CN107471424B - Canal engineering system and construction method - Google Patents
Canal engineering system and construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107471424B CN107471424B CN201710726561.3A CN201710726561A CN107471424B CN 107471424 B CN107471424 B CN 107471424B CN 201710726561 A CN201710726561 A CN 201710726561A CN 107471424 B CN107471424 B CN 107471424B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 abstract description 29
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 13
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011178 precast concrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011083 cement mortar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006355 external stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B23/00—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects
- B28B23/02—Arrangements specially adapted for the production of shaped articles with elements wholly or partly embedded in the moulding material; Production of reinforced objects wherein the elements are reinforcing members
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/04—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by tamping or ramming
- B28B1/045—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by tamping or ramming combined with vibrating or jolting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B1/00—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material
- B28B1/14—Producing shaped prefabricated articles from the material by simple casting, the material being neither forcibly fed nor positively compacted
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B11/00—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles
- B28B11/24—Apparatus or processes for treating or working the shaped or preshaped articles for curing, setting or hardening
- B28B11/245—Curing concrete articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B13/00—Feeding the unshaped material to moulds or apparatus for producing shaped articles; Discharging shaped articles from such moulds or apparatus
- B28B13/04—Discharging the shaped articles
- B28B13/06—Removing the shaped articles from moulds
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B5/00—Artificial water canals, e.g. irrigation canals
- E02B5/02—Making or lining canals
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
- Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses a canal engineering system and a construction method, wherein the canal engineering system comprises canal prefabrication, canal three-way prefabrication, canal corner prefabrication, canal side-through prefabrication, canal road prefabrication and canal cover plate prefabrication; the canal channel prefabricated part, the canal three-way prefabricated part, the canal corner prefabricated part, the canal side-through prefabricated part and the canal passage prefabricated part are connected according to canal system requirements to form a canal engineering system; the canal passing prefabricated part is matched with the canal cover plate prefabricated part; and a butt joint groove is arranged at the butt joint position of each prefabricated member. The utility model can implement industrial production of the canal engineering system, can be quickly installed on a construction site, greatly improves the construction efficiency, shortens the construction period, reduces the engineering cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to a canal engineering system and a construction method.
Background
The canal is a main tool for irrigation and drainage engineering of irrigation and water conservancy, traffic, municipal administration, sewage, drainage in rainy days and the like, and the precast concrete U-shaped canal mould is one of the main tools for producing the canal.
With the great development of modern agriculture and water conservancy infrastructure in China, the investment scale of the nation and places on the agriculture and water conservancy infrastructure is larger and larger. The water resource distribution is very uneven in China, and particularly in western regions, the water resource of partial province and city is very short. Meanwhile, due to unreasonable irrigation and drainage modes and materials, a large amount of water resources are not well utilized and protected, and the problem of low-efficiency utilization of water resources in agricultural engineering and water conservancy construction in China is solved. For over 20 years, the precast concrete canal (U-shaped canal for short) is popularized and applied in various provinces and cities of China, especially in agricultural hydraulic engineering in western water resource shortage areas, so that the precast concrete canal is fully ensured by agriculture and water conservancy departments in various areas, and obvious economic and social benefits are obtained.
There are also many chinese patent documents searched for canal preforms as follows:
1. the utility model relates to a concrete prefabricated groove for farmland ditch, which is formed by oppositely arranging and combining a pair of prefabricated components with L-shaped cross sections into a U-shaped groove, wherein base plates with different widths can be additionally arranged between the matching surfaces of the two L-shaped components to form various ditch ditches with different flow rates, and the matching surfaces of the components are provided with positioning rabbets.
2. Chinese patent < application number > 201515177706. X < utility model name > a novel prefabricated ditch < applicant > Deng Zenghua < address > a novel prefabricated ditch of the agricultural development office < abstract > of Ganzhou city and city county in Jiangxi province, relates to a rural water conservancy reconstruction facility, in particular to a novel prefabricated ditch, which comprises a U-shaped groove, wherein the upper edge of the U-shaped groove is provided with a road slab; the method is characterized in that: every section U-shaped groove end is equipped with the sealing groove, and two sections U-shaped groove junctions are connected with the reinforcing bar, fill with novel sealing rubber in the sealing groove of U-shaped groove end again, play the stagnant water effect.
