CN107532739A - 真空操作阀 - Google Patents

真空操作阀 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107532739A
CN107532739A CN201680025110.0A CN201680025110A CN107532739A CN 107532739 A CN107532739 A CN 107532739A CN 201680025110 A CN201680025110 A CN 201680025110A CN 107532739 A CN107532739 A CN 107532739A
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valve
water
vacuum chamber
containment member
barrier film
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CN107532739B (zh
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图安·勒
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Fluidmaster Inc
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Fluidmaster Inc
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/12Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
    • F16K31/18Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid actuated by a float
    • F16K31/20Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid actuated by a float actuating a lift valve
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03DWATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D1/00Water flushing devices with cisterns ; Setting up a range of flushing devices or water-closets; Combinations of several flushing devices
    • E03D1/30Valves for high or low level cisterns; Their arrangement ; Flushing mechanisms in the cistern, optionally with provisions for a pre-or a post- flushing and for cutting off the flushing mechanism in case of leakage
    • E03D1/32Arrangement of inlet valves
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67DDISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B67D7/00Apparatus or devices for transferring liquids from bulk storage containers or reservoirs into vehicles or into portable containers, e.g. for retail sale purposes
    • B67D7/06Details or accessories
    • B67D7/42Filling nozzles
    • B67D7/44Filling nozzles automatically closing
    • B67D7/46Filling nozzles automatically closing when liquid in container to be filled reaches a predetermined level
    • B67D7/48Filling nozzles automatically closing when liquid in container to be filled reaches a predetermined level by making use of air suction through an opening closed by the rising liquid
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03DWATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D1/00Water flushing devices with cisterns ; Setting up a range of flushing devices or water-closets; Combinations of several flushing devices
    • E03D1/02High-level flushing systems
    • E03D1/20Cisterns with tiltably-mounted containers
