CN107494911B - Method for breeding animals by using antibiotic-free feed containing astragalus stem, leaf and flower - Google Patents
Method for breeding animals by using antibiotic-free feed containing astragalus stem, leaf and flower Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an antibiotic reducing feed containing astragalus or astragalus stem, leaf and flower and a method for culturing edible animals without using antibiotics. The preparation method of the resistance reducing feed containing astragalus root stems, leaves and flowers comprises the following steps: (1) preprocessing astragalus stem, leaf and flower; (2) preparing mixed bacterial liquid; (3) fermenting; (4) and (3) mixing materials. The method for culturing edible animals does not use antibiotics, and the adopted anti-bacterial feed containing the astragalus or the astragalus stem leaves and flowers can improve the production performance and the disease resistance of the edible animals, improve the utilization rate of the feed and increase the culture benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of cultivation, in particular to an antibiotic-reducing feed containing astragalus or astragalus stem, leaf and flower and a method for cultivating edible animals without using antibiotics.
Background
The proportion of meat and eggs consumed by residents in China is getting larger and larger, and the demand is continuously and rapidly increased. The enormous consumer demand stimulates the development of the breeding industry, but at the same time also brings challenges. In order to improve the production efficiency and maintain the health of animals, antibiotics with lower than therapeutic dose are added into the feed As Growth Promoters (AGPs), however, along with the use of the antibiotics, the drug resistance of bacteria in the animal body is found to increase, and the drug resistance genes of the bacteria are transferred to people, thereby harming the health of the people. Therefore, the european union announced that the use of antibiotics as growth promoters was prohibited, and the use of antibiotics as growth promoters was started in 1 month 2006, and the us program prohibited the addition of preventive antibiotics to livestock feeds for 3 years from 2014, and the chinese ministry of agriculture also started to strictly manage the use of antibiotics in feeds. However, the amount of therapeutic antibiotics used increases significantly after the AGPs are disabled. It is therefore useful to find substances which enhance the natural defence functions of animals, in order to avoid the extensive use of antibiotics.
In order to ensure the healthy development of animal husbandry, people begin to seek a new technology and a new product for substitution. The antibiotic reducing feed containing astragalus or astragalus stem, leaf and flower is undoubtedly the best choice as a novel ecological health type feed. The feed raw materials are subjected to fermentation treatment by microorganisms, a series of biochemical reactions are carried out in nutrient substances of the feed raw materials, macromolecular organic matters in the feed raw materials are degraded into micromolecular substances which are digested and absorbed to a certain extent, the flavor is changed, the ingestion rate of the feed is improved, and the deep production and processing effects which cannot be achieved by feed machinery are achieved.
Radix astragali is the dried root of Astragalus membranaceus bge of Leguminosae, and is mainly produced in inner Mongolia, Shanxi, Gansu, Heilongjiang, etc. Collected in spring and autumn, removed fibrous root and head, dried in the sun, unprocessed or stir-baked with honey. It is a commonly used qi-tonifying herb from Shen nong Ben Cao Jing. Sweet in nature and slightly warm. It enters lung and spleen meridians. The effective components are polysaccharides, flavonoids, saponins, amino acids, trace elements, etc., and have the effects of invigorating qi, invigorating yang, benefiting wei and protecting exterior, promoting water retention and detumescence of maifanite, and promoting granulation. The astragalus has good effects of improving the immunity of animal organisms, resisting bacteria and viruses, improving the production performance of animals, improving the quality of animal products and the like, and has the characteristics of low residue and no drug resistance, so that the astragalus has good application prospect in animal production.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of providing a method for breeding edible animals by using the anti-attenuation feed containing astragalus or astragalus stem, leaf and flower, which does not use antibiotics and can improve the production performance and disease resistance of the edible animals.
The invention provides a method for breeding edible animals by using an anti-attenuation feed containing astragalus or astragalus stem and leaf flowers.
The preparation method of the resistance reducing feed containing astragalus root stems, leaves and flowers comprises the following steps:
(1) preprocessing astragalus stem, leaf and flower: collecting fresh stem, leaf and flower of radix astragali, drying in a drying oven at 40-60 deg.C for 18-24 hr, and pulverizing into 60-100 mesh powder to obtain stem, leaf and flower powder of radix astragali;
(2) preparing mixed bacterial liquid: deionized water, mixed bacteria and a fermentation promoter are mixed according to the mass ratio of 100: (0.1-0.5): (0.5-1.5), stirring for 8-12 minutes at 60-100 rpm to obtain mixed bacterial liquid;
(3) fermentation: weighing 5-10 parts of astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf pollen, 25-35 parts of corn, 10-20 parts of bran, 25-35 parts of peanut meal, 10-20 parts of rice bran, 1-5 parts of sucrose and 0.01-0.2 part of salt according to parts by weight, uniformly mixing to obtain a fermentation raw material, spraying a mixed bacterial liquid, wherein the using amount of the mixed bacterial liquid is 5-15% of the mass of the fermentation raw material, and carrying out sealed fermentation at 25-35 ℃ for 3-5 days to obtain a fermentation product;
(4) mixing materials: and (3) mixing the fermentation product, the nutrition conditioner and the acidifier in a mass ratio of 100: (5-10): (0.01-0.1), and drying at 40-60 deg.C for 18-24 hr to obtain the feed containing stem, leaf and flower of radix astragali.
Preferably, the preparation method of the anti-bacterial feed containing astragalus root, stem, leaf and flower comprises the following steps:
(1) preprocessing astragalus stem, leaf and flower: collecting fresh stem, leaf and flower of radix astragali, drying in a drying oven at 40-60 deg.C for 18-24 hr, and pulverizing into 60-100 mesh powder to obtain stem, leaf and flower powder of radix astragali;
(2) water extraction: mixing the astragalus stem and leaf pollen and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 1: (8-12), preserving heat at 90-100 ℃ for 20-30 minutes, filtering with 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a primary filtrate, adding deionized water with the weight 3-5 times that of the astragalus stem and leaf pollen into the filter residue, preserving heat at 90-100 ℃ for 20-30 minutes, filtering with 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a secondary filtrate, combining the two filtrates, and concentrating under reduced pressure at 40-60 ℃ to 4-6 times that of the astragalus stem and leaf pollen to obtain a water extract;
(3) preparing mixed bacterial liquid: mixing water extract, mixed bacteria and a fermentation accelerator according to a mass ratio of 100: (0.1-0.5): (0.5-1.5), stirring for 8-12 minutes at 60-100 rpm to obtain mixed bacterial liquid;
(4) fermentation: weighing 5-10 parts of astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf pollen, 25-35 parts of corn, 10-20 parts of bran, 25-35 parts of peanut meal, 10-20 parts of rice bran, 1-5 parts of sucrose and 0.01-0.2 part of salt according to parts by weight, uniformly mixing to obtain a fermentation raw material, spraying a mixed bacterial liquid, wherein the using amount of the mixed bacterial liquid is 5-15% of the mass of the fermentation raw material, and carrying out sealed fermentation at 25-35 ℃ for 3-5 days to obtain a fermentation product;
(5) mixing materials: and (3) mixing the fermentation product, the nutrition conditioner and the acidifier in a mass ratio of 100: (5-10): (0.01-0.1), and drying at 40-60 deg.C for 18-24 hr to obtain the feed containing stem, leaf and flower of radix astragali.
