CN107567985A - A kind of biological disease-preventing evil method of outdoor plastic film mulching cultivation tomato - Google Patents
A kind of biological disease-preventing evil method of outdoor plastic film mulching cultivation tomato Download PDFInfo
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- CN107567985A CN107567985A CN201710996052.2A CN201710996052A CN107567985A CN 107567985 A CN107567985 A CN 107567985A CN 201710996052 A CN201710996052 A CN 201710996052A CN 107567985 A CN107567985 A CN 107567985A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the planting technology field of vegetables, and in particular to a kind of biological disease-preventing evil method of outdoor plastic film mulching cultivation tomato.According to the preparation of pest control mixture：By azedarach and fruit of Rangoon creeper's fruit according to 6：Pulverulent mixture of 4 weight than being ground into 60~80 mesh, cultivated, covered, water top dressing, training and other middle and later periods managements in time.The present invention has energy-saving and environmental protection, economy, easily operated, effectively reduces the harm of pest and disease damage in northern open country cultivating tomato, the advantages that substantially increasing tomato production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the planting technology field of vegetables, and in particular to a kind of biology of outdoor plastic film mulching cultivation tomato
Disease prevention method.
Background technology
Major defect is existing for prior art, late May-by the end of July, and northern area high temperature is xeothermic, red-hot sunshine
Direct projection mulch film surface, the radiation of formation and the reflective tomato plant calcination to Critical growing period are serious, short of rain in continuous high temperature
A period of time in, easily lead to plant flavescence, influence normal growth, serious generation plant virus, so that withered death.
The generation of tomato virosis and environmental condition are in close relations, and disease easily occurs for general high temperature and drought weather.The tobacco in high temperature
Mosaic virus is one of most important virus.Under High temperature photograph, when tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infects, tomato floral leaf produces bar
Spot disease symptom, has a strong impact on normal growth, causes to wither.Being lost to reduce, vegetable grower is typically irrigated using increase to reduce ground temperature,
Planting cost is virtually added, and is produced little effect, to reduce the plant viral damage caused by high temperature, vegetable grower has to use
Spray insecticide preventing and treating, cause tomato the problems such as medicine is residual occur, even if spray also is difficult to gather effect sometimes, subtract through large area is commonly formed
Production is even had no harvest；In addition, clover noctuid (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) it is one of primary pest of tomato.In 2 generations, occurred in 1 year for the north,
Survived the winter with pupa in soil.Occurs adult between June.Adult circles in the air daytime between plant.Nectar is sucked, is laid eggs in vacuum side of blade.It is low
Instar larvae volume eats tender head, gluttony blade after growing up.The main prevention and controls used at present are also to use to spray insecticide, both diseases
Evil turns into one of more difficult technical problem cracked of growing tomatoes in recent years.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of biological disease-preventing of outdoor plastic film mulching cultivation tomato to do harm to method, with solution
State problems of the prior art.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：A kind of outdoor plastic film mulching cultivation tomato
Biological disease-preventing does harm to method, wherein, comprise the following steps：
The first step, the preparation of pest control mixture：Azedarach and fruit of Rangoon creeper's fruit are ground into according to 6: 4 weight ratio
The pulverulent mixture of 60~80 mesh.
