CN107594550B

CN107594550B - Chinese chestnut bract and shell removing combined machine

Info

Publication number: CN107594550B
Application number: CN201710985589.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张文俊; 夏亮; 匡鑫; 马亮
Original assignee: Huanggang Normal University
Current assignee: Huanggang Normal University
Priority date: 2017-10-20
Filing date: 2017-10-20
Publication date: 2023-04-18
Anticipated expiration: 2037-10-20
Also published as: CN107594550A

Abstract

The invention provides a Chinese chestnut bract removing and shell removing combined machine which comprises a rack, a heating chamber, a bract breaking chamber, a Chinese chestnut and bract separating chamber and a shell breaking chamber, wherein the heating chamber, the bract breaking chamber, the Chinese chestnut and bract separating chamber and the shell breaking chamber are sequentially communicated, the heating chamber is arranged adjacent to the bract breaking chamber and is positioned above the combined machine to jointly form a top layer of the combined machine, the shell breaking chamber is arranged adjacent to the Chinese chestnut and bract separating chamber and is positioned below the combined machine to jointly form a bottom layer of the combined machine, the bottom layer is fixed on the rack, the top layer is fixed on the rack or the bottom layer, a stirring component with heating and stirring functions is arranged in the heating chamber, a microwave emitter is arranged in the shell breaking chamber, and multistage vibrating sieves with shells and capable of separating Chinese chestnuts with different specifications are arranged in the Chinese chestnut and bract separating chamber. The chestnut sheller has a simple structure, reduces the use cost, can complete the shell breaking and the shell breaking of chestnuts in one step, can process and sort out chestnut kernels with different specifications at one time, improves the shell removing efficiency, and has strong practicability.

Description

Chinese chestnut bract and shell removing combined machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to a chestnut shelling device, in particular to a chestnut shell removing and shelling combination machine.

Background

Chestnut is a general name of arbor or shrub in chestnut of Fagaceae, and there are about 7-9 kinds. Originally in northern hemisphere temperate zone, most kinds of chestnut trees are deciduous trees with the height of 20-40 m, and only a few are shrubs. Fruits of various chestnut trees can be eaten; single leaf, oval or oblong, 10-30 cm long and 4-10 cm wide, with bristled teeth on the edges. Hermaphrodite, with the flower being the inflorescence of the upright magnolia tender flower, and the female flower growing in the involucre alone or in several flowers. The nuts are wrapped in the bracts of the dense-raw prickling field, so the chestnut bracts are also called chestnut bur balls, the diameter of the chestnut bracts is 5-11 cm, and 1-7 nuts are arranged in one bract. The chestnut is delicious and high in nutritive value, firstly, the thorn ball of the chestnut is removed and then the shell of the chestnut is removed in order to obtain the chestnut kernel, and in order to obtain the nuts in the bract, the natural drying method is mainly adopted to artificially remove the bract at the present stage, but the method for artificially removing the bract after natural drying not only has low efficiency, but also is not beneficial to the industrialized development of the chestnut.

