CN107500729A - 一种用于制备模具的陶瓷及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种用于制备模具的陶瓷及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于制备模具的陶瓷,由以下原料按照重量份组成:高岭土42‑55份、重晶石10‑16份、硅藻土12‑18份、金属铝粉2‑5份、氧化物8‑20份、碳化硅晶须1.5‑3份、竹纤维3‑6份、聚芳烷基酚树脂15‑20份、佛手瓜2‑4份、金属钼粉4‑8份、紫砂泥4‑9份、聚乙烯醇3‑6份、丁戊醇2‑6份和有机溶胶5‑8份。本发明还公布了该陶瓷的制备方法。本发明制备的成品,在佛手瓜浓缩液、氧化物、金属粉和基体的配合作用下,基体中添加了碳化硅晶须、竹纤维和紫砂泥,制备的成品不仅具有良好的韧性和耐磨性,而且成品的晶体致密,提高了成品的综合性能,使用寿命长。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种陶瓷材料,具体是一种用于制备模具的陶瓷。
背景技术
模具是工业生产上用以注塑、吹塑、挤出、压铸或锻压成型、冶炼、冲压等方法得到所需产品的各种模子和工具。简而言之,模具是用来制作成型物品的工具,这种工具由 各种零件构成,不同的模具由不同的零件构成。它主要通过所成型材料物理状态的改变来 实现物品外形的加工,素有“工业之母”的称号。模具生产的发展水平是机械制造水平的 重要标志之一。
陶瓷最初是用陶土和瓷土这两种不同性质的粘土为原料,经过配料、成型、干燥、焙 烧等工艺流程制成的器物,是人们生活中常见的一种器具。随着近代科学技术的发展,近 百年来又出现了许多新的陶瓷品种。近年来人们利用陶瓷制作模具,现有模具陶瓷的韧性 虽然有所提高,但是还达不到人们的预期,而且模具陶瓷的耐磨性差,使用寿命短,这就为人们进行模具制造带来了困难。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种用于制备模具的陶瓷,以解决上述背景技术中提出的问 题。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种用于制备模具的陶瓷,由以下原料按照重量份组成:高岭土42-55份、重晶石10-16 份、硅藻土12-18份、金属铝粉2-5份、氧化物8-20份、碳化硅晶须1.5-3份、竹纤维 3-6份、聚芳烷基酚树脂15-20份、佛手瓜2-4份、金属钼粉4-8份、紫砂泥4-9份、聚 乙烯醇3-6份、丁戊醇2-6份和有机溶胶5-8份。
作为本发明进一步的方案:氧化物采用氧化镁、氧化铝、氧化钙、氧化锆和氧化钇中 的一种或者几种的混合物。
作为本发明进一步的方案:碳化硅晶须的长度为0.5mm-2.5mm,有机溶胶采用水溶性 有机溶胶。
所述用于制备模具的陶瓷的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
步骤一,将高岭土、重晶石、硅藻土、碳化硅晶须、竹纤维、聚芳烷基酚树脂和紫砂泥球磨至颗粒为12-28nm,再混合搅拌均匀并且在1250-1400摄氏度和真空条件下烧结, 烧结后随炉冷却,得到半成品;
步骤二,将聚乙烯醇、丁戊醇和有机溶胶混合并且加入适量的水,得到水溶胶,将半 成品浸泡在水溶胶中并且采用超声波振荡搅拌,超声波的输出功率为150-200W,超声波振荡搅拌的时间为2-4小时,将超声波震荡搅拌后的半成品在阴凉环境下自然风干;
步骤三,将佛手瓜切成长条,将长条加入其重量3-5倍的水中煎煮2-4次,每次文火煮沸并且保持微沸45-70分钟,过滤,合并滤液,减压浓缩至相对密度为1.12-1.2,得到 佛手瓜浓缩液;
