CN107615951B - Strong-discharging and strong-opening direct-cutting hill-drop planter for corn - Google Patents
Strong-discharging and strong-opening direct-cutting hill-drop planter for corn Download PDFInfo
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- CN107615951B CN107615951B CN201710943513.XA CN201710943513A CN107615951B CN 107615951 B CN107615951 B CN 107615951B CN 201710943513 A CN201710943513 A CN 201710943513A CN 107615951 B CN107615951 B CN 107615951B
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural cultivation hole-forming devices, in particular to a strong-discharging and strong-opening direct-insertion hole sowing machine for corns. The seed sowing machine is characterized in that the front of the lower end outside the rack is connected with a front wheel shaft through a bearing with a seat, a differential is arranged in the middle of the front wheel shaft, a power output shaft of a motor is connected with the differential through a chain wheel mechanism, an electromagnetic clutch is installed on the upper side of the middle end inside the rack and connected with the power output shaft of the motor through the chain wheel mechanism, the electromagnetic clutch is connected with a horizontal speed compensation mechanism, a conjugate cam mechanism and a power input shaft of a seed sowing device through the chain wheel mechanism, a straight-insertion seed sowing device is arranged below the horizontal speed compensation mechanism, the rear end outside the rack is vertically connected with a steering shaft through the bearing with the seat, the lower end of the steering shaft is connected with a rear wheel through two connecting rods. The method effectively solves the problems that the sowing under the film and the sowing qualification rate are greatly influenced by the ground and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural cultivation hole-forming devices, in particular to a strong-discharging and strong-opening direct-insertion hole sowing machine for corns.
Background
The Gansu geographical environment is severe, the ten years are nine drought, and the mulching film covering technology can increase the temperature and preserve the soil moisture to the maximum extent. At present, most of the film-mulching sowing machines in China adopt a mode of firstly sowing and then spreading films, manual or mechanical film breaking is needed before seedling emergence, and the operation procedures and labor intensity are increased. The on-film punching and seeding technology punches and seeds on the film, and the seedling placing process is omitted.
The principle of direct-insert sowing is firstly proposed in 1993. Since then, a great deal of research is being carried out on the direct-cutting seeding in China. The dried Liu military in 2001 adopts a parallel four-bar mechanism to be applied to a wheat direct-insertion type film-mulching hill planter. A direct-insertion type seeder of a dry land corn full-film covering double-ridge furrow seeder is designed in 2010 Zhao, a cam and crank combined mechanism is adopted to control a hole forming device, the horizontal absolute speed of the hole forming device in a seeding time period is zero, and the problems of high hole rate, unreliable duckbill opening, film tearing and the like of the corn seeder are solved. Aiming at the requirements of the dry land corn full-film double-ridge furrow sowing operation in the northwest region successively, Gansu agricultural university adopts a cam-slider-crank mechanism and a motion amplification mechanism to realize 'zero-speed' seed throwing of the hole forming device, and solves the problems of film picking, film tearing, seed hole and seedling dislocation and the like during the operation of the traditional seeder. The rotating guide rod mechanism is connected with the sine mechanism in series, and the forced-seeding mechanism is combined, so that the problem of blockage of a plurality of seeds, cavities and a hole forming device which is easily caused by a hole seeding operation mode is effectively solved. Aiming at the problem of mechanized seeding of corn for seed production in northwest areas, the forward speed compensation mechanism is designed by combining seeding conditions and agricultural requirements of the corn for seed production, and the forward speed compensation of the machine is carried out by driving the parallel four-bar mechanism by the rotating guide rod mechanism to realize that the horizontal displacement difference of the hole-forming device during the soil-entering seeding and soil-discharging period is close to zero.
