CN107532233A - 在阳极炉方法中的废料熔融 - Google Patents
在阳极炉方法中的废料熔融 Download PDFInfo
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 87
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- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明提供一种熔融铜废料和/或精炼泡铜的方法，包括以下步骤：(a)将铜废料装入空的阳极炉中并熔融铜废料；(b)将熔融的泡铜装入阳极炉中；(c)任选地将更多的铜废料装入阳极炉中并熔融铜废料；(d)任选地重复步骤(b)和/或(c)一次或多次，直到阳极炉充满，并且已装入并熔融所需量的铜废料直到获得最终的铜批料；以及(e)精炼最终的铜批料以获得阳极铜。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及铜废料的处理，特别涉及一种在阳极炉中熔融铜废料和/或精炼泡铜的方法。
背景技术
在转炉中产生的泡铜或直接用于泡铜熔炼炉的泡铜在将其铸造成阳极之前纯化硫和氧。这在阳极炉(AF)中以已知为火法精炼的方法进行。阳极炉除了将泡铜精炼成阳极铜之外，还可用于熔融固体铜，例如来自炼油厂的铜废料和自身的阳极铜废料。然而，常规阳极炉在操作期间具有非常有限的熔融固体铜的能力。因此，通常，铜废料在单独的铜废料炉中熔融。
WO2011/103132公开了一种铜的阳极精炼的方法，其中首先将熔融泡铜提供到炉中，然后将铜废料加入到在炉中的熔融泡铜中，并最终将加入的铜废料熔融并使用由顶吹多功能集束射流枪产生的熔融火焰来加热加入的熔融泡铜。多功能集束射流枪需要使用昂贵且通常在熔炉中不易获得的高压氧气和高压氮气。冷却水要求也很高。
发明内容
因此，本发明的一个目的是提供一种方法以减少上述缺点。本发明的目的通过特征在于独立权利要求中所述的那些方法来实现。在从属权利要求中公开了本发明的优选实施方案。
本发明基于以下认识：一旦先前批料的铸造完成，就立即可利用阳极炉等待时间来熔融铜废料。在空的阳极炉中铜废料的熔融可通过使用一个或多个常规管中管氧燃料燃烧器来完成。因此，本发明的方法可通过使用中压氧并不使用氮来实现。冷却水要求也明显更低。
附图简要说明
在下文中，将参考附图(附图)通过优选实施方案更详细地描述本发明，其中
图1是根据本发明的方法阳极炉操作的时间推移的实施例。
具体实施例方式
本发明提供了一种熔融铜废料和/或精炼泡铜的方法，包括以下步骤：
(a)将铜废料装入空的阳极炉中并熔融铜废料；
(b)将熔融的泡铜装入该阳极炉中；
(c)任选地将更多的铜废料装入阳极炉中并熔融铜废料；
(d)任选地重复步骤(b)和/或(c)一次或多次，直到阳极炉充满，以及已装入并熔融所需量的铜废料直到获得最终的熔融铜批料；
(e)精炼最终的熔融铜批料以获得阳极铜。
将铜废料装入空的阳极炉中可增加用于熔融的时间，并允许更大的废料负荷并提高操作灵活性。此外，当不需要单独的废料熔融炉容量时，改进的铜废料熔融能力使得能够停止运转现有的现场单独的废料熔融炉或者可节省资本支出成本。术语“铜废料”特别是指固体铜，例如来自炼油厂的铜废料和自身的阳极铜废料。
术语“空的阳极炉”是指阳极铸造后，即先前精炼的熔融铜批料已经从阳极炉倒入阳极模具中后的阳极炉的状态。因此，空的阳极炉因此可以含有少量的从相同的熔融铜铸造中残余的熔融铜。因此，术语“空的阳极炉”特别是意指在铸造先前精炼的铜批料之后第一次铜废料批料装入阳极炉之前，没有在转炉中生产的和/或直接用于泡铜熔炼炉中的熔融泡铜加入到阳极炉中。因此，在铸造先前的精制铜批料之后直接进行本方法的步骤(a)。然而，阳极炉的所需日常维护在步骤(a)中的第一铜废料批料的第一废料进料和熔融之前或之后进行。阳极炉的环境中术语“满”是指在完成装入铜废料和熔融泡铜之后的阳极炉的状态，即是指已达到期望的填充程度并且已将期望量的铜废料和熔融泡铜装入阳极炉中。
图1示出了根据本发明的方法阳极炉操作的时间推移的实施例。该实施例显示了在22小时操作周期中单个阳极炉(AF)的操作步骤。每个操作步骤和操作周期显示的时间是示例性的并且不旨在限制所述实例的范围。
在先前精制铜批料(31)的铸造(30)之后，首先将第一批铜废料(11)以多个更小的批料(未示出)装入空的阳极炉(1)中。在第一批铜废料(11)已装入和熔融(10)之后，至少部分地，将第一批熔融的泡铜(21)从直接的泡铜熔炼炉或转炉中以多个更小的批料(未示出)流入阳极炉(AF)中。然后将第二批铜废料(12)以多个更小的批料(未示出)加入阳极炉(AF)中。在将第二批铜废料(12)加入并熔融(10)之后，至少部分地，将第二批熔融的泡铜(22)从直接的泡铜熔炼炉或转炉中流入阳极炉(AF)中。如果需要，可以加入更多的铜废料和/或熔融铜以获得最终的铜批料，然后对所述最终的铜批料进行任何合适的用于精炼最终的铜批料的火法精炼方法，即通常为氧化(50)、除渣(60)和还原(70)。然后将获得的精制铜批料(即阳极铜)铸造(32)。铸造(32)后，可直接通过装入下一个操作周期的第一批铜废料(13)来开始下一个操作周期。每批装入的铜废料批料可分成连续装入的多批，即两批或更多批。在该实施例中，阳极炉的所需日常维护(40)在第一废料熔融(11)之后进行。
