CN107466776A - A kind of implantation methods of citrus - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of citrus Download PDFInfo
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- CN107466776A CN107466776A CN201710803094.XA CN201710803094A CN107466776A CN 107466776 A CN107466776 A CN 107466776A CN 201710803094 A CN201710803094 A CN 201710803094A CN 107466776 A CN107466776 A CN 107466776A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/042—Adding fertiliser to watering systems
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids
- A01N37/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system
- A01N37/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a singly bound oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same carbon skeleton, this oxygen or sulfur atom not being a member of a carboxylic group or of a thio analogue, or of a derivative thereof, e.g. hydroxy-carboxylic acids having at least one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to an aromatic ring system having at least one carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and one oxygen or sulfur atom attached to the same aromatic ring system
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/36—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings
- A01N43/38—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom five-membered rings condensed with carbocyclic rings
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- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N47/18—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing a —O—CO—N< group, or a thio analogue thereof, directly attached to a heterocyclic or cycloaliphatic ring
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- A01N59/16—Heavy metals; Compounds thereof
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
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- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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- C05B17/00—Other phosphatic fertilisers, e.g. soft rock phosphates, bone meal
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- C05D1/00—Fertilisers containing potassium
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of implantation methods of citrus, belongs to crop technical field.This implantation methods includes seedling：Hole is opened, applies the 15kg of organic fertilizer 10, the 30kg of water 20 in each hole, then plants citrus plant, the organic fertilizer is charcoal and the bacillus being carried on charcoal.Fertilising and irrigation：Fertilizer is mixed with water and irrigated, the mass ratio of the fertilizer and the water is 1：(4 10), the fertilizer include nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and bentonite.Dispenser：According to mass ratio it is (50 100) by water and agricultural chemicals:1 proportional arrangement carries out dispenser, and the agricultural chemicals includes heteroauxin, carbendazim, Tabasco, potassium permanganate, sodium salicylate, AVM, balsam pear leaf juice and cypermethrin.The citrus survival rate of plant of this implantation methods plantation is high, nutritious, and orange yield is high, and nutritive value is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to crop technical field, in particular to a kind of implantation methods of citrus.
Background technology
China is Orange Producing big country in the world, and Citrus Industry is China's Major agro-industry, is accounted in agricultural economy
Have and its consequence, played in increasing peasant income, increase social employment and building Socialist New is promoted extremely heavy
The effect wanted.
With the pollution in soil, the survival rate of plant of present citrus plantation is not high, even if survival, also due to fertilizer structure
It is single, and growing way is bad with making plant, influences the yield of citrus.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of implantation methods of citrus, improve the survival rate of citrus plant, plant citrus
Strain growth is more preferable, with improving citrus yield.
The present invention is realized using following technical scheme：
A kind of implantation methods of citrus, comprise the following steps：
Seedling：Hole is opened, applies organic fertilizer 10-15kg, water 20-30kg in each hole, then plants citrus plant, organic fertilizer is
Charcoal and the bacillus being carried on charcoal.
Fertilising and irrigation：Fertilizer is mixed with water and irrigated, the mass ratio of fertilizer and water is 1：(4-10), fertilizer includes
Nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and bentonite.
Dispenser：According to mass ratio it is (50-100) by water and agricultural chemicals:1 proportional arrangement carries out dispenser, and agricultural chemicals includes indoles
Acetic acid, carbendazim, Tabasco, potassium permanganate, sodium salicylate, AVM, balsam pear leaf juice and cypermethrin.
The beneficial effect of implantation methods for the citrus that presently preferred embodiments of the present invention provides is：After hole is opened, just cheating
Middle application organic fertilizer and water, citrus plant fertilizer deficiency, the water shortage of plantation are avoided, improve the survival rate of citrus plant, meanwhile, gemma bar
The main function of Pseudomonas is to kill the harmful levels of pathogens in soil, promotes the absorption of citrus plant pair charcoal, improves citrus plant
Survival rate, make its growing way preferable.When irrigation with fertilising, irrigated after water is mixed with fertilizer, can be disposable
Citrus plant is kept the skin wet and fertilizer, improves operating efficiency, simultaneously as fertilizer mixes with water, make fertilizer be more prone to by
Citrus plant absorbs, and growing way is more preferable, and also more uniformly, the waste and fertilizer for avoiding fertilizer apply inequality for the application of fertilizer.Finally,
Apply agricultural chemicals, avoid citrus plant and fruit that insect pest occurs, improve the yield of citrus.
