CN107503123A - 一种高品质阻燃剂 - Google Patents

一种高品质阻燃剂 Download PDF

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CN107503123A
CN107503123A CN201710806514.XA CN201710806514A CN107503123A CN 107503123 A CN107503123 A CN 107503123A CN 201710806514 A CN201710806514 A CN 201710806514A CN 107503123 A CN107503123 A CN 107503123A
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fire retardant
titanium dioxide
quality fire
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程聚光
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Xuancheng City Trooyawn Refined Chemical Industry Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种高品质阻燃剂，由下列物质制成：硅酸钠、氢氧化铝、偏硼酸钠、聚磷酸铵、磷酸三苯酯、二丙烯酸乙二醇酯、改性二氧化钛、钼酸铵、硼酸锌。本发明最终制得的阻燃剂具有很强的阻燃、抑烟效果，同时能有效的改善纤维材料的加工特性和力学使用性能，具有很好的推广使用价值。

Description

一种高品质阻燃剂
技术领域
本发明涉及一种阻燃剂，具体涉及一种高品质阻燃剂。
背景技术
随着社会的发展和生活水平的提高，纺织品的使用范围和消费量不断增加。因纺织品着火引起的火灾也不断增加，造成生命及财产损失。所以，提高纺织品的阻燃性能十分必要。
纤维织物用的阻燃剂主要有卤系（包括溴系和氯系）、磷系、氮系和硅系。含卤素阻燃剂阻燃效果显著，但由于卤系阻燃剂对环境的破坏，其应用受到限制。而仅含单一组分的磷系、氮系和硅系阻燃剂阻燃性能并不理想，难以满足应用的需求。含硅、磷、氮的阻燃剂，高效、低毒、环境友好。当含硅、磷、氮的阻燃剂使用时，高温下，氮受热分解后放出不燃性气体，起到稀释可燃气体和带走大量热的作用，从而降低聚合物的表面温度，抑制燃烧。磷由于其凝固相阻燃机理及部分气相阻燃机理，在阻燃过程中不仅能降低材料的热释放速率，提高阻燃效果，还会分解成焦磷酸或多磷酸，促进成炭。而硅可增加这些炭层的稳定性，并且有一定的抑烟作用。由此可见，含硅、磷、氮的无机阻燃剂具有重要的应用价值。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的问题，提供了一种高品质阻燃剂。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种高品质阻燃剂，由如下重量份的物质制成：
180~200份硅酸钠、5~8份氢氧化铝、3~6份偏硼酸钠、4~7份聚磷酸铵、2~4份磷酸三苯酯、1~3份二丙烯酸乙二醇酯、8~10份改性二氧化钛、1~2份钼酸铵、2~5份硼酸锌。
优选的，由如下重量份的物质制成：
190份硅酸钠、7份氢氧化铝、5份偏硼酸钠、6份聚磷酸铵、3份磷酸三苯酯、2份二丙烯酸乙二醇酯、9份改性二氧化钛、1.5份钼酸铵、4份硼酸锌。
进一步的，所述改性二氧化钛的制备方法包括如下步骤：
（1）将二氧化钛先放入到盐酸溶液中浸泡处理20~25min，完成后取出用去离子水冲洗干净后备用；
（2）将步骤（1）处理后的二氧化钛放入到改性液中，加热保持改性液的温度为55~60℃，并向改性液中持续的通入氮气，处理50~55min后将二氧化钛滤出，最后进行干燥处理后即可；所述的改性液中各成分及其对应重量份为：7~10份硅烷偶联剂、2~4份乙酸、3~5份甲基丙烯酸、1~2份聚乙二醇、1.5~2.5份聚异丁烯酸、5~8份矿物油、4~6份十二烷基苯磺酸钠、90~100份水。改性后的二氧化钛表面活性好，填充分散性好，不易团聚、凝结，对纤维力学性能的改善效果更好。
进一步的，所述二氧化钛的颗粒大小为1~40μm。
进一步的，步骤（1）中所述的盐酸溶液中盐酸的质量分数为7~9%。
进一步的，步骤（2）中所述的干燥处理的温度为80~85℃。
进一步的，步骤（2）中所述的硅烷偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂kh550、硅烷偶联剂kh560、硅烷偶联剂kh570中的任意一种。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点：