Second step, cultivation：
1. select improved seeds：From high yield, the tamato seed of disease-resistant, suitable cultivated in north；
2. nurturing staff：At the beginning of northern general late January to 2 months using cold bed, greenhouse, in, Small plastic shed or nurse young plants in hothouses, educate
The area of seedling relatively morning or cold weather also needs to heat nursery；Tomato nursery uses two-section seedling method, i.e., in the leaf of young plant two wholeheartedly
Shi Jinhang seedling separations, seedlings strong sprout is educated using the big alms bowls of 10cm × 10cm or 10cm × 10cm seedling spacing after seedling separation；
3. site preparation, apply fertilizer to the subsoil, in good time field planting：Select do not planted the plot of solanaceous vegetables within 4~5 years, and deep ploughed in the winter time；
Site preparation is carried out within 8~10 days before field planting, and uses sufficient base fertilizer with reference to site preparation, pour vola water；And in base fertilizer with adding every mu for 8~
10kg amount insecticide mixtures, to kill the disease larva in soil；
4. field planting in good time：Seedlings strong sprout is selected when mid or late April field planting, field planting；Field planting use wide ridge and row spacing for
1m, per the row of ridge 2；5~7 days overlay films before field planting, ground temperature is improved with profit；
5. it is mulching soil and pest control mixture on film in overlay film；And every mu of weight for applying pest control mixture
Measure as 6~8kg, the cover time is in mid-May；
Covering method：Between appropriate pest control mixture is uniformly sprayed at into the field ridge of growing tomatoes, spike-tooth is used
Soil between pest control mixture and ridge is harrowed uniformly, then is scooped up the mixture of pest control mixture and soil with spade by rake
And it is uniformly covered on film, 38~40mm of thickness of covering；After covering coordinate once irrigated, with mulching soil on film with
Pest control mixture, which is all impregnated with, to be advisable；
6. watering top dressing in time：6~July,, can be at dusk when weeds in soil on film tend to be withered after pouring every time
With deep-well irrigated land.
7. training and other middle and later periods managements.
Preferably, described base fertilizer is organic fertilizer and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer.
Preferably, described organic fertilizer is farmyard manure, pig manure or cow dung.
The present invention adds the technology of biocidal disease in base fertilizer, and one layer of soil and killing disease are covered on mulch film
The mixture of biology, possess cooling function so as to form one layer between plant and mulch film, the protective layer of insecticidal function, possess screening
Light cooling function, the protective layer of insecticidal function, largely reduce the radiation and reflective to plant of sun light direct beam formation
And its injury of root system, while can effectively prevent and treat the injury to tomato such as clover noctuid.And it is without the use of pest control with insecticide medicament,
Prevent to pollute to environment, water-retaining property, good air permeability.
Chinaberry is botanical pesticide, is present in the pulp and bark of China tree.It is relatively low to people and animals' toxicity, to natural enemies security,
Easily decomposed in environment, it is free from environmental pollution.To insect it is mainly food refusal and stomach toxicity and suppresses the effect that insect grows.To more
Species of Lepidopterous Larvae has good preventive effect.The fruit of Rangoon creeper is nontoxic, in addition to possessing above-mentioned disinsection efficiency, also there is killing work(to some fungi
Effect.When normal pour, the mixture absorbs moisture and an independent ecosystem is formed on film, and wherein grass roots exists in soil
Normal growth in soil and neem bark mixture of powders, most of moisture is stored therein, on the one hand, these weeds only absorb
Moisture and nutrient in mixture, not under absorbing film tomato liquid manure；On the other hand, weeds are being poured on these films survived
Gradually withered by luxuriant in long period afterwards, progressively discharge moisture of its own storage, effectively extend this independent ecology
The water circulation time of system, while effectively reduce the subenvironment temperature of plant.The effect of soil is isolation in mixture on film
Mulch film and environment temperature fast exchange, carry weed growth environment, and the effect of weeds extends this independent ecosystem
Water circulation time, both materials can be obtained by soil between mulch film ridge；Azedarach and fruit of Rangoon creeper's fruit mixture powder
Effect is desinsection, and safety and environmental protection；Therefore, the present invention has energy-saving and environmental protection, economy, easily operated, effectively reduces northern open country
The harm of pest and disease damage in cultivating tomato, the advantages that substantially increasing tomato production.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
A kind of biological disease-preventing evil method of outdoor plastic film mulching cultivation tomato described in the present embodiment, wherein, including it is following
Step：
The first step, the preparation of pest control mixture：Azedarach and fruit of Rangoon creeper's fruit are ground into according to 6: 4 weight ratio
The pulverulent mixture of 60 mesh.