3. The utility model relates to the technical field of hydraulic engineering, in particular to an anti-deformation combined canal widely used in agricultural irrigation, transportation municipal water delivery and drainage engineering, which is characterized in that: the sealing device comprises a plurality of canal boards, wherein the butt joint parts of the adjacent canal boards are connected with sealing glue in a sealing way through sealing connecting strips, convex edges are arranged below the canal boards at the butt joint parts of the canal boards and the canal boards, and the butt joint parts of the longitudinal or transverse canal boards are fixedly connected with connecting screws arranged in the sealing connecting strips through straight groove stabilizing blocks contacted with the convex edges at the butt joint parts of the longitudinal or transverse canal boards; the joint of the longitudinal canal plate and the transverse canal plate is fixedly connected with the connecting screw rod arranged in the sealing connecting strip through the cross groove stabilizing block contacted with the convex edge of the joint.
4. The utility model discloses a casting molding die for a prefabricated drainage channel, which is disclosed in Chinese patent (application number: 201520000756.6) and utility model name: a casting molding die for a prefabricated drainage channel, wherein the casting molding die comprises a trolley, an outer die and an inner die, the outer die is concave, the inner die is U-shaped, and the drainage channel is molded in a cavity between the outer die and the inner die.
The defects existing in the prior art are as follows: 1. the construction process has long period, high cost, more manpower and weather influence during construction, larger construction facilities and sites need to be excavated, the construction facilities and sites are easy to damage, the construction facilities and sites are difficult to maintain, the construction facilities and sites cannot be recycled, the construction facilities and sites are quite troublesome to dismantle, the original land environment is easy to damage, and the like; 2. the canal groove is easy to be extruded and deformed or damaged by soil layer pressure, so that the service life of the beam groove is greatly influenced, the cost input is greatly increased, and the resource is wasted; 3. when the canal and the ditch are installed and butted, the construction process is more, the site is not easy to operate, and meanwhile, the butted part has poor tightness and is easy to leak water; 4. the method for manufacturing the canal channel and the construction method has the advantages of more working procedures, complicated die taking, great waste of labor force and working time and low work efficiency.
Applicants state herein that: the utility model relates to a method for producing a retaining wall prefabricated member, a method for producing a water channel passage prefabricated member, a method for producing a water channel side-through prefabricated member, a method for producing a water channel three-way prefabricated member and a method for producing a water channel corner prefabricated member, which are similar in technological structure, but are serial products for protecting serial products of people, and are not used for other purposes.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the utility model provides the canal engineering system and the construction method, which can meet the requirements of mechanized construction, greatly improve the construction efficiency, greatly shorten the engineering construction period, have the advantages of firm structure, strong extrusion deformation resistance, convenient disassembly and assembly, repeated use, good butt joint sealing performance, neat appearance, attractive streamline appearance, quick installation and convenient disassembly.
In order to achieve the aim of the utility model, the technical scheme adopted is as follows:
the canal engineering system comprises a canal prefabrication part, a canal three-way prefabrication part, a canal corner prefabrication part, a canal side-through prefabrication part and a canal passage prefabrication part; the canal passing prefabricated member is provided with a canal cover plate prefabricated member; the end surfaces of the prefabricated members are respectively provided with a butt joint groove; and correspondingly connecting the canal channel prefabricated part, the canal three-way prefabricated part, the canal corner prefabricated part, the canal side-through prefabricated part and the canal passage prefabricated part according to the design requirement of the canal system to form the canal engineering system.
The prefabricated member is composed of a steel reinforcement framework and concrete, and the steel reinforcement framework is wrapped by the concrete.
The prefabricated part is manufactured and molded after concrete is poured in the mold, the water cross section shape of the prepared prefabricated part groove is of an inverted trapezoid structure, the prefabricated part is produced by the mold, industrial mass production can be realized, the production efficiency is higher, the materials are saved, the production input cost is low, and larger economic benefit is generated; the prefabricated member can be installed without being manufactured on the engineering site, the ditch is dug, the prefabricated member is transported to the site, the engineering progress is greatly improved, and the sealing performance of the whole ditch is good.