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03DWATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D1/00Water flushing devices with cisterns ; Setting up a range of flushing devices or water-closets; Combinations of several flushing devices
    • E03D1/30Valves for high or low level cisterns; Their arrangement ; Flushing mechanisms in the cistern, optionally with provisions for a pre-or a post- flushing and for cutting off the flushing mechanism in case of leakage
    • E03D1/302Valves for high or low level cisterns; Their arrangement ; Flushing mechanisms in the cistern, optionally with provisions for a pre-or a post- flushing and for cutting off the flushing mechanism in case of leakage with valves kept in open position by means of air or water pressure or by vacuum
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03DWATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D3/00Flushing devices operated by pressure of the water supply system flushing valves not connected to the water-supply main, also if air is blown in the water seal for a quick flushing
    • E03D3/02Self-closing flushing valves
    • E03D3/06Self-closing flushing valves with diaphragm valve and pressure chamber for retarding the valve-closing movement
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03DWATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D5/00Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system
    • E03D5/02Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system operated mechanically or hydraulically (or pneumatically) also details such as push buttons, levers and pull-card therefor
    • E03D5/024Operated hydraulically or pneumatically
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03DWATER-CLOSETS OR URINALS WITH FLUSHING DEVICES; FLUSHING VALVES THEREFOR
    • E03D5/00Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system
    • E03D5/02Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system operated mechanically or hydraulically (or pneumatically) also details such as push buttons, levers and pull-card therefor
    • E03D5/09Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system operated mechanically or hydraulically (or pneumatically) also details such as push buttons, levers and pull-card therefor directly by the hand
    • E03D5/094Special constructions of flushing devices, e.g. closed flushing system operated mechanically or hydraulically (or pneumatically) also details such as push buttons, levers and pull-card therefor directly by the hand the flushing element, e.g. siphon bell, being actuated through a cable, chain or the like
