CN107511898A - 一种用于竹编的竹材‑树脂一体化材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种用于竹编的竹材‑树脂一体化材料的制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107511898A
CN107511898A CN201710601547.0A CN201710601547A CN107511898A CN 107511898 A CN107511898 A CN 107511898A CN 201710601547 A CN201710601547 A CN 201710601547A CN 107511898 A CN107511898 A CN 107511898A
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杨毅
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于竹编的竹材/树脂一体化材料的制备方法，本发明将篾丝经碱化、乙酰化、注入树脂、表面处理等步骤，对竹纤维的结构进行一定的改变，通过加压浸渍的方法引入纳米量级的树脂微球，高效的将树脂与竹纤维的特性相结合，实现了竹丝与树脂的一体化成型，改善了传统方法制备的竹塑材料韧性不足的缺点，可直接作为竹编材料，制得的材料柔韧光滑，更易造型，抗腐蚀性及耐水性均得到提高，提高了竹编制品的附加值。

Description

一种用于竹编的竹材-树脂一体化材料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及竹编材料技术领域，尤其涉及一种用于竹编的竹材-树脂一体化材料的制备方法。
背景技术
竹子是一种天然的纤维素纤维增强木质素基复合材料，具有比强度高、比模量大、可再生等一系列的优点。同时我国具有独天得厚的竹资源优势，实现竹材的高效利用将对我国的经济建设和社会发展有十分重要的意思。我国有着悠久的竹产品加工历史，随着消费者生活观念的转变，竹编制品逐渐开拓了一片市场，然而传统手工制作的工艺品已经不能满足现代人审美要求。竹材作为一种天然纤维，其本身壁薄、中空、变异性大，加工效率和利用率低，与聚合物界面粘结力差，传统手工制作方法过程中很难对竹材的结构产生较大的改变，其性能的改变也十分有限。
传统的竹塑复合材料是以竹锯末、竹屑、竹渣等竹纤维为主要原料，利用高分子化学界面融合原理和增强填充改性的特点，按照一定比例配混的塑料基料，辅以适当的加工助剂经特殊工艺处理后加工成型得到的多功能新型材料。竹塑材料具有表面光洁、质地密实的优点，有效的将竹纤维的优点与塑料的优点相结合，目前竹塑材料主要应用于建筑、包装和家装等领域。若能将竹塑材料应用于竹编领域，将会极大的拓宽传统竹编产品的表现力，但是传统的竹塑材料强度较高，韧性不足，破坏了竹材本身的纹理和美感，不适合作为编织材料。
发明内容
本发明为了弥补已有技术的缺陷，提供一种用于竹编的竹材-树脂一体化材料的制备方法及其制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种用于竹编的竹材/树脂一体化材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）选用两年以上的青壮竹子，根据用材长短的需要，截取竹段，锯截要平直，避免损裂；
（2）将竹段中的竹节突出处用刀刮平；
（3）将竹段纵劈成竹条，然后将大条劈成厚薄均匀的小条；
（4）将竹条表面青色胶质层刮掉，留下竹黄条备用；
（5）将竹黄条劈篾、劈丝，加工成厚度为1-2mm、宽度为1-5mm的篾丝；
（6）将篾丝浸没于浓度为0.5-5%的氢氧化钠溶液中蒸煮0.5-5h后取出，浸入40-50℃水中浸泡2-10h，处理结束后捞出篾丝，干燥至含水量5-20%；
（7）将干燥处理后的篾丝投入温度80-100℃的乙酰化流体中，两者的体积比为1:10-50，搅拌均匀后密闭加压反应1-3h，反应结束后卸压，待体系冷却至室温后取出篾丝，经水洗、干燥后得乙酰化篾丝；
（8）将乙酰化篾丝投入水性纳米树脂乳液中，密闭加压浸渍处理1-5h后出料，水洗1-2次后送入真空干燥室干燥处理2-10h；
（9）干燥后的篾丝表面均匀喷涂氨基硅油乳液，喷涂完毕后自然干燥至含水量≤5%，即得所述竹编材料。
步骤（7）中所述的乙酰化流体为乙酸酐与冰醋酸按照90:10的质量比配制而成。
步骤（7）中所述的压力为0.45-0.70MPa。
步骤（8）中所述的水性纳米树脂乳液为纳米聚氨酯乳液、纳米级硅丙乳液、有机硅改性丙烯酸酯纳米聚合物乳液中的一种，固含量范围为20-30%。
步骤（8）中所述的压力为0.5-2MPa。
步骤（8）中所述的真空干燥温度为50-80℃。
步骤（9）中所述的氨基硅油乳液的固含量为15-20%。
本发明将篾丝经碱化、乙酰化、注入树脂、表面处理等步骤，对竹纤维的结构进行一定的改变，通过加压浸渍的方法引入纳米量级的树脂微球，高效的将树脂与竹纤维的特性相结合，实现了竹丝与树脂的一体化成型，改善了传统方法制备的竹塑材料韧性不足的缺点，可直接作为竹编材料，制得的材料柔韧光滑，更易造型，抗腐蚀性及耐水性均得到提高，提高了竹编制品的附加值。
具体实施方式
一种用于竹编的竹材/树脂一体化材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）选用两年以上的青壮竹子，根据用材长短的需要，截取竹段，锯截要平直，避免损裂；
（2）将竹段中的竹节突出处用刀刮平；
（3）将竹段纵劈成竹条，然后将大条劈成厚薄均匀的小条；
（4）将竹条表面青色胶质层刮掉，留下竹黄条备用；
（5）将竹黄条劈篾、劈丝，加工成厚度为1mm、宽度为1mm的篾丝；
（6）将篾丝浸没于浓度为0.5%的氢氧化钠溶液中蒸煮0.5h后取出，浸入40℃水中浸泡2h，处理结束后捞出篾丝，干燥至含水量5%；
（7）将干燥处理后的篾丝投入温度80℃的乙酰化流体中，两者的体积比为1:10，搅拌均匀后密闭加压至0.45MPa，反应1h，反应结束后卸压，待体系冷却至室温后取出篾丝，经水洗、干燥后得乙酰化篾丝；
（8）将乙酰化篾丝投入水性纳米树脂乳液中，密闭加压至0.5MPa,浸渍处理1h后出料，水洗1次后送入真空干燥室在50℃下干燥处理2h；
（9）干燥后的篾丝表面均匀喷涂固含量为15%的氨基硅油乳液，喷涂完毕后自然干燥至含水量≤5%，即得所述竹编材料。
其中步骤（7）中的乙酰化流体为乙酸酐与冰醋酸按照90:10的质量比配制而成。
其中步骤（8）中的水性纳米树脂乳液为纳米聚氨酯乳液，固含量为20%。

