CN107455372B - Dragon fruit vigorous growth control method - Google Patents
Dragon fruit vigorous growth control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107455372B CN107455372B CN201710725256.2A CN201710725256A CN107455372B CN 107455372 B CN107455372 B CN 107455372B CN 201710725256 A CN201710725256 A CN 201710725256A CN 107455372 B CN107455372 B CN 107455372B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N33/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds
- A01N33/16—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic nitrogen compounds containing nitrogen-to-oxygen bonds
- A01N33/18—Nitro compounds
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant growth regulators in agricultural production and discloses a method for controlling vigorous growth of pitaya, wherein a flumetralin preparation is applied, the effective component of the flumetralin preparation is flumetralin, and the weight percentage content of the flumetralin in the preparation is 5-70%. The fire dragon fruit vigor control agent taking the flumetralin as an effective component controls the excessive growth of stems, branches and buds of the fire dragon fruits by utilizing the growth regulator effect of the flumetralin, avoids the vigorous growth of the fire dragon fruits, constructs strong layered crowns, reduces the useless consumption of nutrient substances on plants, controls the crown shapes, improves the illumination conditions, increases the photosynthesis area coefficient of branches, promotes the formation of thick fruiting mother branches, and lays a good foundation for high yield fruiting.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of plant growth regulators in agricultural production, and particularly relates to a vigorous growth control method capable of controlling vigorous growth of pitaya and having a yield increase effect.
Background
The pitaya is a new tropical and subtropical fruit tree developed in recent years, is rich in fruit nutrition, green and health-care, and contains plant protein, anthocyanin, water-soluble dietary fiber and the like which are few in general plants; the flower and fruit stem can be used as medicine, and has anticancer and hypertension preventing effects. The dragon fruit can be harvested at least for 20 years after being planted once, is high in yield and early-term, can rapidly bring good benefits to growers, and has important significance for adjusting agricultural industrial structures, increasing income of farmers and meeting material demands of people.
The pitaya is a plant with strong preference to positive, strong illumination is favorable for blooming and fruiting, and outer branches are easy to bear fruits. However, the dragon fruit grows vigorously, has strong sprouting capability, is easy to construct a strong layered crown, and moves outwards quickly, the branches are seriously covered, the illumination of the branches in the chamber is insufficient, and the dragon fruit is not beneficial to vegetative growth and reproductive growth. The traditional means is to trim and retain branches by manual shaping, control the crown shape, enhance ventilation and light transmittance, realize the interchange of nutrient branches and fruiting branches and coordinate the contradiction between vegetative growth and reproductive growth.
The traditional pitaya vigorous-control pruning technology mainly depends on manual pruning and has the following characteristics: (1) the dragon fruit planting area is generally large, the workload is heavy, and the unified management is difficult to complete; (2) at present, labor cost is huge, pruning management is carried out completely by manpower, time and labor are consumed, and economic cost loss is large; (3) the manual pruning and shaping can cause more wounds, the wounds are easily infected by pathogenic bacteria, the wounds are not easy to heal, the yield is reduced, and the like.
Flumetralin (chemical name: N-ethyl-N- (2-chloro-6-fluorobenzyl) -4-trifluoromethyl-2, 6-dinitroaniline is a novel low-toxicity plant growth regulator, is a contact and local systemic high-efficiency bud inhibitor, mainly inhibits cell division of a top (side) bud growing point, is strong in effect and fast in absorption, and can be effective within two hours after application. The medicine has low residue in leaf, can be widely applied to tobacco, and can also be applied to chemical topping of cotton, bud inhibition of grape, etc
The vigorous growth control method of the invention is proved by field application that the flumetralin really has good vigorous growth control function of the dragon fruit, is superior to the traditional manual shaping vigorous growth control technology which is used in the field all the time in the aspects of use safety and operability, and is easy to popularize and apply in a large area.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the application of the flumetralin preparation in the aspect of vigorous control of pitaya, and the flumetralin preparation has the advantages of excellent effect, long lasting period and low cost.
The invention achieves the purpose through the following technical scheme.
A pitaya flourishing control method is characterized by comprising the following steps: applying a flumetralin preparation, wherein the effective component is flumetralin, and the weight percentage of the flumetralin in the preparation is 5-70%.