本发明阻燃剂以多种原料成分共同复配而成，其中阻燃剂的磷能促进碳层的形成，硅酸钠因分解而生成SiO2层，防止纤维裂解的可燃性气体向外扩散，氢氧化铝吸热分解降解了纤维基体的温度，而上述成分共同形成的保护层在高温和热冲击的情况下易被破坏，造成对纤维的附着保护能力降低，对此本发明添加了特殊改性的二氧化钛成分，二氧化钛本身具有良好的耐温耐磨性，添加于纤维中能有效的改善其力学特性等，经过改性后的二氧化钛表面接枝了由聚异丁烯酸等构成的枝状结构，在高温条件下，此改性后的二氧化钛通过此枝状结构与硅酸钠形成的SiO2层、含磷成分促进形成的碳层共同结合，形成了一更为复杂致密的立体保护层，有效阻止了氧气的进入，避免了纤维的继续燃烧，增强了纤维的阻燃特性。在各成分的共同配合作用下，本发明最终制得的阻燃剂具有很强的阻燃、抑烟效果，同时能有效的改善纤维材料的加工特性和力学使用性能，具有很好的推广使用价值。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种高品质阻燃剂，由如下重量份的物质制成：
180份硅酸钠、5份氢氧化铝、3份偏硼酸钠、4份聚磷酸铵、2份磷酸三苯酯、1份二丙烯酸乙二醇酯、8份改性二氧化钛、1份钼酸铵、2份硼酸锌。
进一步的，所述改性二氧化钛的制备方法包括如下步骤：
（1）将二氧化钛先放入到盐酸溶液中浸泡处理20min，完成后取出用去离子水冲洗干净后备用；
（2）将步骤（1）处理后的二氧化钛放入到改性液中，加热保持改性液的温度为55℃，并向改性液中持续的通入氮气，处理50min后将二氧化钛滤出，最后进行干燥处理后即可；所述的改性液中各成分及其对应重量份为：7份硅烷偶联剂、2份乙酸、3份甲基丙烯酸、1份聚乙二醇、1.5份聚异丁烯酸、5份矿物油、4份十二烷基苯磺酸钠、90份水。改性后的二氧化钛表面活性好，填充分散性好，不易团聚、凝结，对纤维力学性能的改善效果更好。
进一步的，所述二氧化钛的颗粒大小为1~40μm。
进一步的，步骤（1）中所述的盐酸溶液中盐酸的质量分数为7%。
进一步的，步骤（2）中所述的干燥处理的温度为80℃。
进一步的，步骤（2）中所述的硅烷偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂kh550。
实施例2
一种高品质阻燃剂，由如下重量份的物质制成：
190份硅酸钠、7份氢氧化铝、5份偏硼酸钠、6份聚磷酸铵、3份磷酸三苯酯、2份二丙烯酸乙二醇酯、9份改性二氧化钛、1.5份钼酸铵、4份硼酸锌。
进一步的，所述改性二氧化钛的制备方法包括如下步骤：
（1）将二氧化钛先放入到盐酸溶液中浸泡处理23min，完成后取出用去离子水冲洗干净后备用；
（2）将步骤（1）处理后的二氧化钛放入到改性液中，加热保持改性液的温度为58℃，并向改性液中持续的通入氮气，处理52min后将二氧化钛滤出，最后进行干燥处理后即可；所述的改性液中各成分及其对应重量份为：8份硅烷偶联剂、3份乙酸、4份甲基丙烯酸、1.5份聚乙二醇、2份聚异丁烯酸、7份矿物油、5份十二烷基苯磺酸钠、95份水。改性后的二氧化钛表面活性好，填充分散性好，不易团聚、凝结，对纤维力学性能的改善效果更好。
进一步的，所述二氧化钛的颗粒大小为1~40μm。
进一步的，步骤（1）中所述的盐酸溶液中盐酸的质量分数为8%。
进一步的，步骤（2）中所述的干燥处理的温度为83℃。
进一步的，步骤（2）中所述的硅烷偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂kh560。
实施例3
一种高品质阻燃剂，由如下重量份的物质制成：
200份硅酸钠、8份氢氧化铝、6份偏硼酸钠、7份聚磷酸铵、4份磷酸三苯酯、3份二丙烯酸乙二醇酯、10份改性二氧化钛、2份钼酸铵、5份硼酸锌。
进一步的，所述改性二氧化钛的制备方法包括如下步骤：
（1）将二氧化钛先放入到盐酸溶液中浸泡处理25min，完成后取出用去离子水冲洗干净后备用；
（2）将步骤（1）处理后的二氧化钛放入到改性液中，加热保持改性液的温度为60℃，并向改性液中持续的通入氮气，处理55min后将二氧化钛滤出，最后进行干燥处理后即可；所述的改性液中各成分及其对应重量份为：10份硅烷偶联剂、4份乙酸、5份甲基丙烯酸、2份聚乙二醇、2.5份聚异丁烯酸、8份矿物油、6份十二烷基苯磺酸钠、100份水。改性后的二氧化钛表面活性好，填充分散性好，不易团聚、凝结，对纤维力学性能的改善效果更好。
进一步的，所述二氧化钛的颗粒大小为1~40μm。
进一步的，步骤（1）中所述的盐酸溶液中盐酸的质量分数为9%。
进一步的，步骤（2）中所述的干燥处理的温度为85℃。
进一步的，步骤（2）中所述的硅烷偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂kh570。
对比实施例1
本对比实施例1与实施例2相比，用等质量份的普通市售二氧化钛取代改性二氧化钛，除此外的方法步骤均相同。
对比实施例2
本对比实施例2与实施例2相比，省去改性二氧化钛成分，除此外的方法步骤均相同。
对照组
现有市售的纺织纤维用硅基阻燃剂。
为了对比本发明效果，将上述实施例2、对比实施例1、对比实施例2、对照组所对应的阻燃剂添加于胶黏纤维织物中，按相同的工艺进行加工处理，最后对各组制得的纤维织物进行性能测试，具体对比数据如下表1所示：
表1
干断裂强度（cN/dtex） 极限氧指数（%）
实施例2 2.61 35.7
对比实施例1 2.44 32.3
对比实施例2 2.30 30.8
对照组 2.26 30.4
由上表1可以看出，本发明方法制得的阻燃剂能有效的提升织物纤维的阻燃特性，同时又能改善其力学使用性能，综合品质较好，使用价值较高。

