CN107522580A - A kind of rice straw organic fertilizer and its production method - Google Patents
A kind of rice straw organic fertilizer and its production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107522580A CN107522580A CN201710980714.7A CN201710980714A CN107522580A CN 107522580 A CN107522580 A CN 107522580A CN 201710980714 A CN201710980714 A CN 201710980714A CN 107522580 A CN107522580 A CN 107522580A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B13/00—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials
- C05B13/02—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials from rock phosphates
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of rice straw organic fertilizer, belongs to crop material utilization and organic fertilizer production field.Organic fertilizer formula of the present invention includes following raw material by weight:1000 parts of rice straw, 1,200 1400 parts of water, 98% 40 60 parts of concentrated sulfuric acid solution, 85% 90 110 parts of concentrated phosphoric acid, 25 30 parts of ammonia, 200 300 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 20 30 parts of diatomite in powder, there is 12 parts of leavening for promoting straw decomposing function.Organic fertilizer of the present invention will be obtained after the mixed fermentation in certain sequence of these raw materials, stirring, drying.Organic fertilizer nutrient content of the present invention is high, nutrient is complete, balanced, the function with improved soil, and its simple production process, with short production cycle.The present invention takes full advantage of rice straw the like waste, and no waste water and dregs produce, and are adapted to large-scale production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to crop material utilize and organic fertilizer production field, and in particular to a kind of rice straw organic fertilizer and its
Production method.
Background technology
Rice is China's staple food crop, stalk enormous amount.Rice straw organic matter enriches, and from farmland, leads to
Everfermentation is decomposed, gives back in farmland, is to supplement the soil organism, soil nutrient, the important fertilizer source for improving soil texture.Cause
Rice straw surface covers the reason such as coating of wax matter and cellulose, hemicellulose, content of lignin height, traditional rice straw fermentation
Decomposed, the time is long, efficiency is low, and peasant is unwilling to use mostly;In recent years, as agricultural machinery is promoted, by straw in a manner of rotary tillage
Stalk, which directly smashes, turns over embedment field, although simple and easy to do, due to not passing through desinsection, sterilization, killing the processing such as weed seed, disease
Insect pest etc. easily remains, and has the popular potential risk of huge disease, insect pest, weeds, and few places have even occurred because of straw
Stalk rotary tillage direct returning to farmland and there is disease severe epidemic situation.Meanwhile although the various nutrient elements of rice straw are complete, nitrogen,
The Main Nutrients constituent content such as phosphorus is too low, and course of fermentation is slow, limits straw utilization.
Chinese patent CN201510282842 " it is a kind of by acid, alkali process stalk organic fertilizer production technique ", with hydrochloric acid,
Sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid and potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, the strong acid and strong base solution of calcium hydroxide, by controlling acid, aqueous slkali pH in 4-5
And 9-10 scopes and short time processing is carried out to stalk, and after rinsing out acid solution, alkali lye respectively with clear water, with compost fermentation side
Formula produces organic fertilizer, and its operating process is complicated, and nutrient content is low, and it is demonstrated experimentally that handle rice straw in a manner of this soda acid, imitates
Fruit and unobvious, it is also possible to cause environmental pollution, the compost time is longer and nutrient content is not high.
China's mid low grade phosphate rock reserves are huge, are especially suitable for production calcium magnesium phosphate.Calcium magnesium phosphate rich in phosphorus, magnesium, silicon,
The nutrients such as calcium, potassium, a variety of necessary nutrients can be provided for plant growth.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome shortcoming and deficiency existing for prior art, there is provided a kind of rice straw organic fertilizer and
Its production method.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of rice straw organic fertilizer, it is formulated comprising following raw material by weight:1000 parts of rice straw, water
1200-1400 parts, 98% concentrated sulfuric acid solution 40-60 parts, 85% concentrated phosphoric acid 90-110 parts, ammonia 25-30 parts, calcium magnesium phosphate
200-300 parts, diatomite in powder 20-30 parts, there is the leavening 1-2 parts for promoting straw decomposing function.Can be according to plant growth pair
The demand status of nitrogen, phosphorus nutrient, suitably adjust sulfuric acid dosage, phosphoric acid dosage, calcium magnesium phosphate dosage, ammonia usage.Above-mentioned 98%
Concentrated sulfuric acid solution 40-60 parts, 85% concentrated phosphoric acid 90-110 parts are the limitations to sulfuric acid, the total dosage of phosphoric acid, if the concentrated sulfuric acid
Solution, concentrated phosphoric acid concentration, which change then parts by weight, to keep total amount constant with respective change.