Meanwhile, the shells of the Chinese chestnuts are very hard, and the existing shell peeling adopts a step-by-step mode, namely, the bracts are removed firstly, and then the shells are removed, and two groups of structures are needed, so that the cost is high, and the efficiency is low. Meanwhile, the existing bract removing machine is not provided with a quick heating device, so that the traditional bract removing machine needs to be dried in the sun or air before removing bracts, the production period of the Chinese chestnuts is influenced, and the problem of mildew or rot exists in the process.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention provides the Chinese chestnut bract and husk removing combination machine which has a simple structure, completes the bract and husk removal in one step, has high husk removal rate and can process and sort Chinese chestnut kernels with different specifications at one time.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the combined machine comprises a rack, a bract breaking chamber, a Chinese chestnut and bract separating chamber, a heating chamber and a bract breaking chamber, wherein the heating chamber, the bract breaking chamber, the Chinese chestnut and bract separating chamber and the bract breaking chamber are sequentially communicated, the heating chamber is arranged adjacent to the bract breaking chamber and is positioned above the combined machine to jointly form a top layer of the combined machine, the bract breaking chamber is arranged adjacent to the Chinese chestnut and bract separating chamber and is positioned below the combined machine to jointly form a bottom layer of the combined machine, the bottom layer is fixed on the rack, and the top layer is fixed on the rack or fixed on the bottom layer. The bottom of the heating chamber is provided with a blanking pipe which is connected with the heating chamber and the bract breaking chamber, the bottom of the bract breaking chamber is provided with a feed opening, the bract breaking chamber is connected with the Chinese chestnut and bract separating chamber through the feed opening, a first fan with a condenser is arranged in the Chinese chestnut and bract separating chamber, and the broken Chinese chestnut bracts are blown away by the first fan to separate the Chinese chestnuts from the bracts. The left side of the Chinese chestnut and bud separating chamber is provided with a Chinese chestnut bud outlet, the bottom of the right side of the Chinese chestnut and bud separating chamber is provided with a multi-stage vibrating screen, a rotating shaft penetrates through the heating chamber and the bud breaking chamber, and a heating and stirring assembly, a stirring driving wheel and a bud breaking and stirring assembly are respectively arranged on the rotating shaft. The heating and stirring assembly is positioned in the heating chamber and comprises a spiral stirring blade and a heating resistance wire arranged in the spiral stirring blade, and the stirring driving wheel is positioned between the heating chamber and the bract breaking chamber and is used for driving the heating and stirring assembly and the bract breaking and stirring assembly to rotate around the rotating shaft. The bract breaking chamber is internally provided with a bract breaking stirring assembly, the bract breaking stirring assembly comprises a stirring blade, a sealing separation blade and a force transmission arm, the force transmission arm is arranged between the rotating shaft and the sealing separation blade and plays a role in connection, and the sealing separation blade is in a circular ring shape.

The multi-stage vibrating screen is used for screening Chinese chestnuts with shells of different sizes into different shell breaking chambers by arranging screen holes of different diameters, a single-stage vibrating screen is arranged in each shell breaking chamber, and the single-stage vibrating screen divides the shell breaking chambers into an upper Chinese chestnut shell outlet and a lower Chinese chestnut kernel recovery chamber.

Further, the multi-stage and single-stage vibrating screens are vibrated by a vibration motor.

Further, the screen surface of the multistage vibrating screen is inclined downwards along the direction of the chestnut bud outlet.

Furthermore, the rack is arranged on a bottom plate, the rack is arranged on the bottom plate, and movable casters are arranged on the bottom plate; the side of the Chinese chestnut bract and husk removing combined machine is provided with a handrail, and two ends of the rotating shaft are provided with shaft end seals.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the chestnut is subjected to bract removal and shell removal to form a whole, so that the mechanism is favorably reduced, and the use cost is reduced;

2. the heating device is added in the bract removing device, so that the bract removing treatment can be directly carried out on the picked fresh Chinese chestnut in time without manual drying, and the fresh Chinese chestnut is prevented from mildewing or rotting;

3. microwave shelling is adopted, so that shelling can be accelerated;

4. the spiral blade structure is adopted in the heating chamber, so that the bract body can be primarily broken in the heating stage, the bract breaking process is accelerated, and the bract removing efficiency is improved;

5. the heating resistance wires are arranged in the spiral blades, so that heating while stirring can be realized, the Chinese chestnuts are fully and comprehensively heated, and the bud removal is facilitated;

6. a multi-level layered structure is adopted, so that the occupied area is favorably reduced, and the practicability is enhanced;

7. the refrigeration fan at the microwave outlet can quench the Chinese chestnut shells, so that the Chinese chestnut shells are quickly cracked, and the shell breaking rate is improved;

8. the chestnut kernels with different specifications can be processed at one time without sorting.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of the bract-breaking stirring assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the shell breaking chamber of the present invention

