CN107593542A - The cultural method of big oyster - Google Patents
The cultural method of big oyster Download PDFInfo
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- CN107593542A CN107593542A CN201710953585.2A CN201710953585A CN107593542A CN 107593542 A CN107593542 A CN 107593542A CN 201710953585 A CN201710953585 A CN 201710953585A CN 107593542 A CN107593542 A CN 107593542A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
The invention discloses the cultural method of big oyster, including following technical step：1) form：The sea area conduct of 15 16 degree of salinity is selected to form area, annual 4 by the end of August, and oyster seedling is placed on and forms area and is normally cultivated with reference to prior art；2) fatten：Every year by the end of August to September part, forming area and supporting the oyster of 10cm specifications, it is transferred to the abundant fattening area of microorganism and fattens cultivation, after cultivation 30 40 days；3) protect：The oyster that step 3) is taken out is transferred to the pond that the salt-fresh water intersection of rivers marine outfall surrounds, additive is launched in timing daily, desalination finishing cultivation 7 15 days, then the oyster for being not reaching to listing optimum specifications is moved back to additive of the fattening area fattening using the present invention again, obtained Crassostrea rivularis, software part colours are pure white, black portions or stain are few；And from the angle of mouthfeel, such as it is steamed after, fine and tender taste is smooth.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of aquaculture, more particularly to the cultural method of big oyster.
Background technology
Crassostrea rivularis (Crassostrea rivularis), also known as big oyster, raw oyster, are the marine products rare greatly of Guangxi Qinzhou four
One of, meat can be eaten raw, can also be processed into dried oyster, oyster sauce.Big oyster oyster meat be high protein, low fat, delicious flavour have it is very high
The aquatic products of nutrition and health care function, oyster meat protein content is nutritious more than 40%, delicious flavour, is known as " marine ox
The title of milk ", while can also be used as medicine.Big oyster meat is rich in taurine, can promote human brain development.Crassostrea rivularis is that the main oyster in China is supported
One of species is grown, belongs to brackish water species, is mainly distributed on the numerous river mouth areas of the South China coastal.Crassostrea rivularis is nutritious, its
Artificial farming is concentrated mainly on Guangdong, Guangxi and the band of Fujian one.Oyster belongs to natural marine product, and the algae in seawater is eaten mainly by filter
Class is earned a living, and cultivation risk is relatively low, production is easily managed, technology is easy to grasp.In recent years, raw oyster cultivation is sent out from beach toward shallow sea
Exhibition, constantly risen from inserting to support toward hanging culture mode development, finished product oyster per mu yield, become the pillar industry of China's Coastal Areas,
Coastal fisherman's increased income has effectively been driven to get rich.
In recent years, local Fishery technical popularizing department cooperates with raiser, have developed " supporting oyster method in 3rd area ", generally increases production
Up to twenty percent, promote in locality and welcomed warmly by raiser.But the big oyster of cultivation, there is individual problem to draw attention, that is,
Ocean acidification.Ocean acidification confirms it is CO by extensive2Another great environmental problem caused by rising.Use of fossil fuel etc.
Mankind's activity causes CO in air2Concentration constantly raises, and may already lead to global warming and unusual weather conditions etc., ocean constantly from
CO is absorbed in air2, played an important role to alleviating global warming.However, since the industrial revolution, ocean largely absorbs people
The CO of class discharge2, caused upper ocean water pH value to have dropped 0.1.According to Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
(IPCC) supposition of forecast model (A1F1), to Atmospheric CO in 21002Concentration can rise to 800-1000 μ L/L, surface seawater pH value
0.3-0.4 will be declined, any one period of this acidification rate between past 300,000,000 years did not all have.Caused by Ocean acidification
Marine Chemistry changes (carbonate system and physical form), is changing the chemical environment that marine organisms depend on for existence, ocean life
The metabolic process of thing can be affected, and the stability of marine ecology can change.The drop of seawater pH value caused by Ocean acidification
The low multinomial physiological function that can change marine organisms, marine organisms resistance poor environment stress and the abilities such as disease are reduced, is caused
Stress or disease is damaged to caused by marine organisms more serious, or even cause bion dead under relatively low coercive intensity.