Spraying a flumetralin preparation, utilizing the action of a growth regulator of flumetralin to control the excessive growth of stems, branches and buds of the dragon fruits, avoiding vigorous growth of the dragon fruits, constructing strong layered crowns, reducing useless consumption of nutrient substances on plants, controlling crown shapes, improving illumination conditions, increasing the photosynthesis area coefficient of branches, promoting the formation of thick fruiting mother branches and laying a good foundation for high yield fruiting.
Furthermore, the applied flumetralin preparation can be processed into an environment-friendly missible oil preparation by adding an environment-friendly solvent and an emulsifier; or adding emulsifier, solvent, antifreeze and defoamer, homogenizing and shearing to obtain water emulsion; or adding dispersant, wetting agent, spreader and carrier, mixing, and micronizing to obtain wettable powder; or adding dispersant, wetting agent, thickener, antiseptic, antifreeze, defoamer and water, mixing, coarse grinding, and superfine grinding to obtain water suspension; or adding emulsifier, dispersant, thickener and solvent, and processing into oil suspending agent by superfine grinding; or adding dispersant, wetting agent, disintegrating agent, binder and carrier, mixing, air-jet pulverizing, adding water, extruding, granulating, oven drying, sieving, and making into water dispersible granule. The following is a detailed description of the formulation of each formulation.
1. The environment-friendly solvent type missible oil product can be processed in the following way: respectively putting the fluvalinate, the environment-friendly solvent and the emulsifier which are weighed correctly into a milk preparation kettle according to the feeding dosage ratio, heating to 40-50 ℃, fully and uniformly stirring until all the raw medicines are dissolved, and filtering to obtain the missible oil product.
The following auxiliary agents can be used in the preparation of the environment-friendly emulsifiable concentrate:
the emulsifier adopted in the preparation of the environment-friendly emulsifiable solution is a complex of anionic surfactant calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and nonionic surfactant. The adding amount of the anionic surfactant calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate is 3 to 12 percent of the total weight of the feeding materials. The nonionic surfactant is selected from one or more of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene (polyoxypropylene) ether, benzyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, styryl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene formaldehyde condensate, castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ester, fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, polyalcohol fatty acid ester, carbonyl alcohol or ethylene oxide adduct thereof. Considering the comprehensive performance and cost, the carbonyl alcohol ethoxy compound or the styryl phenol polyoxyethylene ether is preferably selected, and the adding amount is 2 to 15 percent.
The solvent adopted in the preparation of the environment-friendly emulsifiable solution is selected from one or more of high-boiling-point aromatic solvent oil (S-150, S-200), alkane (kerosene or diesel oil), vegetable oil (turpentine oil, methyl oleate, fatty acid methyl ester, soybean oil and eucalyptol), higher-boiling-point alcohol (nonanol), ketone (cyclohexanone), glycol ether, glycol diacetate, sec-butyl acetate, butyrolactone or other solvents (Rodiya GREEN solvents RPDE, POLARCLEAN, ADMA810, GREEN25 and the like). In comprehensive consideration, high-boiling aromatic hydrocarbon and alkylamide ADMA810 are preferably used as cosolvent, and the addition amount is 10-72%.
2. The wettable powder product of the invention can be processed in the following way: the flunomide technical, the dispersant, the wetting agent, the spreader and the carrier which are weighed correctly are respectively put into a stirrer to be mixed evenly according to the feeding dosage ratio, and then are subjected to superfine grinding by an airflow grinder to obtain the wettable powder product.
The following auxiliaries can be used in the preparation of wettable powders:
the dispersant adopted in the preparation of the wettable powder is selected from one or more of alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, sodium salt of alkyl or aralkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, sodium salt of naphthol sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, lignosulfonate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensate sulfate or acrylic copolymer salt. In comprehensive consideration, sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate or lignosulfonate is preferably used, and the addition amount is 0.1-15%.
The wetting agent adopted in the preparation of the wettable powder is selected from one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, olefin sulfonate, dialkyl succinate sodium sulfonate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether succinic acid half ester sulfonate, fatty amide N-methyl taurinate sodium salt, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, alkyl naphthalene sodium sulfonate, naphthol sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensation product sodium salt, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether or fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether. In comprehensive consideration, the sodium alkyl naphthalene sulfonate or alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether is preferably selected, and the addition amount is 0.1-10%.