为了优化用于熔融的时间并为了最小化阳极炉的空载时间，优选在阳极铸造后立即开始装入铜废料。这样可以最大化废料熔融时间并提高操作灵活性。术语“立即”表示阳极炉的所需日常维护在第一废料批料熔融后进行。
优选地，通过使用一个或多个位于炉壳上的常规管中管式空气燃料、空气/氧燃料或氧燃料燃烧器(即壳式燃烧器(mantle burner))向阳极炉提供额外的热能来实现铜废料的熔融。使用壳式燃烧器可以结合使用端壁燃烧器(end-wall burner)来混合阳极炉中的燃烧气体，从而导致热气体的停留时间更长并提高阳极炉中的熔融效率。壳式燃烧器可将空气、富氧空气或纯氧与固体、气体或液体燃料共同使用，优选纯氧与气体或液体燃料共同使用。位于炉壳的壳式燃烧器能够直接使火焰与位于炉底的铜废料接触，并且不受铜溅沫的影响。
可在步骤(b)中的将熔融泡铜加入到阳极炉中的同时，部分地完成步骤(a)中的铜废料的熔融。
使用本发明的方法，最终铜批料的总重量的至少15重量％可为铜废料。优选地，最终熔融铜批料的总重量的至少20重量％为铜废料。因此，对应于熔炼炉和电解方法中总阳极废料形成的和/或从阳极铜的电解中回收的所有铜废料可在阳极炉中熔融。
通常在步骤(a)中加入最终的熔融铜批料中的全部加入的铜废料重量的至少50重量％，优选60至100重量％。在阳极炉保温期间装入和熔融的废料量最大化，以使炉实际处理(氧化/还原)时间最短化，因为废料的进料耗时。
将铜废料通常以小的、优选2至4吨的批料有利地装入空的阳极炉中。这允许铜废料更快地熔融。这些小批料总计为完整的批料，通常高达35吨的批料。铜废料的单批进料堆优选分为5批至15批。
精炼最终的铜批料以获得阳极铜可通过本领域技术人员已知的任何合适的火法精炼方法来实现。通常，通过两步法实现火法精炼。在第一步——氧化——中，将大部分硫通过将含氧气体如空气注入熔融铜熔池中作为SO2气体除去。在第二步——还原——中，将溶解的氧通过将还原剂注入熔融铜熔池中除去。通常，还原剂是烃，例如天然气或柴油、丙烷、氢气、一氧化碳或氨。
对于本领域技术人员显而易见的是，随着技术的进步，本发明的概念可以多种方式实现。本发明及其实施方案不限于上述实施例，但可在权利要求的范围内变化。
Claims (6)
1.一种熔融铜废料和/或精炼泡铜的方法，包括以下步骤：
(a)将铜废料装入空的阳极炉中并熔融铜废料；
(b)将熔融的泡铜装入阳极炉中；
(c)任选地将更多的铜废料装入阳极炉中并熔融铜废料；
(d)任选地重复步骤(b)和/或(c)一次或多次，直到阳极炉充满，并且装入并熔融所需量的铜废料直到获得最终的熔融铜批料。
(e)精炼最终的熔融铜批料以获得阳极铜。
2.权利要求1所述的方法，其中通过使用一种或多种位于炉壳上的常规的管中管式空气燃料、空气/氧燃料或氧燃料燃烧器，即壳式燃烧器，向阳极炉提供额外的热能来实现铜废料的熔融。
3.权利要求2所述的方法，其中使用壳式燃烧器结合使用端壁燃烧器用于混合阳极炉中的燃烧气体。
4.权利要求1至3中任一项所述的方法，其中最终铜批料的总重量的至少15重量％，优选至少20重量％为铜废料。
5.权利要求1至4中任一项所述的方法，其中在步骤(a)中加入最终熔融铜批料中的全部装入的铜废料的重量的至少50重量％，优选60至100重量％。
6.权利要求1至5中任一项所述的方法，其中在阳极铸造之后立即开始步骤(a)的铜废料的进料。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI20155299A FI127349B (en) | 2015-04-23 | 2015-04-23 | Smelting of scrap metal in anode furnace processes |
| FI20155299 | 2015-04-23 | ||
| PCT/FI2016/050262 WO2016170233A1 (en) | 2015-04-23 | 2016-04-21 | Scrap melting in anode furnace processes |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107532233A true CN107532233A (zh) | 2018-01-02 |
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| CN201680022480.9A Pending CN107532233A (zh) | 2015-04-23 | 2016-04-21 | 在阳极炉方法中的废料熔融 |
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| Country | Link |