Lysozyme (lysozyme) nickname N-acetylmuramide lycanohydrlase, it is a kind of basic protein water of small-molecular-weight
Enzyme is solved, panimmunity reaction in body is participated in, plays an important roll in body normal defense and nonspecific immunity, be organism
The interior important nospecific immunity factor, frequently as one of horizontal important indicator of evaluation immunity of organism.McHenery etc. is with 30
Kind shellfish is research object, and lysozyme activity can be detected in its glandula digestive, outer embrane, the gill, muscle.Existing research hair
It is existing, can detect the lysozyme of high level in the Crassostrea rivularis gill, and lysozyme be nonspecific immunity important in organism because
One of son, during immunity of organism can not only catalyzing hydrolysis bacteria cell wall and cause bacterolysis dead, also can induce and adjust
Save the synthesis and secretion of other immune factors.It can be seen that including Crassostrea rivularis, the gill of shellfish is preventing pathogenic microorganism from invading
Aspect plays an important role.Crassostrea rivularis is by after the heavy metal stress such as pH value reduction and lead, and gill tissue's lysozyme content is in first
Decline, rear rising, again downward trend.When meeting with stress from outside, metabolism is suppressed Crassostrea rivularis, lysozyme content drop
It is low；Then strengthen because adaptability is metabolized, lysozyme content is gradually increasing, even more than previous level；With the extension of time,
Stress does not release still, and prolonged environmental stimulus exceeds the accommodation of Crassostrea rivularis, causes lysozyme content gradually to drop
It is low, immunity degradation.During breeding production, should try one's best avoids that cultivation water pH value is too low, lead content is too high, once find
It should in time adjust, to ensure that the immunity of Crassostrea rivularis maintains normal level, reduce the generation of disease.
The content of the invention
The invention provides the cultural method of big oyster, and can effectively alleviate acidifying seawater influences on big oyster lysozyme activity,
So as to reach ecologic breeding, reduce disease, the purpose of production benefit is improved.
The cultural method of big oyster, including following technical step：
1) form：The sea area of selection salinity 15-16 degree as forming area, the annual 4-8 months bottom, oyster seedling is placed on and forms area and joins
Normally cultivated according to prior art；
2) fatten：Every year by the end of August to September part, forming area and support the oyster of 10cm specifications, it is abundant to be transferred to microorganism
Area's fattening cultivation is fattened, after cultivating 30-40 days；
3) protect：The oyster that step 3) is taken out is transferred to the pond that the salt-fresh water intersection of rivers marine outfall surrounds, daily
Additive is launched in timing, desalination finishing cultivation 7-15 days, the oyster for being not reaching to listing optimum specifications is then moved back to fattening area again
Fattening；
Additive described in step 3), the additive are made up of following part by weight composition：
It is 8.0-8.2 to adjust pH with phosphate buffer；
The accelerator is prepared using following methods：
1. Feedstock treating：By Herba Andrographitis it is clean, it is drying, crush；
2. Steam explosion treatment：1. material that step is obtained is put into steam blasting tank, and volume is equivalent to steam blasting tank
The 1/4-1/3 of volume, burst pressure 3.0-3.5Mpa, dwell time maintain 150-200s；
3. distillation is handled：2. material that step is obtained is put into distiller, in distiller bottom, heats burning or is passed through steaming
Vapour, when hot steam is filled in distiller, vapor is introduced into condenser, then pass through water-oil separating by condenser pipe
Device, collect essential oil；
4. high-shear homogenizing machine is handled：3. essential oil that step is obtained is handled by high-shear homogenizing machine, linear velocity 30-
40m/s, time 3-5min, nano-emulsion is made, and is obtained with filtering with microporous membrane is degerming.
The trace metal ion in additive described in step 3) of the present invention, preferably sodium chloride, calcium chloride, the one of sodium molybdate
Kind.
Additive is launched in daily timing described in step 3), and preferably timing is launched 2 times daily, and additive injected volume is by oyster weight
The 1.0-5.0% meters of amount, every morning 8:00 launches once, afternoon 16:00 launches once.
