CN107467426A - 一种金银花饮品的制备方法 - Google Patents
一种金银花饮品的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/02—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation containing fruit or vegetable juices
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/02—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation containing fruit or vegetable juices
- A23L2/04—Extraction of juices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
- A23L2/60—Sweeteners
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/20—Removal of unwanted matter, e.g. deodorisation or detoxification
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/30—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation
- A23L5/32—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation using phonon wave energy, e.g. sound or ultrasonic waves
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- Nutrition Science (AREA)
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- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种金银花饮品的制备方法。本发明以金银花为主料,配以甘草、菊花、山楂、胖大海、枸杞等药材,通过科学合理的搭配,利用超声波提取工艺进行提取,该工艺条件温和、用时短、易操作、提取率高。该金银花饮品的制备方法不仅保留了药材的有效成分,而且很好的保留了其风味与营养。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种保健饮品的制备方法,具体地涉及一种金银花饮品的制备方法。
背景技术
金银花自古被誉为清热解毒的良药,具有中药抗生素、“绿色抗菌素”之称。金银花含有绿原酸、异绿原酸等药理活性成分,性平,寒气芳香,甘寒清热而不伤胃,芳香透达又可祛邪。金银花为常用名贵中药材之一,其临床用途非常广泛。另外金银花除含有药效成分外,还含有丰富的营养物质,其氨基酸含量在8%左右,并且种类齐全,水溶性糖含量在18%以上,还含有锰、铬、镍、铜、锌、钴、硅、铁等人体必需元素,具有重要的营养保健价值,可应用于保健食品、保健饮料等。
枸杞子药食同源的历史悠久,是驰名中外的名贵中药材。枸杞子中含有多种氨基酸,并含有枸杞多糖、甜菜碱,玉蜀黍黄素、酸浆果红素等特殊营养成分,其中枸杞中的多糖是经提取而得到的一种水溶性多糖,经研究表明,枸杞多糖是枸杞调节免疫、延缓衰老的主要活性成分,可改善老年人易疲劳、食欲不振和视力模糊等症状,并具有将血脂、抗脂肪肝、抗衰老等作用。随着人们保健意识增强、生活水平的提高,保健饮料、食品消费量逐年增加,人们比以往任何时候都更加关注自身生活和生命质量,消费绿色保健食品正在成为国际趋势。
而传统的植物提取方法有:浸渍法、回流提取法、乙醇提取醇沉法、煎煮法等。它们各自的优缺点为:
浸渍法:优点是可用于遇热不稳定或含大量淀粉、树胶、果胶、粘液质的中药。劣势:提取时间长、浸出率低、提取液易发霉变质。
回流提取法优点在于适用范围广泛,并且操作非常简单,可以得到大部分的有效物质。缺点在于:对水不溶于水的有机成分难以提取,并且效率低、资源浪费严重。
乙醇提取法优点是以乙醇为有机溶剂,虽易燃,但毒性小,价格便宜,来源方便,可回收反复使用,而且乙醇的提取液不易发霉变质。缺点是:在蒸发乙醇的时候产生的乙醇蒸汽易燃,存在安全隐患。
鉴于上述对比,急需开发出一种不破坏绿原酸、枸杞多糖的金银花饮品制备工艺。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中存在的上述问题,本发明提供了一种用时短、易操作、提取率高,不仅保留了药材的有效成分,而且很好的保留了其风味与营养的金银花饮品的制备方法。