步骤四,将半成品粉碎并且加入金属铝粉、氧化物、金属钼粉和佛手瓜浓缩液,混合 搅拌均匀后采用5-10摄氏度/分钟的速度升温至420-530摄氏度并且保温2-4小时,然后迅速升温至1300-1450摄氏度并且保温12-18小时,然后冷却成型,即可得到成品。
作为本发明进一步的方案:步骤一中的真空度为10-2Pa-5Pa,步骤四中半成品粉碎至 0.8-1.5mm。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:本发明制备的成品,在佛手瓜浓缩液、氧化 物、金属粉和基体的配合作用下,基体中添加了碳化硅晶须、竹纤维和紫砂泥,制备的成品不仅具有良好的韧性和耐磨性,而且成品的晶体致密,提高了成品的综合性能,使用寿命长。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施方式对本专利的技术方案作进一步详细地说明。
实施例1
一种用于制备模具的陶瓷,由以下原料按照重量份组成:高岭土42份、重晶石10份、 硅藻土12份、金属铝粉2份、氧化物8份、碳化硅晶须1.5份、竹纤维3份、聚芳烷基 酚树脂15份、佛手瓜2份、金属钼粉4份、紫砂泥4份、聚乙烯醇3份、丁戊醇2份和 有机溶胶5份。氧化物采用氧化镁、氧化铝和氧化钙的混合物。
所述用于制备模具的陶瓷的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
步骤一,将高岭土、重晶石、硅藻土、碳化硅晶须、竹纤维、聚芳烷基酚树脂和紫砂泥球磨至颗粒为15nm,再混合搅拌均匀并且在1280摄氏度和真空条件下烧结,烧结后随 炉冷却,得到半成品;
步骤二,将聚乙烯醇、丁戊醇和有机溶胶混合并且加入适量的水,得到水溶胶,将半 成品浸泡在水溶胶中并且采用超声波振荡搅拌,超声波的输出功率为175W,超声波振荡搅拌的时间为3小时,将超声波震荡搅拌后的半成品在阴凉环境下自然风干;
步骤三,将佛手瓜切成长条,将长条加入其重量4倍的水中煎煮2次,每次文火煮沸并且保持微沸50分钟,过滤,合并滤液,减压浓缩至相对密度为1.16,得到佛手瓜浓缩 液;
步骤四,将半成品粉碎并且加入金属铝粉、氧化物、金属钼粉和佛手瓜浓缩液,混合 搅拌均匀后采用6摄氏度/分钟的速度升温至420摄氏度并且保温4小时,然后迅速升温至1350摄氏度并且保温14小时,然后冷却成型,即可得到成品。
实施例2
一种用于制备模具的陶瓷,由以下原料按照重量份组成:高岭土46份、重晶石12份、 硅藻土15份、金属铝粉3份、氧化物13份、碳化硅晶须2份、竹纤维4份、聚芳烷基酚 树脂17份、佛手瓜3份、金属钼粉6份、紫砂泥6份、聚乙烯醇4份、丁戊醇3.5份和 有机溶胶6份。碳化硅晶须的长度为1mm,有机溶胶采用水溶性有机溶胶。
所述用于制备模具的陶瓷的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
步骤一,将高岭土、重晶石、硅藻土、碳化硅晶须、竹纤维、聚芳烷基酚树脂和紫砂泥球磨至颗粒为18nm,再混合搅拌均匀并且在1320摄氏度和真空度为0.5Pa的条件下烧结,烧结后随炉冷却,得到半成品;
步骤二,将聚乙烯醇、丁戊醇和有机溶胶混合并且加入适量的水,得到水溶胶,将半 成品浸泡在水溶胶中并且采用超声波振荡搅拌,超声波的输出功率为190W,超声波振荡搅拌的时间为2小时,将超声波震荡搅拌后的半成品在阴凉环境下自然风干;
步骤三,将佛手瓜切成长条,将长条加入其重量5倍的水中煎煮4次,每次文火煮沸并且保持微沸60分钟,过滤,合并滤液,减压浓缩至相对密度为1.15,得到佛手瓜浓缩 液;
步骤四,将半成品粉碎至1mm并且加入金属铝粉、氧化物、金属钼粉和佛手瓜浓缩液, 混合搅拌均匀后采用10摄氏度/分钟的速度升温至470摄氏度并且保温3小时,然后迅速 升温至1370摄氏度并且保温16小时,然后冷却成型,即可得到成品。