Embodiment
, below will be in the embodiment of the present invention to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer
Technical scheme be clearly and completely described.Unreceipted actual conditions person, builds according to normal condition or manufacturer in embodiment
The condition of view is carried out.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, it is the conventional production that can be obtained by commercially available purchase
Product.
The implantation methods of the citrus of the embodiment of the present invention are specifically described below.
The implantation methods of citrus comprise the following steps：
1st, seedling：Hole is opened, applies organic fertilizer 10-15kg, water 20-30kg in each hole, then plant citrus plant, organic fertilizer
For charcoal and the bacillus being carried on charcoal.
Main usage mining machine carries out out hole when opening hole, and the depth that hole is controlled by excavator is 0.5-0.6m, hole
Mouthful a diameter of 0.7-0.8m, be advantageous to the Root Absorption underground moisture of citrus plant, improve survival rate, between two neighboring hole
Distance be 2-3m, each plant is absorbed the sunlight of abundance, improve the yield of citrus.Usage mining machine makes the big of hole
Small and depth is more uniform, and the depth of plantation citrus plant is consistent, makes the growing way of citrus plant identical, will not be sent out between each plant
It is raw to influence.
After hole is opened, just apply organic fertilizer and water in hole, avoid citrus plant fertilizer deficiency, the water shortage of plantation, improve mandarin orange
The survival rate of tangerine plant, meanwhile, the main function of bacillus is to kill the harmful levels of pathogens in soil, promotes citrus plant pair
The absorption of charcoal, the survival rate of citrus plant is improved, makes its growing way preferable.
In the present invention, bacillus is selected from bacillus licheniformis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus laterosporus, colloid
At least one of bacillus and bacillus coagulans.
Wherein：Bacillus licheniformis can it is disease-resistant, kill harmful bacteria, avoid the root system of citrus plant from being invaded by harmful bacteria
Disturb；Bacillus amyloliquefaciens secrete antibacterial material, promote plant growth, avoid citrus plant that pest and disease damage occurs, and promote citrus to plant
The growth of the new root system of strain, improve the survival rate of plant；Bacillus laterosporus promoting root growth, sterilization and degraded heavy metal, can improve
Land resource；Colloid bacillus cereus has Soluble phosphorus, Potassium release and fixed nitrogen function, secretes a variety of enzymes, and enhancing crop is supported to some diseases
Drag, make citrus plant growing way more preferable；Bacillus coagulans can reduce the pernicious gases such as ammonia in environment, hydrogen sulfide, improve
The content of amino acid in fruit, increase the nutritive value of citrusfruit.
Preferably, the preparation method of organic fertilizer is：Bacillus bacterium is inoculated in culture medium and obtains bacterium solution, by bacterium solution
Isolated precipitation after charcoal is carried on, precipitation is air-dried and obtained.
Inoculation includes inoculation for the first time and second is inoculated with, and inoculation for the first time is that bacillus bacterium is inoculated in into solid training
Base is supported, 20-30h is cultivated in the case of 35-39 DEG C and obtains bacterium colony, miscellaneous bacteria therein can be filtered out, and examine strain
Activity, obtained bacterium colony are the high bacillus bacterium of activity.Second inoculation be by colony inoculation in fluid nutrient medium,
35-39 DEG C, concussion speed be 180-220r/min in the case of cultivate 18-25h obtain bacterium solution.Expand the breeding of bacillus bacterium
Increase, be easy to subsequently be carried on charcoal.Preferably, inoculative proportion 5%.