The production method of above-mentioned rice straw organic fertilizer, comprises the following steps:
(1) rice straw prepares:
Rice straw is smashed into powdered segment, preferably 0.2-0.3 centimetres of powdered segment;
(2) part rice straw acid treatment:
The water for being formulated dosage 1/3rd to half is added in reactor, adds the dense sulphur of formula dosage slowly
Acid solution, the concentrated phosphoric acid of formula dosage is added after stirring slowly, is stirred;Dosage 1 to two/3rds will be formulated
/ mono- rice straw is added in reactor, is mixed, is mixed thoroughly, handles 12-24 hours, is substantially changed to stalk color, straw
Stalk substantially softens, fiber is easy to pull apart;
(3) remaining rice straw and clear water are added:
The remaining rice straw of formula dosage and water are continuously added in a kettle, stirring, are mixed, are made acid solution in material
It is uniformly distributed;
(4) it is passed through ammonia and adds calcium magnesium phosphate processing:
The ammonia of formula dosage is passed through in a kettle, is absorbed to ammonia;The calcium magnesium phosphate of formula dosage is added, stir,
Mix, calcium magnesium phosphate is fully contacted with rice straw and acid solution, react 1-3 hours, no longer rise to temperature;
(5) diatomite in powder is added:
The diatomite in powder of formula dosage is added, 10-30 minutes is stirred, diatomite in powder is evenly distributed in material;
(6) fermentation maturity microbial inoculum, aerobic fermentation are accessed:
In the rice straw material Jing Guo above-mentioned processing, add formula dosage has the hair for promoting straw decomposing function
Yeast-like fungi agent, carry out aerobic fermentation, 1-2 days i.e. can reach 70-80 DEG C and enter the megathermal period, then by the stirring of 7-9 days, curing,
Temperature-fall period, you can it is decomposed, and promote material to carry out moisture evaporation by this process, promote dry materials;
(7) dry:
To the material after decomposed further carries out stirring, suitably dry etc. the water content that reduces operates, make the moisture in product
Content is to less than 10%, as this product.
The present invention is rich in the Common materials of nutrient element by phosphoric acid, ammonia etc., filled using rice straw as primary raw material
While dividing the destruction main matter structure such as rice straw surface wax and cellulose, lignin, suitably raised using reaction heat
Reaction temperature, and the nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus are suitably supplemented, in a manner of organic and inorganic be combined, significantly shorten the fermentation maturity cycle, with
It is easy to automation, scale, factorial praluction mode, produces rice straw organic fertilizer, both containing abundant organic matter, again containing abundance
The quick-acting nutrient elements such as N P and K, it is possible to achieve long-acting nutrient and the association of available nutrient, supply crop nutrition content with supporting soil with soil
Adjust unified.
The present invention is had the following advantages relative to prior art and effect:
1st, the difficult degradation compositions such as the lignin of part rice straw, cellulose are carried out with acids such as sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid
It is sufficiently destroyed and degrades to a certain degree, so as to provides good bar for the mushrooming out of related fermentative microorganism in rice straw
Part;
2nd, the characteristics of taking full advantage of the porosity and big specific surface area of diatomite in powder, the water in fermentation materials is fully adsorbed
Dissolubility and the nitrogen nutrient of effumability etc., volatilizing, scattering and disappearing for the nutrient such as ammonia in fermentation process is effectively prevent, ensure that
The good nutrition and growth conditions of fermentative microorganism;
3rd, caused chemical reaction heat between the material such as acid solution and ammonia, calcium magnesium phosphate is made full use of, makes material fermentation rotten
Ripe initial temperature has obvious rising, so as to promote rice straw Rapid Fermentation and decomposed;
4th, obtained by the pathogeny bacterium of the carryings such as processing, rice straw such as strong acid, fermentation high temperature, worm's ovum, weed seed etc.