The spreading agent adopted in the preparation of the wettable powder is selected from one or more of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, polyvinyl alcohol, alkylbenzene sulfonate, alkylaryl polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, sodium polyacrylate, sodium cocoate oleate, triethanolamine oleate or sorbitol. In comprehensive consideration, polyvinyl alcohol or sodium polyacrylate is preferably selected, and the addition amount is 0.1-15%.
The carrier adopted in the preparation of the wettable powder is selected from one or more of white carbon black, diatomite, attapulgite, bentonite, sepiolite, kaolin, pottery clay, talcum powder or light calcium carbonate. Comprehensively considering, diatomite or attapulgite is preferably selected, and the adding amount is 0.1-95% of the total weight of the feed.
3. The aqueous suspension product of the present invention can be processed in the following manner: the aqueous suspension agent product is prepared by respectively putting the fluvalinamide raw drug, the dispersing agent, the wetting agent, the thickening agent, the preservative, the antifreezing agent, the defoaming agent and water which are weighed correctly into a shearing kettle or a colloid mill according to the feeding dosage ratio, coarsely crushing and uniformly mixing, and then carrying out superfine grinding by a sand mill until the particle size of the material is qualified.
The following adjuvants may be used in formulating the aqueous suspension:
the dispersant adopted in the preparation of the aqueous suspending agent is selected from one or more of alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate, sodium salt of alkyl or aralkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate, sodium salt of naphthol sulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate, lignosulfonate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether-formaldehyde condensate sulfate, high-molecular polycarboxylate, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene ether block copolymer or alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether phosphate. Comprehensively considering, the alkyl naphthalene sulfonate or the organic phosphate is preferably selected, and the adding amount is 0.1 to 15 percent.
The wetting agent adopted in the preparation of the aqueous suspending agent is selected from one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, olefin sulfonate, dialkyl succinate sodium sulfonate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether succinic acid half ester sulfonate, fatty amide N-methyl taurinate sodium salt, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate, alkyl naphthalene sodium sulfonate, naphthol sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate sodium salt, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether or fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether. Comprehensively considering, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether sulfate or fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether is preferably selected, and the addition amount is 0.1-10%.
The thickening agent adopted in the preparation of the aqueous suspending agent is selected from one or more of Arabic gum, gelatin, xanthan gum, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium polyacrylate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, gaseous silicon dioxide or magnesium aluminum silicate. In comprehensive consideration, xanthan gum or magnesium aluminum silicate is preferably selected, and the addition amount is 0.05-5%.
The preservative adopted in the preparation of the aqueous suspension is selected from Benzisothiazolinone (BIT) or sodium benzoate, and the addition amount is 0.01-3%.
The antifreezing agent adopted in the preparation of the water suspending agent is one or more selected from ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, sorbitol, urea or sodium chloride. In comprehensive consideration, the ethylene glycol or glycerol (glycerin) is preferably used, and the addition amount is 0.5-10%.
The defoaming agent adopted in the preparation of the water suspending agent is selected from tributyl phosphate or an organic silicon defoaming agent, and the addition amount is 0.05-5%.
4. The aqueous emulsion products of the invention can be processed in the following manner: adding the weighted correct flumetralin technical, emulsifier, solvent or cosolvent together according to the feeding dosage ratio to dissolve into a uniform oil phase; mixing the antifreezing agent, the defoaming agent and the balance of water together to form a uniform water phase. And under the high-speed shearing of an emulsification homogenizer, gradually adding the oil phase into the water phase, and completely stirring to obtain the aqueous emulsion product.
The following auxiliaries can be used in the preparation of the aqueous emulsion:
the emulsifier adopted in the preparation of the aqueous emulsion is selected from one or more of alkylphenol polyoxyethylene (polyoxypropylene) ether, benzyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, styryl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde condensate, castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ester, fatty amine polyoxyethylene ether, polyol fatty acid ester, carbonyl alcohol, polyphosphate or ethylene oxide addition product thereof. The general dosage is 5-20%.
The solvent (cosolvent) adopted in the preparation of the aqueous emulsion is selected from one or more of aromatic hydrocarbons, alcohols, esters, ketones, amides and vegetable oil methyl esters. The general dosage is 10-50%.