It is first to mix charcoal and aluminium glue in centrifuge tube that bacterium solution is carried on into charcoal, bacterium solution is added, in 30-35
DEG C, concussion speed be 100-140r/min in the case of cultivate 0.5-2h obtain bacterial manure bacterium solution.Preferably, take charcoal 0.1g in
In 50ml open centrifuge tube, add 15ml aluminium glues and be well mixed, add the bacterial solution 10ml that pH value is 7.0.By centrifuge tube
0.5-2h is shaken in the case where 30-35 DEG C, concussion speed is 100-140r/min and carries out concussion adsorption experiment, obtains gemma bar
Pseudomonas bacterium solution.
By the isolated precipitation of bacillus bacterium solution, it is preferable that can be separated by the way of centrifugation.By bacterial manure bacterium
Liquid is centrifuged under conditions of rotating speed is 4000-6000r/min, removes supernatant liquor, the bacterial manure in centrifuge tube is turned
Move to air-dry under conditions of 35-40 DEG C on filter paper and obtain organic fertilizer.Air-dried temperature is relatively low, avoids bacillus bacterium from losing
It is living.
Charcoal is rich in micropore, easily assembles nutriment and beneficial microbe, bacillus bacterium are more prone to load
In on charcoal, its load capacity is higher, while charcoal phosphorus content is high, can not only promote the microbial growth of load, can also mend
The content of organics of soil is filled, soil is become fertile, promotes the guarantor of moisture and nutriment to store and coordinate, effectively improves soil fertilizer
Power, and carbon can be locked in biota with soil, not only act as the effect of carbon fixation and emission reduction.And it is beneficial to plant growth,
Agricultural is allowed to have more continuation while realizing volume increase.
Preferably, charcoal is fired and formed under anoxic conditions by agricultural organic waste or animal wastes.It comes respectively
Plant or animal are come from, and abundance, cost are low.Wherein, agricultural organic waste includes maize straw, rice straw and straw
Deng.More preferably, charcoal is corn charcoal or cow dung charcoal.
2nd, fertilising and irrigation：Fertilizer is mixed with water and irrigated, the mass ratio of fertilizer and water is 1：(4-10), fertilizer bag
Include nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and bentonite.
When irrigation with fertilising, irrigated, disposably citrus plant can be supplemented after water is mixed with fertilizer
Moisture and fertilizer, operating efficiency is improved, simultaneously as fertilizer mixes with water, makes fertilizer be more prone to be absorbed by citrus plant, it is long
Gesture is more preferable, and also more uniformly, the waste and fertilizer for avoiding fertilizer apply inequality for the application of fertilizer.
Fertilizer in parts by weight, including nitrogenous fertilizer 40-50 parts, phosphate fertilizer 3-8 parts, potash fertilizer 4-10 parts and bentonite 2-6 parts.Keep away
Exempt from plant and lack nutrition, meanwhile, bentonitic addition, soil can be improved, solve the problems, such as that chemical fertilizer makes soil hardening.
Meanwhile fertilizer also includes bone meal 5-10 parts, mineral powder 3-8 parts and humic acid 1-3 parts.The species of abundant fertilizer, it is
The growth of citrus provides more preferable nutrition.The interaction of various nutrients in fertilizer, new nutrient can be produced, promote citrus to plant
The growth of strain, improve the nutritive value of citrusfruit.
Fertilising and irrigation are carried out several times, depending on the weather condition of locality.In the present invention, carried out using drip irrigation, will
Water and fertilizer are mixed according to correspondingly ratio, are conducted into irrigation pipe, and irrigation pipe at 0.15-0.2m, is irrigated with being embedded to citrus
Multiple discharge outlet are provided with pipe, water and fertilizer mixed liquor are discharged into citrus ground by discharge outlet.
In the present invention, catch is provided with discharge outlet, detection citrus is installed on catch the sensor of water content, sensing
Device is electrically connected with the controller, and controller electrically connects with the motor of control catch motion.When sensor with detecting citrus water shortage
When (moisture is not more than 10wt%), pass information to controller, the operating of controller controlled motor, motor control catch
Motion, the discharge outlet of irrigation pipe is opened, water and fertilizer are from discharge outlet inflow citrus；When water and fertilizer have a certain amount with
Afterwards, sensor with detecting citrus moisture abundance when (moisture is not more than 50wt%), pass information to controller,
Controller controlled motor operates, and the motion of motor control catch, the discharge outlet of irrigation pipe is closed.