Processing and kill, ensure that with fertilizer safety;
5th, simple production process, it is with short production cycle, rice straw the like waste is taken full advantage of, and produce without waste water and dregs
It is raw, turn waste into wealth, environmental protection, be especially suitable for batch production, large-scale production;
6th, the advantages of organic fertilizer is with quick-acting chemical fertilizer has been merged, the content of organic matter is enriched, and the essential nutrient contents such as N P and K are high,
Other nutrients are complete, balanced, comprehensive, can not only supply crop nutrition content comprehensively, available for base manure, top dressing etc., also with conditioned soil
Earth acts on.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
Composition of raw materials:1000 kilograms of rice straw, 1300 kilograms of water, 98% 50 kilograms of concentrated sulfuric acid solution, 85% phosphatase 11 00
Kilogram, 28 kilograms of ammonia, 250 kilograms of calcium magnesium phosphate, 25 kilograms of diatomite in powder, there is the leavening 1 for promoting straw decomposing function
Kilogram;
Production:650 kilograms of clear water is added in reactor, 50 kilogram of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid is added slowly, after stirring
Add 100 kilograms of 85% concentrated phosphoric acid slowly again, stir;Add the rice for being ground into 0.2-0.3 centimetres of powdered segment
500 kilograms of stalk, mixes, stirs, after reacting 15 hours, to stalk color substantially changes, stalk substantially softens, fiber is easy
In pulling apart;Second half rice straw and clear water through pulverization process are added, stirring, is well mixed, is passed through 28 kilograms of ammonia, stirs
Mix, it is seen that ammonia absorbs;Then 250 kilograms of calcium magnesium phosphate is added, mixing, stirring, visible material is warming up to 35 DEG C after 2 hours
(now 16 DEG C of environment temperature);After adding 25 kilograms of diatomite in powder and mixing, Henan Province's Hebi City people's member biotechnology hair is added
The Rw for opening up Co., Ltd's production promotees rotten 1 kilogram of agent (stalk type) and mixed with material, and aerobic fementation, after fermentation temperature is within 1 day
76 DEG C are risen to, starts daily stirring after 32 times, so by the curing of 7 days, temperature-fall period and passes through the process and accelerates material
After moisture evaporation, that is, normal temperature is down to, is suitably dried to water content 10%, product (processing 1) as of the present invention.To be added without calcium and magnesium
Phosphate fertilizer or diatomite in powder production reference product 1 (processing 2), reference product 2 (processing 3), carry out product control.
The invention product of table 1 is compared with reference product situation
Ratio defective product is formed the ratio of product by 100 kilograms of rice straws in table.
In the present embodiment, processing 2 is because being added without calcium magnesium phosphate processing, and material is in highly acid, and microbial fermentation is not easy to carry out,
Although nitrogen nutrition and the loss of rice straw organic matter are few, total fertility level is low, and does not possess fertilizer function;Processing 3 does not add
The nutrients such as diatomite in powder, ammonium ion are not adsorbed effectively, and especially the megathermal period is easy to lost in fermentation process, decomposed and drying process
Corresponding to extend, organic matter consumption is more, and ratio defective product is relatively low.Invention product yield is high, the production cycle is shorter, fertility level also compared with
It is high.
Embodiment 2
Composition of raw materials:1000 kilograms of rice straw, 1200 kilograms of water, 40 kilograms of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid solution, 85% phosphoric acid
90 kilograms, 25 kilograms of ammonia, 200 kilograms of calcium magnesium phosphate, 20 kilograms of diatomite in powder, there is the leavening for promoting straw decomposing function
1 kilogram;
Production:600 kilograms of clear water is added in reactor, 40 kilogram of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid is added slowly, after stirring
Add 0 kilogram of 85% phosphatase 79 slowly again, stir;Add the rice straw for being ground into 0.2-0.3 centimetres of powdered segment
400 kilograms, mix, stir, after reacting 15 hours, to stalk color substantially changes, stalk substantially softens, fiber is easy to pull
It is disconnected;Add and be left 600 kilograms of 600 kilograms of rice straws and clear water through pulverization process, stirring, be well mixed, into reactor
25 kilograms of ammonia is passed through, is stirred, it is seen that ammonia absorbs;Then 200 kilograms of calcium magnesium phosphate is added, mixing, stirring can after 2 hours
See that material is warming up to 38 DEG C (now 23 DEG C of environment temperature);After adding 20 kilograms of diatomite in powder and mixing, it is green to add Beijing Kang Yuan
" such as gold " 1 kilogram of straw decomposing em strains (being added without the nutritional agents supporting with the strain) of continent bio tech ltd production
And mixed with material, aerobic fementation, 2 days after fermentation temperature rise to 72 DEG C, start daily stirring after 32 times, so by 8
It curing, temperature-fall period and after accelerating material moisture evaporation by the process, that is, be down to normal temperature, be suitably dried to water content
10%, product (processing 1) as of the present invention.To be added without calcium magnesium phosphate or diatomite in powder production reference product 1 (processing 2), right
According to product 2 (processing 3), product control is carried out.
The invention product of table 2 is compared with reference product situation
Ratio defective product is formed the ratio of product by 100 kilograms of rice straws in table.
In the present embodiment, same processing 2 is handled because being added without calcium magnesium phosphate, is not easy to be fermented, total nutrient is relatively low and not
Possesses fertilizer function;Processing 3 does not add diatomite in powder, and decomposed and drying process accordingly extends, and ratio defective product is relatively low.Product of the present invention
Production cycle, fertility level and yield are higher.
Embodiment 3
Composition of raw materials:1000 kilograms of rice straw, 1400 kilograms of water, 98% 60 kilograms of concentrated sulfuric acid solution, 85% concentrated phosphoric acid
110 kilograms of solution, 30 kilograms of ammonia, 300 kilograms of calcium magnesium phosphate, 30 kilograms of diatomite in powder, have and promote straw decomposing function
2 kilograms of leavening.