实施例3
一种用于制备模具的陶瓷,由以下原料按照重量份组成:高岭土51份、重晶石15份、 硅藻土17份、金属铝粉4份、氧化物18份、碳化硅晶须2.5份、竹纤维5份、聚芳烷基 酚树脂19份、佛手瓜3.5份、金属钼粉7份、紫砂泥8份、聚乙烯醇5份、丁戊醇4.5 份和有机溶胶7份。氧化物采用氧化镁、氧化锆和氧化钇的混合物。碳化硅晶须的长度为 1.6mm,有机溶胶采用水溶性有机溶胶。
所述用于制备模具的陶瓷的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
步骤一,将高岭土、重晶石、硅藻土、碳化硅晶须、竹纤维、聚芳烷基酚树脂和紫砂泥球磨至颗粒为24nm,再混合搅拌均匀并且在1375摄氏度和真空条件下烧结,烧结后随 炉冷却,得到半成品;
步骤二,将聚乙烯醇、丁戊醇和有机溶胶混合并且加入适量的水,得到水溶胶,将半 成品浸泡在水溶胶中并且采用超声波振荡搅拌,超声波的输出功率为200W,超声波振荡搅 拌的时间为3小时,将超声波震荡搅拌后的半成品在阴凉环境下自然风干;
步骤三,将佛手瓜切成长条,将长条加入其重量5倍的水中煎煮3次,每次文火煮沸并且保持微沸70分钟,过滤,合并滤液,减压浓缩至相对密度为1.2,得到佛手瓜浓缩液;
步骤四,将半成品粉碎并且加入金属铝粉、氧化物、金属钼粉和佛手瓜浓缩液,混合 搅拌均匀后采用8摄氏度/分钟的速度升温至480摄氏度并且保温3小时,然后迅速升温至1400摄氏度并且保温16小时,然后冷却成型,即可得到成品。
实施例4
一种用于制备模具的陶瓷,由以下原料按照重量份组成:高岭土55份、重晶石16份、 硅藻土18份、金属铝粉5份、氧化物20份、碳化硅晶须3份、竹纤维6份、聚芳烷基酚 树脂20份、佛手瓜4份、金属钼粉8份、紫砂泥9份、聚乙烯醇6份、丁戊醇6份和有 机溶胶8份。氧化物采用氧化镁、氧化铝、氧化钙、氧化锆和氧化钇的混合物。碳化硅晶 须的长度为2.4mm,有机溶胶采用水溶性有机溶胶。
所述用于制备模具的陶瓷的制备方法,具体步骤如下:
步骤一,将高岭土、重晶石、硅藻土、碳化硅晶须、竹纤维、聚芳烷基酚树脂和紫砂泥球磨至颗粒为21nm,再混合搅拌均匀并且在1400摄氏度和真空度为5*10-2Pa条件下烧结,烧结后随炉冷却,得到半成品;
步骤二,将聚乙烯醇、丁戊醇和有机溶胶混合并且加入适量的水,得到水溶胶,将半 成品浸泡在水溶胶中并且采用超声波振荡搅拌,超声波的输出功率为180W,超声波振荡搅拌的时间为3小时,将超声波震荡搅拌后的半成品在阴凉环境下自然风干;
步骤三,将佛手瓜切成长条,将长条加入其重量4倍的水中煎煮4次,每次文火煮沸并且保持微沸70分钟,过滤,合并滤液,减压浓缩至相对密度为1.2,得到佛手瓜浓缩液;
步骤四,将半成品粉碎至1mm并且加入金属铝粉、氧化物、金属钼粉和佛手瓜浓缩液, 混合搅拌均匀后采用9摄氏度/分钟的速度升温至450摄氏度并且保温3小时,然后迅速升温至1420摄氏度并且保温18小时,然后冷却成型,即可得到成品。
碳化硅晶须具有优良的机械性能、耐热性、耐用腐蚀性以及抗高温氧化性能,与基质 材料具有良好的相容性,是主要的增韧剂之一;高岭土、重晶石、硅藻土、碳化硅晶须、竹纤维、聚芳烷基酚树脂和紫砂泥球磨成基体,竹纤维具有良好的透气性和耐磨性,紫砂泥呈薄层状或者透镜状,紫砂泥与其他原料配合制作的基体强度高,佛手瓜浓缩液配合氧化物和金属粉与基体进行烧结,佛手瓜浓缩液、氧化物和金属粉进入基体的孔隙中,烧结制备的成品晶体更加致密,提高了成品的各方面综合性能。
对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背 离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从 哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权 利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有 变化囊括在本发明内。