The 'autumn mulching film' and 'top-rabdosia mulching film' in northwest areas have obvious advantages compared with the traditional mulching film, and the 'autumn mulching film' is used for mulching in autumn and keeping rainfall in March (7, 8 and 9 months) for sprouting and rooting of the corn seeds in 4 months in the next year; the 'top up film covering' is to avoid soil moisture loss of the earth surface in the 'day and night freezing' process, but the seeding difficulty is larger. Aiming at the two film covering modes, the Gansu adopts manual work or simple machinery generally, the labor intensity is high, and the sowing qualification rate is low. The on-film sowing machine developed in China almost mainly adopts a roller type sowing machine, when shallow crops are sowed, the influence of the motion trail hypocycloid of the hole forming machine on the mulching film is small, when the crops are deep, the problems of film picking, film scraping and the like are easily caused, and the film hole cracking is aggravated by windy conditions in the northwest; meanwhile, the disturbance of the soil around the seeds is large, so that the germination period of the seeds is longer. The direct-cutting seeding technology adopts a puncher to punch holes in soil covered by a mulching film, and only the holes are opened to facilitate soil moisture conservation and drought resistance, but the seeding performance of passive direct-cutting hole seeding in the prior art is greatly influenced by the height of the ground.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a strong-discharging and strong-starting direct-insertion corn hill-drop planter, which effectively solves the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the corn direct-insert hole sowing machine is characterized in that the front part of the lower end outside the frame is connected with a front wheel shaft through a bearing with a seat, a differential is arranged in the middle of the front wheel shaft, front wheels are arranged at two ends of the front wheel shaft, a motor is arranged at the front end inside the frame, a power output shaft of the motor is connected with the differential through a chain wheel mechanism, an electromagnetic clutch is arranged at the upper side of the middle end inside the frame and is connected with the power output shaft of the motor through the chain wheel mechanism, the electromagnetic clutch is connected with a horizontal speed compensation mechanism, a conjugate cam mechanism and a power input shaft of a seed sowing device through the chain wheel mechanism, a direct-insert seed sowing device is arranged below the horizontal speed compensation mechanism, the rear end outside the frame is vertically connected with a steering shaft through the bearing with the seat, the lower end of the steering shaft is connected with rear wheels through two connecting, the frame is also provided with a battery and a handle.
The horizontal speed compensation mechanism is arranged at the middle end outside the frame, the conjugate cam mechanism is arranged at the upper side of the front end outside the frame, and the seed metering device is arranged at the upper side of the rear end outside the frame.
The seed metering device comprises a mounting frame, a large seed box is mounted on the upper side of the mounting frame, seed boxes are symmetrically mounted on the lower side of the large seed box, a seed metering wheel is mounted in each seed box, and the seed metering wheel is connected with a chain wheel through a seed metering wheel shaft.
Horizontal velocity compensation mechanism include engaged driving non-circular gear and driven non-circular gear, driven non-circular gear and driving crank coaxial coupling, driving crank, driven crank, bunch planting pole and frame are connected through the articulated parallel four-bar linkage that constitutes, bunch planting pole and first slider and second slider sliding connection from top to bottom, first slider passes through the pressure spring and is connected with bunch planting pole upper end, first sprocket and driving crank coaxial coupling, second sprocket and driven crank coaxial coupling, first sprocket passes through the chain with the second sprocket and is connected, still be provided with the tape seat bearing on driving crank and the driven crank, the cut-through seed metering ware install on first slider and second slider.
The conjugate cam mechanism comprises an upper shaft and a lower shaft, wherein a driving cam and a driven cam are arranged on the upper shaft, two ends of the upper shaft are arranged on the rack through bearings with seats, one end of the upper shaft is fixedly connected with the chain wheel, two ends of the lower shaft are arranged on the rack through bearings with seats, a pull rod is fixedly connected with the middle of the lower shaft, and the pull rod is in contact connection with the driving cam and the driven cam.