3rd, dispenser：According to mass ratio it is (100-200) by water and agricultural chemicals:1 proportional arrangement carries out dispenser, and agricultural chemicals includes Yin
Indolylbutyric acid, carbendazim, Tabasco, potassium permanganate, sodium salicylate, AVM, balsam pear leaf juice and cypermethrin.
Carry out dispenser when citrus blossom fall result, use spraying machine when dispenser, set on the spout of spraying machine
There is optical sensor, optical sensor can monitor weather when dispenser, and dispenser, agriculture are carried out under sunny irradiation
Moisture in medicine can rapid evaporation, agricultural chemicals stays on Citrus leaf and fruit, kills pest and disease damage, avoid agricultural chemicals by rain drop erosion
Fall, cause to waste.
Specifically, agricultural chemicals in parts by weight, including heteroauxin 1-3 parts, carbendazim 1-2 parts, Tabasco 2-3 parts, height
Potassium manganate 3-4 parts, sodium salicylate 1-2 parts, AVM 1-2 parts, balsam pear leaf juice 4-6 parts and cypermethrin 1-2 parts.Agricultural chemicals each group
The synergy divided, makes the concentration of agricultural chemicals pest and disease damage can be killed in the case of less, avoids the waste of agricultural chemicals, also avoid
Injury of the agricultural chemicals to human body.
Wherein：Tabasco is according to 1 by capsicum and water:Filtrate is filtered to take after the ratio co-grinding of (1-1.2), makes capsicum
Element can well into moisture, play a part of kill pest and disease damage.Balsam pear leaf juice is to put the balsampear leaf of 5-10 parts by weight
Enter to carry out decoction 1-2h in the water of 20-40 parts by weight and filter to take filtrate so that the active ingredient of balsampear leaf is entered in water, finally
Obtained agricultural chemicals has the function that to prevent and treat pest and disease damage well.
4th, the trimming of citrus branch：Shear knife is connected on gasoline engine.Need what is trimmed using image processing techniques identification
Branch, signal is passed into gasoline engine by controller, gasoline engine work makes shear knife shear corresponding branch, and it is unnecessary to avoid
Branch has an impact to citrus result, improves the yield of citrus.
5th, pluck, the citrusfruit harvested.
The citrusfruit that the implantation methods of above-mentioned citrus plant to obtain is larger, bright, can quickly be sold,
Meanwhile it is nutritious, the value of citrus is higher.
Embodiment 1
Bacillus manufacture organic fertilizer is loaded on charcoal；
Nitrogenous fertilizer 40kg, phosphate fertilizer 3kg, potash fertilizer 4kg and bentonite 2kg are mixed and be fabricated to fertilizer；
By heteroauxin 1kg, carbendazim 1kg, Tabasco 2kg, potassium permanganate 3kg, sodium salicylate 1kg, AVM
1kg, balsam pear leaf juice 4kg and cypermethrin 1kg are mixed with agricultural chemicals；
Usage mining machine opens hole, applies above-mentioned organic fertilizer 10kg, water 20kg in each hole, then citrus plant is put into hole
Middle plantation, mulching soil, according to mass ratio it is 1 by above-mentioned fertilizer and water:4 ratio mixing, to citrus by way of drip irrigation
Plant applies moisture and fertilizer, according to mass ratio is 100 by water and above-mentioned agricultural chemicals:1 proportional arrangement simultaneously applies to citrus plant
Agricultural chemicals.Wait citrusfruit ripe after plantation, harvesting.