Second step, cultivation：
1. select improved seeds：From high yield, the tamato seed of disease-resistant, suitable cultivated in north；
2. nurturing staff：At the beginning of northern general late January to 2 months using cold bed, greenhouse, in, Small plastic shed or nurse young plants in hothouses, educate
The area of seedling relatively morning or cold weather also needs to heat nursery；Tomato nursery uses two-section seedling method, i.e., in the leaf of young plant two wholeheartedly
Shi Jinhang seedling separations, seedlings strong sprout is educated using the big alms bowls of 10cm × 10cm or 10cm × 10cm seedling spacing after seedling separation；
3. site preparation, apply fertilizer to the subsoil, in good time field planting：Select do not planted the plot of solanaceous vegetables within 4 years, and deep ploughed in the winter time, favorably
In seedling growth and mitigate pest and disease damage；Site preparation is carried out within 8 days before field planting, and uses sufficient base fertilizer with reference to site preparation, pour vola water；Typically
667m2 soil application of organic fertilizers (3m3 such as farmyard manure 5m3 or pig manure, cow dung), nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 50kg, add in base fertilizer
The amount insecticide mixtures that every mu of ground is 8kg, to kill the disease larva in soil；
4. field planting in good time：Seedlings strong sprout is selected when mid or late April field planting, field planting, this is precocious basis；Field planting is adopted
It is 1m with wide ridge and row spacing, per the row of ridge 2；5 days overlay films before field planting, ground temperature is improved with profit；
5. it is mulching soil and pest control mixture on film in overlay film；And every mu of weight for applying pest control mixture
Measure and come into fast growing period after mid-May, now tomato plant restraining the growth of seedlings for 6kg, cover time, northern temperature is progressively
Rise；
Covering method：, will with spike-tooth harrow between appropriate insecticide mixtures are uniformly sprayed at into the field ridge of growing tomatoes
Soil rake is uniform between pest control mixture and ridge, then is scooped up the mixture of pest control mixture and soil simultaneously with spade
Even is covered on film, the thickness 38mm of covering；Coordinate after covering and once irrigated, with mulching soil on film and pest control
Mixture, which is all impregnated with, to be advisable；
6. watering top dressing in time：In June, hot dry wind is serious, after pouring every time, when weeds in soil on film tend to be withered,
Ground temperature can be reduced with profit, improve miniclimate, reduce virosis, promote robust plant growth in dusk deep-well irrigated land.
7. training and other middle and later periods managements.
Embodiment 2
A kind of biological disease-preventing evil method of outdoor plastic film mulching cultivation tomato described in the present embodiment, wherein, including it is following
Step：
The first step, the preparation of pest control mixture：Azedarach and fruit of Rangoon creeper's fruit are ground into according to 6: 4 weight ratio
The pulverulent mixture of 80 mesh.
Second step, cultivation：
1. select improved seeds：From high yield, the tamato seed of disease-resistant, suitable cultivated in north；
2. nurturing staff：At the beginning of northern general late January to 2 months using cold bed, greenhouse, in, Small plastic shed or nurse young plants in hothouses, educate
The area of seedling relatively morning or cold weather also needs to heat nursery；Tomato nursery uses two-section seedling method, i.e., in the leaf of young plant two wholeheartedly
Shi Jinhang seedling separations, seedlings strong sprout is educated using the big alms bowls of 10cm × 10cm or 10cm × 10cm seedling spacing after seedling separation；
3. site preparation, apply fertilizer to the subsoil, in good time field planting：Select do not planted the plot of solanaceous vegetables within 5 years, and deep ploughed in the winter time, favorably
In seedling growth and mitigate pest and disease damage；Site preparation is carried out within 10 days before field planting, and uses sufficient base fertilizer with reference to site preparation, pour vola water；Typically
667m2 soil application of organic fertilizers (5m3 such as farmyard manure 7m3 or pig manure, cow dung), nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 80kg, add in base fertilizer
The amount pest control mixture that every mu of ground is 10kg, to kill the disease larva in soil；
4. field planting in good time：Seedlings strong sprout is selected when mid or late April field planting, field planting, this is precocious basis；Field planting is adopted
It is 1m with wide ridge and row spacing, per the row of ridge 2；7 days overlay films before field planting, ground temperature is improved with profit；
5. it is mulching soil and pest control mixture on film in overlay film；And every mu of weight for applying pest control mixture
Measure and come into fast growing period after mid-May, now tomato plant restraining the growth of seedlings for 8kg, cover time, northern temperature is progressively
Rise；
Covering method：Between appropriate pest control mixture is uniformly sprayed at into the field ridge of growing tomatoes, spike-tooth is used
Soil between pest control mixture and ridge is harrowed uniformly, then is scooped up the mixture of pest control mixture and soil with spade by rake
And it is uniformly covered on film, the thickness 40mm of covering；Coordinate after covering and once irrigated, with mulching soil on film and preventing and treating
Insect mixture, which is all impregnated with, to be advisable；
6. watering top dressing in time：In July, hot dry wind is serious, after pouring every time, when weeds in soil on film tend to be withered,
Ground temperature can be reduced with profit, improve miniclimate, reduce virosis, promote robust plant growth in dusk deep-well irrigated land.