The direct-insert seed metering device comprises a small seed box, a duckbill is fixedly connected to the lower end of the small seed box, a movable duckbill is hinged to the fixed duckbill, a seed metering wheel is mounted in the small seed box, one side of the seed metering wheel is fixedly connected with a seed metering wheel torsion bar, the other side of the seed metering wheel is mounted on the small seed box through a seed metering wheel shaft and a seed metering wheel shaft seat, the seed metering wheel torsion bar is connected with a pull rod through a shaft, the pull rod is mounted on the small seed box through a pull rod sliding seat, a sliding groove is fixedly connected to the movable duckbill, one end of a connecting rod is connected with the sliding groove, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to one end of the pull rod, the other end of the pull rod is connected with a pull rod.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the corn direct-planting hole sowing machine with strong discharging and strong starting is characterized in that a hole sowing rod in the hole sowing process is controlled through the matching of a pair of non-circular gear mechanisms and a parallel four-bar mechanism, and the speed of the hole sowing rod in the horizontal direction is close to zero in the hole sowing process when the whole machine moves forward. The conjugate cam mechanism and the forced-seeding-forced-opening direct-cutting hill planter work together to realize timely seeding of duckbills and accurate opening of duckbills at the bottom of a ditch in the hill planting process, so that the duckbills are prevented from being opened when soil is clamped, the duckbills at the non-working section are closed, the seeding wheel recovers the initial angle, and the problems that seeding under a film and the seeding qualification rate are greatly influenced by the ground can be effectively solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic left side view of the FIG. 1 construction of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the seed metering device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the horizontal velocity compensation mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic left side view of the FIG. 4 embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the conjugate cam mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic left side view of the structure of FIG. 6 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of an in-line seed meter configuration of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a left side view of the structure of fig. 8 according to the present invention.
Shown in the figure: 1. a frame; 2. a front wheel; 3. a rear wheel; 4. a motor; 5. a battery cell; 6. a handle; 7. a seed metering device; 7-1, a large seed box; 7-2, seed box; 7-3, a seed sowing wheel; 7-4, a seed shaft; 7-5, mounting a frame; 7-6, chain wheel; 8. a horizontal velocity compensation mechanism; 8-1, driving non-circular gear; 8-2, driven non-circular gear; 8-3, driving crank; 8-4, driven crank; 8-5, a hill-drop rod; 8-6, a first chain wheel; 8-7. a second sprocket; 8-8, bearing with seat; 8-9. a first slide block; 8-10. a second slide block; 9. a conjugate cam mechanism; 9-1, an active cam; 9-2, driven cam; 9-3, mounting an upper shaft; 9-4. chain wheel; 9-5, bearing seats; 9-6, a pull rod; 9-7, a lower shaft; 10. a direct-insertion seed sowing device; 10-1. small seed box; 10-2, fixing the duckbill; 10-3. movable duckbill; 10-4. torsion bar of seed wheel; 10-5, a seed wheel; 10-6, a chute; 10-7, connecting rod; 10-8, a pull rod; 10-9, a pull rod slide seat; 10-10. a slide; 10-11, a seed shaft; 10-12. a seed sowing wheel axle seat; 11. an electromagnetic clutch; 12. a connecting rod; 13. an electric push-pull rod; 14. a steering shaft; 15. a differential mechanism; 16. a front wheel axle; 17. and (3) a pipe.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in figures 1 to 9, the forced-discharging forced-start corn direct-insertion hole sowing machine comprises a frame 1 and is characterized in that the front of the lower end of the outside of the frame 1 is connected with a front wheel shaft 16 through a bearing with a seat, a differential mechanism 15 is arranged in the middle of the front wheel shaft 16, front wheels 2 are arranged at two ends of the front wheel shaft 16, a motor 4 is arranged at the front end of the inside of the frame 1, a power output shaft of the motor 4 is connected with the differential mechanism 15 through a chain wheel mechanism, an electromagnetic clutch 11 is arranged at the upper side of the middle end of the inside of the frame 1 and connected with the power output shaft of the motor 4 through a chain wheel mechanism, the electromagnetic clutch 11 is connected with a horizontal speed compensation mechanism 8, a conjugate cam mechanism 9 and a power input shaft of a seed sowing device 7 through the chain wheel mechanism, a direct-insertion seed sowing device 10 is arranged below the horizontal speed compensation, the lower end of a steering shaft 14 is connected with the rear wheel 3 through two connecting rods 12, the middle of each connecting rod 12 is connected with the upper end of the steering shaft 14 through an electric push-pull rod 13, and a battery 5 and a handle 6 are further arranged on the rack 1.