本发明所述的金银花饮品的制备方法包括以下步骤:
S1:按重量份取金银花7-10份、甘草1-3份、菊花2-4份、枸杞6-8份、胖大海3-5份、山楂3-5份,,按料液重量比1:10~25加入水,调节pH值,浸润;
S2:保温在70~90℃条件下,超声提取20-40分钟,过滤并合并滤液;
S3:将步骤S2所得滤液经4000~5000r/min离心机离心,取上清液过0.2~0.5Mpa的硅藻土过滤机,再过200~300目袋式过滤器,收集滤液;
S4:将步骤S3所得滤液浓缩至相对密度在1.05-1.10间,往浓缩液中加入乙醇,使含醇量达到45-55%,冷藏,取上清液减压回收乙醇;优选地,冷藏时间为24±3小时。优选地,所述乙醇的体积浓度为95%。
S5:将步骤S4提取液与适量水混匀后低压均质,加入甜味剂、pH值调节剂,定容、灌装、轧盖、灭菌。
本发明进一步地,所述步骤S1中按如下重量份取金银花8份、甘草1份、菊花2份、枸杞6份、胖大海3份、山楂3份。
本发明优选地,所述步骤S1中pH值调节范围4~6,浸润时间为30~50min。
本发明优选地,所述步骤S2中超声功率为150~250W,超声提取的次数为2~3次,第1次40min,第2~3次,每次30min。
本发明更优选地,所述步骤S2中超声提取3次,第1次40min,第2~3次,每次30min。
本发明优选地,所述步骤S3中在经硅藻土过滤机过滤前,在所述上清液中加入硅藻土,搅匀20~30min,其中所述上清液与硅藻土重量比为5:1;所述硅藻土过滤机的压力条件为0.2~0.5MPa。
本发明优选地,所述步骤S5中甜味剂为白砂糖,其添加量为50-60重量份。所述步骤S5中pH值调节剂为和/或柠檬酸钠,其添加总量为0.01~0.02重量份。
本发明优选地,所述步骤S5中pH调节剂在加入前先用70℃~90℃蒸馏水溶解。
本发明更优选地,所述步骤S5中采用低压均质,均质的压力范围为10~15Mpa,均质的次数为2~3次;所述水的温度为45-55℃。
本发明更优选地,所述步骤S5中采用水浴高温灭菌,灭菌的温度范围105~120℃,灭菌时间为20~30min。
本发明在以金银花为主料,配以甘草、菊花、山楂、胖大海、枸杞等药材,通过科学合理的搭配,利用超声波提取工艺进行提取(主要成分为绿原酸和多糖,考虑其不耐热性),再添加白砂糖进行口味调节,经灌装、灭菌后即得金银花饮品。本发明采用先进的提取工艺,首先将植物材料粉碎后,然后通过水浸润,再采用超声波提取方法进行药材的提取、提纯,最后进行调配。该工艺条件温和、用时短、易操作、提取率高。不仅保留了药材的有效成分,而且很好的保留了其风味与营养。
本发明采用纯天然药食同源植物原料,不添加任何防腐剂和色素,并采用终端高温灭菌的方式,在保证产品风味的同时,稳定性好,质量安全可控。
本发明使用6味药食两用药材进行科学、合理搭配,其中,性寒药材2味:金银花,胖大海;性平药材两味:菊花,甘草;性辛药材一味:山楂;性甘药材1味,枸杞。本配方温寒适中,不温不燥,无毒副作用;具有生津止渴、清热解暑、清肝明目、补脾益气、美容养颜之功效,尤其是学生常在彻夜温习功课之后,电脑族网上作业之后,手机族长期用眼之后,都容易出现眼睛疲劳、身体乏力、肝火旺的毛病,常喝本品能改善身心健康,缓解以上的症状。是学生族、上班族、电脑族、手机族远离亚健康状态必备的健康饮品。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体的实施例进一步阐述本发明,但这些实施例仅仅用于更详细说明之用,而不应用于以任何形式限制本发明。以下重量份的单位是g或kg。
实施例1
一、本发明的金银花饮品的制备方法
(1)将金银花7份、甘草1份、菊花2份、枸杞6份、胖大海3份、山楂3份放入提取罐,料液比(药材与水比重)为1:10,调节溶液pH为5,在80℃条件下,浸润30~50分钟后;
(2)保持温度为80℃,超声功率200w,提取3次,第1次40分钟,第2~3次,每次30分钟,用板框过滤器过滤,收集并合并3次滤液;
(3)将步骤(2)所得滤液经4000~5000r/min高速离心机离心10分钟,将上清液与硅藻土按重量比5:1混合,搅匀30分钟后,过0.2~0.5Mpa的硅藻土过滤机,再过200~300目袋式过滤器,收集滤液;
(4)将滤液浓缩至原体积的1/4,往浓缩液中加入95%乙醇,使含醇量达到50-55%,冷藏24小时后,取上清液减压回收乙醇;
(5)步骤(4)所得将提取液与适量热水混匀后,进行10~15Mpa的低压均质两次后打入配制罐;将50份白砂糖、0.01份柠檬酸溶液(先用70℃热水溶解)加入配制罐,定容,搅拌30分钟后进行灌装、轧盖,经105℃高温水浴灭菌30min。