Preferably, the preparation method of the anti-bacterial feed containing astragalus root, stem, leaf and flower comprises the following steps:
(1) preprocessing astragalus stem, leaf and flower: collecting fresh stem, leaf and flower of radix astragali, drying in a drying oven at 40-60 deg.C for 18-24 hr, and pulverizing into 60-100 mesh powder to obtain stem, leaf and flower powder of radix astragali;
(2) water extraction: mixing astragalus stem and leaf pollen and medical stone water according to a mass ratio of 1: (8-12), preserving heat at 90-100 ℃ for 20-30 minutes, filtering with 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a primary filtrate, adding medical stone water which is 3-5 times of the weight of the astragalus stem and leaf pollen into filter residue, preserving heat at 90-100 ℃ for 20-30 minutes, filtering with 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a secondary filtrate, combining the two filtrates, and concentrating under reduced pressure at 40-60 ℃ to 4-6 times of the weight of the astragalus stem and leaf pollen to obtain a water extract;
(3) preparing mixed bacterial liquid: mixing water extract, mixed bacteria and a fermentation accelerator according to a mass ratio of 100: (0.1-0.5): (0.5-1.5), stirring for 8-12 minutes at 60-100 rpm to obtain mixed bacterial liquid;
(4) fermentation: weighing 5-10 parts of astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf pollen, 25-35 parts of corn, 10-20 parts of bran, 25-35 parts of peanut meal, 10-20 parts of rice bran, 1-5 parts of sucrose and 0.01-0.2 part of salt according to parts by weight, uniformly mixing to obtain a fermentation raw material, spraying a mixed bacterial liquid, wherein the using amount of the mixed bacterial liquid is 5-15% of the mass of the fermentation raw material, and carrying out sealed fermentation at 25-35 ℃ for 3-5 days to obtain a fermentation product;
(5) mixing materials: and (3) mixing the fermentation product, the nutrition conditioner and the acidifier in a mass ratio of 100: (5-10): (0.01-0.1), and drying at 40-60 deg.C for 18-24 hr to obtain the feed containing stem, leaf and flower of radix astragali.
The preparation method of the astragalus-containing anti-disease feed comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of astragalus: collecting fresh radix astragali, drying in a drying oven at 40-60 deg.C for 18-24 hr, and pulverizing into 60-100 mesh powder to obtain radix astragali powder;
(2) water extraction: mixing radix astragali powder and Maifanitum water at a mass ratio of 1: (8-12), preserving heat at 90-100 ℃ for 20-30 minutes, filtering by adopting 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain primary filtrate, adding medical stone water which is 3-5 times of the weight of the astragalus powder into filter residue, preserving heat at 90-100 ℃ for 20-30 minutes, filtering by adopting 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain secondary filtrate, combining the two filtrates, and concentrating under reduced pressure at 40-60 ℃ to 4-6 times of the weight of the astragalus powder to obtain water extract;
(3) preparing mixed bacterial liquid: mixing water extract, mixed bacteria and a fermentation accelerator according to a mass ratio of 100: (0.1-0.5): (0.5-1.5), stirring for 8-12 minutes at 60-100 rpm to obtain mixed bacterial liquid;
(4) fermentation: weighing 5-10 parts of astragalus powder, 25-35 parts of corn, 10-20 parts of bran, 25-35 parts of peanut meal, 10-20 parts of rice bran, 1-5 parts of sucrose and 0.01-0.2 part of salt according to parts by weight, uniformly mixing to obtain a fermentation raw material, spraying a mixed bacterial liquid, wherein the using amount of the mixed bacterial liquid is 5-15% of the mass of the fermentation raw material, and carrying out sealed fermentation at 25-35 ℃ for 3-5 days to obtain a fermentation product;
(5) mixing materials: and (3) mixing the fermentation product, the nutrition conditioner and the acidifier in a mass ratio of 100: (5-10): (0.01-0.1), and drying at 40-60 deg.C for 18-24 hr to obtain the feed containing radix astragali.
The medical stone water is prepared by the following method: mixing medical stone and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 1: (5-10), soaking at 45-55 deg.C for 40-60 min, centrifuging at 4000-.
The nutritional conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of whey powder, 25-35 parts of wheat gluten, 25-35 parts of corn flour, 5-10 parts of glucose, 4-8 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 1-3 parts of soybean oil.
The nutritional conditioner is prepared by the following method: and mixing whey powder, vital gluten, corn flour, glucose, calcium hydrophosphate and soybean oil uniformly to obtain the nutritional conditioner.
The mixed bacteria are bacillus subtilis, candida utilis and lactobacillus acidophilus according to the mass ratio (1-3): (0.1-1) and (1-2).
The acidulant is one of lactic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, fumaric acid, sorbic acid and chlorogenic acid.
Preferably, the acidulant is chlorogenic acid.
The fermentation promoter is polyglycerol fatty acid ester and/or tea polyphenol.
Preferably, the fermentation promoter is a mixture of polyglycerol fatty acid ester and tea polyphenol, and the mass ratio of the polyglycerol fatty acid ester to the tea polyphenol is (2-5): 1.
in the present invention, the edible animals include birds, livestock, and fisheries.
The poultry comprise cock (Callus domesticus), turkey (Meleagris glaopavo), guinea fowl (Numida Meleagris), pigeon (Columba livia), duck (Anas platyrhynchchusvar. domestica), and goose (Anas cygnoides).
The livestock include pig, cattle, sheep, horse, camel, rabbit, and dog.
The fishery comprises fish, shrimp, crab, soft-shelled turtle, shellfish, acanthopanax, mollusk, coelenterate, amphibian, and marine animals.
The method for breeding edible animals by using the anti-bacterial feed containing the astragalus or the astragalus stem and leaf flowers does not use antibiotics, and the adopted anti-bacterial feed containing the astragalus or the astragalus stem and leaf flowers can improve the production performance and disease resistance of poultry, improve the utilization rate of the feed and increase the breeding benefit.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples. It is to be understood, however, that these examples are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Test methods in which specific conditions are not specified in the following examples are generally carried out under conventional conditions or under conditions recommended by the manufacturer.
Bacillus subtilis, miningThe bacillus subtilis provided by China industrial microorganism strain preservation management center has the strain preservation number: CICC 10002 with viable bacteria concentration of 1011CFU/g。
The candida utilis adopts candida utilis provided by China industrial microorganism strain preservation management center, and the strain preservation number is as follows: CICC 1801, viable bacteria concentration is 1011CFU/g。
The lactobacillus acidophilus adopts lactobacillus acidophilus provided by China Industrial microorganism strain preservation management center, and the strain preservation number is as follows: CICC 20250 with viable bacteria concentration of 1011CFU/g。
The astragalus root stem and leaf flower is stem and leaf flower of astragalus mongholicus, which is collected from astragalus mongholicus planting bases in Shangdu county of North Tian Yuan Biotech limited company.
Radix astragali is prepared from radix astragali of Meng radix astragali, and is collected from radix astragali planting base of Shangdu county of North Tian Nature Biotechnology GmbH.
The medical stone is provided by Wen county Hongyu active carbon factory, and has a particle size of 100 meshes.
Corn is produced by Yuan agriculture science and technology limited in autumn of Linyi city.
Wheat bran produced by the plantation professional cooperative in Sanliwan of Wuxiang county is adopted.
Peanut meal produced by agriculture and technology limited, northwest of the province of Lingshu county.
The rice bran is produced by Sichuan Wanfeng grain and oil Co.
Common salt, i.e. sodium chloride, CAS No.: 7647-14-5 refined sea salt from salt industry of Shanghai province of Medium salt is used.
The whey powder is low-protein whey powder produced by Shandong Mingzhen Zhengzheng biological technology limited company, and has the lactose content of 65-75 percent and the crude protein content of 12 percent.
The wheat gluten is wheat gluten produced by Zhengzhou river Dabiology technologies GmbH.
The corn flour is puffed corn flour produced by a new chemical company Limited in Qinyang city.
Sucrose, CAS number: 57-50-1.
Glucose, CAS No.: 492-62-6.
Calcium hydrogen phosphate, CAS No.: 7789-77-7.
The soybean oil is first-grade soybean oil of Gongronyu.
Lactic acid, CAS No.: 50-21-5.
