CN107573531A - 一种液滴饼状弹跳的大尺寸超疏水圆柱阵列的热压加工方法 - Google Patents

一种液滴饼状弹跳的大尺寸超疏水圆柱阵列的热压加工方法 Download PDF

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CN107573531A
CN107573531A CN201710568996.XA CN201710568996A CN107573531A CN 107573531 A CN107573531 A CN 107573531A CN 201710568996 A CN201710568996 A CN 201710568996A CN 107573531 A CN107573531 A CN 107573531A
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宋金龙
黄柳
赵长林
高明谦
刘新
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Abstract

一种液滴饼状弹跳的大尺寸超疏水圆柱阵列的热压加工方法，制备热压模具：加工直径0.8mm～1.25mm、柱间距0.25mm、深0.6mm～1.0mm的金属基体阵列通孔结构，经打磨、清洗及吹干后获得热压模具；热压：使用聚合物材料于热压模具上进行真空热压，取出冷却至室温；取模：截断从通孔溢出的多余的聚合物材料之后拔模即得聚合物圆柱阵列；超疏水处理：对获得的圆柱阵列进行喷涂混合液处理获得超疏水圆柱阵列，其中混合液为含纳米TiO2颗粒的氟硅烷乙醇溶液。本方法具有简单易操作、成本低、选材料种类多、材料及模板可重复使用、所制备的圆柱阵列尺寸大等优点，有效地实现液滴饼状弹跳表面的大面积、产业化加工。

Description

一种液滴饼状弹跳的大尺寸超疏水圆柱阵列的热压加工方法
技术领域
本发明属于微细加工技术领域，涉及到一种能实现液滴饼状弹跳的大尺寸超疏水圆柱阵列的热压加工方法。
背景技术
冻雨是自然界中的常见现象，但因极易在固体表面附着冻结而对人类生产生活造成破坏，如冻雨附着输电线路易造成倒塔断电；冻雨附着公路易降低行人及汽车与路面摩擦力，增加交通事故；冻雨附着机翼会降低飞机升力并增加飞行阻力，严重的还会发生坠机事故。冻雨的危害迫使人们寻找有效的方法减小其与固体表面的粘附。超疏水表面因具有较高接触角和较低滚动角而引起了研究人员的关注，研究人员希望依靠水滴撞击超疏水表面时液-固接触时间短并易滚落的特征来防止冻雨附着。水滴撞击超疏水平面时会先铺展然后回弹最后离开基体，对于固定体积的液滴，液-固接触时间几乎不随撞击速度而发生改变。如何进一步减小液-固接触时间对提高超疏水表面防冻雨抗结冰具有重要意义。2014年，Bird发现液滴撞击超疏水平面上的高180μm的长条形脊状结构时，液滴会破裂，液-固接触时间会减小37％(Nature.2014,505(7483))。2015年，Gauthier等进一步研究了超疏水平面上直径高度为几十至几百微米级的长条形脊柱状结构对液-固接触时间的影响，发现即使液滴不破裂，液-固接触时间也显著减小(Nature Communications.2015,6(8001))。同年，Liu等还发现液滴撞击超疏水平面上横向放置的、直径几个毫米的长条形圆柱状结构曲面也可降低液-固接触时间(Nature Communications.2015,6(10034))。尽管上述长条形脊状或横向放置的圆柱状结构曲面可有效降低液-固接触时间，但实际使用时大部分雨滴均不会滴落在脊状或圆柱状结构曲面上，应用价值较低。2014年，Liu等观察到水滴撞击超疏水亚毫米级的锥柱和方柱阵列上会出现饼状弹跳，液-固接触时间减小80％。这种大面积的柱状阵列结构由于能保证雨滴均与之接触，故应用价值较大。Liu等研发出的超疏水锥柱和方柱阵列直径约20μm～100μm，高度约800μm～1200μm，这种类型的结构由于直径过小且高径比过大，目前只能用电火花线切割方法加工出。但电火花加工效率过低，加工2cm×2cm样品需7～8个小时，难以实现产业化大面积加工。因此有必要研发能实现液滴饼状弹跳但又适合大面积产业化加工的结构并开发出液滴饼状弹跳表面大面积加工的工艺。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种既能实现液滴饼状弹跳又适合大面级产业化加工的结构，并提供液滴饼状弹跳表面大面积加工的工艺。本发明主要提出柱直径0.8mm～1.25mm、柱间距0.25mm、柱高0.6mm～1.0mm的超疏水圆柱阵列也可实现液滴饼状弹跳，并通过多孔阵列模板热压复制的方法实现液滴饼状弹跳表面的大面积加工。
本发明的技术方案：
一种液滴饼状弹跳的大尺寸超疏水圆柱阵列的热压加工方法，步骤如下：
(1)制备热压模具：加工直径0.8mm～1.25mm、柱间距0.25mm、深为0.6mm～1.0mm的金属基体阵列通孔，打磨清洗吹干得到热压模具；所述的金属基体可为铝、铜、模具钢、不锈钢；
(2)热压：基于制备的热压模具，使用聚合物板进行热压，取出冷却至室温；所述的聚合物板可为PP板、PC板、PE板及PTFE板；
(3)取模：截断从通孔溢出的多余的聚合物材料之后拔模即可得到聚合物圆柱阵列；
(4)超疏水处理：喷涂含纳米TiO2颗粒的氟硅烷乙醇混合溶液，晾干后获得超疏水圆柱阵列；所述的混合溶液中纳米TiO2颗粒与氟硅烷的乙醇溶液(质量分数为1wt.％)的质量比不低于1:25。
本发明的有益效果：
(1)本发明提出的圆柱阵列尺寸较大且高径比低，易加工；
(2)本发明采用模板复制宏观柱状阵列和喷涂纳米涂层的方法加工超疏水圆柱阵列，且模板可重复使用，可简单、低成本地实现液滴饼状弹跳表面的大面积加工；
(3)本发明主要加工聚合物材料，可选材料种类较多，且材料具有密度小、比强度高、传热性低、绝缘性高、价格低等特点；
(4)本发明加工出的超疏水圆柱阵列可使液-固接触时间减小60％。
附图说明
图1是多孔阵列模板热压复制方法加工超疏水圆柱阵列的示意图。
图2(a)是0.2mm的超疏水PP圆柱阵列的电镜图。
图2(b)是0.1mm的超疏水PP圆柱阵列的电镜图。
图3是18μL水滴撞击超疏水PP圆柱阵列的运动情况。
图4是制备的超疏水PP圆柱阵列的疏水示意图。
图中：1铝基阵列通孔模具；2钻头；3热压；4聚合物材料；
5压力机上端压板；6加热加压；7压力机下端基板；8截断取模；9喷涂。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和技术方案，进一步说明本发明的具体实施方式。
实施例：
利用多孔阵列模板热压复制方法加工可实现液滴饼状弹跳的超疏水圆柱阵列，如图1所示，具体方法如下：
(1)制备热压模具：分别用800#和1500#砂纸打磨和去离子水超声清洗6061铝板(厚1mm)，用以去除表面氧化层和油污；借助钻削技术加工直径1.05mm、柱间距0.25mm、深1.0mm的阵列通孔结构，利用1500#砂纸打磨去除表面毛刺，并经去离子水超声清洗后吹干；
(2)热压：将步骤1中制备的阵列通孔模具置于压力机下端基板上，再将PP材料固定在上端压板上，然后将基板温度调整为180℃，调整压力为2000Pa，加热10min后撤去压力，取出模具材料并冷却至室温；
(3)取模：截断步骤2中从通孔溢出的多余的PP材料，多余材料可重复利用，之后拔模即可得到PP圆柱阵列，其表面结构如图2所示；
(4)超疏水处理：配备含纳米TiO2颗粒的氟硅烷乙醇混合溶液，其中50g氟硅烷的乙醇溶液(质量分数为1wt.％)中含6g纳米TiO2颗粒(40nm)；将该混合液均匀喷涂于步骤3中得到的PP圆柱阵列上获得超疏水PP圆柱阵列。