The process steps of the prefabricated part production are as follows:
(1) Manufacturing a mould with the same shape as the canal prefabricated part, placing the mould upside down, and pouring concrete from the bottom;
(2) Uniformly spraying mold release oil or filling a plastic film on the inner side of the mold;
(3) The manufactured reinforcement cage is sleeved into a pouring mold, and a protective layer of concrete is adjusted, wherein the reinforcement cage is provided with stressed bars according to the stress conditions of the edges and the bottoms of the grooves, the edges of the grooves are provided with the same stress, the bottoms of the grooves are provided with the same stress, the reinforcement cage comprises first unit member construction reinforcements, second unit member construction reinforcements, construction reinforcements and bottom reinforcing ribs, the first unit member construction reinforcements, the second unit member construction reinforcements and the bottom reinforcing ribs are welded to form unit members, a plurality of unit members are welded through the construction reinforcements to form the reinforcement cage of the canal, the unit members distributed at the two ends of the reinforcement cage are dense, and the unit members distributed in the middle are sparse and uniform;
(4) Pouring the concrete required by pouring the components from the bottom of the die, uniformly spreading the concrete to two ends, vibrating the concrete by using a direct-insert vibrator for 1-3 minutes, and trowelling the concrete surface on the notch of the die after the air bubbles are discharged from the concrete; covering a cover plate;
(5) The prefabricated components of the canal after concrete pouring can be disassembled after being cured in site, wen Dayu h.C, the side mold can be disassembled after being cured, the internal mold can be disassembled after being sprayed with water to be cured, the temperature reaches 1500h.C, the prefabricated components can be piled up in a concentrated mode after the internal mold is disassembled, and the prefabricated components can be delivered for use after being cured, the temperature reaches more than 2000 h.C.
The time and temperature are time×temperature, the time unit is hours, the temperature unit is celsius, and the time and the temperature are both positive integers.
The time and temperature are time and outdoor temperature, the time unit is hour, the time value is a positive integer which is more than or equal to 16, the sum value which is accumulated in time is more than or equal to 16, and the time value can be 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 and other values; the outdoor temperature unit is the temperature, and the outdoor temperature is more than or equal to 20 ℃; the outdoor temperature is monitored in real time, calculation is carried out every one hour, all values are accumulated, and in the maintenance process, when the accumulated value of all time and temperature is more than 500h DEG C, a die cover plate, a side wall die and an end cover die of the die are disassembled; in the process of sprinkling and curing, when all time and temperature values are accumulated to be more than 1500h and DEG C, the die cavity can be removed, and the prefabricated parts are piled up intensively after the die cavity is removed; and continuing maintenance, when the accumulated value of all time and temperature values reaches 2000h and DEG C, the prefabricated member can be delivered for use, and when the value of each stage is calculated, the value of the next stage is not counted.
The included angle between the inner side wall of the groove of the prefabricated part and the bottom is 95-98 degrees, and the angle of chamfer is 45-60 degrees by adopting chamfer transition connection.
The prefabricated members are provided with the hoisting holes, the hoisting holes provide a lot of convenience for the prefabricated members during quick installation, the prefabricated members can be hoisted in the installation position in a quick alignment manner, and the prefabricated members can be guaranteed to be horizontal during hoisting; according to the stress balance of the hoisting prefabricated member during hoisting, the following setting is carried out on the setting positions of the hoisting holes: a butt joint is adopted for arranging hoisting holes on the strip-shaped prefabricated member; lifting holes are correspondingly formed in two sides of the corner prefabricated member at the corner; and a hoisting hole is formed in the branch path of the three-way prefabricated member, and a hoisting hole is formed in the main path corresponding to the diagonal of the hoisting hole.
Above the butt joint groove plays certain positioning action to the installation, can make again and have certain clearance between the prefab of pairwise butt joint, provide certain variable interval for the prefab when expend with heat and contract with cold, can protect prefab life, can ensure the leakproofness after the butt joint groove fills again, can not appear on the butt joint groove cement mortar by the stretch-break phenomenon, guarantee the supply of water volume, avoid unnecessary water wasting of resources.
The canal side through prefabricated member is provided with square small-displacement side through holes in the middle of the side wall, and the side through holes are in an inner narrow and outer wide shape.