此外,应当理解,虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述,但并非每个实施方式仅包含 一个独立的技术方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将 说明书作为一个整体,各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可 以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (5)
1.一种用于制备模具的陶瓷,其特征在于,由以下原料按照重量份组成:高岭土42-55份、重晶石10-16份、硅藻土12-18份、金属铝粉2-5份、氧化物8-20份、碳化硅晶须1.5-3份、竹纤维3-6份、聚芳烷基酚树脂15-20份、佛手瓜2-4份、金属钼粉4-8份、紫砂泥4-9份、聚乙烯醇3-6份、丁戊醇2-6份和有机溶胶5-8份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于制备模具的陶瓷,其特征在于,所述氧化物采用氧化镁、氧化铝、氧化钙、氧化锆和氧化钇中的一种或者几种的混合物。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的用于制备模具的陶瓷,其特征在于,所述碳化硅晶须的长度为0.5mm-2.5mm,有机溶胶采用水溶性有机溶胶。
4.一种如权利要求1-3任一所述的用于制备模具的陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,具体步骤如下:
步骤一,将高岭土、重晶石、硅藻土、碳化硅晶须、竹纤维、聚芳烷基酚树脂和紫砂泥球磨至颗粒为12-28nm,再混合搅拌均匀并且在1250-1400摄氏度和真空条件下烧结,烧结后随炉冷却,得到半成品;
步骤二,将聚乙烯醇、丁戊醇和有机溶胶混合并且加入适量的水,得到水溶胶,将半成品浸泡在水溶胶中并且采用超声波振荡搅拌,超声波的输出功率为150-200W,超声波振荡搅拌的时间为2-4小时,将超声波震荡搅拌后的半成品在阴凉环境下自然风干;
步骤三,将佛手瓜切成长条,将长条加入其重量3-5倍的水中煎煮2-4次,每次文火煮沸并且保持微沸45-70分钟,过滤,合并滤液,减压浓缩至相对密度为1.12-1.2,得到佛手瓜浓缩液;
步骤四,将半成品粉碎并且加入金属铝粉、氧化物、金属钼粉和佛手瓜浓缩液,混合搅拌均匀后采用5-10摄氏度/分钟的速度升温至420-530摄氏度并且保温2-4小时,然后迅速升温至1300-1450摄氏度并且保温12-18小时,然后冷却成型,即可得到成品。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用于制备模具的陶瓷的制备方法,其特征在于,所述碳化硅晶须的长度为0.5mm-2.5mm,有机溶胶采用水溶性有机溶胶。
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CN108863300A (zh) * | 2018-07-25 | 2018-11-23 | 福建省德化汇远陶瓷有限公司 | 一种抗震耐摔日用陶瓷及其制备方法 |
CN109437845B (zh) * | 2018-12-25 | 2021-06-01 | 佛山科学技术学院 | 一种防滑耐磨陶瓷及其制备方法 |
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