The device comprises a machine frame 1, a heating chamber 2, a blanking pipe 21, a bract breaking chamber 3, a discharge port 31, a Chinese chestnut and bract separating chamber 4, a Chinese chestnut bract outlet 41, a first fan 42, a shell breaking chamber 5, a Chinese chestnut shell outlet 51, a Chinese chestnut kernel recycling chamber 52, a microwave emitter 53, a second fan 54, a heating and stirring assembly 6, a spiral stirring blade 61, a heating resistance wire 62, a stirring driving wheel 7, a bract breaking stirring assembly 8, a stirring blade 81, a sealing baffle 82, a transmission arm 83, a multistage vibrating screen 9, a rotating shaft 10, a shaft end seal 101, a blanking hopper 11, a bottom plate 12, a moving caster 13, a single-stage vibrating screen 14 and a vibrating motor 15.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1, the invention relates to a chestnut bract removing and shell removing combined machine, which comprises a rack 1, a heating chamber 2, a bract breaking chamber 3, a chestnut and bract separating chamber 4 and a shell breaking chamber 5, wherein the heating chamber 2, the bract breaking chamber 3, the chestnut and bract separating chamber 4 and the shell breaking chamber 5 are sequentially communicated, the heating chamber 2 and the bract breaking chamber 3 are adjacently arranged and are positioned above the combined machine to jointly form a top layer of the combined machine, the shell breaking chamber 5 and the chestnut and bract separating chamber 4 are adjacently arranged and are positioned below the combined machine to jointly form a bottom layer of the combined machine, the bottom layer is fixed on the rack 1, and the top layer is fixed on the rack 1 or the bottom layer.

The heating chamber 2 is provided with a feed hopper 11 at the upper end, a rotating shaft 10 penetrates through the heating chamber 2 and the bract breaking chamber 3, the rotating shaft 10 is respectively provided with a heating and stirring assembly 6, a stirring driving wheel 7 and a bract breaking and stirring assembly 8, the heating and stirring assembly 6 is positioned in the heating chamber 2, the stirring driving wheel 7 is positioned between the heating chamber 2 and the bract breaking chamber 3, the bract breaking and stirring assembly 8 is positioned in the bract breaking chamber 3, the bract breaking and stirring assembly 8 is arranged in the bract breaking chamber, the heating and stirring assembly 6 comprises a spiral stirring blade 61 and a heating resistance wire 62, the heating resistance wire 62 is installed in the spiral stirring blade 61, a first fan 42 with a condenser is arranged in the Chinese chestnut and bract separating chamber 4, the broken Chinese chestnut bract is blown away by the first fan 42 to separate the Chinese chestnut from the bract, the rack 1 is installed on the bottom plate 1, a movable caster 13 is installed on the bottom plate 12, and a handrail is arranged on the side surface of the Chinese chestnut bract removing and bract breaking combined machine.

As shown in fig. 2, the bract-breaking stirring assembly 8 includes a stirring blade 81, a sealing baffle 82, and a force-transmitting arm 83 disposed between the rotating shaft 10 and the sealing baffle 82 for connection, where the sealing baffle 82 is annular. The stirring blade 81 rotates around the rotating shaft 5, when the stirring blade 81 rotates clockwise, the blanking pipe 21 is located at the left side of the blanking port 31, otherwise, the blanking pipe 21 is located at the right side of the blanking port 31.

As shown in fig. 3, the multistage vibrating sieves 9 sieve chestnuts with shells of different sizes into different shell breaking chambers 5 by arranging sieve holes with different diameters, a single-stage vibrating sieve 14 is arranged in the shell breaking chamber 5, and the single-stage vibrating sieve 14 divides the shell breaking chamber 5 into an upper chestnut shell outlet 51 and a lower chestnut kernel recovery chamber 52. The shell breaking chamber 5 is provided with a microwave emitter 53 and a fan 54 with a condenser. The multistage vibrating screen 9 vibrates by the vibrating motors 15, each vibrating motor is provided with a vibrating spring, and the screen surface of the multistage vibrating screen 9 slightly inclines downwards along the direction of the chestnut bud outlet.

The whole working process of the invention is as follows: fresh Chinese chestnuts are directly poured into the heating chamber 2 from the feed hopper 11, and the temperature is raised under the action of the heating and stirring assembly 6 in the heating chamber 2 to dehumidify and dry the Chinese chestnuts. The dried Chinese chestnut bracts enter the bract breaking chamber 3, the outer bracts of the Chinese chestnuts are broken under the action of the stirring blades 81 of the bract breaking stirring component 8, the broken Chinese chestnuts and the Chinese chestnuts with shells fall into the lower Chinese chestnut and bract separating chamber 4, the broken Chinese chestnuts are blown away by a first fan 42 with a condenser in the Chinese chestnut and bract separating chamber 4 to separate the Chinese chestnuts from the bracts, the Chinese chestnuts are separated from a chestnut bract outlet 41, the Chinese chestnuts with shells fall into different Chinese chestnut recovery chambers 52 according to different sizes through the action of a multistage vibrating screen 9 to be subjected to microwave shell removal, and the shells are rapidly cracked through the fan 54 with the condenser at the outlet to separate the shells and the kernels. The shells and kernels are discharged from different outlets by the single-stage vibrating screen 14 again, and the chestnut kernels with different specifications can be processed at one time without sorting.