Embodiment 2
Bacillus bacterium is inoculated in solid medium for the first time, 25h is cultivated in the case of 37 DEG C and obtains bacterium colony, then
Bacterium colony is inoculated in fluid nutrient medium for the second time, cultivating 20h in the case where 37 DEG C, concussion speed is 200r/min obtains bacterium
Liquid, charcoal and aluminium glue are mixed in centrifuge tube, add bacterium solution, trained in the case where 33 DEG C, concussion speed is 120r/min
Foster 1h obtains bacterial manure bacterium solution, after by its rotating speed be 5000r/min under conditions of centrifuge, remove layer and be deposited under conditions of 37 DEG C
Air-dry and obtain organic fertilizer；
Nitrogenous fertilizer 50kg, phosphate fertilizer 8kg, potash fertilizer 10kg, bentonite 6kg, bone meal 5kg, mineral powder 3kg and humic acid 1kg are mixed
It is combined and is fabricated to fertilizer；
By heteroauxin 3kg, carbendazim 2kg, Tabasco 3kg, potassium permanganate 4kg, sodium salicylate 2kg, AVM
2kg, balsam pear leaf juice 6kg and cypermethrin 2kg are mixed with agricultural chemicals；
Usage mining machine opens hole, applies above-mentioned organic fertilizer 15kg, water 30kg in each hole, then citrus plant is put into hole
Middle plantation, mulching soil, according to mass ratio it is 1 by above-mentioned fertilizer and water:10 ratio mixing, to citrus by way of drip irrigation
Plant applies moisture and fertilizer, according to mass ratio is 200 by water and above-mentioned agricultural chemicals:1 proportional arrangement simultaneously applies to citrus plant
Agricultural chemicals, unnecessary branch is sheared further according to the growing state of plant.Wait citrusfruit ripe after plantation, harvesting.
Embodiment 3
Bacillus bacterium is inoculated in solid medium for the first time, 20h is cultivated in the case of 35 DEG C and obtains bacterium colony, then
Bacterium colony is inoculated in fluid nutrient medium for the second time, cultivating 18h in the case where 35 DEG C, concussion speed is 180r/min obtains bacterium
Liquid, charcoal and aluminium glue are mixed in centrifuge tube, add bacterium solution, trained in the case where 30 DEG C, concussion speed is 100r/min
Foster 0.5h obtains bacterial manure bacterium solution, after by its rotating speed be 4000r/min under conditions of centrifuge, remove the condition that layer is deposited in 35 DEG C
Lower air-dry obtains organic fertilizer；
Nitrogenous fertilizer 45kg, phosphate fertilizer 5kg, potash fertilizer 5kg, bentonite 5kg, bone meal 10kg, mineral powder 8kg and humic acid 3kg are mixed
It is combined and is fabricated to fertilizer；
By heteroauxin 2kg, carbendazim 1.5kg, Tabasco 2.5kg, potassium permanganate 3.5kg, sodium salicylate 1.5kg, Ah
Dimension rhzomorph 1.5kg, balsam pear leaf juice 5kg and cypermethrin 1.5kg are mixed with agricultural chemicals；
Usage mining machine opens hole, applies above-mentioned organic fertilizer 12kg, water 22kg in each hole, then citrus plant is put into hole
Middle plantation, mulching soil, according to mass ratio it is 1 by above-mentioned fertilizer and water:8 ratio mixing, to citrus by way of drip irrigation
Plant applies moisture and fertilizer, according to mass ratio is 180 by water and above-mentioned agricultural chemicals:1 proportional arrangement simultaneously applies to citrus plant
Agricultural chemicals, unnecessary branch is sheared further according to the growing state of plant.Wait citrusfruit ripe after plantation, harvesting.