The concrete comprises cement, coarse sand and limestone or granite, wherein the grain diameter of the limestone or granite is 5-30 mm, the grain diameter of the coarse sand is 1-5 mm, the cement, the coarse sand and the limestone or granite are prepared from concrete with a C20 mark, and the grading is grade 2.
The canal engineering system is applied to water conservancy construction, municipal drainage systems or highway bridges and culverts.
The construction method adopted by the system comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) clear base paying-off: taking the width which is 20-30 cm larger than the maximum width of the prefabricated member as a clear base line, and marking and scribing by adopting lime powder marks;
(2) Digging in the lime powder marking area by using an excavator or manually, reasonably stacking earthwork, leveling the bottom by using a manual work, and determining the installed side line and the bottom elevation;
(3) Hoisting the prefabricated member transported to the construction site by using an excavator, placing the hoisted prefabricated member into a base groove, aligning a side line and leveling the bottom elevation, and then removing a lifting hook;
(4) After the installation is finished, correcting the position error of the installed prefabricated member, reaching the design requirement, and reinforcing to prevent deformation;
(5) Filling a butt joint groove at the butt joint part of the prefabricated parts with cement fine mortar, wherein the weight ratio of cement to fine sand is 1:4-5, and the mortar is well agglomerated by hand;
(6) After the joint mortar is coagulated, backfilling gaps at two sides of the prefabricated member, compacting, and transporting residual soil materials and the like.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model has outstanding substantive characteristics and remarkable progress:
1. the utility model can lead the small-sized canal to meet the requirement of industrial mass production, and carry out mechanized construction on the construction site, thereby greatly shortening the construction period of engineering and ensuring the quality of the engineering. The novel plastic sealing device has the advantages of firm structure, strong extrusion deformation resistance, convenience in disassembly and assembly, repeated use, good butt joint sealing performance, neat appearance, attractive streamline, rapidness in installation and convenience in disassembly.
2. The utility model can greatly improve the construction efficiency, and the construction period is shortened to 80-90% by more than 7 times compared with the common construction method.
3. The utility model has the advantages of less material consumption, saving 12-35% of cast-in-situ concrete investment, greatly reducing cost investment and generating great economic benefit.
4. The mould for production and use is simple and convenient to manufacture, rapid to assemble, simple in procedure, and convenient and rapid to take and demold; the reinforced structure arranged in the member makes the structure of the canal prefabrication stronger and the compression resistance and the tensile resistance are enhanced; the stress bars and the structural bars arranged on the steel bar structure frame enable the whole canal structure to be stressed reasonably, and the damage of external force to the components can be resisted.
5. The concrete coarse aggregate adopted by the utility model is limestone or granite, the grain diameter is 5-30 mm, the coarse sand is 1-5 mm, the grade of concrete with the grade of C20 is 2, the requirement on raw materials is not high, and the concrete coarse aggregate is suitable for being used in vast areas.
6. The steel reinforcement framework is particularly designed, so that the small-sized canal is not easy to leak, is firm and durable, and improves the quality by more than 4 times compared with the existing water conservancy channel.
7. The U-shaped butt joint groove is formed at the butt joint position of the concrete prefabricated member, the U-shaped butt joint seam is formed after the connection, concrete (or anti-seepage bonding material) is filled in the seam, the water flow loss can be greatly reduced, and the water utilization rate is greatly improved; meanwhile, the U-shaped butt joint provides a variable space for the deformation of the canal for installing the prefabricated member due to cold and heat, and the prefabricated member is protected from being damaged.
8. The canal prefabricated member after concrete pouring can be disassembled after being cured in site, wen Dayu h and temperature are respectively equal to or higher than 2000h and temperature, and a mold cavity can be disassembled after Wen Dayu h and temperature are respectively equal to or higher than 1500h and temperature are respectively equal to or lower than 57 h and temperature in water spraying and curing, and the prefabricated member can be stacked in a concentrated manner after the mold cavity is disassembled, and can be delivered for use after being cured; by adopting the maintenance mode, the accurate maintenance of the canal prefabrication can be achieved, the quality of the canal prefabrication is improved, and the compression resistance and the tensile resistance of the canal prefabrication are enhanced; unnecessary human input can be saved, unnecessary waste of water can be avoided, and production cost is reduced.