Citric acid, CAS No.: 77-92-9.
Tartaric acid, CAS number: 526-83-0.
Fumaric acid, CAS No.: 110-17-8.
Sorbic acid, CAS number: 110-44-1.
Chlorogenic acid, CAS No.: 327-97-9.
The polyglycerol fatty acid ester is prepared from food-grade polyglycerol fatty acid ester produced by Shandong Kensott Biotech limited.
Tea polyphenols, 84650-60-2, is food-grade tea polyphenols produced by Wuhan Baixing Biotech limited.
For the broiler chickens, 1 day-old avid chicks are adopted.
And (3) measuring the production performance: at the age of 1 day and 42 days, 40 broilers are randomly selected in each example, the broilers 12 hours after the empty belly are weighed, the initial weight and the live weight before slaughter are recorded, the daily feed intake of each example is recorded during the test period, and the feed-meat ratio is calculated.
Feed-meat ratio (total feed intake/total weight gain)
Determination of immune organ development status: the bursa of fabricius is the central immune system characteristic of birds and is the site of immune cell growth and differentiation. The spleen is an important peripheral lymph organ, can produce a large number of lymphocytes and is involved in systemic cellular immunity and humoral immunity. The increase in weight of the immune organs is a manifestation of enhanced immune function, while the decrease in weight of the immune organs is a result of immunosuppression.
The determination method comprises the following steps: before feeding in the morning of 42 th day, 5 broilers are randomly selected in each example, weighed, slaughtered by adopting an oral bleeding method, the spleen and the bursa of fabricius are taken, fat is removed, the broilers are weighed and fresh, and immune organ indexes are calculated.
Immune organ index (weight of immune organ (g)/weight of fasting live before slaughter (Kg)
Example 1
A method for breeding edible animals with the anti-decreasing feed containing radix astragali or its stem and leaf flowers comprises feeding poultry with the anti-decreasing feed containing radix astragali or its stem and leaf flowers.
Selecting 1-day-old broiler chickens, and feeding the broiler chickens with the resistance reducing feed containing astragalus stems, leaves and flowers in the whole process. Raising in cages, freely taking food and drinking water, and conventionally immunizing.
The preparation method of the resistance reducing feed containing astragalus root stems, leaves and flowers comprises the following steps:
(1) preprocessing astragalus stem, leaf and flower: collecting fresh astragalus stem, leaf and flower, placing in a drying oven at 50 ℃ for drying for 20 hours, and crushing into 80 meshes to obtain astragalus stem, leaf and flower powder;
(2) preparing mixed bacterial liquid: deionized water, mixed bacteria and a fermentation promoter are mixed according to the mass ratio of 100: 0.4: 1, mixing, and stirring for 10 minutes at 80 rpm to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid;
(3) fermentation: weighing 8 parts of astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf pollen, 30 parts of corn, 15 parts of bran, 30 parts of peanut meal, 15 parts of rice bran, 2 parts of cane sugar and 0.05 part of salt according to parts by weight, uniformly mixing to obtain a fermentation raw material, spraying a mixed bacterial liquid, wherein the using amount of the mixed bacterial liquid is 10% of the mass of the fermentation raw material, and performing sealed fermentation at 30 ℃ for 4 days to obtain a fermentation product;
(4) mixing materials: and (3) mixing the fermentation product, the nutrition conditioner and the acidifier in a mass ratio of 100: 8: 0.05, and drying at 50 ℃ for 20 hours to obtain the anti-bacterial feed containing the astragalus root, the stem, the leaf and the flower.
The nutritional conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of whey powder, 30 parts of vital gluten, 30 parts of corn flour, 7 parts of glucose, 6 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 2 parts of soybean oil. The nutritional conditioner is prepared by the following method: and mixing whey powder, vital gluten, corn flour, glucose, calcium hydrophosphate and soybean oil uniformly to obtain the nutritional conditioner.
The mixed bacteria are bacillus subtilis, candida utilis and lactobacillus acidophilus according to the mass ratio of 2: 0.5: 1.5.
The acidifying agent is lactic acid.
The fermentation promoter is polyglycerol fatty acid ester.
Example 2
A method for breeding edible animals with the anti-decreasing feed containing radix astragali or its stem and leaf flowers comprises feeding poultry with the anti-decreasing feed containing radix astragali or its stem and leaf flowers.
Selecting 1-day-old broiler chickens, and feeding the broiler chickens with the resistance reducing feed containing astragalus stems, leaves and flowers in the whole process. Raising in cages, freely taking food and drinking water, and conventionally immunizing.
The preparation method of the resistance reducing feed containing astragalus root stems, leaves and flowers comprises the following steps:
(1) preprocessing astragalus stem, leaf and flower: collecting fresh astragalus stem, leaf and flower, placing in a drying oven at 50 ℃ for drying for 20 hours, and crushing into 80 meshes to obtain astragalus stem, leaf and flower powder;
(2) water extraction: mixing the astragalus stem and leaf pollen and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 1: 10, mixing, keeping the temperature at 95 ℃ for 25 minutes, filtering by adopting 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a primary filtrate, adding deionized water with the weight 4 times that of the pollen of the astragalus membranaceus stems and leaves into filter residues, keeping the temperature at 95 ℃ for 25 minutes, filtering by adopting 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a secondary filtrate, combining the two filtrates, and performing vacuum concentration under the conditions of the pressure of 0.06MPa and the temperature of 50 ℃ until the weight is 5 times that of the pollen of the astragalus membranaceus stems and leaves to obtain a water extract;
(3) preparing mixed bacterial liquid: mixing water extract, mixed bacteria and a fermentation accelerator according to a mass ratio of 100: 0.4: 1, mixing, and stirring for 10 minutes at 80 rpm to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid;
(4) fermentation: weighing 8 parts of astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf pollen, 30 parts of corn, 15 parts of bran, 30 parts of peanut meal, 15 parts of rice bran, 2 parts of cane sugar and 0.05 part of salt according to parts by weight, uniformly mixing to obtain a fermentation raw material, spraying a mixed bacterial liquid, wherein the using amount of the mixed bacterial liquid is 10% of the mass of the fermentation raw material, and performing sealed fermentation at 30 ℃ for 4 days to obtain a fermentation product;
(5) and (3) mixing the fermentation product, the nutrition conditioner and the acidifier in a mass ratio of 100: 8: 0.05, and drying at 50 ℃ for 20 hours to obtain the anti-bacterial feed containing the astragalus root, the stem, the leaf and the flower.
The nutritional conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of whey powder, 30 parts of vital gluten, 30 parts of corn flour, 7 parts of glucose, 6 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 2 parts of soybean oil. The nutritional conditioner is prepared by the following method: and mixing whey powder, vital gluten, corn flour, glucose, calcium hydrophosphate and soybean oil uniformly to obtain the nutritional conditioner.
The mixed bacteria are bacillus subtilis, candida utilis and lactobacillus acidophilus according to the mass ratio of 2: 0.5: 1.5.
The acidifying agent is lactic acid.
The fermentation promoter is polyglycerol fatty acid ester.
Example 3
A method for breeding edible animals with the anti-decreasing feed containing radix astragali or its stem and leaf flowers comprises feeding poultry with the anti-decreasing feed containing radix astragali or its stem and leaf flowers.
Selecting 1-day-old broiler chickens, and feeding the broiler chickens with the resistance reducing feed containing astragalus stems, leaves and flowers in the whole process. Raising in cages, freely taking food and drinking water, and conventionally immunizing.