Embodiment 4
Bacillus bacterium is inoculated in solid medium for the first time, 30h is cultivated in the case of 39 DEG C and obtains bacterium colony, then
Bacterium colony is inoculated in fluid nutrient medium for the second time, cultivating 25h in the case where 39 DEG C, concussion speed is 220r/min obtains bacterium
Liquid, charcoal and aluminium glue are mixed in centrifuge tube, add bacterium solution, trained in the case where 35 DEG C, concussion speed is 140r/min
Foster 2h obtains bacterial manure bacterium solution, after by its rotating speed be 6000r/min under conditions of centrifuge, remove layer and be deposited under conditions of 40 DEG C
Air-dry and obtain organic fertilizer；
Nitrogenous fertilizer 45kg, phosphate fertilizer 5kg, potash fertilizer 5kg, bentonite 5kg, bone meal 8kg, mineral powder 7kg and humic acid 2kg are mixed
Fertilizer is fabricated to together；
By heteroauxin 2kg, carbendazim 1.5kg, Tabasco 2.5kg, potassium permanganate 3.5kg, sodium salicylate 1.5kg, Ah
Dimension rhzomorph 1.5kg, balsam pear leaf juice 5kg and cypermethrin 1.5kg are mixed with agricultural chemicals；
Usage mining machine opens hole, applies above-mentioned organic fertilizer 12kg, water 22kg in each hole, then citrus plant is put into hole
Middle plantation, mulching soil, according to mass ratio it is 1 by above-mentioned fertilizer and water:8 ratio mixing, to citrus by way of drip irrigation
Plant applies moisture and fertilizer, according to mass ratio is 180 by water and above-mentioned agricultural chemicals:1 proportional arrangement simultaneously applies to citrus plant
Agricultural chemicals, unnecessary branch is sheared further according to the growing state of plant.Wait citrusfruit ripe after plantation, harvesting.
Experimental example 1
Influence of the implantation methods of the citrus to citrus soil：
Continuous 2 years after citrus maturation, the soil below the tree crown edge-perpendicular of 5 mandarin trees of random acquisition identical
Sample, each soil sample about 3kg, it will be detected after soil sample air-dry.Soil nitrogen concentrations are determined using Micro-kjoldahl method；Using
0.5mol/LNaHCO3The content of extraction-molybdenum antimony resistance colorimetric method measure available phosphorus；Using 1mol/LNH4OAc extractions-flame luminosity
Meter method determines the content of potassium；Using potassium bichromate-sulfuric acid Outside Heating Method measure soil organism；Using Tu Shui ratios (1:2.5)PH
Acidometer measure P in soil H；Using dilution-plate method measure soil bacteria, actinomyces, fungal content, result table 1 is finally obtained.
The citrus soil monitoring result of table 1
From table 1 it follows that the nitrogen content of citrus significantly improves 5.5%-28.4% in upper 1 year；Phosphorus content relatively on
Significantly improve 153.7%-236.2% within 1 year；Potassium content significantly improves 31.9%-61.1% for upper 1 year, organic matter compared with
Upper one year improves 4.57-6.90g/kg；The trend that microorganism total amount is significantly increased, illustrate the above-mentioned plantation side by citrus
Method can improve the fertility of soil after for many years, citrus soil constantly improves, and improves the yield of citrus.
Continuous 2 years after citrus maturation, the soil sample below the tree crown edge-perpendicular of identical 5 mandarin trees of random acquisition,
Each soil sample about 3kg, will be detected after soil sample air-dry.
Wet screening is respectively adopted to isolate>5mm, 2-5mm, 0.25-2mm,<0.25mm aggregate.I-th is represented with Wi
Ratio shared by level reunion body weight, calculation formula are as follows：
In formula：Wi is the weight (g) of i-stage aggregate；Wt is each grade reunion body weight summation (g).
Aggregate diameter of average weight (MWD) calculation formula is as follows：
In formula：For the average diameter (mm) of certain grade of aggregate；Wi is certain grade of aggregate percentage by weight (%).
Finally obtain result table 2.
The citrus soil aggregate stability feature of table 2
From table 2 it can be seen that soil water stability performance content with>It is 39.53%- based on 5mm aggregates
53.75%, the advantage particle diameter of soil is>5mm and 2~5mm, wherein>5mm aggregate amounts are above 50%, hence it is evident that higher than it
His particle size content.Soil water stability performance content at most adds 14.22 in 2nd year citrus pedotheque.As a result show,
The water stability of soil agreegate can be improved after for many years by the above-mentioned implantation methods of citrus, soil particle aggregation effect increases,
Form loose porous water stability performance, soil macro aggregate content increase, advantageously in the plantation of citrus.