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/12Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with streamlined valve member around which the fluid flows when the valve is opened
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K1/00Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces
    • F16K1/12Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with streamlined valve member around which the fluid flows when the valve is opened
    • F16K1/123Lift valves or globe valves, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces with streamlined valve member around which the fluid flows when the valve is opened with stationary valve member and moving sleeve
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/08Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only taps or cocks
    • F16K11/085Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only taps or cocks with cylindrical plug
    • F16K11/0856Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only taps or cocks with cylindrical plug having all the connecting conduits situated in more than one plane perpendicular to the axis of the plug
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K21/00Fluid-delivery valves, e.g. self-closing valves
    • F16K21/04Self-closing valves, i.e. closing automatically after operation
    • F16K21/18Self-closing valves, i.e. closing automatically after operation closed when a rising liquid reaches a predetermined level
    • F16K21/20Self-closing valves, i.e. closing automatically after operation closed when a rising liquid reaches a predetermined level by means making use of air-suction through an opening closed by the rising liquid
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/12Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
    • F16K31/126Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid the fluid acting on a diaphragm, bellows, or the like
    • F16K31/1266Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid the fluid acting on a diaphragm, bellows, or the like one side of the diaphragm being acted upon by the circulating fluid
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/12Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
    • F16K31/126Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid the fluid acting on a diaphragm, bellows, or the like
    • F16K31/1268Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid the fluid acting on a diaphragm, bellows, or the like with a plurality of the diaphragms