Further, the horizontal speed compensation mechanism 8 is arranged at the middle end of the outside of the frame 1, the conjugate cam mechanism 9 is arranged at the upper side of the front end of the outside of the frame 1, and the seed metering device 7 is arranged at the upper side of the rear end of the outside of the frame 1.
Further, the seed metering device 7 comprises a mounting frame 7-5, a large seed box 7-1 is mounted on the upper side of the mounting frame 7-5, seed boxes 7-2 are symmetrically mounted on the lower side of the large seed box 7-1, seed metering wheels 7-3 are mounted in the seed boxes 7-2, and the seed metering wheels 7-3 are connected with chain wheels 7-6 through seed metering wheel shafts 7-4.
Further, the horizontal speed compensation mechanism 8 comprises a driving noncircular gear 8-1 and a driven noncircular gear 8-2 which are meshed, the driven noncircular gear 8-2 is coaxially connected with a driving crank 8-3, the driving crank 8-3, a driven crank 8-4, a hill-drop rod 8-5 and the frame 1 are connected through hinges to form a parallel four-bar mechanism, the hill-drop rod 8-5 is connected with a first sliding block 8-9 and a second sliding block 8-10 in a vertical sliding manner, the first sliding block 8-9 is connected with the upper end of the hill-drop rod 8-5 through a pressure spring, a first chain wheel 8-6 is coaxially connected with the driving crank 8-3, a second chain wheel 8-7 is coaxially connected with the driven crank 8-4, the first chain wheel 8-6 is connected with the second chain wheel 8-7 through a chain, a bearing 8-8 with a seat is further arranged on the driving crank 8-3 and the driven crank 8-4, the straight-inserting seed metering device 10 is arranged on the first sliding block 8-9 and the second sliding block 8-10.
Further, the conjugate cam mechanism 9 comprises an upper shaft 9-3 and a lower shaft 9-7, a driving cam 9-1 and a driven cam 9-2 are arranged on the upper shaft 9-3, two ends of the upper shaft 9-3 are mounted on the frame 1 through bearings 9-5 with seats, one end of the upper shaft 9-3 is fixedly connected with a chain wheel 9-4, two ends of the lower shaft 9-7 are mounted on the frame 1 through bearings 9-5 with seats, a pull rod 9-6 is fixedly connected with the middle of the lower shaft 9-7, and the pull rod 9-6 is in contact connection with the driving cam 9-1 and the driven cam 9-2.
Further, the straight-inserting seed sowing device 10 comprises a small seed box 10-1, the lower end of the small seed box 10-1 is fixedly connected with a fixed duckbill 10-2, a movable duckbill 10-3 is hinged with the fixed duckbill 10-2, a seed sowing wheel 10-5 is installed in the small seed box 10-1, one side of the seed sowing wheel 10-5 is fixedly connected with a seed sowing wheel torsion bar 10-4, the other side of the seed sowing wheel 10-5 is installed on the small seed box 10-1 through a seed sowing wheel shaft 10-11 and a seed sowing wheel shaft seat 10-12, the seed sowing wheel torsion bar 10-4 is connected with a pull rod 10-8 through a shaft, the pull rod 10-8 is installed on the small seed box 10-1 through a pull rod sliding seat 10-9, a sliding groove 10-6 is fixedly connected on the movable duckbill 10-3, one end of a connecting rod 10-7, the other end of the connecting rod 10-7 is hinged with one end of a pull rod 10-8, the other end of the pull rod 10-8 is connected with a pull rod 9-6 of a conjugate cam mechanism 9 through a wire drawing, a sliding seat 10-10 is further arranged on the small seed box 10-1, and the small seed box 10-1 is connected with a seed box 7-2 of a seed metering device 7 through a seed pipe 17.