The antifreeze used in the preparation of the aqueous emulsion is selected from one or more of ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, sorbitol, urea or sodium chloride. The general dosage is 0.5-10%.
The defoaming agent adopted in the preparation of the aqueous emulsion is selected from the class of organosilicon emulsion defoaming agents. The general dosage is 0.01-5%.
5. The oil suspension concentrate product of the present invention can be processed in the following manner: heating the emulsifier, the dispersant and the matrix oil which are weighed correctly according to the feeding dosage ratio to 35-40 ℃, stirring and premixing, adding the flumetralin original drug and the thickener, mixing, then putting into a shearing kettle or a colloid mill, coarsely crushing and uniformly mixing, and then carrying out superfine grinding by a sand mill until the particle size of the material is qualified to obtain the oil suspending agent product.
The following adjuvants may be used in formulating the oil suspension:
the emulsifier adopted in the preparation of the oil suspending agent is selected from one or more of calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether, oleate polyoxyethylene ether, castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether, fatty alcohol ethylene oxide condensate, polyoxyethylene sorbitol monooleate and alkylphenol polyether phosphate. It can also be used as special emulsifier for oil suspending agent such as bamboo oil YUS-110, GERONOL VO/05 OF Rodiya, 1573, 1577 OF Craiden, atlas G-1086 OF Heda, TANEMULL SL OF Tuonan chemical, OD-2208 OF Nanjing Hongkong, SP-OF3462 OF Jiangsu engine, etc. The general dosage is 8-30%.
The dispersant adopted in the preparation of the oil suspending agent is selected from one or more of alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate sodium salt, sodium lignosulfonate and calcium lignosulfonate. Or directly using special dispersing agents OF auxiliary agents such as YUS-EP60P OF bamboo oil, AtloxMetasperse 550S OF Dacron, Atlox 4196, TANEMULL 1736 OF Tuonan chemical, Morwet D-500 OF Acksonobel, SK-560EP OF starfly chemical, SP-OF3472B OF Jiangsu Optimus and the like. The general dosage is 0.5-5%.
The thickening agent adopted in the preparation of the oil suspending agent is selected from one or more of organic bentonite, attapulgite, fumed silica and magnesium aluminum silicate. The general dosage is 0.5-5%.
The solvent (matrix oil) adopted in the preparation of the oil suspending agent is selected from one or more of soybean oil, methyl oleate, fatty acid methyl ester and rosin-based oil. The general dosage is 30-92%.
6. The water dispersible granule product of the invention can be processed in the following way: the water dispersible granule product is prepared by uniformly mixing the fluazinam technical material, the dispersing agent, the wetting agent, the disintegrating agent and the carrier which are weighed correctly according to the feeding dosage ratio, then obtaining wettable fine powder through an airflow pulverizer, uniformly mixing the fine powder with an aqueous solution containing a binder, and then carrying out extrusion granulation, drying and screening.
The following additives can be used in the preparation of the water dispersible granule:
the dispersant adopted in the preparation of the water dispersible granule is selected from one or more of alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate sodium salt, sodium lignosulfonate, calcium lignosulfonate and acrylic copolymer salt. The general dosage is 2-10%.
The wetting agent adopted in the preparation of the water dispersible granule is selected from one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether sodium sulfate, dioctyl sodium sulfosuccinate, dialkyl sodium sulfosuccinate, dibutyl sodium naphthalene sulfonate, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether or fatty alcohol-polyoxyethylene ether. The general dosage is 1 to 10 percent.
The disintegrating agent adopted in the preparation of the water dispersible granule is selected from one or more of anhydrous sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, calcium chloride, ammonium sulfate and urea. The general dosage is 2-20%.
The binder adopted in the preparation of the water dispersible granule is selected from one or more of carboxymethyl cellulose, starch, gelatin, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone. The general dosage is 1 to 5 percent.
The carrier adopted in the preparation of the water dispersible granule is selected from one or more of kaolin, light calcium carbonate, bentonite, diatomite, talcum powder, argil and white carbon black. The general dosage is 1 to 90 percent.
In addition, the vigorous growth controlling agent for the dragon fruits containing the flumetralin can be applied independently or together with a bactericide and a plant nutrient or sequentially to the dragon fruits so as to achieve the purposes of vigorous growth controlling and yield increasing.
