CN107584134B - 一种微波电火花制备毫米级球状半硬磁Co-Ni非晶合金的方法 - Google Patents
一种微波电火花制备毫米级球状半硬磁Co-Ni非晶合金的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Cetrimonium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[N+](C)(C)C LZZYPRNAOMGNLH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N (2s)-2,6-diaminohexanoic acid;(2s)-2-hydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O.NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O NWZSZGALRFJKBT-KNIFDHDWSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZGDWHDKHJKZZIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt nickel Chemical compound [Co].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni] ZGDWHDKHJKZZIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种微波电火花制备毫米级球状半硬磁Co‑Ni非晶合金的方法,将水热合成方法制备的Co‑Ni纳米晶合金放入坩埚中,将装有Co‑Ni纳米晶合金的坩埚放入家用微波炉中,微波加热30分钟;取出坩埚,筛选出毫米级球状Co‑Ni非晶合金。本发明制备的毫米级球状Co‑Ni非晶合金直径为0.4‑0.6mm,由球内熔融态Co‑Ni颗粒以及球面的固态Co‑Ni颗粒所聚集而成,室温下的矫顽力为28Oe,饱和磁化强度为60emu/g,在电磁弹丸、磁性振子、磁屏蔽球、催化剂、磁按摩球等方面具有应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种微波电火花制备毫米级球状半硬磁Co-Ni非晶合金的方法,属于磁性非晶合金和金属材料领域。
背景技术
毫米级球状半硬磁Co-Ni非晶合金,因其具有不同于微纳粉体的块体特征,在磁场中具有球体运动特性,在电磁弹丸、磁性振子、磁屏蔽球、催化剂、磁按摩球等方面具有应用价值。而且,合金球的内部为熔融态非晶Co-Ni颗粒但球面为固态Co-Ni颗粒,合金球大小均一、成分和形貌均一。该合金球结构独特,性能优异,具有重要的学术和应用价值。
目前合成磁性非晶合金的方法有激光熔融法、放电等离子烧结、气体雾化法、机械合金法、粉末固结成形法、直接凝固法等。以上这些技术均面临了形成磁性非晶的材料成分范围较窄、抑制非均匀形核工序复杂、加热不均匀、能耗大以及合成时间较长等难题。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种微波电火花制备毫米级球状半硬磁Co-Ni非晶合金的方法,利用家用微波炉中微波场与金属纳米晶合金相互作用所产生电火花使其快速熔化,然后在空气中快速冷却、凝固而形成毫米级球状Co-Ni非晶合金,制备工艺简单、方法新颖,而且毫米级球状非晶合金的结构独特,性能优异。
本发明利用微波电火花制备毫米级球状半硬磁Co-Ni非晶合金的方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤1:采用水热合成方法制备Co-Ni纳米晶合金,形貌为球形,直径为200nm,分布均匀,成分均匀;该制备方法为常规方法(水热合成),参考文献:
[1]Min Wang,Zhongzhu Wang,Peihong Wang,Yanlin Liao,Hong Bi,Single-layer and double-layer microwave absorbers based on Co67Ni33 microspheres andNi0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 nanocrystals,Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 425(2017)25–30.
[2]M.Y.Rafique,L.Q.Pan,W.S.Khan,M.Z.Iqbal,H.M.Qiu,M.H.Farooq,M.Ellahi,Z.G.Guo,Controlled Synthesis,phase formation,growth mechanism,andmagnetic properties of 3-D CoNi alloy microstructures composed of nanorods,CrystEngComm 15(2013)5314-5325.
[3]廖锦云,冯裕发,余仕文,李浩,张喜斌,三维钴镍合金微球的合成研究,惠州学院学报(自然科学版),2012,32(3),43-46.