The preparation method of the resistance reducing feed containing astragalus root stems, leaves and flowers comprises the following steps:
(1) preprocessing astragalus stem, leaf and flower: collecting fresh astragalus stem, leaf and flower, placing in a drying oven at 50 ℃ for drying for 20 hours, and crushing into 80 meshes to obtain astragalus stem, leaf and flower powder;
(2) water extraction: mixing astragalus stem and leaf pollen and medical stone water according to a mass ratio of 1: 10, mixing, keeping the temperature at 95 ℃ for 25 minutes, filtering by adopting 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a primary filtrate, adding Chinese medical stone water which is 4 times of the weight of the pollen of the astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf into filter residue, keeping the temperature at 95 ℃ for 25 minutes, filtering by adopting 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a secondary filtrate, combining the two filtrates, and carrying out vacuum concentration under the conditions of the pressure of 0.06MPa and the temperature of 50 ℃ until the pressure is 5 times of the weight of the pollen of the astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf to obtain water extract;
(3) preparing mixed bacterial liquid: mixing water extract, mixed bacteria and a fermentation accelerator according to a mass ratio of 100: 0.4: 1, mixing, and stirring for 10 minutes at 80 rpm to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid;
(4) fermentation: weighing 8 parts of astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf pollen, 30 parts of corn, 15 parts of bran, 30 parts of peanut meal, 15 parts of rice bran, 2 parts of cane sugar and 0.05 part of salt according to parts by weight, uniformly mixing to obtain a fermentation raw material, spraying a mixed bacterial liquid, wherein the using amount of the mixed bacterial liquid is 10% of the mass of the fermentation raw material, and performing sealed fermentation at 30 ℃ for 4 days to obtain a fermentation product;
(5) and (3) mixing the fermentation product, the nutrition conditioner and the acidifier in a mass ratio of 100: 8: 0.05, and drying at 50 ℃ for 20 hours to obtain the anti-bacterial feed containing the astragalus root, the stem, the leaf and the flower.
The medical stone water is prepared by the following method: mixing medical stone and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 1: 8, mixing, soaking at 50 deg.C for 50 min, centrifuging at 6000 rpm for 5 min, and collecting supernatant to obtain Maifanitum water.
The nutritional conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of whey powder, 30 parts of vital gluten, 30 parts of corn flour, 7 parts of glucose, 6 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 2 parts of soybean oil. The nutritional conditioner is prepared by the following method: and mixing whey powder, vital gluten, corn flour, glucose, calcium hydrophosphate and soybean oil uniformly to obtain the nutritional conditioner.
The mixed bacteria are bacillus subtilis, candida utilis and lactobacillus acidophilus according to the mass ratio of 2: 0.5: 1.5.
The acidifying agent is lactic acid.
The fermentation promoter is polyglycerol fatty acid ester.
Example 4
A method for breeding edible animals with the anti-decreasing feed containing radix astragali or its stem and leaf flowers comprises feeding poultry with the anti-decreasing feed containing radix astragali or its stem and leaf flowers.
Selecting 1-day-old broiler chickens, and feeding the broiler chickens with the resistance reducing feed containing astragalus stems, leaves and flowers in the whole process. Raising in cages, freely taking food and drinking water, and conventionally immunizing.
The preparation method of the resistance reducing feed containing astragalus root stems, leaves and flowers comprises the following steps:
(1) preprocessing astragalus stem, leaf and flower: collecting fresh astragalus stem, leaf and flower, placing in a drying oven at 50 ℃ for drying for 20 hours, and crushing into 80 meshes to obtain astragalus stem, leaf and flower powder;
(2) water extraction: mixing astragalus stem and leaf pollen and medical stone water according to a mass ratio of 1: 10, mixing, keeping the temperature at 95 ℃ for 25 minutes, filtering by adopting 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a primary filtrate, adding Chinese medical stone water which is 4 times of the weight of the pollen of the astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf into filter residue, keeping the temperature at 95 ℃ for 25 minutes, filtering by adopting 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a secondary filtrate, combining the two filtrates, and carrying out vacuum concentration under the conditions of the pressure of 0.06MPa and the temperature of 50 ℃ until the pressure is 5 times of the weight of the pollen of the astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf to obtain water extract;
(3) preparing mixed bacterial liquid: mixing water extract, mixed bacteria and a fermentation accelerator according to a mass ratio of 100: 0.4: 1, mixing, and stirring for 10 minutes at 80 rpm to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid;
(4) fermentation: weighing 8 parts of astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf pollen, 30 parts of corn, 15 parts of bran, 30 parts of peanut meal, 15 parts of rice bran, 2 parts of cane sugar and 0.05 part of salt according to parts by weight, uniformly mixing to obtain a fermentation raw material, spraying a mixed bacterial liquid, wherein the using amount of the mixed bacterial liquid is 10% of the mass of the fermentation raw material, and performing sealed fermentation at 30 ℃ for 4 days to obtain a fermentation product;
(5) and (3) mixing the fermentation product, the nutrition conditioner and the acidifier in a mass ratio of 100: 8: 0.05, and drying at 50 ℃ for 20 hours to obtain the anti-bacterial feed containing the astragalus root, the stem, the leaf and the flower.
The medical stone water is prepared by the following method: mixing medical stone and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 1: 8, mixing, soaking at 50 deg.C for 50 min, centrifuging at 6000 rpm for 5 min, and collecting supernatant to obtain Maifanitum water.
The nutritional conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of whey powder, 30 parts of vital gluten, 30 parts of corn flour, 7 parts of glucose, 6 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 2 parts of soybean oil. The nutritional conditioner is prepared by the following method: and mixing whey powder, vital gluten, corn flour, glucose, calcium hydrophosphate and soybean oil uniformly to obtain the nutritional conditioner.
The mixed bacteria are bacillus subtilis, candida utilis and lactobacillus acidophilus according to the mass ratio of 2: 0.5: 1.5.
The acidulant is citric acid.
The fermentation promoter is polyglycerol fatty acid ester.
Example 5
A method for breeding edible animals with the anti-decreasing feed containing radix astragali or its stem and leaf flowers comprises feeding poultry with the anti-decreasing feed containing radix astragali or its stem and leaf flowers.
Selecting 1-day-old broiler chickens, and feeding the broiler chickens with the resistance reducing feed containing astragalus stems, leaves and flowers in the whole process. Raising in cages, freely taking food and drinking water, and conventionally immunizing.
The preparation method of the resistance reducing feed containing astragalus root stems, leaves and flowers comprises the following steps:
(1) preprocessing astragalus stem, leaf and flower: collecting fresh astragalus stem, leaf and flower, placing in a drying oven at 50 ℃ for drying for 20 hours, and crushing into 80 meshes to obtain astragalus stem, leaf and flower powder;
(2) water extraction: mixing astragalus stem and leaf pollen and medical stone water according to a mass ratio of 1: 10, mixing, keeping the temperature at 95 ℃ for 25 minutes, filtering by adopting 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a primary filtrate, adding Chinese medical stone water which is 4 times of the weight of the pollen of the astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf into filter residue, keeping the temperature at 95 ℃ for 25 minutes, filtering by adopting 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a secondary filtrate, combining the two filtrates, and carrying out vacuum concentration under the conditions of the pressure of 0.06MPa and the temperature of 50 ℃ until the pressure is 5 times of the weight of the pollen of the astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf to obtain water extract;
(3) preparing mixed bacterial liquid: mixing water extract, mixed bacteria and a fermentation accelerator according to a mass ratio of 100: 0.4: 1, mixing, and stirring for 10 minutes at 80 rpm to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid;
(4) fermentation: weighing 8 parts of astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf pollen, 30 parts of corn, 15 parts of bran, 30 parts of peanut meal, 15 parts of rice bran, 2 parts of cane sugar and 0.05 part of salt according to parts by weight, uniformly mixing to obtain a fermentation raw material, spraying a mixed bacterial liquid, wherein the using amount of the mixed bacterial liquid is 10% of the mass of the fermentation raw material, and performing sealed fermentation at 30 ℃ for 4 days to obtain a fermentation product;
(5) and (3) mixing the fermentation product, the nutrition conditioner and the acidifier in a mass ratio of 100: 8: 0.05, and drying at 50 ℃ for 20 hours to obtain the anti-bacterial feed containing the astragalus root, the stem, the leaf and the flower.