7. training and other middle and later periods managements.
Embodiment 3
A kind of biological disease-preventing evil method of outdoor plastic film mulching cultivation tomato described in the present embodiment, wherein, including it is following
Step：
The first step, the preparation of pest control mixture：Azedarach and fruit of Rangoon creeper's fruit are ground into according to 6: 4 weight ratio
The pulverulent mixture of 70 mesh.
Second step, cultivation：
1. select improved seeds：From high yield, the tamato seed of disease-resistant, suitable cultivated in north；
2. nurturing staff：At the beginning of northern general late January to 2 months using cold bed, greenhouse, in, Small plastic shed or nurse young plants in hothouses, educate
The area of seedling relatively morning or cold weather also needs to heat nursery；Tomato nursery uses two-section seedling method, i.e., in the leaf of young plant two wholeheartedly
Shi Jinhang seedling separations, seedlings strong sprout is educated using the big alms bowls of 10cm × 10cm or 10cm × 10cm seedling spacing after seedling separation；
3. site preparation, apply fertilizer to the subsoil, in good time field planting：Select do not planted the plot of solanaceous vegetables within 5 years, and deep ploughed in the winter time, favorably
In seedling growth and mitigate pest and disease damage；Site preparation is carried out within 9 days before field planting, and uses sufficient base fertilizer with reference to site preparation, pour vola water；Typically
667m2 soil application of organic fertilizers (4m3 such as farmyard manure 6m3 or pig manure, cow dung), nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 65kg, add in base fertilizer
The amount pest control mixture that every mu of ground is 9kg, to kill the disease larva in soil；
4. field planting in good time：Seedlings strong sprout is selected when mid or late April field planting, field planting, this is precocious basis；Field planting is adopted
It is 1m with wide ridge and row spacing, per the row of ridge 2；6 days overlay films before field planting, ground temperature is improved with profit；
5. it is mulching soil and pest control mixture on film in overlay film；And every mu of weight for applying pest control mixture
Measure and come into fast growing period after mid-May, now tomato plant restraining the growth of seedlings for 7kg, cover time, northern temperature is progressively
Rise；
Covering method：Between appropriate pest control mixture is uniformly sprayed at into the field ridge of growing tomatoes, spike-tooth is used
Rake harrows soil between pest control mixture and ridge uniformly, then is scooped up the mixture of insecticide mixtures and soil simultaneously with spade
Even is covered on film, the thickness 9mm of covering；Coordinate after covering and once irrigated, with mulching soil on film and pest control
Mixture, which is all impregnated with, to be advisable；
6. watering top dressing in time：In July, hot dry wind is serious, after pouring every time, when weeds in soil on film tend to be withered,
Ground temperature can be reduced with profit, improve miniclimate, reduce virosis, promote robust plant growth in dusk deep-well irrigated land.
7. training and other middle and later periods managements.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of biological disease-preventing evil method of outdoor plastic film mulching cultivation tomato, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps：
The first step, the preparation of pest control mixture：By azedarach and fruit of Rangoon creeper's fruit according to 6：4 weight ratio is ground into 60~
The pulverulent mixture of 80 mesh.
