传感器在滑动支撑杆上面上下滑动；滑动支撑杆结合可滑动的光合有效辐射传感器用于检测植物群体任意位置的光照强度。Wherein, the inside of the box body also includes a sliding support rod and a slidable photosynthetic active radiation sensor; the sliding support rod is vertically arranged on the frame inside the box body; the slidable photosynthetically active radiation sensor slides up and down on the sliding support rod; the sliding support rod Combined with a slidable photosynthetically active radiation sensor, it is used to detect the light intensity at any position of the plant population.
在本发明又一个实施例中，在上述实施例的基础上，还包括：In yet another embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of the above embodiments, it also includes:
移动装置和布置在所述箱体的顶部提升与放置连接单元连接；The mobile device is connected to the lifting and placing connection unit arranged on the top of the box;
通过所述移动装置对所述箱体的位置进行提升和放置。The position of the box is lifted and placed by the moving device.
优选地，提升与放置连接单元一共设置个，分别布置在箱体的顶部的四条边的正中间位置。Preferably, there are a total of lifting and placing connecting units, which are arranged in the middle of the four sides of the top of the box respectively.
其中，箱体的移动装置有以下三种：Among them, the moving device of the box has the following three types:
轨道机械式移动：在待测量作物群体上部搭建传输轨道，轨道周边有加固装置，保证轨道的稳定性；轨道高大于箱体高度的2倍；轨道上有可移动的伸缩装置，伸缩装置底部用于连接箱体的提升与放置连接单元8，通过伸缩装置实现轨道的提升与放置，箱体被提升后通过伸缩装置在轨道上的移动，实现箱体在不同测量位置间的移动与放置。Track mechanical movement: The transmission track is built on the upper part of the crop group to be measured, and there are reinforcement devices around the track to ensure the stability of the track; the height of the track is greater than twice the height of the box; there is a movable telescopic device on the track, and the bottom of the telescopic device is used The lifting and placing connection unit 8 connected to the box realizes the lifting and placing of the track through the telescopic device. After the box is lifted, the telescopic device moves on the track to realize the movement and placement of the box between different measurement positions.
车载升降式移动：利用带有升降物品功能的车，通过将车载升降机与箱体连接，实现箱体的提升、放置与不同测量位置间的移动与放置。Vehicle-mounted lifting movement: use a car with the function of lifting objects, and connect the vehicle-mounted elevator with the box to realize the lifting, placement, and movement and placement of the box between different measurement positions.
无人机吊装式移动：利用大载荷无人机，配备3-4根(保证箱体被提升或放置时的稳定性)可伸缩的连接装置，底部用于连接箱体的提升与放置连接单元，实现箱体的提升、放置与不同测量位置间的移动与放置。UAV hoisting movement: UAV with large load is used, equipped with 3-4 telescopic connecting devices (to ensure the stability of the box when it is lifted or placed), and the bottom is used to connect the lifting and placing connection unit of the box , to realize the lifting and placement of the box and the movement and placement between different measurement positions.
优选地，箱体底部的四条边均具有锋利的边缘。锋利的边缘可以更方便的让箱体下部进入土层。Preferably, all four sides of the bottom of the box have sharp edges. The sharp edges make it easier for the lower part of the box to enter the soil layer.
优选地，箱体顶部的四个角，分别安装有液压装置，其中液压装置为电动液压装置。Preferably, the four corners of the top of the box are respectively equipped with hydraulic devices, wherein the hydraulic devices are electro-hydraulic devices.
优选地，箱体被放下后，通过液压装置将箱体下部进入土层10-20cm。Preferably, after the box body is put down, the lower part of the box body is inserted into the soil layer by 10-20 cm through a hydraulic device.
在本发明又一个实施例中，在上述实施例的基础上，还包括：In yet another embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of the above embodiments, it also includes:
布置在所述箱体内部的侧面图像获取单元，在所述箱体匀速下降过程中拍摄植物群体的图像序列，将所述图像序列拼接为植物群体侧面图像，并基于图像提取方法提取最高点，结合分辨率计算株高；a side image acquisition unit arranged inside the box, taking an image sequence of the plant population during the uniform descent of the box, splicing the image sequence into a side image of the plant population, and extracting the highest point based on an image extraction method, Combined with the resolution to calculate the plant height;
通过所述植物群体侧面图像、株高以及通过所述第一传感器箱内置的图像传感器、高光谱传感器和多光谱传感器获取的植物群体图像，获取立体图像，并基于所述立体图像提取所述植物群体的三维骨架；Obtain a stereoscopic image through the side image of the plant population, plant height, and the image sensor, hyperspectral sensor, and multispectral sensor built in the first sensor box, and extract the plant based on the stereoscopic image. The three-dimensional skeleton of the group;
基于所述三维骨架，结合植物三维可视资源库中的器官模板，以及骨架驱动的网格变形方法，生成所述植物群体的三维模型。Based on the three-dimensional skeleton, combined with the organ template in the plant three-dimensional visual resource library, and the mesh deformation method driven by the skeleton, the three-dimensional model of the plant group is generated.