The above detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided only as an example, and the present invention is not limited to the above described embodiments. Any equivalent modifications and substitutions to those skilled in the art are also within the scope of the present invention. Accordingly, equivalent changes and modifications made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered by the present invention.

Claims

1. A chestnut bract and husk removing combined machine comprises a rack (1), a bract breaking chamber (3), a chestnut and bract separating chamber (4), and is characterized in that: the Chinese chestnut and bud combined machine is characterized by further comprising a heating chamber (2) and a shell breaking chamber (5), wherein the heating chamber (2), the bud breaking chamber (3), the Chinese chestnut and bud separating chamber (4) and the shell breaking chamber (5) are sequentially communicated, the heating chamber (2) and the bud breaking chamber (3) are arranged adjacently and are located above the combined machine to jointly form a top layer of the combined machine, the shell breaking chamber (5) and the Chinese chestnut and bud separating chamber (4) are arranged adjacently and are located below the combined machine to jointly form a bottom layer of the combined machine, the bottom layer is fixed on the rack (1), and the top layer is fixed on the rack (1) or fixed on the bottom layer;

the chestnut and bud separating chamber (4) is also provided with a first fan (42) with a condenser, and the broken chestnut buds are blown away by the first fan (42) to separate the chestnuts from the buds;

a feed hopper (11) is arranged at the upper end of the heating chamber (2), a rotating shaft (10) penetrates through the heating chamber (2) and the bud breaking chamber (3), a heating and stirring component (6), a stirring driving wheel (7) and an bud breaking and stirring component (8) are respectively arranged on the rotating shaft (10), a chestnut bud outlet (41) and a multistage vibrating screen (9) capable of separating chestnuts with shells in different specifications are arranged in the chestnut and bud separating chamber (4), a microwave emitter (53) and a second fan (54) with a condenser are arranged in the shell breaking chamber (5), the heating and stirring component (6) is located in the heating chamber (2), and the bud breaking and stirring component (8) is arranged in the bud breaking chamber (3); the multi-stage vibrating screen (9) screens Chinese chestnuts with shells in different sizes into different shell breaking chambers (5) by arranging different screen holes, a single-stage vibrating screen (14) is arranged in the shell breaking chamber (5), and the single-stage vibrating screen (14) divides the shell breaking chamber (5) into a Chinese chestnut shell outlet (51) at the upper part and a Chinese chestnut kernel recovery chamber (52) at the lower part;

the heating and stirring assembly (6) comprises a spiral stirring blade (61) and a heating resistance wire (62), the heating resistance wire (62) is installed in the spiral stirring blade (61), a blanking pipe (21) is arranged at the bottom of the heating chamber (2), and the blanking pipe (21) is connected with the heating chamber (2) and the bud breaking chamber (3);

broken bud stirring subassembly (8) are in including stirring vane (81), sealed separation blade (82) and setting play the biography power wall (83) of connecting action between rotation axis (10) and sealed separation blade (82), sealed separation blade (82) are the ring form, broken bud room (3) bottom is provided with feed opening (31), feed opening (31) are connected broken bud room (3) with chinese chestnut and bud separating chamber (4).

2. The chestnut bract and husk removing combination machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the stirring driving wheel (7) is positioned between the heating chamber (2) and the bud breaking chamber (3) and is used for driving the heating stirring assembly (6) and the bud breaking stirring assembly (8) to rotate around the rotating shaft (10).

3. The chestnut bract and husk removing combination machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the multistage vibrating screen (9) and the single-stage vibrating screen (14) are vibrated by a vibrating motor (15), and the screen surface of the multistage vibrating screen (9) is inclined downwards along the direction of the chestnut bud outlet (41).

4. The chestnut bract and husk removing combination machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rack (1) is arranged on a bottom plate (12), and movable casters (13) are arranged on the bottom plate (12); the side of the Chinese chestnut bract and husk removing combined machine is provided with a handrail, and two ends of the rotating shaft (10) are provided with shaft end seals (101).