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/12Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
    • F16K31/14Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid for mounting on, or in combination with, hand-actuated valves
    • F16K31/145Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid for mounting on, or in combination with, hand-actuated valves the fluid acting on a diaphragm
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/12Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
    • F16K31/18Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid actuated by a float
    • F16K31/20Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid actuated by a float actuating a lift valve
    • F16K31/22Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid actuated by a float actuating a lift valve with the float rigidly connected to the valve
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K31/00Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
    • F16K31/12Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
    • F16K31/36Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid in which fluid from the circuit is constantly supplied to the fluid motor
    • F16K31/365Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid in which fluid from the circuit is constantly supplied to the fluid motor the fluid acting on a diaphragm
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K7/00Diaphragm valves or cut-off apparatus, e.g. with a member deformed, but not moved bodily, to close the passage ; Pinch valves
    • F16K7/12Diaphragm valves or cut-off apparatus, e.g. with a member deformed, but not moved bodily, to close the passage ; Pinch valves with flat, dished, or bowl-shaped diaphragm
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03CDOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
    • E03C1/00Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks
    • E03C1/02Plumbing installations for fresh water
    • E03C1/021Devices for positioning or connecting of water supply lines
    • E03C1/023Devices for positioning or connecting of water supply lines with flow distribution, e.g. diverters
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E03WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
    • E03CDOMESTIC PLUMBING INSTALLATIONS FOR FRESH WATER OR WASTE WATER; SINKS
    • E03C1/00Domestic plumbing installations for fresh water or waste water; Sinks
    • E03C1/02Plumbing installations for fresh water
    • E03C2001/026Plumbing installations for fresh water with flow restricting devices