对比例1
将金银花7份、甘草1份、菊花2份、枸杞6份、胖大海3份、山楂3份放入提取罐,料液比(药材与水比重)为1:10,调节溶液pH为5,在80℃条件下,浸润30~50分钟后,超声功率200w,提取3次,第1次40分钟,第2~3次,每次30分钟,用板框过滤器过滤,收集并合并3次滤液,将过滤液与适量热水混匀后,进行10~15Mpa的低压均质两次后打入配制罐;将50份白砂糖、0.01份柠檬酸溶液(先用70℃热水溶解)加入配制罐,定容,搅拌30分钟后进行灌装、轧盖,经105℃高温水浴灭菌30min。
实施例2
(1)将金银花8份、甘草1份、菊花2份、枸杞6份、胖大海3份、山楂3份放入提取罐,料液比(药材与水比重)为1:10,调节溶液pH为5,在80℃条件下,浸润30~50分钟后;
(2)保持温度为80℃,超声功率200w,提取3次,第1次40分钟,第2~3次,每次30分钟,用板框过滤器过滤,收集并合并3次滤液;
(3)将步骤(2)所得滤液经4000~5000r/min高速离心机离心10分钟,将上清液与硅藻土按重量比5:1混合,搅匀30分钟后,过0.2~0.5Mpa的硅藻土过滤机,再过200~300目袋式过滤器,收集滤液;
(4)将滤液浓缩至原体积的1/4,往浓缩液中加入95%乙醇,使含醇量达到50-55%,冷藏24小时后,取上清液减压回收乙醇;
(5)步骤(4)所得将提取液与适量热水混匀后,进行10~15Mpa的低压均质两次后打入配制罐;将50份白砂糖、0.01份柠檬酸溶液(先用70℃热水溶解)加入配制罐,定容,搅拌30分钟后进行灌装、轧盖,经105℃高温水浴灭菌30min。
对比例2
将金银花8份、甘草1份、菊花2份、枸杞6份、胖大海3份、山楂3份放入提取罐,料液比(药材与水比重)为1:10,调节溶液pH为5,在80℃条件下,浸润30~50分钟后,超声功率200w,提取3次,第1次40分钟,第2~3次,每次30分钟,用板框过滤器过滤,收集并合并3次滤液,将过滤液与适量热水混匀后,进行10~15Mpa的低压均质两次后打入配制罐;将50份白砂糖、0.01份柠檬酸溶液(先用70℃热水溶解)加入配制罐,定容,搅拌30分钟后进行灌装、轧盖,经105℃高温水浴灭菌30min。
实施例3
(1)将金银花9份、甘草1份、菊花2份、枸杞6份、胖大海3份、山楂3份放入提取罐,料液比(药材与水比重)为1:10,调节溶液pH为5,在80℃条件下,浸润30~50分钟后;
(2)保持温度为80℃,超声功率200w,提取3次,第1次40分钟,第2~3次,每次30分钟,用板框过滤器过滤,收集并合并3次滤液;
(3)将步骤(2)所得滤液经4000~5000r/min高速离心机离心10分钟,将上清液与硅藻土按重量比5:1混合,搅匀30分钟后,过0.2~0.5Mpa的硅藻土过滤机,再过200~300目袋式过滤器,收集滤液;
(4)将滤液浓缩至原体积的1/4,往浓缩液中加入95%乙醇,使含醇量达到50-55%,冷藏24小时后,取上清液减压回收乙醇;
(5)步骤(4)所得将提取液与适量热水混匀后,进行10~15Mpa的低压均质两次后打入配制罐;将50份白砂糖、0.01份柠檬酸溶液(先用70℃热水溶解)加入配制罐,定容,搅拌30分钟后进行灌装、轧盖,经105℃高温水浴灭菌30min。
对比例3
将金银花9份、甘草1份、菊花2份、枸杞6份、胖大海3份、山楂3份放入提取罐,料液比(药材与水比重)为1:10,调节溶液pH为5,在80℃条件下,浸润30~50分钟后,超声功率200w,提取3次,第1次40分钟,第2~3次,每次30分钟,用板框过滤器过滤,收集并合并3次滤液,将过滤液与适量热水混匀后,进行10~15Mpa的低压均质两次后打入配制罐;将50份白砂糖、0.01份柠檬酸溶液(先用70℃热水溶解)加入配制罐,定容,搅拌30分钟后进行灌装、轧盖,经105℃高温水浴灭菌30min。
表1实施例1~3与对比例1~3的试验结果
通过表1以上对照试验可知,本发明实施例1~3所获得金银花饮品中绿原酸含量明显高于对照例1~3中的含量。因此可知本发明实施例1~3的制备方法不仅保留了药材的有效成分,而且很好的保留了其风味与营养。
效果例
表2市售金银花饮料与本专利实施例1饮品的绿原酸含量测试对比
注:本次效果例的绿原酸检测的方法为高效液相色谱法,故实际含量应高于设置的灵敏度以上方可出峰,若实际含量低于设置的灵敏度以下则含量低于设置值,并不代表含量为零。
通过表2的含量测试可知,本发明实施例1的金银花饮品中绿原酸含量明显高于市售金银花饮料中绿原酸含量。因此可知本发明制备方法获得金银花饮品相对于其他市售产品的制备方法所获得的金银花饮料不仅保留药材的有效成分,而且很好的保留了其风味与营养。