Claims (7)

1.一种高品质阻燃剂，其特征在于，由如下重量份的物质制成：
180~200份硅酸钠、5~8份氢氧化铝、3~6份偏硼酸钠、4~7份聚磷酸铵、2~4份磷酸三苯酯、1~3份二丙烯酸乙二醇酯、8~10份改性二氧化钛、1~2份钼酸铵、2~5份硼酸锌。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高品质阻燃剂，其特征在于，由如下重量份的物质制成：
190份硅酸钠、7份氢氧化铝、5份偏硼酸钠、6份聚磷酸铵、3份磷酸三苯酯、2份二丙烯酸乙二醇酯、9份改性二氧化钛、1.5份钼酸铵、4份硼酸锌。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的一种高品质阻燃剂，其特征在于，所述改性二氧化钛的制备方法包括如下步骤：
（1）将二氧化钛先放入到盐酸溶液中浸泡处理20~25min，完成后取出用去离子水冲洗干净后备用；
（2）将步骤（1）处理后的二氧化钛放入到改性液中，加热保持改性液的温度为55~60℃，并向改性液中持续的通入氮气，处理50~55min后将二氧化钛滤出，最后进行干燥处理后即可；所述的改性液中各成分及其对应重量份为：7~10份硅烷偶联剂、2~4份乙酸、3~5份甲基丙烯酸、1~2份聚乙二醇、1.5~2.5份聚异丁烯酸、5~8份矿物油、4~6份十二烷基苯磺酸钠、90~100份水。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种高品质阻燃剂，其特征在于，所述二氧化钛的颗粒大小为1~40μm。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种高品质阻燃剂，其特征在于，步骤（1）中所述的盐酸溶液中盐酸的质量分数为7~9%。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种高品质阻燃剂，其特征在于，步骤（2）中所述的干燥处理的温度为80~85℃。
7.根据权利要求3所述的一种高品质阻燃剂，其特征在于，步骤（2）中所述的硅烷偶联剂为硅烷偶联剂kh550、硅烷偶联剂kh560、硅烷偶联剂kh570中的任意一种。
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Application publication date: 20171222