When the corn direct-insert hole sowing machine is operated, the motor 1 drives the differential mechanism 15 to make the whole machine advance at a certain speed; at the same time, the motor 1 drives the electromagnetic clutch 11 to rotate, and the power of the electromagnetic clutch 11 is turned on, and the power is transmitted to the horizontal speed compensation mechanism 8. The horizontal speed compensation mechanism 8 is realized in a concrete way: the uniform rotation of the driving non-circular gear 8-2 is converted into the non-uniform rotation of the driven non-circular gear 8-3 to drive a parallel four-bar mechanism consisting of a driving crank 8-3, a driven crank 8-4, a hole sowing rod 8-5 and a frame 1 to do non-uniform rotary motion, namely, the hole sowing rod 8-5 can be basically straight down and up relative to the ground during the sowing period when the whole machine moves forward. Meanwhile, the power also drives a conjugate cam mechanism 9 to convert the rotation of the driving cam 9-2 and the driven cam 9-3 into the linear motion of a pull rod 9-6 to drive a seeding wheel 10-5 of the straight-cut seeding apparatus 10 to rotate for seeding and a movable duck bill 10-3 to open for seeding. The power also drives the seed sowing wheel 7-3 of the seed sowing device 7 to rotate for seed sowing, the seed group enters the small seed box 10-1 of the straight-cut seed sowing device 10 through the seed pipe 17, so that the pressure of the seed group on the seed sowing wheel 10-5 in the small seed box 10-1 is kept consistent, and the seed taking efficiency is improved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (4)
1. A corn direct-insert hill-drop planter with strong discharging and strong starting comprises a frame and is characterized in that the front of the lower end outside the frame is connected with a front wheel shaft through a bearing with a seat, a differential is arranged in the middle of the front wheel shaft, front wheels are arranged at two ends of the front wheel shaft, a motor is arranged at the front end inside the frame, a power output shaft of the motor is connected with the differential through a chain wheel mechanism, an electromagnetic clutch is arranged at the upper side of the middle end inside the frame and is connected with the power output shaft of the motor through the chain wheel mechanism, the electromagnetic clutch is connected with a horizontal speed compensation mechanism, a conjugate cam mechanism and a power input shaft of a seed sowing device through the chain wheel mechanism, an direct-insert seed sowing device is arranged below the horizontal speed compensation mechanism, the rear end outside the frame is vertically connected with a steering shaft through the bearing with a seat, the lower end, the rack is also provided with a storage battery and a handle; the conjugate cam mechanism comprises an upper shaft and a lower shaft, wherein a driving cam and a driven cam are arranged on the upper shaft, two ends of the upper shaft are arranged on the rack through bearings with seats, one end of the upper shaft is fixedly connected with the chain wheel, two ends of the lower shaft are arranged on the rack through bearings with seats, the pull rod is fixedly connected to the middle of the lower shaft, and the pull rod is in contact connection with the driving cam and the driven cam; the direct-insertion seed sowing device comprises a small seed box, wherein the lower end of the small seed box is fixedly connected with a fixed duckbill, a movable duckbill is hinged with the fixed duckbill, a seed sowing wheel is arranged in the small seed box, one side of the seed sowing wheel is fixedly connected with a seed sowing wheel torsion bar, the other side of the seed sowing wheel is arranged on the small seed box through a seed sowing wheel shaft and a seed sowing wheel shaft seat, the seed sowing wheel torsion bar is connected with a pull rod through a shaft, the pull rod is arranged on the small seed box through a pull rod sliding seat, a sliding groove is fixedly connected on the movable duckbill, one end of a connecting rod is connected with the sliding groove, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged with one end of the pull rod, the other end of the pull rod is connected with a; the conjugate cam mechanism and the direct-insert hill planter work together to realize timely seed sowing of the duckbilled seeds and accurate opening of the duckbilled seeds at the bottom of the ditch in the process of hill planting.