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Sanitary Device For Flush Toilet (AREA)
  • Self-Closing Valves And Venting Or Aerating Valves (AREA)
  • Float Valves (AREA)
  • Bidet-Like Cleaning Device And Other Flush Toilet Accessories (AREA)
  • Non-Flushing Toilets (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Filling Of Jars Or Cans And Processes For Cleaning And Sealing Jars (AREA)

Abstract

一种具有压力室的填充阀,所述压力室具有开口底端和在顶端处的隔膜,使得马桶水箱中的水位下降导致隔膜在第一方向上弯曲,从而将密封构件移动到打开位置,利用填充阀中的文丘里管使密封构件保持处于打开位置,直到水再填充水箱导致隔膜在第二方向上弯曲,从而将密封构件移回到关闭位置。

Description

真空操作阀
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2015年3月12日提交的名称为“改进的填充阀”的美国临时专利申请62/132,400的优先权。
技术领域
本公开总体涉及用于给马桶水箱填充水的阀。
背景技术
在一个冲洗周期期间,马桶中的填充阀提供水用于再填充马桶水箱并且将水从水箱输送到相应的盆中。
目前的填充阀通常使用倒杯或球的形式的浮子,所述浮子布置在水箱中以感测水位,使得当水位升高时,在浮子上形成的浮力使其升高以将阀致动到关闭位置,并且当水位下降时,浮子在重力作用下下降以打开阀。这种设计的第一个问题是浮子必须与水箱中的水接触;因此,浮子上来自水箱中的碎屑或矿物沉积会对浮子运动产生摩擦,使其易于失效。这方面的一个例子是传统的活塞和球浮阀设计,该设计在相对较长的杠杆臂的端部具有较大的浮子。这些球浮阀的一大缺点在于其需要大量的空间以在马桶水箱中进行操作。需要较长的杠杆臂以产生足够的力来克服通过填充阀的液压力,从而关闭填充阀。这种浮子结构的第二个问题在于浮子必须在阀的附近,与连杆机构直接接触以使阀打开和关闭,并且浮子运动严格地遵守重力定律,仅上下运动,使得这种设计在布局方面缺少灵活性。
传统的填充阀设计的另一个例子是导向阀。导向阀被设计为改进球浮阀,其中导向阀使用较小的浮子来对橡胶隔膜顶部的控制室进行减压或增压,该橡胶隔膜用于密封较大的开口以获得更好的流速,使得其能够以一种方式或另一种方式移动以打开和关闭阀。然而,导向阀具有几个明显的缺点。例如,导向阀不能在大幅低压下提供足够快的流速。另一方面,导向阀在大幅高压下往往具有较高的水锤。导向阀的另一个缺点是需要较高的开启压力。导向阀的隔膜易受高压和/或化学侵蚀的影响,因此其寿命与活塞类相比变短。此外,导向阀通常需要紧密公差部件以正常地工作。这种具有较小浮子的阀仍然具有相同的缺点:受到矿物沉积的影响或者浮子运动需要依赖于重力。
因此,需要提供一种能够在不使用浮动结构(如目前传统设计中所需的)的情况下打开和关闭的填充阀。还希望在低压下具有较快的流速而不损害密封构件的寿命。与大的、笨重的传统的填充阀组件相比,还希望提供没有外部移动部件的更紧凑设计的填充阀。需要在马桶水箱中占据较少空间的小型填充阀。最后,希望这种新的填充阀在结构布局方面会更加灵活以适应不同几何形状的水箱。
发明内容
提供以下简化的概要以提供对所要求保护的主题的一些方面的基本理解。该概要不是广泛的概述,并不旨在确定关键/重要元素或描述所要求保护的主题的范围。其目的是以简化形式呈现一些概念,作为稍后提供的具体实施方式的前序。
根据本发明的系统,提供了具有活塞设计的填充阀,其仅需要最小的力来打开和关闭。这允许填充阀的尺寸较小,使其易于放置在马桶水箱中。此外,本发明的填充阀不需要在杠杆臂的端部上的较大的浮球阀。本发明的填充阀甚至不需要上下移动的浮子。相反,本发明的填充阀能够对水位做出反应(并且从而打开或关闭)而不需要浮子的移动。本发明的填充阀的其他优势包括在宽的压力范围下的更高的流速(与传统的填充阀相比)。
在优选的方面,本发明的系统提供了一种填充阀系统,包括:(a)供水构件;(b)与所述供水构件连通的阀组件,所述阀组件包括:(i)可移动密封构件,所述密封构件能够在打开位置和关闭位置之间移动,在所述打开位置处,水流过所述阀组件;在所述关闭位置处,水被阻止流过所述阀组件;(ii)压力室;(iii)位于所述压力室顶端的第一隔膜,其中所述密封构件安装到所述第一隔膜,使得所述第一隔膜的移动导致所述密封构件的移动;(iv)第二隔膜,其具有与所述密封构件大致相同的有效密封,并且安装到所述密封构件;(v)在所述第一和第二隔膜之间的真空室;以及(vi)位于所述可移动密封构件下游的文丘里管,其中所述密封构件具有从所述文丘里管穿过所述真空室的空气通道。
在操作中,当水从马桶水箱中冲出(并且进入马桶盆)时,水箱中的水位开始下降。这导致压力室(其优选地具有向下突出到水中的开口底端)中的空气压力的降低。所述压力室中的空气压力的降低使得所述第一隔膜将所述密封构件移动到打开位置,在该打开位置,水开始流过所述阀组件。
此时,水压对第二隔膜和密封构件施加相等的力;因此,使密封构件保持在打开位置。流过阀组件的水经过文丘里管,这因此又降低了真空室(在两个隔膜之间)的空气压力。存在从真空室到大气的通气管,以允许空气在阀打开时通入真空室,以破坏通过文丘里管在真空室内形成的真空。这防止了密封构件被第一隔膜关闭,从而允许再填充水箱。