9. The reinforcing steel bar structure comprises a second layer of reinforcing steel bars, a first layer of reinforcing steel bars, reinforcing construction steel bars and longitudinal reinforcing steel bars, wherein the second layer of reinforcing steel bars, the first layer of reinforcing steel bars and the reinforcing construction steel bars are connected to form unit components, the second layer of reinforcing steel bars are clamped between the first layer of reinforcing steel bars and the reinforcing construction steel bars, and a plurality of unit components are connected to form the reinforcing steel bar structure through the longitudinal reinforcing steel bars. The reinforcement structure is specially designed, so that the canal prefabrication is firm and durable, the quality of the canal prefabrication is improved by more than several times compared with that of the existing canal prefabrication, and the canal prefabrication can withstand heavy pressure and is not deformed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a raceway system and construction method of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a left-hand construction of a raceway engineering system and construction method of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a channel preform;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the construction of a raceway corner preform;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of a canal tee preform;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the construction of the raceway routing preform;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the construction of the canal side-through preform;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the construction of a raceway cover preform;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the rebar construction of the raceway channel preform, raceway side-pass preform, and road-passing preform;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the rebar construction of the tee pre-form of the raceway;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the rebar construction of the raceway corner preform;
the names and serial numbers of the elements in the figure are as follows: canal channel prefab 1, canal tee prefab 2, U-shaped butt joint groove 3, canal corner prefab 4, canal side is led to prefab 5, canal apron prefab 6, canal is led to prefab 7, side through-hole 8, first unit component construction reinforcing bar 9, second unit component construction reinforcing bar 10, construction reinforcing bar 11, bottom strengthening rib 12, lifting hole 13, apron and is hung row hole 14, supplementary angle 15.
Detailed Description
The present utility model will be described in further detail with reference to examples of the present utility model.
Referring to fig. 1 to 11, a canal engineering system and a construction method thereof, wherein the canal engineering system comprises a canal prefabrication 1, a canal three-way prefabrication 2, a butt joint groove 3, a canal corner prefabrication 4, a canal side-through prefabrication 5, a canal passage prefabrication 7 and a canal cover prefabrication 6; the canal channel prefab 1, the three-way prefab 2, the canal corner prefab 4, the canal side-through prefab 5, the canal passage prefab 7 and the canal cover plate prefab 6 are connected according to canal system requirements to form a canal engineering system; the canal crossing prefabricated member 7 must be matched with the canal cover plate prefabricated member 6 to form a crossing culvert; the canal passing prefabricated part 7 is provided with a supporting table, the supporting table supports the canal cover plate prefabricated part 6, and the top surface of the canal cover plate prefabricated part 6 is flush with the canal passing prefabricated part 7 to provide conditions for crossing a road; a butt joint groove 3 is arranged at the butt joint part of each prefabricated member; and the top of the canal cover plate prefabricated member 6 is provided with a cover plate discharging hole 14, and the cover plate discharging hole 14 is convenient for installing or detaching the canal cover plate prefabricated member 6.
The butt joint groove 3 is arranged on the end face of the canal prefabrication part and is U-shaped, and is called as a U-shaped butt joint groove; when two canal prefabrication ports are in butt joint, the butt joint groove 3 is filled with cement fine mortar in the U-shaped butt joint groove, so that the outflow of water quantity is reduced, the water loss is reduced, water resources are fully utilized, and meanwhile, the integrity of a canal engineering system is enhanced.
The ditch engineering system comprises a ditch prefabricated part 1, a ditch three-way prefabricated part 2, a butt joint groove 3, a ditch corner prefabricated part 4, a ditch side-through prefabricated part 5 and a ditch passage prefabricated part 7, wherein the included angles between the inner side walls of the grooves and the bottoms of the ditch side-through prefabricated parts are 95-98 degrees, chamfer transition connection is adopted, the chamfer angle is 45 degrees or 60 degrees, the chamfer angle is the angle compensation 15, the angle compensation 15 is convenient for cleaning silt, and excessive accumulation of the silt can be prevented.
The prefabricated member is formed by pouring a concrete-wrapped steel bar framework through a die, and the prefabricated member is of an inverted trapezoid structure with a slightly larger upper part and a slightly smaller lower part.