The medical stone water is prepared by the following method: mixing medical stone and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 1: 8, mixing, soaking at 50 deg.C for 50 min, centrifuging at 6000 rpm for 5 min, and collecting supernatant to obtain Maifanitum water.
The nutritional conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of whey powder, 30 parts of vital gluten, 30 parts of corn flour, 7 parts of glucose, 6 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 2 parts of soybean oil. The nutritional conditioner is prepared by the following method: and mixing whey powder, vital gluten, corn flour, glucose, calcium hydrophosphate and soybean oil uniformly to obtain the nutritional conditioner.
The mixed bacteria are bacillus subtilis, candida utilis and lactobacillus acidophilus according to the mass ratio of 2: 0.5: 1.5.
The acidulant is tartaric acid.
The fermentation promoter is polyglycerol fatty acid ester.
Example 6
A method for breeding edible animals with the anti-decreasing feed containing radix astragali or its stem and leaf flowers comprises feeding poultry with the anti-decreasing feed containing radix astragali or its stem and leaf flowers.
Selecting 1-day-old broiler chickens, and feeding the broiler chickens with the resistance reducing feed containing astragalus stems, leaves and flowers in the whole process. Raising in cages, freely taking food and drinking water, and conventionally immunizing.
The preparation method of the resistance reducing feed containing astragalus root stems, leaves and flowers comprises the following steps:
(1) preprocessing astragalus stem, leaf and flower: collecting fresh astragalus stem, leaf and flower, placing in a drying oven at 50 ℃ for drying for 20 hours, and crushing into 80 meshes to obtain astragalus stem, leaf and flower powder;
(2) water extraction: mixing astragalus stem and leaf pollen and medical stone water according to a mass ratio of 1: 10, mixing, keeping the temperature at 95 ℃ for 25 minutes, filtering by adopting 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a primary filtrate, adding Chinese medical stone water which is 4 times of the weight of the pollen of the astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf into filter residue, keeping the temperature at 95 ℃ for 25 minutes, filtering by adopting 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a secondary filtrate, combining the two filtrates, and carrying out vacuum concentration under the conditions of the pressure of 0.06MPa and the temperature of 50 ℃ until the pressure is 5 times of the weight of the pollen of the astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf to obtain water extract;
(3) preparing mixed bacterial liquid: mixing water extract, mixed bacteria and a fermentation accelerator according to a mass ratio of 100: 0.4: 1, mixing, and stirring for 10 minutes at 80 rpm to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid;
(4) fermentation: weighing 8 parts of astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf pollen, 30 parts of corn, 15 parts of bran, 30 parts of peanut meal, 15 parts of rice bran, 2 parts of cane sugar and 0.05 part of salt according to parts by weight, uniformly mixing to obtain a fermentation raw material, spraying a mixed bacterial liquid, wherein the using amount of the mixed bacterial liquid is 10% of the mass of the fermentation raw material, and performing sealed fermentation at 30 ℃ for 4 days to obtain a fermentation product;
(5) and (3) mixing the fermentation product, the nutrition conditioner and the acidifier in a mass ratio of 100: 8: 0.05, and drying at 50 ℃ for 20 hours to obtain the anti-bacterial feed containing the astragalus root, the stem, the leaf and the flower.
The medical stone water is prepared by the following method: mixing medical stone and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 1: 8, mixing, soaking at 50 deg.C for 50 min, centrifuging at 6000 rpm for 5 min, and collecting supernatant to obtain Maifanitum water.
The nutritional conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of whey powder, 30 parts of vital gluten, 30 parts of corn flour, 7 parts of glucose, 6 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 2 parts of soybean oil. The nutritional conditioner is prepared by the following method: and mixing whey powder, vital gluten, corn flour, glucose, calcium hydrophosphate and soybean oil uniformly to obtain the nutritional conditioner.
The mixed bacteria are bacillus subtilis, candida utilis and lactobacillus acidophilus according to the mass ratio of 2: 0.5: 1.5.
The acidifier is fumaric acid.
The fermentation promoter is polyglycerol fatty acid ester.
Example 7
A method for breeding edible animals with the anti-decreasing feed containing radix astragali or its stem and leaf flowers comprises feeding poultry with the anti-decreasing feed containing radix astragali or its stem and leaf flowers.
Selecting 1-day-old broiler chickens, and feeding the broiler chickens with the resistance reducing feed containing astragalus stems, leaves and flowers in the whole process. Raising in cages, freely taking food and drinking water, and conventionally immunizing.
The preparation method of the resistance reducing feed containing astragalus root stems, leaves and flowers comprises the following steps:
(1) preprocessing astragalus stem, leaf and flower: collecting fresh astragalus stem, leaf and flower, placing in a drying oven at 50 ℃ for drying for 20 hours, and crushing into 80 meshes to obtain astragalus stem, leaf and flower powder;
(2) water extraction: mixing astragalus stem and leaf pollen and medical stone water according to a mass ratio of 1: 10, mixing, keeping the temperature at 95 ℃ for 25 minutes, filtering by adopting 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a primary filtrate, adding Chinese medical stone water which is 4 times of the weight of the pollen of the astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf into filter residue, keeping the temperature at 95 ℃ for 25 minutes, filtering by adopting 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a secondary filtrate, combining the two filtrates, and carrying out vacuum concentration under the conditions of the pressure of 0.06MPa and the temperature of 50 ℃ until the pressure is 5 times of the weight of the pollen of the astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf to obtain water extract;
(3) preparing mixed bacterial liquid: mixing water extract, mixed bacteria and a fermentation accelerator according to a mass ratio of 100: 0.4: 1, mixing, and stirring for 10 minutes at 80 rpm to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid;
(4) fermentation: weighing 8 parts of astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf pollen, 30 parts of corn, 15 parts of bran, 30 parts of peanut meal, 15 parts of rice bran, 2 parts of cane sugar and 0.05 part of salt according to parts by weight, uniformly mixing to obtain a fermentation raw material, spraying a mixed bacterial liquid, wherein the using amount of the mixed bacterial liquid is 10% of the mass of the fermentation raw material, and performing sealed fermentation at 30 ℃ for 4 days to obtain a fermentation product;
(5) and (3) mixing the fermentation product, the nutrition conditioner and the acidifier in a mass ratio of 100: 8: 0.05, and drying at 50 ℃ for 20 hours to obtain the anti-bacterial feed containing the astragalus root, the stem, the leaf and the flower.
The medical stone water is prepared by the following method: mixing medical stone and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 1: 8, mixing, soaking at 50 deg.C for 50 min, centrifuging at 6000 rpm for 5 min, and collecting supernatant to obtain Maifanitum water.
The nutritional conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of whey powder, 30 parts of vital gluten, 30 parts of corn flour, 7 parts of glucose, 6 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 2 parts of soybean oil. The nutritional conditioner is prepared by the following method: and mixing whey powder, vital gluten, corn flour, glucose, calcium hydrophosphate and soybean oil uniformly to obtain the nutritional conditioner.
The mixed bacteria are bacillus subtilis, candida utilis and lactobacillus acidophilus according to the mass ratio of 2: 0.5: 1.5.
The acidulant is sorbic acid.
The fermentation promoter is polyglycerol fatty acid ester.
Example 8
A method for breeding edible animals with the anti-decreasing feed containing radix astragali or its stem and leaf flowers comprises feeding poultry with the anti-decreasing feed containing radix astragali or its stem and leaf flowers.
Selecting 1-day-old broiler chickens, and feeding the broiler chickens with the resistance reducing feed containing astragalus stems, leaves and flowers in the whole process. Raising in cages, freely taking food and drinking water, and conventionally immunizing.