然后,随着水箱中的水位上升,水位最终到达压力室的底部。随着压力室外侧周围的水位持续上升,压力室内的空气压力将会增加。然而,由于压力室上的较小的通气孔,不能建立所述增加的空气压力,因此防止了第一隔膜简单地将密封构件推回到关闭位置。当水箱中的水位继续上升时,它将最终到达从真空室延伸出的排气管或通道的底部,从而阻隔空气进入真空室。因此,由于文丘里管的作用,开始建立真空压力,从而在第一隔膜上施加力以将密封构件拉回到关闭位置(使得水不再流过填充阀)。
因此,仅需要很小的力来使第一隔膜弯曲以将密封构件移动到打开位置,但是在真空室中存在由真空产生的很大的力(当通入真空室的外部通气管关闭时)以使第一隔膜弯曲从而将密封构件移回到关闭位置。因此,当填充阀处于其打开位置时,其将趋于保持打开(由于在密封构件组件上的力的平衡作用)。相反,当填充阀处于其关闭位置时,其将趋于保持关闭。因此,不需要另外的力来使打开的阀保持打开,或者使关闭的阀保持关闭。相反,仅需要很小的力来切换打开的阀使其关闭,或者切换关闭的阀使其打开。因此,本发明的系统提供了一种使用文丘里管关闭阀的新颖方式。
在其他优选的方面,本发明提供了一种打开和关闭填充阀的方法,包括:(a)降低压力室中的空气压力,从而使第一隔膜阀偏转,其中第一隔膜阀与压力室连通;(b)通过使第一隔膜阀偏转将阀组件中的密封构件移动到打开位置,其中密封构件由第一隔膜阀支撑,从而允许水流过填充阀;(c)引导水流过与填充阀连通的文丘里管,从而降低第一隔膜阀和第二隔膜阀之间的真空室中的空气压力,从而在需要关闭阀时提供能量源;并且然后(d)当阀打开时,利用外部通气通道使真空室通气,并且当水位上升并覆盖外部通气通道的底部时关闭通入真空室的外部通气通道以在真空室中建立负压,从而拉动第一隔膜阀并且将密封构件移动到关闭位置,从而阻止水流过填充阀。
为了实现前述和相关目的,本文结合以下描述和附图描述某些示例性方面。然而,这些方面仅指示可以使用所要求保护的主题的原理的各种方式中的几种,并且所要求保护的主题旨在包括所有这些方面及其等同物。当结合附图考虑时,根据下面的具体实施方式,其他优点和新颖特征可以变得显而易见。
附图说明
图1是本发明的真空操作式填充阀的立体图。
图2是对应于图1的分解透视图。
图3是本发明的真空操作式填充阀在填充阀关闭时(即当在冲洗过程之间马桶水箱装满水时)的侧剖视图。
图4是本发明的真空操作式填充阀在填充阀打开时(即在此期间马桶水箱正进行再填充)的侧剖视图。
图5是图1和图2的系统的另一立体图。
图6是处于关闭位置的阀的剖视图。
图7是处于打开位置的阀的剖视图。
图8是用于马桶水箱的填充阀系统的第二实施例的组装透视图。
图9是对应于图8的分解透视图。
图10是对应于图8的侧剖视图。
图11是图10的填充阀的特写剖视图。
具体实施方式
本公开的技术方案的特征可以通过使用一个或更多个不同的部件和相关联的构件经济地模制或组装,所述不同的部件和相关联的构件可以以经济的方式与已知的或要被设计的马桶冲洗系统组装在一起以进行可移除或整体应用,其中本公开的特征可以形成本文公开的服务装置,而不管其具体形式。除非另有限定,本文使用的本领域的所有术语、符号和其他科学术语或用词具有与本公开所属领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同的含义。
在一些情况下,为了清楚和/或为了易于参考,本文中定义了具有通常所理解的含义的术语,并且本文中包含的这些定义不应被一定解释为表示与本领域中通常所理解的术语之间的实质性差别。将本文引用的所有专利、申请、公布的申请和其他出版物的全部内容通过引用并入。如果在这一部分提出的定义与通过引用并入本文的专利、申请、公布的申请和其他出版物中提出的定义相反或不一致,则在这一部分提出的定义优先于通过引用并入本文的定义。
如本文所使用的,“一”或“一个”是指“至少一个”或“一个或更多个”。如本文所使用的,术语“用户”、“使用者”、“终端用户”等不限于特定实体或个人。例如,术语“用户”可以指使用本文所描述的系统和方法的人,并且经常可以是现场技术人员。然而,该术语不限于终端用户或技术人员,并且因此包括能够使用所公开的系统和方法的各种人员。
现在参照以下的详细描述能够更好地理解所公开的技术方案。应当明确理解的是,所示出的实施例作为示例提出而非限制最终由权利要求所限定的实施例。
图1和图2示出了本发明的填充阀系统310,其中图3示出了其处于关闭位置,图4示出了其处于打开位置。系统310包括:供水构件326;位于供水构件326的顶端处的阀组件304,该阀组件包括可在打开位置和关闭位置之间移动的密封构件315,其中在打开位置处水流过阀组件,在关闭位置处阻止水流过阀组件;压力室305;位于压力室305的顶端处的第一隔膜314,其中密封构件315安装到第一隔膜314,使得第一隔膜314的移动引起密封构件315的移动;安装到密封构件315的第二隔膜316;在第一隔膜314和第二隔膜316之间的真空室312;以及在可移动密封构件315的端部周围形成的文丘里管374,其中密封构件315具有穿过其的从文丘里管374到真空室312的空气通道。
供水构件326直立在马桶水箱中,并且优选地具有允许其固定到马桶水箱的底部中的孔的底端(未示出)。然后根据需要,将建筑供水管道连接到中空的供水构件326的底端以再填充马桶水箱。
盖子320也优选地设置在阀组件304的顶端上方,其中盖子320的尺寸优选地设计为当填充阀304打开时引导水在中空的供水构件326的外侧周围向下流动。
图3示出了处于其关闭位置(当周围的马桶水箱充满水并且压力室305的底端被浸没时)的填充阀310。
如下所述,接着当冲洗马桶时,系统快速地移动到如图4所示的打开位置。
在冲洗之前(图3),压力室305的下部浸没在水箱的水中。在冲洗时(图4),马桶水箱中的压力室305周围的水位下降将降低压力室305内的空气压力。然后,压力室305中的空气压力的下降导致第一隔膜314弯曲(如图4所示向左弯曲),从而导致密封构件315略微向左移动,并且从供水构件326内向上打开水流通道,并通过文丘里管374排出。密封构件315具有中空的内孔,所述内孔具有允许空气流入或流出真空室312的通气孔372。此外,在真空室312中还设置有外部通气管329。当水流过文丘里管374时,其减小了真空室312中的空气压力(通过将空气穿过孔372从真空室312中抽出并从文丘里管374内的密封构件314的远端抽出)。然而,此时,水箱中的水位将已经下降,使得通气管329的下端高于水面。因此,空气将通过通气管329被吸入真空室312。因此,第一隔膜阀314两侧的空气压力将保持大致相同。因此,阀将保持打开,再填充水箱。然而最终,水箱中的水位将上升至一定高度使得通气管329的底端会被浸没。外部空气不能再通过通气管329通入真空室312;然而,文丘里管374将继续将空气从真空室312中抽出。