The casting mold manufacturing production process comprises the following steps:
(1) Manufacturing a mould with the same shape as the canal prefabricated part, placing the mould upside down, and pouring concrete from the bottom of the mould with the bottom upwards;
(2) Uniformly spraying (coating) release oil (agent) or filling a plastic film on the inner side of the die;
(3) The manufactured reinforcement cage is sleeved into a pouring die, and a protective layer of concrete is adjusted, the reinforcement cage is provided with stress bars according to stress conditions of the groove edge and the groove bottom, the groove edge is provided with the same internal stress and the external stress, and the groove bottom is provided with the upper stress and the lower stress, and the reinforcement cage is characterized in that: the arranged steel bars are decomposed into workable shapes, then welded into a first unit component structural steel bar 9, each unit component is welded by steel bars to form a framework of a ditch, namely structural steel bar 11, each unit component on the framework is distributed by 2 unit components 9 at two ends, the middle unit component, namely second unit component structural steel bar 10 is sparse and uniform, and reinforcing ribs 12 are added at the bottom of each unit structure. The unit construction steel bars are densely distributed at two ports of the member, the middle is sparse, the strength of the whole canal prefabrication is enhanced, the extrusion resistance of the canal prefabrication can be improved, and the fracture resistance of the hoisting hole can be improved;
(4) Placing a hole die circular tube into a reserved hole of a die side plate to obtain a hoisting hole 13, pouring required concrete, uniformly spreading the concrete to two ends from the bottom of the die, vibrating by using a direct-insert vibrator for 1-3 minutes, and trowelling the upper surface of a notch of the die after the air bubbles are discharged from the concrete; the circular tube of the hanging hole mould is removed at the initial setting of the concrete;
(5) The prefabricated components of the canal after concrete pouring can be disassembled after being cured in site, the curing time and the curing temperature reach 500h.C, the internal mold can be disassembled after the sprinkling curing time and the curing temperature reach 1500h.C, the prefabricated components are piled up intensively after the internal mold is disassembled, and the prefabricated components can be delivered for use when the curing time and the curing temperature reach over 2000 h.C.
After the in-situ casting is finished, the maintenance time can be counted in time, and the casting is finished at 11 noon, namely, the time is counted from 11 noon; taking 11 noon to 21 pm in a time period, wherein the outdoor temperature is 30 ℃ and the hour temperature is 10×30=300 h· DEG C for 10 hours; 21 pm to 9 am the next day for 12 hours, hour Wen Wei x 28=336 h·; and adding the numerical values of the two time periods, namely 300+336=636 h.DEG C is greater than 500 h.DEG C, and removing the die cover plate, the side wall die and the end cover die of the die.
Sprinkling water for maintenance, wherein the outdoor temperature is 30 ℃ from 10 a.m. to 21 a.m., and the time and temperature are 11×30=330 h·; 21 pm to 9 am, the outdoor temperature is 28 ℃, when the outdoor temperature is Wen Wei, the temperature is Wen Wei multiplied by 28=336 h; 9 to 21 in the morning, the outdoor temperature is 32 ℃, when Wen Wei 12 ×32=384 h·; 21 pm to 9 am, the outdoor temperature is 30 ℃, when Wen Wei is 12×30=360 h·; 9 to 14 points in the morning, wherein the outdoor temperature is 31 ℃, and the hour temperature is 5×31=155 h·; and accumulating the values at the stage, namely 330+336+384+360+155=1565, which is more than 1500 h.DEG C, namely dismantling the die cavity, lifting the prefabricated part from the die cavity, and stacking and curing.
Continuing maintenance, and when the accumulated value of all time and temperature reaches 2000h DEG C, from 14 pm to 21 pm, the outdoor temperature is 31 ℃, and the time and temperature is 7 multiplied by 31=217 h DEG C; 21 pm to 9 am, the outdoor temperature is 29 ℃, when Wen Wei is 12×29=348 h·; 9 to 21 in the morning, the outdoor temperature is 32 ℃, when Wen Wei 12 ×32=384 h·; 21 pm to 9 am, the outdoor temperature is 30 ℃, when Wen Wei is 12×30=360 h·; 9 to 21 in the morning, the outdoor temperature is 33 ℃, and when the outdoor temperature is Wen Wei x 33=396 h·; 21 pm to 9 am, the outdoor temperature is 30 ℃, when Wen Wei is 12×30=360 h·; the values at this stage are accumulated, namely 217+348+384+360+396+360=2065 reaches more than 2000 h.DEG C, which indicates that the curing standard is met, and the product can be shipped for use.