Second step, cultivation：
1. select improved seeds：From high yield, the tamato seed of disease-resistant, suitable cultivated in north；
2. nurturing staff：At the beginning of northern general late January to 2 months using cold bed, greenhouse, in, Small plastic shed or nurse young plants in hothouses, nursery compared with
The area of morning or cold weather also needs to heat nursery；Tomato nursery uses two-section seedling method, i.e., the leaf of young plant two wholeheartedly when enter
Row seedling separation, seedlings strong sprout is educated using the big alms bowls of 10cm × 10cm or 10cm × 10cm seedling spacing after seedling separation；
3. site preparation, apply fertilizer to the subsoil, in good time field planting：Select do not planted the plot of solanaceous vegetables within 4~5 years, and deep ploughed in the winter time；It is being colonized
Site preparation is carried out within first 8~10 days, and uses sufficient base fertilizer with reference to site preparation, pour vola water；And with adding every mu for 8~10kg's in base fertilizer
Insecticide mixtures are measured, to kill the disease larva in soil；
4. field planting in good time：Seedlings strong sprout is selected when mid or late April field planting, field planting；Field planting uses wide ridge and row spacing is 1m, often
The row of ridge 2；5~7 days overlay films before field planting, ground temperature is improved with profit；
5. it is mulching soil and pest control mixture on film in overlay film；And every mu of weight for applying pest control mixture is
6~8kg, the cover time is in mid-May；
Covering method：, will with spike-tooth harrow between appropriate pest control mixture is uniformly sprayed at into the field ridge of growing tomatoes
Soil rake is uniform between pest control mixture and ridge, then is scooped up the mixture of pest control mixture and soil simultaneously with spade
Even is covered on film, 38~40mm of thickness of covering；Coordinate after covering and once irrigated, with mulching soil on film and preventing and treating
Insect mixture, which is all impregnated with, to be advisable；
6. watering top dressing in time：6~July,, can be deep in the dusk when weeds in soil on film tend to be withered after pouring every time
Well water is irrigated the fields.
7. training and other middle and later periods managements.
2. a kind of biological disease-preventing evil method of outdoor plastic film mulching cultivation tomato according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：
Described base fertilizer is organic fertilizer and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer.
3. a kind of biological disease-preventing evil method of outdoor plastic film mulching cultivation tomato according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：
Described organic fertilizer is farmyard manure, pig manure or cow dung.
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| CN201710996052.2A CN107567985A (en) | 2017-10-23 | 2017-10-23 | A kind of biological disease-preventing evil method of outdoor plastic film mulching cultivation tomato |
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| CN201710996052.2A CN107567985A (en) | 2017-10-23 | 2017-10-23 | A kind of biological disease-preventing evil method of outdoor plastic film mulching cultivation tomato |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113598004A (en) * | 2021-09-04 | 2021-11-05 | 宁波海通时代农业有限公司 | Method for crop rotation of fresh peanuts into cherry tomatoes in greenhouse in autumn and winter |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104488995A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-04-08 | 陈福华 | Compound traditional Chinese medicine pesticide |
| CN104542736A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-04-29 | 施安之 | Botanical insecticide and preparation method thereof |
| CN104798837A (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2015-07-29 | 苏远芳 | Traditional Chinese medicine insecticide containing azedarach |
-
2017
- 2017-10-23 CN CN201710996052.2A patent/CN107567985A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104488995A (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2015-04-08 | 陈福华 | Compound traditional Chinese medicine pesticide |
| CN104542736A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-04-29 | 施安之 | Botanical insecticide and preparation method thereof |
| CN104798837A (en) * | 2015-04-17 | 2015-07-29 | 苏远芳 | Traditional Chinese medicine insecticide containing azedarach |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 李红: "春露地番茄栽培技术", 《农民致富之友》 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113598004A (en) * | 2021-09-04 | 2021-11-05 | 宁波海通时代农业有限公司 | Method for crop rotation of fresh peanuts into cherry tomatoes in greenhouse in autumn and winter |
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Application publication date: 20180112 |