Compared with prior art, advantages of the present invention：
1st, now there are some researches show in seawater is acidified, acidifying seawater shows to the inductive effect of Crassostrea rivularis lysozyme activity
Now it is slowly lasting, the lysozyme of high level can be detected in the Crassostrea rivularis gill, and lysozyme is important in organism
One of nonspecific immune factors, during immunity of organism can not only catalyzing hydrolysis bacteria cell wall and cause bacterolysis dead
Die, also can induce the synthesis and secretion for adjusting other immune factors.Crassostrea rivularis is chronically in acidifying seawater, is metabolized and is pressed down
System, lysozyme content reduce, and prolonged environmental stimulus exceeds the accommodation of Crassostrea rivularis, causes lysozyme content gradually to drop
It is low, immunity degradation.And the present invention obtained Crassostrea rivularis, is passed through by launching additive in the protection stage of Crassostrea rivularis
Detection to lysozyme activity, it was demonstrated that alleviate acidifying seawater influences on Crassostrea rivularis lysozyme activity.
2nd, lysozyme content reduces, on the appearance of Crassostrea rivularis be Crassostrea rivularis software part yellowish,
Black portions or stain increase, so as to influence the sale of Crassostrea rivularis；And from the angle of mouthfeel, such as it is steamed after, carnification
Always, smoothness is deteriorated.And use the present invention additive, obtained Crassostrea rivularis, software part colours are pure white, black portions or
Person's stain is few；And from the angle of mouthfeel, such as it is steamed after, fine and tender taste is smooth.
3rd, additive of the invention, from recombinant human epidermal growth factor fermentation culture medium, because producing or depositing
The reason for storage, some recombinant human epidermal growth factor fermentations do not meet quality standard with culture medium, can be disposed off, cause wave
Take, and present invention applicant attempts to use these discarded recombinant human epidermal growth factor fermentations as slow by the use of culture medium
The additive that solution acidifying seawater influences on Crassostrea rivularis lysozyme activity uses.By experimental verification, satisfied effect is reached.
Embodiment
With embodiment, the invention will be further described below, but the invention is not limited in these embodiments.
Embodiment 1：
The cultural method of big oyster, including following technical step：
1) form：The sea area of selection salinity 15-16 degree as forming area, the annual 4-8 months bottom, oyster seedling is placed on and forms area and joins
Normally cultivated according to prior art；
2) fatten：Every year by the end of August to September part, forming area and support the oyster of 10cm specifications, it is abundant to be transferred to microorganism
Area's fattening cultivation is fattened, after cultivating 30-40 days；
3) protect：The oyster that step 3) is taken out is transferred to the pond that the salt-fresh water intersection of rivers marine outfall surrounds, daily
Timing launches additive 2 times, and additive injected volume is based on the 1.0% of oyster weight, every morning 8:00 launches once, afternoon 16:
00 launches once, desalination finishing cultivation 7-15 days, the oyster for being not reaching to listing optimum specifications is then moved back to the fattening of fattening area again；
Additive described in step 3), the additive are made up of following part by weight composition：
It is 8.2 to adjust pH with phosphate buffer；
The accelerator is prepared using following methods：
1. Feedstock treating：By Herba Andrographitis it is clean, it is drying, crush；
2. Steam explosion treatment：1. material that step is obtained is put into steam blasting tank, and volume is equivalent to steam blasting tank
The 1/4-1/3 of volume, burst pressure 3.0-3.5Mpa, dwell time maintain 150-200s；
3. distillation is handled：2. material that step is obtained is put into distiller, in distiller bottom, heats burning or is passed through steaming
Vapour, when hot steam is filled in distiller, vapor is introduced into condenser, then pass through water-oil separating by condenser pipe
Device, collect essential oil；
4. high-shear homogenizing machine is handled：3. essential oil that step is obtained is handled by high-shear homogenizing machine, linear velocity 30-
40m/s, time 3-5min, nano-emulsion is made, and is obtained with filtering with microporous membrane is degerming.