The preparation method of the resistance reducing feed containing astragalus root stems, leaves and flowers comprises the following steps:
(1) preprocessing astragalus stem, leaf and flower: collecting fresh astragalus stem, leaf and flower, placing in a drying oven at 50 ℃ for drying for 20 hours, and crushing into 80 meshes to obtain astragalus stem, leaf and flower powder;
(2) water extraction: mixing astragalus stem and leaf pollen and medical stone water according to a mass ratio of 1: 10, mixing, keeping the temperature at 95 ℃ for 25 minutes, filtering by adopting 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a primary filtrate, adding Chinese medical stone water which is 4 times of the weight of the pollen of the astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf into filter residue, keeping the temperature at 95 ℃ for 25 minutes, filtering by adopting 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a secondary filtrate, combining the two filtrates, and carrying out vacuum concentration under the conditions of the pressure of 0.06MPa and the temperature of 50 ℃ until the pressure is 5 times of the weight of the pollen of the astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf to obtain water extract;
(3) preparing mixed bacterial liquid: mixing water extract, mixed bacteria and a fermentation accelerator according to a mass ratio of 100: 0.4: 1, mixing, and stirring for 10 minutes at 80 rpm to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid;
(4) fermentation: weighing 8 parts of astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf pollen, 30 parts of corn, 15 parts of bran, 30 parts of peanut meal, 15 parts of rice bran, 2 parts of cane sugar and 0.05 part of salt according to parts by weight, uniformly mixing to obtain a fermentation raw material, spraying a mixed bacterial liquid, wherein the using amount of the mixed bacterial liquid is 10% of the mass of the fermentation raw material, and performing sealed fermentation at 30 ℃ for 4 days to obtain a fermentation product;
(5) and (3) mixing the fermentation product, the nutrition conditioner and the acidifier in a mass ratio of 100: 8: 0.05, and drying at 50 ℃ for 20 hours to obtain the anti-bacterial feed containing the astragalus root, the stem, the leaf and the flower.
The medical stone water is prepared by the following method: mixing medical stone and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 1: 8, mixing, soaking at 50 deg.C for 50 min, centrifuging at 6000 rpm for 5 min, and collecting supernatant to obtain Maifanitum water.
The nutritional conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of whey powder, 30 parts of vital gluten, 30 parts of corn flour, 7 parts of glucose, 6 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 2 parts of soybean oil. The nutritional conditioner is prepared by the following method: and mixing whey powder, vital gluten, corn flour, glucose, calcium hydrophosphate and soybean oil uniformly to obtain the nutritional conditioner.
The mixed bacteria are bacillus subtilis, candida utilis and lactobacillus acidophilus according to the mass ratio of 2: 0.5: 1.5.
The acidulant is chlorogenic acid.
The fermentation promoter is polyglycerol fatty acid ester.
Example 9
A method for breeding edible animals with the anti-decreasing feed containing radix astragali or its stem and leaf flowers comprises feeding poultry with the anti-decreasing feed containing radix astragali or its stem and leaf flowers.
Selecting 1-day-old broiler chickens, and feeding the broiler chickens with the resistance reducing feed containing astragalus stems, leaves and flowers in the whole process. Raising in cages, freely taking food and drinking water, and conventionally immunizing.
The preparation method of the resistance reducing feed containing astragalus root stems, leaves and flowers comprises the following steps:
(1) preprocessing astragalus stem, leaf and flower: collecting fresh astragalus stem, leaf and flower, placing in a drying oven at 50 ℃ for drying for 20 hours, and crushing into 80 meshes to obtain astragalus stem, leaf and flower powder;
(2) water extraction: mixing astragalus stem and leaf pollen and medical stone water according to a mass ratio of 1: 10, mixing, keeping the temperature at 95 ℃ for 25 minutes, filtering by adopting 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a primary filtrate, adding Chinese medical stone water which is 4 times of the weight of the pollen of the astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf into filter residue, keeping the temperature at 95 ℃ for 25 minutes, filtering by adopting 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a secondary filtrate, combining the two filtrates, and carrying out vacuum concentration under the conditions of the pressure of 0.06MPa and the temperature of 50 ℃ until the pressure is 5 times of the weight of the pollen of the astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf to obtain water extract;
(3) preparing mixed bacterial liquid: mixing water extract, mixed bacteria and a fermentation accelerator according to a mass ratio of 100: 0.4: 1, mixing, and stirring for 10 minutes at 80 rpm to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid;
(4) fermentation: weighing 8 parts of astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf pollen, 30 parts of corn, 15 parts of bran, 30 parts of peanut meal, 15 parts of rice bran, 2 parts of cane sugar and 0.05 part of salt according to parts by weight, uniformly mixing to obtain a fermentation raw material, spraying a mixed bacterial liquid, wherein the using amount of the mixed bacterial liquid is 10% of the mass of the fermentation raw material, and performing sealed fermentation at 30 ℃ for 4 days to obtain a fermentation product;
(5) and (3) mixing the fermentation product, the nutrition conditioner and the acidifier in a mass ratio of 100: 8: 0.05, and drying at 50 ℃ for 20 hours to obtain the anti-bacterial feed containing the astragalus root, the stem, the leaf and the flower.
The medical stone water is prepared by the following method: mixing medical stone and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 1: 8, mixing, soaking at 50 deg.C for 50 min, centrifuging at 6000 rpm for 5 min, and collecting supernatant to obtain Maifanitum water.
The nutritional conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of whey powder, 30 parts of vital gluten, 30 parts of corn flour, 7 parts of glucose, 6 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 2 parts of soybean oil. The nutritional conditioner is prepared by the following method: and mixing whey powder, vital gluten, corn flour, glucose, calcium hydrophosphate and soybean oil uniformly to obtain the nutritional conditioner.
The mixed bacteria are bacillus subtilis, candida utilis and lactobacillus acidophilus according to the mass ratio of 2: 0.5: 1.5.
The acidulant is chlorogenic acid.
The fermentation promoter is tea polyphenol.
Broiler chicken production performance test results: the average daily feed intake is 102.75g, the average daily gain is 57.34g, and the feed conversion ratio is 1.79; the test result of the development condition of immune organs of the broiler chickens: spleen index 1.81, bursal index 1.29.
Example 10
A method for breeding edible animals with the anti-decreasing feed containing radix astragali or its stem and leaf flowers comprises feeding poultry with the anti-decreasing feed containing radix astragali or its stem and leaf flowers.
Selecting 1-day-old broiler chickens, and feeding the broiler chickens with the resistance reducing feed containing astragalus stems, leaves and flowers in the whole process. Raising in cages, freely taking food and drinking water, and conventionally immunizing.
The preparation method of the resistance reducing feed containing astragalus root stems, leaves and flowers comprises the following steps:
(1) preprocessing astragalus stem, leaf and flower: collecting fresh astragalus stem, leaf and flower, placing in a drying oven at 50 ℃ for drying for 20 hours, and crushing into 80 meshes to obtain astragalus stem, leaf and flower powder;
(2) water extraction: mixing astragalus stem and leaf pollen and medical stone water according to a mass ratio of 1: 10, mixing, keeping the temperature at 95 ℃ for 25 minutes, filtering by adopting 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a primary filtrate, adding Chinese medical stone water which is 4 times of the weight of the pollen of the astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf into filter residue, keeping the temperature at 95 ℃ for 25 minutes, filtering by adopting 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a secondary filtrate, combining the two filtrates, and carrying out vacuum concentration under the conditions of the pressure of 0.06MPa and the temperature of 50 ℃ until the pressure is 5 times of the weight of the pollen of the astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf to obtain water extract;
(3) preparing mixed bacterial liquid: mixing water extract, mixed bacteria and a fermentation accelerator according to a mass ratio of 100: 0.4: 1, mixing, and stirring for 10 minutes at 80 rpm to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid;
(4) fermentation: weighing 8 parts of astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf pollen, 30 parts of corn, 15 parts of bran, 30 parts of peanut meal, 15 parts of rice bran, 2 parts of cane sugar and 0.05 part of salt according to parts by weight, uniformly mixing to obtain a fermentation raw material, spraying a mixed bacterial liquid, wherein the using amount of the mixed bacterial liquid is 10% of the mass of the fermentation raw material, and performing sealed fermentation at 30 ℃ for 4 days to obtain a fermentation product;
(5) and (3) mixing the fermentation product, the nutrition conditioner and the acidifier in a mass ratio of 100: 8: 0.05, and drying at 50 ℃ for 20 hours to obtain the anti-bacterial feed containing the astragalus root, the stem, the leaf and the flower.