The canal side leads to prefab 5 be equipped with square small displacement's side through-hole 8 in lateral wall centre department, side through-hole 8 is inside narrow outside wide shape, outside size is greater than inside size 2 cm. The opening at the lower end of the side through hole is connected with the upper end line of the complementary angle, and the upper end is lower than the top 12-15 cm of the groove wall; the thickness of the mould of the side through hole is 1cm smaller than the thickness of the groove wall, namely the side through hole 8 is not communicated with the water cross section of the canal after demoulding of the mould, and the mould is punched to be communicated with the water cross section by a small hammer according to the need in practical application.
Two hoisting holes 13 are respectively formed at two ends of the prefabricated member, and are diagonally arranged. The hanging hole is provided at the position of the second unit construction bar 10 of the first unit construction bar 9 at the end, and at the lower portion of the construction bar 11.
The concrete comprises cement, coarse sand and limestone or granite, wherein the grain size of the limestone or granite is 5-30 mm, the grain size of the coarse sand is 1-5 mm, the concrete with the C20 mark is prepared from the cement, the coarse sand and the limestone or granite, and the grading is grade 2.
The unit component constructional steel bar is formed by overlapping and welding 1 larger U-shaped bar, 1 smaller U-shaped bar and 1 shorter U-shaped bar. The top of the larger U-shaped rib is provided with a hook, the hook is lapped on the smaller U-shaped rib and welded, and the reinforcing rib 12 at the bottom of the shorter U-shaped rib is welded at the superposed U-shaped bottom.
The construction method comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) clear base paying-off: taking the width which is 20-30 cm larger than the maximum width of the prefabricated member as a clear base line, and marking and scribing by adopting lime powder marks;
(2) Digging in the lime powder marking area by using an excavator or manually, reasonably stacking earthwork, leveling the bottom by using a manual work, and determining the installed side line and the bottom elevation;
(3) Hoisting the prefabricated member transported to the construction site by using an excavator, placing the hoisted prefabricated member into a base groove, aligning a side line and leveling the bottom elevation, and then removing a lifting hook;
(4) After the installation is finished, correcting the position error of the installed prefabricated member, reaching the design requirement, and reinforcing to prevent deformation;
(5) Filling a U-shaped butt joint groove at the butt joint part of the prefabricated parts with cement fine mortar, wherein the weight ratio of cement to fine sand is 1:4-5, and the mortar is well agglomerated by hand;
(6) After the joint mortar is coagulated, backfilling gaps at two sides of the prefabricated member, compacting, and transporting residual soil materials and the like.
Claims (8)
1. A construction method of a canal engineering system is characterized in that: the ditch engineering system comprises a ditch groove prefabricated part (1), a ditch three-way prefabricated part (2), a ditch corner prefabricated part (4), a ditch side-through prefabricated part (5) and a ditch passage prefabricated part (7); the canal passing prefabricated part (7) is provided with a canal cover plate prefabricated part (6); the end faces of the prefabricated members are provided with butt joint grooves (3); the canal channel prefabricated part (1), the canal three-way prefabricated part (2), the canal corner prefabricated part (4), the canal side-through prefabricated part (5) and the canal passage prefabricated part (7) are correspondingly connected according to the design requirement of the canal system, and the canal engineering system is formed by connection;
the process steps of the prefabricated part production are as follows:
(1) Manufacturing a mould with the same shape as the canal prefabricated part, placing the mould upside down, and pouring concrete from the bottom;
(2) Uniformly spraying mold release oil or filling a plastic film on the inner side of the mold;
(3) The manufactured reinforcement cage is sleeved into a pouring mold, and a protective layer of concrete is adjusted, wherein the reinforcement cage is provided with stressed bars according to the stress conditions of the edges and the bottoms of the grooves, the edges of the grooves are provided with the same stress, the bottoms of the grooves are provided with the same stress, the reinforcement cage comprises a first unit member construction steel bar 9, a second unit member construction steel bar 10, a construction steel bar 11 and a bottom reinforcing bar 12, the first unit member construction steel bar 9, the second unit member construction steel bar 10 and the bottom reinforcing bar 12 are welded to form unit members, a plurality of unit members are welded to form the reinforcement cage of the canal through the construction steel bars, the unit members distributed at the two ends of the reinforcement cage are dense, and the unit members distributed in the middle are sparse and uniform;