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| US (1) | US10422020B2 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP3286347B1 (zh) |
| KR (1) | KR102015720B1 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN107532233A (zh) |
| CL (1) | CL2017002638A1 (zh) |
| EA (1) | EA032878B1 (zh) |
| ES (1) | ES2747936T3 (zh) |
| FI (1) | FI127349B (zh) |
| PH (1) | PH12017501906B1 (zh) |
| PL (1) | PL3286347T3 (zh) |
| RS (1) | RS59384B1 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2016170233A1 (zh) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111663050A (zh) * | 2020-05-05 | 2020-09-15 | 中色（天津）特种材料有限公司 | 用于铜连铸工艺的铜废料预处理及其熔炼铜的方法 |
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| US4444586A (en) * | 1982-12-01 | 1984-04-24 | Amax Inc. | Method of melting copper in a hearth melt-down furnace with roof burner system |
| WO1999015706A1 (en) * | 1997-09-24 | 1999-04-01 | Kennecott Holdings Company | Method of moderating temperature peaks in and/or increasing throughput of a continuous, top-blown copper converting furnace |
| CN2859273Y (zh) * | 2005-09-15 | 2007-01-17 | 颜军 | 长管式燃烧器 |
| CN102812136A (zh) * | 2010-02-16 | 2012-12-05 | 普莱克斯技术有限公司 | 铜阳极精炼系统和方法 |
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| IT1401968B1 (it) | 2010-09-24 | 2013-08-28 | Properzi | Impianto di fusione e di raffinazione di metalli non ferrosi impuri, particolarmente rottami di rame e/o rame impuro proveniente dalla lavorazione di minerali. |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| PH12017501906A1 (en) | 2018-03-05 |
| US20180100216A1 (en) | 2018-04-12 |
| EP3286347A1 (en) | 2018-02-28 |
| FI127349B (en) | 2018-04-13 |
| KR102015720B1 (ko) | 2019-08-28 |
| EA201792177A1 (ru) | 2018-05-31 |
| US10422020B2 (en) | 2019-09-24 |
| CL2017002638A1 (es) | 2018-03-16 |
| ES2747936T3 (es) | 2020-03-12 |
| PL3286347T3 (pl) | 2019-12-31 |
| KR20170132312A (ko) | 2017-12-01 |
| WO2016170233A1 (en) | 2016-10-27 |
| EP3286347B1 (en) | 2019-07-03 |
| PH12017501906B1 (en) | 2018-03-05 |
| EA032878B1 (ru) | 2019-07-31 |
| RS59384B1 (sr) | 2019-11-29 |
| FI20155299A (fi) | 2016-10-24 |
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