步骤2:将Co-Ni纳米晶合金放入坩埚中,将装有Co-Ni纳米晶合金的坩埚(未封盖)放入家用微波炉中,微波加热30分钟;
步骤2中,微波加热的功率1100W,频率2.45GHz。
步骤3:取出坩埚,筛选出毫米级球状Co-Ni非晶合金,所制备的毫米级球状颗粒尺寸均匀,直径为0.4-0.6mm,分散性好。经称量,质量比为20-40%的Co-Ni纳米晶合金转化为毫米级球状Co-Ni非晶合金。
微波场一方面与纳米晶合金的电子相互作用产生电火花,另一方面纳米晶磁性合金强烈地吸收微波能,在短时(几分钟内)温度达到一两千度,这样导致金属纳米颗粒处在熔融状态,然后在室温下快速冷却凝固,就可以形成毫米级球状非晶合金。
本发明利用磁性金属纳米晶合金吸收微波能来加热,通过材料内部分子或原子在微波场驱动下不停地运动、碰撞来实现加热,而且微波能够激发金属纳米晶合金中电子振荡产生电火花,使其快速熔化。微波加热不同于传统的外部加热方式(激光熔融法以及放电等离子烧结都属于外部加热方式),在材料内部均匀加热,在后续的毫米级球状非晶合金成型中有利于均匀形核。微波加热获得的纳米晶合金熔体在空气中快速冷却凝固就能形成毫米级球状Co-Ni非晶合金,与现有合成方法相比,本发明的合成方法不仅制备工艺简单、方法新颖、能耗小、合成时间短,而且毫米级球状非晶合金的结构独特,性能优异。
本发明制备的Co-Ni非晶合金的球形颗粒直径在0.4-0.6mm之间,合金球内部为熔融态Co-Ni非晶颗粒以及球壳为固态Co-Ni颗粒所聚集而成。毫米级球状Co-Ni非晶合金室温下的矫顽力为28Oe,饱和磁化强度为60emu/g,在电磁弹丸、磁性振子、磁屏蔽球、催化剂、磁按摩球等方面具有应用价值。
本发明制备方法操作简单、成本低、所需时间短、副反应少、节能环保。
本发明所制备的毫米级球状Co-Ni非晶合金的晶粒均匀,颗粒直径在0.4-0.6mm之间,分散性以及稳定性高,而且非晶合金球的结构新颖,其内部为熔融态颗粒、外壳为固态颗粒。
本发明所制备的毫米级球状非晶合金具有半硬磁性,室温下的矫顽力和饱和磁化强度分别为28Oe和60emu/g。
附图说明
图1为毫米级球状Co-Ni非晶合金的实物照片。
图2为毫米级球状Co-Ni非晶合金的光学显微照片,合金球内部为熔融态、球壳为固态。
图3为毫米级球状Co-Ni非晶合金的扫描电子显微照片。
图4为毫米级球状Co-Ni非晶合金的X射线衍射谱。根据XRD谱以及图2照片可以确定所制备的毫米级球状Co-Ni合金为非晶结构。
图5为毫米级球状Co-Ni非晶合金在室温下的磁滞回线,其矫顽力为28Oe,饱和磁化强度为60emu/g。
具体实施方式
实施例1:Co-Ni纳米晶合金的制备
1、将1.66g六水合氯化钴和0.83g六水合氯化镍溶于去离子水中,搅拌至完全溶解后再加入2g十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB),充分搅拌均匀;随后加入10ml浓度为2.5mol/L的NaOH溶液和10ml水合阱,充分搅拌混合均匀;
2、将步骤1所得混合液加入50ml反应釜中并密封,然后在180℃烘箱中水热反应6h;反应结束后将所得反应产物用乙醇洗涤,40℃下干燥,即得到Co-Ni纳米晶合金球,直径为200nm。
实施例2:
本实施例中利用微波电火花制备毫米级球状半硬磁Co-Ni非晶合金的方法如下:
1、将实施例1制备的Co-Ni纳米晶合金放入坩埚中,将装有Co-Ni纳米晶合金的坩埚(未封盖)放入家用微波炉中,微波加热30分钟;微波加热的功率1100W,频率2.45GHz。微波开启加热时,就伴随着剧烈的电火花产生,持续时间为30S。
2、取出坩埚,筛选出毫米级球状Co-Ni非晶合金,球状颗粒直径为0.4-0.6mm,所制备的毫米级球状颗粒尺寸均匀,分散性好。经称量,质量比为20-40%的Co-Ni纳米晶合金转化为毫米级球状Co-Ni非晶合金。
本实施例制备的Co-Ni非晶合金的球形颗粒直径在0.4-0.6mm之间,合金球内部为熔融态Co-Ni非晶颗粒以及球壳为固态Co-Ni颗粒所聚集而成。毫米级球状Co-Ni非晶合金室温下的矫顽力为28Oe,饱和磁化强度为60emu/g,在电磁弹丸、磁性振子、磁屏蔽球、催化剂、磁按摩球等方面具有应用价值。
Claims (3)
1.一种微波电火花制备毫米级球状半硬磁Co-Ni非晶合金的方法,其特征在于:
将水热合成方法制备的Co-Ni纳米晶合金放入坩埚中,将装有Co-Ni纳米晶合金的坩埚放入家用微波炉中,微波加热30分钟;取出坩埚,筛选出毫米级球状Co-Ni非晶合金;所述毫米级球状Co-Ni非晶合金内部为熔融态Co-Ni非晶颗粒以及球壳为固态Co-Ni颗粒;
所述Co-Ni纳米晶合金的形貌为球形,直径为200nm;
微波加热的功率1100W,频率2.45GHz。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:
所述毫米级球状Co-Ni非晶合金尺寸均匀,直径为0.4-0.6mm。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于:
所述毫米级球状Co-Ni非晶合金具有半硬磁性,室温下的矫顽力为28 Oe,饱和磁化强度为60emu/g。
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