The medical stone water is prepared by the following method: mixing medical stone and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 1: 8, mixing, soaking at 50 deg.C for 50 min, centrifuging at 6000 rpm for 5 min, and collecting supernatant to obtain Maifanitum water.
The nutritional conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of whey powder, 30 parts of vital gluten, 30 parts of corn flour, 7 parts of glucose, 6 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 2 parts of soybean oil. The nutritional conditioner is prepared by the following method: and mixing whey powder, vital gluten, corn flour, glucose, calcium hydrophosphate and soybean oil uniformly to obtain the nutritional conditioner.
The mixed bacteria are bacillus subtilis, candida utilis and lactobacillus acidophilus according to the mass ratio of 2: 0.5: 1.5.
The acidulant is chlorogenic acid.
The fermentation accelerant is a mixture of polyglycerol fatty acid ester and tea polyphenol, and the mass ratio of the polyglycerol fatty acid ester to the tea polyphenol is 3: 1.
broiler chicken production performance test results: the average daily feed intake is 104.83g, the average daily gain is 60.03g, and the feed conversion ratio is 1.75; the test result of the development condition of immune organs of the broiler chickens: spleen index 1.88, bursal index 1.37.
Example 11
A method for breeding edible animals with the anti-decreasing feed containing radix astragali or its stem and leaf flowers comprises feeding poultry with the anti-decreasing feed containing radix astragali or its stem and leaf flowers.
Selecting 1-day-old broiler chickens, and feeding the broiler chickens with the resistance reducing feed containing the astragalus roots in the whole process. Raising in cages, freely taking food and drinking water, and conventionally immunizing.
The preparation method of the astragalus-containing anti-disease feed comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of astragalus: collecting fresh radix astragali, drying in a 50 deg.C drying oven for 20 hr, and pulverizing into 80 mesh powder;
(2) water extraction: mixing radix astragali powder and Maifanitum water at a mass ratio of 1: 10, mixing, keeping the temperature at 95 ℃ for 25 minutes, filtering by adopting 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a primary filtrate, adding Chinese medical stone water which is 4 times of the weight of the astragalus powder into filter residue, keeping the temperature at 95 ℃ for 25 minutes, filtering by adopting 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a secondary filtrate, combining the two filtrates, and carrying out vacuum concentration under the conditions of the pressure of 0.06MPa and the temperature of 50 ℃ to 5 times of the weight of the astragalus powder to obtain a water extract;
(3) preparing mixed bacterial liquid: mixing water extract, mixed bacteria and a fermentation accelerator according to a mass ratio of 100: 0.4: 1, mixing, and stirring for 10 minutes at 80 rpm to obtain a mixed bacterial liquid;
(4) fermentation: weighing 8 parts of astragalus powder, 30 parts of corn, 15 parts of bran, 30 parts of peanut meal, 15 parts of rice bran, 2 parts of cane sugar and 0.05 part of salt according to parts by weight, uniformly mixing to obtain a fermentation raw material, spraying a mixed bacterial liquid, wherein the using amount of the mixed bacterial liquid is 10% of the mass of the fermentation raw material, and performing sealed fermentation at 30 ℃ for 4 days to obtain a fermentation product;
(5) and (3) mixing the fermentation product, the nutrition conditioner and the acidifier in a mass ratio of 100: 8: 0.05, and drying at 50 ℃ for 20 hours to obtain the anti-bacterial feed containing the astragalus.
The medical stone water is prepared by the following method: mixing medical stone and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 1: 8, mixing, soaking at 50 deg.C for 50 min, centrifuging at 6000 rpm for 5 min, and collecting supernatant to obtain Maifanitum water.
The nutritional conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 parts of whey powder, 30 parts of vital gluten, 30 parts of corn flour, 7 parts of glucose, 6 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 2 parts of soybean oil. The nutritional conditioner is prepared by the following method: and mixing whey powder, vital gluten, corn flour, glucose, calcium hydrophosphate and soybean oil uniformly to obtain the nutritional conditioner.
The mixed bacteria are bacillus subtilis, candida utilis and lactobacillus acidophilus according to the mass ratio of 2: 0.5: 1.5.
The acidulant is chlorogenic acid.
The fermentation accelerant is a mixture of polyglycerol fatty acid ester and tea polyphenol, and the mass ratio of the polyglycerol fatty acid ester to the tea polyphenol is 3: 1.
comparative example 1
Selecting 1 day old broiler chickens, feeding 510 broiler chickens early-stage compound feed (Xuzhou Corxing science and technology development Co., Ltd.) in 1-21 days, and using 511 broiler chickens middle-stage compound feed (Xuzhou Corxing science and technology development Co., Ltd.) after 21 days old. Raising in cages, freely taking food and drinking water, and conventionally immunizing.
Test example 1
The health conditions of the broilers in the test period are good, the broiler chickens fed with the anti-reducing feed containing astragalus mongholicus stems, leaves and flowers obtained in the examples 1-8 are tested for the production performance, and the specific results are shown in table 1.
Table 1 table of production performance test results of broiler chickens
| Average daily food intake/g | Average daily gain/g | Meat ratio of materials | |
| Example 1 | 100.36 | 52.07 | 1.93 |
| Example 2 | 101.03 | 53.36 | 1.89 |
| Example 3 | 101.85 | 55.43 | 1.84 |
| Example 4 | 101.76 | 55.39 | 1.84 |
| Example 5 | 101.69 | 55.03 | 1.85 |
| Example 6 | 101.73 | 55.48 | 1.83 |
| Example 7 | 102.23 | 56.42 | 1.81 |
| Example 8 | 103.06 | 57.85 | 1.78 |
| Comparative example 1 | 100.28 | 49.35 | 2.03 |
Example 2 the mixed bacterial liquid is prepared by using the aqueous extract, and the obtained anti-bacterial feed containing astragalus stem and leaf flowers is used for feeding broiler chickens, the average daily gain and the feed-meat ratio of the broiler chickens are superior to those of example 1, because some active ingredients in the astragalus extract are beneficial to the growth of zymobacteria, so that the quality of fermentation products is improved.
Example 3 the water extract is prepared from the medical stone water, and the average daily gain and the feed-to-meat ratio of the broiler chickens are better than those of example 2 when the broiler chickens are fed with the obtained anti-bacterial feed containing the astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf flowers, because the medical stone water can promote the fermentation reaction, and the medical stone water can enable the broiler chickens to better absorb trace elements.
Examples 3 to 8 optimize and screen the acidulant, and find that the average daily gain and feed conversion ratio of the broiler chickens are superior to those of other acids when the broiler chickens are fed with the anti-tumor feed containing astragalus root stems, leaves and flowers obtained by adopting chlorogenic acid. This is probably because chlorogenic acid can better activate pepsinogen, improve the activity of digestive enzymes, and make nutrients better absorbed, thereby improving the productivity of poultry and the feed conversion rate.