(4) Pouring the concrete required by pouring the components from the bottom of the die, uniformly spreading the concrete to two ends, vibrating the concrete by using a direct-insert vibrator for 1-3 minutes, and trowelling the concrete surface on the notch of the die after the air bubbles are discharged from the concrete; covering a cover plate;
(5) The prefabricated components of the canal after concrete pouring are cured on site, the side mold can be disassembled after the curing is Wen Dayu h.C, the internal mold can be disassembled after the water spraying curing is up to 1500h.C, the prefabricated components are piled up intensively after the internal mold is disassembled, and the prefabricated components can be delivered for use after the curing is up to more than 2000 h.C;
the construction method adopted by the system comprises the following steps:
(1) and (3) clear base paying-off: taking the width which is 20-30 cm larger than the maximum width of the prefabricated member as a clear base line, and marking and scribing by adopting lime powder marks;
(2) digging in the lime powder marking area by using an excavator or manually, reasonably stacking earthwork, leveling the bottom by using a manual work, and determining the installed side line and the bottom elevation;
(3) hoisting the prefabricated member transported to the construction site by using an excavator, placing the hoisted prefabricated member into a base groove, aligning a side line and leveling the bottom elevation, and then removing a lifting hook;
(4) after the installation is finished, correcting the position error of the installed prefabricated member, reaching the design requirement, and reinforcing to prevent deformation;
(5) filling a butt joint groove at the butt joint part of the prefabricated parts with cement fine mortar, wherein the weight ratio of cement to fine sand is 1:4-5, and the mortar is well agglomerated by hand;
(6) after the joint mortar is coagulated, backfilling gaps at two sides of the prefabricated member, compacting, and transporting residual soil materials and the like.
2. The method of constructing a raceway engineering system according to claim 1, wherein: the prefabricated member is composed of a steel reinforcement framework and concrete, and the steel reinforcement framework is wrapped by the concrete.
3. The method of constructing a raceway engineering system according to claim 1, wherein: the prefabricated member is manufactured and molded after concrete is poured in the mold, and the water passing section shape of the prefabricated member groove is of an inverted trapezoid structure.
4. The method of constructing a raceway engineering system according to claim 1, wherein: the time and temperature are time multiplied by outdoor temperature, the time unit is hour, the time value is a positive integer which is more than or equal to 16, the outdoor temperature unit is the temperature, and the outdoor temperature is more than or equal to 20 ℃; and the outdoor temperature is a positive integer.
5. The method of constructing a raceway engineering system according to claim 1, wherein: the included angle between the inner side wall of the groove of the prefabricated member and the bottom is 95-98 degrees, and the angle of the chamfer is 45-60 degrees by adopting chamfer transition connection.
6. The method of constructing a raceway engineering system according to claim 1, wherein: and the prefabricated parts are provided with hoisting holes (13).
7. The method of constructing a raceway engineering system according to claim 1, wherein: the canal side is led to prefab (5) and is equipped with square small displacement's side through-hole (8) in lateral wall centre department, side through-hole (8) are inside narrow outside wide shape.
8. The method of constructing a raceway engineering system according to claim 1, wherein: the concrete comprises cement, coarse sand and limestone or granite, wherein the grain size of the limestone or granite is 5-30 mm, the grain size of the coarse sand is 1-5 mm, the concrete with the C20 mark is prepared from the cement, the coarse sand and the limestone or granite, and the grading is grade 2.
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| CN111691366B (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2022-08-19 | 萧县威辰机电工程设备有限公司 | Farmland hydraulic engineering's rapid Assembly formula ditch |
| CN114790723A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2022-07-26 | 湖南省水利水电科学研究院 | High-strength high-flow-rate reinforced concrete channel and installation method |
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