Claims (3)

1.一种液滴饼状弹跳的大尺寸超疏水圆柱阵列的热压加工方法，其特征在于，步骤如下：
(1)制备热压模具：加工直径0.8mm～1.25mm、柱间距0.25mm、深为0.6mm～1.0mm的金属基体阵列通孔，打磨清洗吹干得到热压模具；
(2)热压：基于制备的热压模具，使用聚合物板进行热压，取出冷却至室温；
(3)取模：截断从通孔溢出的多余的聚合物材料后拔模，即得到聚合物圆柱阵列；
(4)超疏水处理：喷涂含纳米TiO2颗粒的氟硅烷乙醇混合溶液，晾干后获得超疏水圆柱阵列；所述的混合溶液中纳米TiO2颗粒与氟硅烷的乙醇溶液的质量比不低于1:25；其中，氟硅烷的乙醇溶液中的氟硅烷质量分数为1wt.％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的热压加工方法，其特征在于，所述的金属基体的材质为铝、铜、模具钢或不锈钢。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的热压加工方法，其特征在于，所述的聚合物板为PP板、PC板、PE板或PTFE板。
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CN109822950A (zh) * 2019-01-25 2019-05-31 南京航空航天大学 一种具有防覆冰功能的聚合物材料及其一体化成型方法
CN109967004A (zh) * 2019-03-12 2019-07-05 叶涵辰 一种强化传热的流化床反应器
CN110028037A (zh) * 2019-05-07 2019-07-19 大连理工大学 一种超疏水半球阵列的复制加工工艺
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