因此,真空室312中的空气压力的降低使得第一隔膜314和第二隔膜316朝向彼此移动,从而将密封构件315推回到其关闭位置(图3)。因此,水流过填充阀组件304的作用实际上导致了填充阀关闭(在马桶水箱已经再填充了足够量的水之后)。
为了避免再填充用水过早地关闭阀,压力室305具有其自己的小型外部通气孔303。通气孔303比压力室305的开口底端小得多。因此,当在冲洗期间压力室305中的水位迅速下降时,能够产生使第一隔膜314弯曲以打开阀的真空。然而,随着在再填充期间水位缓慢地升高,当压力室305的底部被再填充水时,通气孔303允许空气从压力室305中缓慢地逸出。这种缓慢地再填充水不会使压力室305中的压力增加到如此程度以致其偏转第一隔膜314并且关闭阀。
在优选实施例中,在密封构件315周围的文丘里管374的入口处设置密封件317,以确保当阀组件304处于其关闭位置时流动路径被完全关闭。
在其他优选实施例中,如图所示,提供了用于在其中容纳第一隔膜314的上安装件327。上安装件327布置在压力室305的顶端。上安装件327、压力室305和第一隔膜314一起构成压力致动组件318。
本发明还提供了一种通过以下方式打开和关闭填充阀的方法:(a)降低压力室312中的空气压力,从而使第一隔膜阀314偏转;(b)通过使第一隔膜阀314偏转将阀组件304中的密封构件315移动到打开位置,其中密封构件315被第一隔膜阀314支撑,从而允许水流过填充阀304;(c)引导水流过填充阀304中的文丘里管374,从而降低第一隔膜阀314和第二隔膜阀316之间的真空室212中的空气压力,同时通过外部通气管329将空气吸入压力室312;然后(d)阻止气流通入真空室312中,同时继续通过文丘里管抽出空气,从而使第一隔膜阀314偏转,从而使密封构件315移动到关闭位置,从而阻止水流过填充阀304。
优选地,通过密封构件315中的内孔抽出空气来实现降低真空室312中的空气压力。降低真空室312中的空气压力导致第一隔膜314和第二隔膜316朝向彼此弯曲,从而使密封构件315移动到其关闭位置(当空气不再通过通气管329通入真空室312时)。
在现有的填充阀系统的方法中,浮子通常用于检测马桶水箱中的水位,从而使填充阀致动或停用。由于没有现有的方法关注减少打开填充阀所需的力的问题,所以大多数填充阀由于其浮子的相对较大的尺寸而较大。
系统310满足这些问题和更多问题。在不脱离本文所公开和描述的实施例的精神和范围的情况下,本领域普通技术人员可以进行许多改变和修改。因此,应当理解,所示出和描述的实施例仅仅是作为示例提出的,而不认为限制由所附权利要求所限定的实施例。例如,尽管以下以某种组合记载出权利要求的元素,但是必须明确地理解,实施例可以包括更少、更多或不同的、在上文中公开的元素的其他组合,即使这些元素最初没有以这样的组合要求保护。
以下在图8、9、10和11示出本发明的第二实施例。
提供了填充阀410。填充阀410在操作上类似于上述填充阀310,其具有第一隔膜414、第二隔膜316、密封构件415和密封件417。如图8所示,提供了倾倒式水箱401。填充阀410通过填充管440填充水箱401。通气管429连接到真空室412。当倾倒式水箱401中的水已经排空时,通气管429的顶端431将位于水面之上。最后,随着水箱401被再填充,通气管429的顶端431将再次变得被浸没在水箱的水中。此时,空气将停止流入真空室412。因此,文丘里管474的作用将降低真空室412中的空气压力,从而使第一隔膜414弯曲(图11中向左弯曲),使其移动密封构件415并关闭填充阀,停止水箱的再填充。
如从图10中能够看到,链条450可以在其下端处连接到密封构件415,并在其上端处连接到水箱401的上边缘。因此,当水箱401被排空时(通过绕着穿过连接器451的水平轴线倾斜),链条450的上端将被向上拉起,从而拉动隔膜414(在图10中向右拉动)以移动密封构件415进入打开位置。因此,本发明的第二实施例不需要压力室(如305)以打开阀。相反,阀的这种打开是通过机械拉动链条450(通过倾斜水箱)来完成的。因此,本发明提供了一种能够使用机械力来打开阀的系统,并且能够通过切断进入到与填充阀中的文丘里管连接的压力室中的气流来简单地关闭阀。
本领域普通技术人员所观察到的所要求保护的主题、现在已知或以后想到的非实质性改变被明确地考虑在等同于权利要求的范围内。因此,本领域普通技术人员现在或以后知道的明显的替代被定义为在所限定的元素的范围内。因此,这些权利要求被理解为包括上文具体说明和描述的内容、概念上等同的内容、能够被显而易见地取代的内容,还包括了实施例的基本概念。
上文所述包括一个或更多个实施例。当然,不可能为了描述前述实施例而描述构件或者方法的所有可想到的组合,但是本领域技术人员可以认识到,各实施例的许多进一步的组合和排列是可能的。因此,所描述的实施例旨在包括落入所附权利要求的精神和范围内的所有这种改动、修改和变化。此外,就在具体实施方式或权利要求中使用的术语“包括”而言,该术语旨在以与术语“包含”作为过渡词在权利要求中使用时被解释的方式类似的方式来包括。

Claims (26)

1.一种阀系统,所述系统包括:
(a)供水构件;
(b)与所述供水构件连通的阀组件,所述阀组件包括:
(i)可移动密封构件,所述密封构件能够在打开位置和关闭位置之间移动,在所述打开位置处,水流过所述阀组件;在所述关闭位置处,水被阻止流过所述阀组件;
(ii)压力室;