Claims (7)

1.一种用于竹编的竹材/树脂一体化材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）选用两年以上的青壮竹子，根据用材长短的需要，截取竹段，锯截要平直，避免损裂；
（2）将竹段中的竹节突出处用刀刮平；
（3）将竹段纵劈成竹条，然后将大条劈成厚薄均匀的小条；
（4）将竹条表面青色胶质层刮掉，留下竹黄条备用；
（5）将竹黄条劈篾、劈丝，加工成厚度为1-2mm、宽度为1-5mm的篾丝；
（6）将篾丝浸没于浓度为0.5-5%的氢氧化钠溶液中蒸煮0.5-5h后取出，浸入40-50℃水中浸泡2-10h，处理结束后捞出篾丝，干燥至含水量5-20%；
（7）将干燥处理后的篾丝投入温度80-100℃的乙酰化流体中，两者的体积比为1:10-50，搅拌均匀后密闭加压反应1-3h，反应结束后卸压，待体系冷却至室温后取出篾丝，经水洗、干燥后得乙酰化篾丝；
（8）将乙酰化篾丝投入水性纳米树脂乳液中，密闭加压浸渍处理1-5h后出料，水洗1-2次后送入真空干燥室干燥处理2-10h；
（9）干燥后的篾丝表面均匀喷涂氨基硅油乳液，喷涂完毕后自然干燥至含水量≤5%，即得所述竹编材料。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种用于竹编的竹材/树脂一体化材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（7）中所述的乙酰化流体为乙酸酐与冰醋酸按照90:10的质量比配制而成。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种用于竹编的竹材/树脂一体化材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（7）中所述的压力为0.45-0.70MPa。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种用于竹编的竹材/树脂一体化材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（8）中所述的水性纳米树脂乳液为纳米聚氨酯乳液、纳米级硅丙乳液、有机硅改性丙烯酸酯纳米聚合物乳液中的一种，固含量范围为20-30%。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种用于竹编的竹材/树脂一体化材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（8）中所述的压力为0.5-2MPa。
6.如权利要求1所述的一种用于竹编的竹材/树脂一体化材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（8）中所述的真空干燥温度为50-80℃。
7.如权利要求1所述的一种用于竹编的竹材/树脂一体化材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤（9）中所述的氨基硅油乳液的固含量为15-20%。
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