2. The strong-discharging and strong-starting direct corn hill-drop planter as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the horizontal speed compensation mechanism is arranged at the middle end outside the frame, the conjugate cam mechanism is arranged at the upper side of the front end outside the frame, and the seed metering device is arranged at the upper side of the rear end outside the frame.
3. The strong-row strong-start corn direct-cutting hill-drop planter as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the seed metering device comprises a mounting frame, a large seed box is mounted on the upper side of the mounting frame, seed boxes are symmetrically mounted on the lower side of the large seed box, a seed metering wheel is mounted in each seed box, and the seed metering wheel is connected with a chain wheel through a seed metering wheel shaft.
4. The strong-row strong-start corn direct-cutting hill-drop planter as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: horizontal velocity compensation mechanism include engaged driving non-circular gear and driven non-circular gear, driven non-circular gear and driving crank coaxial coupling, driving crank, driven crank, bunch planting pole and frame are connected through the articulated parallel four-bar linkage that constitutes, bunch planting pole and first slider and second slider sliding connection from top to bottom, first slider passes through the pressure spring and is connected with bunch planting pole upper end, first sprocket and driving crank coaxial coupling, second sprocket and driven crank coaxial coupling, first sprocket passes through the chain with the second sprocket and is connected, still be provided with the tape seat bearing on driving crank and the driven crank, the cut-through seed metering ware install on first slider and second slider.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710943513.XA CN107615951B (en) | 2017-10-11 | 2017-10-11 | Strong-discharging and strong-opening direct-cutting hill-drop planter for corn |
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| CN201710943513.XA CN107615951B (en) | 2017-10-11 | 2017-10-11 | Strong-discharging and strong-opening direct-cutting hill-drop planter for corn |
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| CN107615951A CN107615951A (en) | 2018-01-23 |
| CN107615951B true CN107615951B (en) | 2020-06-12 |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110301190B (en) * | 2019-08-05 | 2022-01-21 | 东北农业大学 | Screw drilling type no-tillage precision hill-drop seeding device |
| CN111108855B (en) * | 2020-01-09 | 2022-01-28 | 山东交通学院 | Cave mechanism is transplanted to well cellar for storing things formula |
| CN111837517A (en) * | 2020-08-11 | 2020-10-30 | 国家半干旱农业工程技术研究中心 | Special seeder of chenopodium quinoa |
| CN111937539B (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2021-09-24 | 沂南县凯粒莱机械有限公司 | Agricultural seeder |
| CN115024052B (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2023-07-25 | 甘肃农业大学 | Direct-insert hill planter |
| CN115428619B (en) * | 2022-07-08 | 2023-07-28 | 甘肃农业大学 | On-film direct-inserting hill planter |
| CN117178700B (en) * | 2023-10-20 | 2024-03-19 | 东北农业大学 | Seeding cave fertilization robot |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| IT1404486B1 (en) * | 2011-02-10 | 2013-11-22 | Matermacc S P A | SELF PROPELLED SEMINATOR MACHINE OF SMALL DIMENSIONS |
| CN203492360U (en) * | 2013-10-19 | 2014-03-26 | 甘肃农业大学 | All-film double-furrow direct transplanting hole sowing device |
| CN204377380U (en) * | 2015-01-12 | 2015-06-10 | 甘肃农业大学 | The direct insertion seeding apparatus of eccentric gear driving type |
| CN205000074U (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2016-01-27 | 石家庄纺织机械有限责任公司 | Fell moving mechanism before fine extension flat filament intelligence loom of carbon |
| CN105075465B (en) * | 2015-09-07 | 2017-01-18 | 甘肃农业大学 | Approaching-constant-speed direct plug-in compensation device for all-film double-furrow sowing for corn |
| CN105393675A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-03-16 | 甘肃农业大学 | Plot self-propelled corn hill-drop planter horizontal speed compensation device |
| KR20170108733A (en) * | 2016-03-18 | 2017-09-27 | 임옥만 | Magnetic grain planter |
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