Embodiment 2：
The cultural method of big oyster, including following technical step：
1) form：The sea area of selection salinity 15-16 degree as forming area, the annual 4-8 months bottom, oyster seedling is placed on and forms area and joins
Normally cultivated according to prior art；
2) fatten：Every year by the end of August to September part, forming area and support the oyster of 10cm specifications, it is abundant to be transferred to microorganism
Area's fattening cultivation is fattened, after cultivating 30-40 days；
3) protect：The oyster that step 3) is taken out is transferred to the pond that the salt-fresh water intersection of rivers marine outfall surrounds, daily
Timing launches additive 2 times, and additive injected volume is based on the 5.0% of oyster weight, every morning 8:00 launches once, afternoon 16:
00 launches once, desalination finishing cultivation 7-15 days, the oyster for being not reaching to listing optimum specifications is then moved back to the fattening of fattening area again；
Additive described in step 3), the additive are made up of following part by weight composition：
It is 8.0 to adjust pH with phosphate buffer；
The accelerator is prepared using following methods：
1. Feedstock treating：By Herba Andrographitis it is clean, it is drying, crush；
2. Steam explosion treatment：1. material that step is obtained is put into steam blasting tank, and volume is equivalent to steam blasting tank
The 1/4-1/3 of volume, burst pressure 3.0-3.5Mpa, dwell time maintain 150-200s；
3. distillation is handled：2. material that step is obtained is put into distiller, in distiller bottom, heats burning or is passed through steaming
Vapour, when hot steam is filled in distiller, vapor is introduced into condenser, then pass through water-oil separating by condenser pipe
Device, collect essential oil；
4. high-shear homogenizing machine is handled：3. essential oil that step is obtained is handled by high-shear homogenizing machine, linear velocity 30-
40m/s, time 3-5min, nano-emulsion is made, and is obtained with filtering with microporous membrane is degerming.
Embodiment 3：
The cultural method of big oyster, including following technical step：
1) form：The sea area of selection salinity 15-16 degree as forming area, the annual 4-8 months bottom, oyster seedling is placed on and forms area and joins
Normally cultivated according to prior art；
2) fatten：Every year by the end of August to September part, forming area and support the oyster of 10cm specifications, it is abundant to be transferred to microorganism
Area's fattening cultivation is fattened, after cultivating 30-40 days；
3) protect：The oyster that step 3) is taken out is transferred to the pond that the salt-fresh water intersection of rivers marine outfall surrounds, daily
Timing launches additive 2 times, and additive injected volume is based on the 2.5% of oyster weight, every morning 8:00 launches once, afternoon 16:
00 launches once, desalination finishing cultivation 7-15 days, the oyster for being not reaching to listing optimum specifications is then moved back to the fattening of fattening area again；
Additive described in step 3), the additive are made up of following part by weight composition：
It is 8.0 to adjust pH with phosphate buffer；
The accelerator is prepared using following methods：
1. Feedstock treating：By Herba Andrographitis it is clean, it is drying, crush；
2. Steam explosion treatment：1. material that step is obtained is put into steam blasting tank, and volume is equivalent to steam blasting tank
The 1/4-1/3 of volume, burst pressure 3.0-3.5Mpa, dwell time maintain 150-200s；
3. distillation is handled：2. material that step is obtained is put into distiller, in distiller bottom, heats burning or is passed through steaming
Vapour, when hot steam is filled in distiller, vapor is introduced into condenser, then pass through water-oil separating by condenser pipe
Device, collect essential oil；
4. high-shear homogenizing machine is handled：3. essential oil that step is obtained is handled by high-shear homogenizing machine, linear velocity 30-
40m/s, time 3-5min, nano-emulsion is made, and is obtained with filtering with microporous membrane is degerming.
Comparative example
Do not launch additive.
Experimental example：
Crassostrea rivularis used in this experiment comes from embodiment 3 and comparative example pond in April, 2017.After measured, Crassostrea rivularis
Locality Lead In Sea Water content is below 0.01m//L, and there was no significant difference.
1st, sample preparation
0d is designated as on the day of launching the Crassostrea rivularis to protection zone, after collection cultivation 7,15d Crassostrea rivularis, take at random,
Every group 9, gill tissue is taken, claims quality, by 1:The physiological saline of the ratio addition precooling of 9 (mass volume ratios), is homogenized, 4 on ice
DEG C, 5000r/min centrifugation 10min, take supernatant, be placed in -80 DEG C of ultra low temperature freezers and save backup.
2nd, lysozyme activity determines
Lysozyme activity measure builds up the bacteriolyze enzyme detection kit (A050 of Bioengineering Research Institute's development using Nanjing
Type), operated according to kit operation instruction, each testing sample is tested 3 times.