显然,本发明的上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明本发明所作的举例,而并非是对本发明的实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。凡是属于本发明的技术方案所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明的保护范围之列。
Claims (10)
1.一种金银花饮品的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
S1:按重量份取金银花7-10份、甘草1-3份、菊花2-4份、枸杞6-8份、胖大海3-5份、山楂3-5份,按料液重量比1:10~25加入水,调节pH值,浸润;
S2:保温在70~90℃条件下,超声提取,过滤并合并滤液;
S3:将步骤S2所得滤液经4000~5000r/min离心机离心,取上清液过硅藻土过滤机,再过100~300目袋式过滤器,收集滤液;
S4:将步骤S3所得滤液浓缩至相对密度在1.05-1.10间,往浓缩液中加入乙醇,使含醇量达到45-55%,冷藏,取上清液减压回收乙醇;
S5:将步骤S4提取液与适量水混匀后低压均质,加入甜味剂、pH值调节剂,定容、灌装、轧盖、灭菌。
2.根据权利要求1所述的金银花饮品的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S1中按如下重量份取金银花8份、甘草1份、菊花2份、枸杞6份、胖大海3份、山楂3份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的金银花饮品的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S1中pH值调节范围4~6,在70~90℃条件下浸润时间为20~30min。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的金银花饮品的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S2中超声功率为150~250W,超声提取的次数为2~3次,每次提取时间为20~40min。
5.根据权利要求4所述的金银花饮品的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S2中超声提取3次,第1次40min,第2~3次,每次30min。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的金银花饮品的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S3中在经硅藻土过滤机过滤前,在所述上清液中加入硅藻土,搅匀20~30min,其中所述上清液与硅藻土重量比为5:1;所述硅藻土过滤机的压力条件为0.2~0.5MPa。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的金银花饮品的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S5中甜味剂为白砂糖,其添加量为50-60重量份;所述步骤S5中pH值调节剂为柠檬酸和/或柠檬酸钠,其添加总量为0.01~0.02重量份。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的金银花饮品的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S5中pH调节剂在加入前先用70℃~90℃蒸馏水溶解。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的金银花饮品的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S5中采用低压均质,均质的压力范围为10~15Mpa,均质的次数为2~3次;所述水的温度为45-55℃。
10.根据权利要求1或2所述的金银花饮品的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤S5中采用水浴高温灭菌,灭菌的温度范围105~120℃,灭菌时间为20~30min。
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CN113786438A (zh) * | 2021-09-15 | 2021-12-14 | 尹帅 | 一种金银花凉白开的制备方法 |
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