优选地，侧面图像获取单元为摄像机。Preferably, the side image acquisition unit is a camera.
可以理解的是，借助侧面图像获取单元在箱体匀速下降过程中所拍摄的图像序列，将图像序列拼接为植物侧面图像，并基于图像提取方法提取最高点，结合相机分辨率计算株高；借助侧面图像获取单元获取图像序列拼接的植物侧面图像、株高以及通过第一传感器箱内置的图像传感器、高光谱传感器和多光谱传感器获取箱体内部植物群体的图像，形成立体图像，并基于这些立体图像提取植物的三维骨架；利用所提取的三维骨架，结合植物三维可视资源库中的器官模板，以及骨架驱动的网格变形方法，生成箱体内植物群体的三维模型。It can be understood that, with the help of the image sequence captured by the side image acquisition unit during the uniform descent of the box, the image sequence is spliced into a side image of the plant, and the highest point is extracted based on the image extraction method, and the plant height is calculated in combination with the camera resolution; The side image acquisition unit acquires the side image of the plant spliced by the image sequence, the height of the plant, and acquires images of the plant population inside the box through the image sensor, hyperspectral sensor and multispectral sensor built in the first sensor box to form a stereoscopic image, and based on these stereoscopic The three-dimensional skeleton of the plant is extracted from the image; the three-dimensional model of the plant population in the box is generated by using the extracted three-dimensional skeleton, combined with the organ template in the plant three-dimensional visual resource library, and the mesh deformation method driven by the skeleton.
在本发明又一个实施例中，在上述实施例的基础上，利用布置在所述箱体内部的滑动支撑杆和可滑动光合有效辐射传感器，测量所述箱体内不同高度光合有效辐射；In yet another embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, the photosynthetically active radiation at different heights in the box is measured by using a sliding support rod and a slidable photosynthetically active radiation sensor arranged inside the box;
利用所述第一光合有效辐射传感器，测量所述植物群体上部的光照强度，并基于植物群体内三维光分布计算方法，计算所述植物群体内不同位置的光合有效辐射分布；Using the first photosynthetically active radiation sensor to measure the light intensity on the upper part of the plant population, and calculate the distribution of photosynthetically active radiation at different positions in the plant population based on the three-dimensional light distribution calculation method within the plant population;
基于上述不同位置的光合有效辐射测定值，实现所述植物群体内光合有效辐射分布模拟的校准。Based on the above measured values of photosynthetically active radiation at different locations, the simulation of photosynthetically active radiation distribution within the plant population is calibrated.
其中，利用滑动支撑杆和可滑动光合有效辐射传感器，可实现箱体内不同高度光合有效辐射的测定；利用第一传感器箱的内部布置有第一光合有效辐射传感器，可测量得到植物群体上部的光照强度，并结合植物群体内三维光分布计算方法，实现植物群体内不同位置的光合有效辐射分布计算，结合上述不同高度光合有效辐射测定值，可实现植物群体内光合有效辐射分布模拟的校准。Among them, the measurement of photosynthetically active radiation at different heights in the box can be realized by using the sliding support rod and the slidable photosynthetically active radiation sensor; the first photosynthetically active radiation sensor is arranged inside the first sensor box, and the light on the upper part of the plant group can be measured. Intensity, combined with the three-dimensional light distribution calculation method in the plant population, realizes the calculation of the distribution of photosynthetically active radiation at different positions in the plant population, and combines the above-mentioned measured values of photosynthetically active radiation at different heights to realize the calibration of the simulation of the distribution of photosynthetically active radiation in the plant population.
在本发明又一个实施例中，在上述实施例的基础上，通过所述第一传感器箱内置的图像传感器、高光谱传感器和多光谱传感器获取箱体内部植物群体的图像，结合图像分割方法提取箱体内植物群体的覆盖度；In yet another embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of the above embodiments, the image sensor, hyperspectral sensor, and multispectral sensor built in the first sensor box are used to obtain images of the plant population inside the box, and the image segmentation method is used to extract The coverage of the plant population in the box;
基于所述箱体内部植物群体的CO2浓度变化、大气压变化、湿度变化、箱体体积、箱体内的温度以及所述植物群体覆盖度，测量所述植物群体的光合速率；Based on the CO2 concentration change, atmospheric pressure change, humidity change, box volume, temperature in the box and the coverage of the plant population in the box, measure the photosynthetic rate of the plant population;
基于所述箱体内的光照强度和所述植物群体的光合速率，获取所述植物群体的光反应曲线。Based on the light intensity in the box and the photosynthetic rate of the plant population, the light response curve of the plant population is obtained.
其中，通过第一传感器箱内置的图像传感器、高光谱传感器和多光谱传感器获取箱体内部植物群体的图像，结合图像分割方法提取箱体内植物群体的覆盖度。Among them, the image sensor, hyperspectral sensor and multi-spectral sensor built in the first sensor box are used to obtain the image of the plant population inside the box, and the coverage of the plant population in the box is extracted by combining the image segmentation method.