Compared with the prior pitaya vigorous-control shaping technology, the pitaya vigorous-control shaping method has the following advantages:
(1) the flumetralin can effectively control the excessive growth of stems, branches and buds of the dragon fruits and effectively control the crown shape;
(2) the fluvalicarb has low toxicity, high soil degradation speed and long lasting period;
(3) the flumetralin is safe to the dragon fruits, and the situations of small and stiff dragon fruits and the like can not be caused;
(4) compared with the traditional manual trimming technology, the flumetralin has good effects of controlling vigorous growth and increasing yield, is time-saving and efficient, reduces cost and has wider popularization and application prospects.
The field application experiment proves that the flumetralin really has good vigorous growth control effect on the pitaya, is superior to the traditional manual shaping vigorous growth control technology which is used in the field all the time in the aspects of use safety and operability, and is easy to popularize and apply in a large area.
Detailed Description
The invention is illustrated by, but not limited to, the following specific examples.
Application example 1:
the test site is a Haikou experiment farm in Fuqing city, the test material is red skin red meat dragon fruit red Xianmi No. 1, the row spacing of the cultivated plants is 2.5m multiplied by 3m, the plant height is 2-2.5 m, the tree vigor is similar, the growth vigor is good, and the conventional management is performed. The water amount of each mu is 30 kg according to 200ppm of 25% flumetralin missible oil, 200ppm of 65% flumetralin wettable powder, 200ppm of 25% flumetralin water suspending agent and clear water contrast.
The specific experimental effects are shown in table 1 below:
application example 2:
the test is carried out in a test field of Guangxi city defense harbor city, the tested variety is red skin white flesh dragon fruit white jade dragon No. 8, the row spacing of the cultivated plants is 2.5m multiplied by 3m, the plant height is 2.0-2.5 m, the tree vigor is similar, the growth vigor is good, and the conventional management is carried out. No. 5 month 27 shows that the water adding amount per mu is 30 kilograms according to 200ppm of 25% flumetralin missible oil, 200ppm of 65% flumetralin wettable powder, 200ppm of 25% flumetralin water suspending agent and clear water contrast.
The specific experimental effects are shown in table 2 below:
as can be seen from the field efficacy test results of the two places shown in tables 1 and 2, the application of the vigorous growth control agent taking the flumetralin as the active ingredient can effectively control the crown shape of the dragon fruits, the contrast difference between the young sprout tip control rate, the fruit setting rate and the acre yield increase rate with clear water is obvious, the vigorous growth control and yield increase effect of the flumetralin is excellent, and the yield per mu is increased by 13.09-21.36%.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and the use of the above scheme as a pitaya bloom controlling agent is also within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. A method for controlling vigorous growth of pitaya is characterized in that flumetralin missible oil or flumetralin water suspending agent is applied, and water is added into the water according to the proportion of 200ppm of 25% flumetralin missible oil and 200ppm of 25% flumetralin water suspending agent and 30 kilograms of water per mu.
2. The dragon fruit vigorous growth control method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the applied flumetralin preparation is processed into an environment-friendly missible oil preparation by adding an environment-friendly solvent and an emulsifier; or adding dispersant, wetting agent, thickener, antiseptic, antifreeze, defoamer and water, mixing, coarse grinding, and superfine grinding to obtain water suspension.
3. The dragon fruit vigorous growth control method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the flunomide preparation is applied together with or sequentially with the bactericide and the plant nutrient.
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CN115669651A (en) * | 2022-11-18 | 2023-02-03 | 南京太化化工有限公司 | Flumetralin suspending agent and preparation method thereof |
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CN104782631A (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2015-07-22 | 海南大学 | Banana bud remover and application thereof |
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2017
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US4169721A (en) * | 1975-11-05 | 1979-10-02 | Ciba-Geigy Corporation | N-(ortho-substituted benzyl)-dinitro-trifluoromethyl-anilines as plant growth regulants |
CN104782631A (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2015-07-22 | 海南大学 | Banana bud remover and application thereof |
CN104920135A (en) * | 2015-05-15 | 2015-09-23 | 广西大学 | Shoot controlling and blossom promoting method for litchi chinensis and euphoria longan |
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Title |
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25%氟节胺悬浮剂对荔枝生长、品质和产量的影响;王晓双等;《中国南方果树》;20170728;第46卷(第4期);第43-46页 * |
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