(iii)所述压力室中的第一隔膜,其中所述密封构件安装到所述第一隔膜,使得所述第一隔膜的移动导致所述密封构件的移动;
(iv)与所述密封构件连通的第二隔膜;
(v)在所述第一隔膜和所述第二隔膜之间的真空室;以及
(vi)位于所述可移动密封构件下游的文丘里管,其中所述密封构件具有从所述文丘里管穿过所述真空室的空气通道。
2.根据权利要求1所述的系统,还包括:
(c)位于所述阀组件上方的盖子,所述盖子的尺寸被设计为引导水在中空的供水构件的外侧周围向下流动。
3.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中,水流过所述文丘里管降低了所述真空室中的空气压力。
4.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中,所述压力室中的空气压力的降低使得所述第一隔膜将所述密封构件移动到所述打开位置,在该打开位置,水流过所述阀组件。
5.根据权利要求4所述的系统,其中,所述压力室中的空气压力的降低是由所述压力室周围的水位下降引起的。
6.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中,所述真空室中的空气压力的降低使得所述第一隔膜将所述密封构件移动到所述关闭位置,在该关闭位置,水不会流过所述阀组件。
7.根据权利要求6所述的系统,其中,所述真空室中的空气压力的降低是由水通过所述文丘里管引起的,从而当上升的水位阻塞了所述真空室的通气通道的入口时将空气抽出所述真空室。
8.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中,所述压力室具有开口端和通气孔,并且所述开口端比所述通气孔大。
9.根据权利要求1所述的系统,还包括:
(c)在所述密封构件周围的密封件,所述密封件位于所述文丘里管的入口处。
10.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中,所述阀组件还包括:
(c)在其中容纳所述第一隔膜的上安装件。
11.根据权利要求10所述的系统,其中,所述上安装件位于所述压力室的顶端。
12.一种打开和关闭阀的方法,所述方法包括:
(a)降低压力室中的空气压力,从而使第一隔膜阀偏转,其中所述第一隔膜阀与所述压力室连通;
(b)通过使所述第一隔膜阀偏转将阀组件中的密封构件移动到打开位置,其中所述密封构件由所述第一隔膜阀支撑,从而允许水流过所述填充阀;
(c)引导水流过所述填充阀中的文丘里管,从而将空气吸入所述第一隔膜阀和所述第二隔膜阀之间的真空室中,从而将所述密封构件保持在所述打开位置;然后
(d)阻塞通入所述真空室的通气管,从而降低所述真空室中的压力,从而使所述第一隔膜阀偏转,从而使所述密封构件移动到关闭位置,从而阻止水流过所述填充阀。
13.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中,通过降低所述压力室周围的液位来降低所述压力室中的空气压力。
14.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中,通过经由所述密封构件中的内孔抽取空气来降低所述第一隔膜阀和所述第二隔膜阀之间的真空室中的空气压力。
15.根据权利要求14所述的方法,其中,在阻塞了通入所述真空室的所述通气管之后降低了所述真空室中的空气压力,使得所述第一隔膜和所述第二隔膜朝向彼此偏转,从而使所述密封构件移动到所述关闭位置。
16.根据权利要求12所述的方法,其中,阻塞通入所述真空室的通气管是通过使水箱中的水上升导致所述通气管的一端浸没在水箱中的水来实现的。
17.一种阀系统,所述系统包括:
(a)供水构件;
(b)与所述供水构件连通的阀组件,所述阀组件包括:
(i)可移动密封构件,所述密封构件能够在打开位置和关闭位置之间移动,在所述打开位置处,水流过所述阀组件;在关闭位置处,水被阻止流过所述阀组件;
(ii)第一隔膜,其中所述密封构件安装到所述第一隔膜,使得所述第一隔膜的移动导致所述密封构件的移动;
(iv)与所述密封构件连通的第二隔膜;
(v)在所述第一隔膜和所述第二隔膜之间的真空室;以及
(vi)位于所述可移动密封构件的端部周围的文丘里管,其中所述密封构件具有从所述文丘里管穿过所述真空室的空气通道。
18.根据权利要求17所述的系统,其中,通过操作者的动作使所述第一隔膜移动以使所述密封构件移开并且使水开始流过所述文丘里管。
19.根据权利要求18所述的系统,其中,操作者移动所述第一隔膜的动作包括使水箱倾斜。
20.根据权利要求18所述的系统,其中,所述真空室中的空气压力的降低使得所述第一隔膜将所述密封构件移动到所述关闭位置,在该关闭位置,水不会流过所述阀组件。
21.根据权利要求20所述的系统,其中,所述真空室中的空气压力的降低是由水通过所述文丘里管引起的,从而当上升的水位阻塞了所述真空室的通气通道的入口时将空气抽出所述真空室。
22.根据权利要求21所述的系统,其中,上升的水位阻塞所述真空室中的通气通道的入口包括用水再填充水箱,其中通向通气通道的入口位于水箱内。
23.一种使用文丘里管能量来对阀的操作提供动力的方法,所述方法包括:
(a)使隔膜阀偏转将阀组件中的密封构件移动到打开位置,其中所述密封构件由所述隔膜阀支撑,从而允许水流过阀;
(b)引导水流过所述阀中的文丘里管,从而通过邻近所述隔膜阀的真空室抽取空气,从而将所述密封构件保持在打开位置;然后
(c)阻塞通入所述真空室的通气管,从而降低所述真空室中的压力,从而使所述隔膜阀偏转以使所述密封构件移动到关闭位置,从而阻止水流过所述阀。
24.根据权利要求23所述的方法,其中,通过压力室中的压力下降来使所述隔膜阀偏转。
25.根据权利要求23所述的方法,其中,通过使用者的机械作用来使所述隔膜阀偏转。
26.根据权利要求23所述的方法,其中,阻塞通入所述真空室的通气管包括将管子的一端浸没在流体中。
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