Test example 2
The chicken fed with the anti-bacterial feed containing astragalus mongholicus stems, leaves and flowers obtained in examples 1-8 was tested for immune organ development of the chicken, and all slaughtered chicken immune organs were not abnormal in appearance. The specific results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 table of test results of immune organ development status of broiler chicken
| Spleen index, g/Kg | Bursal index, g/Kg | |
| Example 1 | 1.69 | 1.07 |
| Example 2 | 1.71 | 1.14 |
| Example 3 | 1.75 | 1.22 |
| Example 4 | 1.73 | 1.19 |
| Example 5 | 1.74 | 1.19 |
| Example 6 | 1.76 | 1.21 |
| Example 7 | 1.77 | 1.23 |
| Example 8 | 1.82 | 1.30 |
| Comparative example 1 | 1.57 | 1.03 |
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method of an anti-bacterial feed containing astragalus membranaceus stems, leaves and flowers is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preprocessing astragalus stem, leaf and flower: collecting fresh stem, leaf and flower of radix astragali, drying in a drying oven at 40-60 deg.C for 18-24 hr, and pulverizing into 60-100 mesh powder to obtain stem, leaf and flower powder of radix astragali;
(2) water extraction: mixing astragalus stem and leaf pollen and medical stone water according to a mass ratio of 1: (8-12), preserving heat at 90-100 ℃ for 20-30 minutes, filtering with 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a primary filtrate, adding medical stone water which is 3-5 times of the weight of the astragalus stem and leaf pollen into filter residue, preserving heat at 90-100 ℃ for 20-30 minutes, filtering with 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a secondary filtrate, combining the two filtrates, and concentrating under reduced pressure at 40-60 ℃ to 4-6 times of the weight of the astragalus stem and leaf pollen to obtain a water extract;
(3) preparing mixed bacterial liquid: mixing water extract, mixed bacteria and a fermentation accelerator according to a mass ratio of 100: (0.1-0.5): (0.5-1.5), stirring for 8-12 minutes at 60-100 rpm to obtain mixed bacterial liquid;
(4) fermentation: weighing 5-10 parts of astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf pollen, 25-35 parts of corn, 10-20 parts of bran, 25-35 parts of peanut meal, 10-20 parts of rice bran, 1-5 parts of sucrose and 0.01-0.2 part of salt according to parts by weight, uniformly mixing to obtain a fermentation raw material, spraying a mixed bacterial liquid, wherein the using amount of the mixed bacterial liquid is 5-15% of the mass of the fermentation raw material, and carrying out sealed fermentation at 25-35 ℃ for 3-5 days to obtain a fermentation product;
(5) mixing materials: and (3) mixing the fermentation product, the nutrition conditioner and the acidifier in a mass ratio of 100: (5-10): (0.01-0.1), and drying at 40-60 ℃ for 18-24 hours to obtain the anti-bacterial feed containing the stem, leaf and flower of the astragalus;
the fermentation accelerant is a mixture of polyglycerol fatty acid ester and tea polyphenol, and the mass ratio of the polyglycerol fatty acid ester to the tea polyphenol is 3: 1; the acidifier is chlorogenic acid;
the mixed bacteria are bacillus subtilis, candida utilis and lactobacillus acidophilus according to the mass ratio of 2: 0.5: 1.5.
2. The preparation method of the anti-bacterial feed containing astragalus membranaceus stems, leaves and flowers as claimed in claim 1, wherein the medical stone water is prepared by the following method: mixing medical stone and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 1: (5-10), soaking at 45-55 deg.C for 40-60 min, centrifuging at 4000-.
3. The preparation method of the anti-bacterial feed containing astragalus membranaceus stems, leaves and flowers as claimed in claim 1, wherein the nutritional conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of whey powder, 25-35 parts of wheat gluten, 25-35 parts of corn flour, 5-10 parts of glucose, 4-8 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 1-3 parts of soybean oil.
4. An anti-microbial feed containing astragalus root stems, leaves and flowers is characterized by being prepared by the following method:
(1) preprocessing astragalus stem, leaf and flower: collecting fresh stem, leaf and flower of radix astragali, drying in a drying oven at 40-60 deg.C for 18-24 hr, and pulverizing into 60-100 mesh powder to obtain stem, leaf and flower powder of radix astragali;
(2) water extraction: mixing astragalus stem and leaf pollen and medical stone water according to a mass ratio of 1: (8-12), preserving heat at 90-100 ℃ for 20-30 minutes, filtering with 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a primary filtrate, adding medical stone water which is 3-5 times of the weight of the astragalus stem and leaf pollen into filter residue, preserving heat at 90-100 ℃ for 20-30 minutes, filtering with 300-mesh filter cloth to obtain a secondary filtrate, combining the two filtrates, and concentrating under reduced pressure at 40-60 ℃ to 4-6 times of the weight of the astragalus stem and leaf pollen to obtain a water extract;
(3) preparing mixed bacterial liquid: mixing water extract, mixed bacteria and a fermentation accelerator according to a mass ratio of 100: (0.1-0.5): (0.5-1.5), stirring for 8-12 minutes at 60-100 rpm to obtain mixed bacterial liquid;
(4) fermentation: weighing 5-10 parts of astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf pollen, 25-35 parts of corn, 10-20 parts of bran, 25-35 parts of peanut meal, 10-20 parts of rice bran, 1-5 parts of sucrose and 0.01-0.2 part of salt according to parts by weight, uniformly mixing to obtain a fermentation raw material, spraying a mixed bacterial liquid, wherein the using amount of the mixed bacterial liquid is 5-15% of the mass of the fermentation raw material, and carrying out sealed fermentation at 25-35 ℃ for 3-5 days to obtain a fermentation product;
(5) mixing materials: and (3) mixing the fermentation product, the nutrition conditioner and the acidifier in a mass ratio of 100: (5-10): (0.01-0.1), and drying at 40-60 ℃ for 18-24 hours to obtain the anti-bacterial feed containing the stem, leaf and flower of the astragalus;
the fermentation accelerant is a mixture of polyglycerol fatty acid ester and tea polyphenol, and the mass ratio of the polyglycerol fatty acid ester to the tea polyphenol is 3: 1; the acidifier is chlorogenic acid;
the mixed bacteria are bacillus subtilis, candida utilis and lactobacillus acidophilus according to the mass ratio of 2: 0.5: 1.5 of a mixture;
the nutritional conditioner comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-30 parts of whey powder, 25-35 parts of wheat gluten, 25-35 parts of corn flour, 5-10 parts of glucose, 4-8 parts of calcium hydrophosphate and 1-3 parts of soybean oil;
the medical stone water is prepared by the following method: mixing medical stone and deionized water according to a mass ratio of 1: (5-10), soaking at 45-55 deg.C for 40-60 min, centrifuging at 4000-.
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| CN109221598B (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2021-08-31 | 大兴安岭北天原生物科技有限责任公司 | An anti-bacterial feed additive containing radix astragali or stem, leaf and flower of radix astragali, and its preparation method |
| CN109221622B (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2021-09-07 | 大兴安岭北天原生物科技有限责任公司 | An anti-disease feed containing radix astragali or stem, leaf and flower of radix astragali, and its preparation method |
| CN111789186B (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2023-12-15 | 山西省繁峙县天河牧业有限公司 | Fermented astragalus root and preparation method thereof, feed additive and preparation method thereof, and beef cattle feed |
| CN113841799B (en) * | 2021-09-24 | 2023-10-27 | 盐城师范学院 | Pig feed containing bunge auriculate root stems and leaves as well as preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115777832A (en) * | 2022-11-16 | 2023-03-14 | 南京中医药大学 | Preparation method and application of astragalus stem and leaf mixed solid fermentation product |
| CN116439315B (en) * | 2023-04-21 | 2024-04-26 | 南京中医药大学 | Clostridium butyricum fermentation product of astragalus membranaceus stem and leaf as well as preparation method and application thereof |
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