Experimental example 2
Influence of the implantation methods of the citrus to Citrus leaf：
The blade at the middle part of 5 mandarin trees of random acquisition identical is as blade when citrus result within continuous 2 years
Sample, analyze blade.Wherein：N content measure Kjeldahl's method, P content vanadium molybdenum Huang colorimetric method, K content Atomic absorptions
Spectrophotometry；
The measure of total Soluble Sugar：Fresh blade shreds mixing, is put into triangular flask, adds after boiling water boils and filters, adds
Enter anthrone colour developing, absorbance at its 620nm of spectrophotometric determination is used after boiling water bath.Make standard song with Standard glucose solution
Line, calculate its total sugar content：
Sample solubility sugared content (fresh weight) (μ gg-1)=(X × extract solution cumulative volume (ml))/(sample fresh weight (g) ×
Sample volume (ml) during measure), in formula：X is the total sugar content (ug) checked on standard curve.
The measure of soluble protein：Fresh blade adds a little distilled water to be ground into constant volume after homogenate, is taken after high speed centrifugation
Clear liquid, add Coomassie brilliant blue G-250 solution, after being sufficiently mixed standing, with spectrophotometer under 595nm colorimetric, determine it
Absorbance, with bovine serum albumin standard curve in vain, calculate the content of its soluble protein.
Sample protein matter content (fresh weight) (μ gg-1)=(X × extract solution cumulative volume (ml))/(sample fresh weight (g) × survey
Timing sampling volume (ml)), in formula：X is the protein content (ug) checked on standard curve.
The measure of chlorophyll：Fresh blade adds a small amount of quartz sand and ethanol to grind, and is ground into after homogenate again plus ethanol continues to grind
Tissue turned pale is milled to, is filtered after standing, using ethanol as blank, dullness is determined under wavelength 665,649,470nm, counts as the following formula
Calculate pigment concentration and content.
Ca=13.95D665-6.88D649
Cb=24.96D649-7.32D665
Cx·c=(1000D470-2.05Ca-114.8Cb)/245
In formula：Ca, Cb, Cx.c are respectively the concentration of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and carotenoid；D665, D649, D470
Respectively dullness of the chloroplast pigment extract solution at wavelength 665,649,470nm.
Each pigment content of sample chloroplaset is calculated with following formula：
Sample pigment content (fresh weight) (mgg-1Concentration × extracting liquid volume × extension rate of)=(pigment)/sample is fresh
Again (g), in formula：X is the total sugar content (ug) checked on standard curve.
Finally obtain result table 3.
The Citrus leaf testing result of table 3
From table 3 it can be seen that compared with upper one year, nutrient and the leaf protein such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium in citrus fruit tree leaf
Matter, total reducing sugar and chlorophyll content have different degrees of increase trend.Illustrate by the above-mentioned implantation methods of citrus for many years after
Fruit tree nutrition is higher, and chlorophyll content is higher.
Experimental example 3
Influence of the implantation methods of the citrus to citrusfruit：
The fruit on 5 mandarin trees of random acquisition identical is detected after citrus maturation within continuous 2 years.
Content of solids is determined using hand refractometer；Fruit total sugar content is hydrolyzed using hydrochloric acid, fehling reagent drop
Determine method measure；Citric acid content is determined using sodium hydroxide titration；Vitamin C content is extracted using 2% oxalic acid solution,
0.1%2,6- dichloroindophenol titration measuring.Fruit color measure uses CR-10 color difference meters (Japanese Minolta) along single fruit equator
Face measure fruit complexion pool, calculates fruit face color green-red/blue-yellow ratio (a/b values), brightness (L).Finally obtain knot
Fruit such as table 4.
The testing result of the citrusfruit of table 4
From table 4, it can be seen that compared with upper one year, citrusfruit soluble solid (TSS) content has more significant carry
High 16.1%-21.6%, citrus total sugar content improve 1.57g/100mL-2.82g/100mL, and tartaric acid significantly reduces
0.108g/100mL, citrus Vitamin C content significantly improve 4.22-4.48g/100mL, as fruit maturity increases, fruit
Complexion pool a/b values are increased to 0.95 ± 0.01 by 0.93 ± 0.01, and in rising trend, fruit brightness is reduced by 53.96 ± 0.20
To 53.16 ± 0.40, fruit complexion pool is deepened, and illustrate the taste more sweet tea by the above-mentioned implantation methods of citrus later citrus for many years,
Nutritive value is higher, and fruit interior quality progressively improves, and citrus flavors are stronger.