3rd, result
Influence lysozyme activity (U/mg) to Crassostrea rivularis lysozyme activity
Conclusion：The sample result of embodiment 3 is better than comparative example.
Claims (3)
1. the cultural method of big oyster, it is characterised in that including following technical step：
1) form：The sea area of selection salinity 15-16 degree as forming area, the annual 4-8 months bottom, oyster seedling is placed on and forms area with reference to showing
There is technology normally to cultivate；
2) fatten：Every year by the end of August to September part, forming area and supporting the oyster of 10cm specifications, the abundant fattening of microorganism is transferred to
Area, which fattens, to be cultivated, after cultivating 30-40 days；
3) protect：The oyster that step 3) is taken out is transferred to the pond that the salt-fresh water intersection of rivers marine outfall surrounds, timing daily
Additive is launched, desalination finishing cultivation 7-15 days, the oyster for being not reaching to listing optimum specifications is then moved back to the fattening of fattening area again；
Additive described in step 3), the additive are made up of following part by weight composition：
It is 8.0-8.2 to adjust pH with phosphate buffer；
The accelerator is prepared using following methods：
1. Feedstock treating：By Herba Andrographitis it is clean, it is drying, crush；
2. Steam explosion treatment：1. material that step is obtained is put into steam blasting tank, and volume is equivalent to steam blasting tank volume
1/4-1/3, burst pressure 3.0-3.5Mpa, the dwell time maintains 150-200s；
3. distillation is handled：2. material that step is obtained is put into distiller, in distiller bottom, heats burning or is passed through steam,
When hot steam is filled in distiller, vapor is introduced into condenser by condenser pipe, then by oil water separator,
Collect essential oil；
4. high-shear homogenizing machine is handled：3. essential oil that step is obtained is handled by high-shear homogenizing machine, linear velocity 30-40m/s,
Time 3-5min, nano-emulsion is made, and is obtained with filtering with microporous membrane is degerming.
2. the cultural method of big oyster according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is micro in additive described in step 3)
Metal ion, it is sodium chloride, calcium chloride, one kind of sodium molybdate.
3. the cultural method of big oyster according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Daily timing described in step 3), which is launched, to be added
Add agent, be that daily timing is launched 2 times, additive injected volume is based on the 1.0-5.0% of oyster weight, every morning 8:00 launches one
It is secondary, afternoon 16:00 launches once.
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| CN201710953585.2A CN107593542A (en) | 2017-10-13 | 2017-10-13 | The cultural method of big oyster |
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ID=61077726
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| CN105238832A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-01-13 | 桂林华诺威基因药业有限公司 | Culture medium for recombined human epidermal growth factor fermentation |
| CN106305533A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-11 | 北海金不换水产贸易有限公司 | Floating raft type culture method of oysters |
| CN106305534A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-11 | 北海金不换水产贸易有限公司 | Culture method of single oysters |
| CN106614165A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-10 | 广西还珠海洋生物科技有限公司 | Retaining agent capable of improving adaptability of juvenile ostrea rivularis on seawater with large salinity difference |
| CN107125173A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-09-05 | 汕头大学 | A kind of method of heavy metal in high-efficient purification oyster culture body |
| CN107484687A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2017-12-19 | 桂林融通科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of big oyster |
-
2017
- 2017-10-13 CN CN201710953585.2A patent/CN107593542A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105238832A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-01-13 | 桂林华诺威基因药业有限公司 | Culture medium for recombined human epidermal growth factor fermentation |
| CN106305533A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-11 | 北海金不换水产贸易有限公司 | Floating raft type culture method of oysters |
| CN106305534A (en) * | 2016-08-22 | 2017-01-11 | 北海金不换水产贸易有限公司 | Culture method of single oysters |
| CN106614165A (en) * | 2016-12-29 | 2017-05-10 | 广西还珠海洋生物科技有限公司 | Retaining agent capable of improving adaptability of juvenile ostrea rivularis on seawater with large salinity difference |
| CN107125173A (en) * | 2017-06-07 | 2017-09-05 | 汕头大学 | A kind of method of heavy metal in high-efficient purification oyster culture body |
| CN107484687A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2017-12-19 | 桂林融通科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of big oyster |
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Application publication date: 20180119 |