其中，通过大气压传感器和二氧化碳浓度传感器测量箱体内部植物在一段时间内的CO2浓度变化、大气压变化；通过箱体内部植物在一段时间内的CO2浓度变化、大气压变化、湿度变化、箱体体积、箱体内的温度等数据进行测量，结合植物群体覆盖度，实现群体光合速率的测定；通过补光灯和电致变色材料的调节，控制箱体内光强的变化，结合上述植物群体光合速率的测定方法，可测定不同光照强度下的光合速率，即获取植物群体的光反应曲线。Among them, the CO2 concentration change and atmospheric pressure change of the plants inside the box are measured by the atmospheric pressure sensor and the carbon dioxide concentration sensor for a period of time ; Volume, temperature and other data in the box are measured, combined with the coverage of the plant population, the determination of the photosynthetic rate of the group is realized; through the adjustment of the supplementary light and the electrochromic material, the change of the light intensity in the box is controlled, and the photosynthetic rate of the above-mentioned plant group is combined. The measurement method can measure the photosynthetic rate under different light intensities, that is, obtain the light response curve of the plant population.
本实施例提供了一种植物群体微环境控制方法，在保证待测量作物群体在不测量时的自然生长的前提下，可以实现待测植物群体微环境精确控制，包括光环境、温湿度等，同时实现作物群体形态结构、同化速率、光分布光、反应曲线等的测量。This embodiment provides a method for controlling the microenvironment of the plant population, which can realize precise control of the microenvironment of the plant population to be measured, including light environment, temperature and humidity, etc., under the premise of ensuring the natural growth of the crop population to be measured when it is not being measured. At the same time, it realizes the measurement of crop population morphological structure, assimilation rate, light distribution, response curve, etc.
虽然结合附图描述了本发明的实施方式，但是本领域技术人员可以在不脱离本发明的精神和范围的情况下做出各种修改和变型，这样的修改和变型均落入由所附权利要求所限定的范围之内。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. within the bounds of the requirements.
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| CN201710706881.2A Active CN107624449B (en) | 2017-08-17 | 2017-08-17 | Plant population microenvironment control device and method |
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| CN109699349A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-05-03 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | One plant growth 3D live broadcast device |
| CN110089307A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-06 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of root system of plant automation imaging system based on double cylinder cultivating containers |
| CN110181513A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-30 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | Crop canopies phenotype and assimilation synchro measure robot |
| CN110239640A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-09-17 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | Crop canopy assimilation measurement robot |
| CN112840909A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-05-28 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Automatic box passive temperature increasing device in field and test station |
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| CN116389857A (en) * | 2023-06-07 | 2023-07-04 | 北京市农林科学院信息技术研究中心 | Plant phenotype collection platform, method, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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| CN109699349A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-05-03 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | One plant growth 3D live broadcast device |
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| CN110089307A (en) * | 2019-05-14 | 2019-08-06 | 南京农业大学 | A kind of root system of plant automation imaging system based on double cylinder cultivating containers |
| CN110181513A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-30 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | Crop canopies phenotype and assimilation synchro measure robot |
| CN110239640A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-09-17 | 北京农业信息技术研究中心 | Crop canopy assimilation measurement robot |
| CN112840909B (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2022-08-09 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Automatic box passive temperature increasing device in field and test station |
| CN112840909A (en) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-05-28 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Automatic box passive temperature increasing device in field and test station |
| US20230066465A1 (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2023-03-02 | Glass Dyenamics, Inc. | Window and entryway systems with variable light transmission panels |
| US12140848B2 (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2024-11-12 | Glass Dyenamics, Inc. | Window and entryway systems with variable light transmission panels |
| US12197097B2 (en) | 2021-07-01 | 2025-01-14 | Glass Dynamics, Inc. | Entryway systems with variable light transmission panels |
| CN113822896A (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2021-12-21 | 北京市农林科学院信息技术研究中心 | Plant population three-dimensional phenotype data acquisition device and method |
| CN113822896B (en) * | 2021-08-31 | 2024-04-23 | 北京市农林科学院信息技术研究中心 | A plant population three-dimensional phenotypic data acquisition device and method |
| CN114467573A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-05-13 | 贵州大学 | Environment-controllable phenotype wall for crop cultivation and storage |
| CN115885741A (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2023-04-04 | 中国航天员科研训练中心 | Space plant cultivation atmosphere control system |
| CN116389857A (en) * | 2023-06-07 | 2023-07-04 | 北京市农林科学院信息技术研究中心 | Plant phenotype collection platform, method, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN116389857B (en) * | 2023-06-07 | 2023-09-12 | 北京市农林科学院信息技术研究中心 | Plant phenotype acquisition platform, method, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN117420275A (en) * | 2023-12-18 | 2024-01-19 | 西安多普多信息科技有限公司 | Photosynthetic rate detection apparatus, photosynthetic rate detection method, storage medium, and electronic device |
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