By the above-mentioned implantation methods of citrus for many years after, be not only able to improved soil structure and improve nutrient content, and
And fruit quality can be improved, it is ensured that the sustainable development of Orange Producing.
Embodiments described above is part of the embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.The reality of the present invention
The detailed description for applying example is not intended to limit the scope of claimed invention, but is merely representative of the selected implementation of the present invention
Example.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, what those of ordinary skill in the art were obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Every other embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of implantation methods of citrus, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Seedling：Hole is opened, applies organic fertilizer 10-15kg, water 20-30kg in each hole, then plants citrus plant, the organic fertilizer is
Charcoal and the bacillus being carried on charcoal；
Fertilising and irrigation：Fertilizer is mixed with water and irrigated, the mass ratio of the fertilizer and the water is 1：(4-10), it is described
Fertilizer includes nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and bentonite；
Dispenser：According to mass ratio it is (100-200) by water and agricultural chemicals:1 proportional arrangement carries out dispenser, and the agricultural chemicals includes indoles
Acetic acid, carbendazim, Tabasco, potassium permanganate, sodium salicylate, AVM, balsam pear leaf juice and cypermethrin.
2. implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the bacillus be selected from bacillus licheniformis,
At least one of bacillus amyloliquefaciens, bacillus laterosporus, colloid bacillus cereus and bacillus coagulans.
3. implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the organic fertilizer is to be inoculated with the bacillus
Obtain bacterium solution in culture medium, then the bacterium solution is carried on isolated precipitation after the charcoal, the precipitation is air-dried
Obtain.
4. implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the fertilizer in parts by weight, including the nitrogen
Fertile 40-50 parts, described phosphate fertilizer 3-8 parts, described potash fertilizer 4-10 parts and described bentonite 2-6 parts.
5. implantation methods according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the fertilizer also includes bone meal, mineral powder and humic
Acid.
6. implantation methods according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the fertilizer is in parts by weight, in addition to described
Bone meal 5-10 parts, mineral powder 3-8 parts and humic acid 1-3 parts.
7. implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the agricultural chemicals in parts by weight, including the Yin
Indolylbutyric acid 1-3 parts, described carbendazim 1-2 parts, described Tabasco 2-3 parts, described potassium permanganate 3-4 parts, the sodium salicylate 1-2
Part, described AVM 1-2 parts, described balsam pear leaf juice 4-6 parts and described cypermethrin 1-2 parts.
8. implantation methods according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the Tabasco is according to 1 by capsicum and water:(1-
1.2) filtrate is filtered to take after ratio co-grinding, the balsam pear leaf juice is that the balsampear leaf of 5-10 parts by weight is put into 20-40 weights
Measure and filter to take filtrate after carrying out decoction 1-2h in the water of part.
9. implantation methods according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the step of also being trimmed including citrus branch.
10. a kind of implantation methods of citrus, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Seedling：Hole is opened, applies organic fertilizer 10-15kg, water 20-30kg in each hole, then plants citrus plant, the organic fertilizer is
Charcoal and the bacillus being carried on charcoal；
Fertilising and irrigation：Fertilizer is mixed with water and irrigated, the mass ratio of the fertilizer and the water is 1：(4-10), it is described
Fertilizer includes nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and bentonite；
Dispenser：According to mass ratio it is (100-200) by water and agricultural chemicals:1 proportional arrangement carries out dispenser, and the agricultural chemicals includes indoles
Acetic acid, carbendazim, Tabasco, potassium permanganate, sodium salicylate, AVM, balsam pear leaf juice and cypermethrin；
Harvesting.
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| CN110122160A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-08-16 | 宜昌王小二农业科技有限公司 | It is a kind of for citrus cutting propagation cultivation after implantation methods |
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| CN105052661A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-11-18 | 秦道安 | Citrus planting method |
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| CN105052661A (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2015-11-18 | 秦道安 | Citrus planting method |
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| CN110122160A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-08-16 | 宜昌王小二农业科技有限公司 | It is a kind of for citrus cutting propagation cultivation after implantation methods |
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