Production:700 kilograms of clear water is added in reactor, 60 kilogram of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid is added slowly, after stirring
Add 10 kilograms of 85% phosphatase 11 slowly again, stir;Add water of the pulverization process into 0.2-0.3 centimetres of powdered segment
500 kilograms of rice straw, mixes, stirs, after reacting 16 hours, to stalk color substantially changes, stalk substantially softens, fiber
It is easy to pull apart;Add and be left 700 kilograms of 500 kilograms of rice straws and clear water through pulverization process, it is stirring, well mixed, to anti-
Answer and 30 kilograms of ammonia is passed through in kettle, stir, it is seen that ammonia absorbs;Then 300 kilograms of calcium magnesium phosphate is added, mixing, stirring, 2 is small
When after visible material when being warming up to 46 DEG C temperature no longer rise (now 24 DEG C of environment temperature);Add 30 kilograms of diatomite in powder and mix
After even, the universal common fermentation of organic wastes agent of N-3054 of Shandong Province Changtai bio tech ltd production is added ---
2 kilograms of Changtai biology " efficient decomposing agent " simultaneously mixes with material, and aerobic fementation, after fermentation temperature rises to 78 DEG C, after 3 within 1 day
Start daily stirring 2 times, after so by the curing of 7 days, temperature-fall period and by the process accelerating material moisture evaporation, that is, drop
To normal temperature, water content 10%, as this product (processing 1) are suitably dried to.To be added without calcium magnesium phosphate or diatomite in powder production
Reference product 1 (processing 2), reference product 2 (processing 3), carry out properties of product control.
The invention product of table 3 is compared with reference product situation
Ratio defective product is formed the ratio of product by 100 kilograms of rice straws in table.
The present embodiment and embodiment 1, the situation of embodiment 2 are essentially identical, life cycle of the product, fertility level and production of the present invention
Rate is higher.
Above-described embodiment is the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but embodiments of the present invention are not by above-described embodiment
Limitation, other any Spirit Essences without departing from the present invention with made under principle change, modification, replacement, combine, simplification,
Equivalent substitute mode is should be, is included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
- A kind of 1. rice straw organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that:It is formulated comprising following raw material by weight:Rice straw 1000 parts, water 1200-1400 parts, 98% concentrated sulfuric acid solution 40-60 parts, 85% concentrated phosphoric acid 90-110 parts, ammonia 25-30 parts, Calcium magnesium phosphate 200-300 parts, diatomite in powder 20-30 parts, there is the leavening 1-2 parts for promoting straw decomposing function.
- 2. the production method of the rice straw organic fertilizer described in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Comprise the following steps:(1)Rice straw prepares:Rice straw is smashed into powdered segment;(2)Part rice straw acid treatment:The water for being formulated dosage 1/3rd to half is added in reactor, the concentrated sulfuric acid for adding formula dosage slowly is molten Liquid and concentrated phosphoric acid, stir;The rice straw for being formulated dosage 1/3rd to half is added in reactor, Mix, mix thoroughly, handle 12-24 hours;(3)Add remaining rice straw and clear water:The remaining rice straw of formula dosage and water are continuously added in a kettle, stirring, is mixed, and make acid solution uniform in material Distribution;(4)It is passed through ammonia and adds calcium magnesium phosphate processing:The ammonia of formula dosage is passed through in a kettle, is absorbed to ammonia;The calcium magnesium phosphate of formula dosage is added, stirring, is mixed, Calcium magnesium phosphate is fully contacted with rice straw and acid solution, react to temperature and no longer rise;(5)Add diatomite in powder:The diatomite in powder of formula dosage is added, stirring makes diatomite in powder be evenly distributed in material;(6)Access fermentation maturity microbial inoculum, aerobic fermentation:In the rice straw material Jing Guo above-mentioned processing, add formula dosage has the zymophyte for promoting straw decomposing function Agent, carry out aerobic fermentation, into the megathermal period after again by 7-9 days stirring, curing, temperature-fall period, you can it is decomposed;(7)Dry:Make it is decomposed after material in moisture be down to less than 10%, obtain rice straw organic fertilizer.
- 3. production method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:Step(1)For rice straw is smashed into 0.2-0.3 Centimetre powdered segment.
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Cited By (2)
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---|---|---|---|---|
CN109721432A (en) * | 2019-03-12 | 2019-05-07 | 湖南泰谷生态工程有限公司 | A kind of alkalescent fertilizer and the preparation method and application thereof |
CN112939641A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-06-11 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for returning straw to field in quick rotting mode |
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