CN107445957B - 吲哚或吡咯并[1,2-f]菲啶类化合物的合成方法 - Google Patents
吲哚或吡咯并[1,2-f]菲啶类化合物的合成方法 Download PDFInfo
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- -1 pyrrolo [1,2-f ] phenanthridine compound Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 12
- PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole Natural products CC1=CC=CC2=C1C=CN2 PZOUSPYUWWUPPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 5
- RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolenine Natural products C1=CC=C2CC=NC2=C1 RKJUIXBNRJVNHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- HCUARRIEZVDMPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N indolyl-2-carboxylic acid Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(C(=O)O)=CC2=C1 HCUARRIEZVDMPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(ii) acetate Chemical compound [Pd+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O YJVFFLUZDVXJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000002475 indoles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 32
- 150000003233 pyrroles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 20
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylformamide Substances CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- OTEKOJQFKOIXMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-bis(trichloromethyl)benzene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)C1=CC=C(C(Cl)(Cl)Cl)C=C1 OTEKOJQFKOIXMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 6
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-pyrrole Natural products C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003480 eluent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000005053 phenanthridines Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- RDOWQLZANAYVLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenanthrridine Natural products C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C=NC2=C1 RDOWQLZANAYVLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- WRHZVMBBRYBTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrole-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN1 WRHZVMBBRYBTKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- JCRCPEDXAHDCAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethoxy(diphenyl)phosphane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1P(OCC)C1=CC=CC=C1 JCRCPEDXAHDCAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen iodide Chemical class I XMBWDFGMSWQBCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005580 one pot reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- DOYOPBSXEIZLRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrole-3-carboxylic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=1C=CNC=1 DOYOPBSXEIZLRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 26
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 19
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- BCZNVEJEWXZHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolo[1,2-f]phenanthridine Chemical class C12=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C2N2C1=CC=C2 BCZNVEJEWXZHNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- DAITVOCMWPNFTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-1h-indole-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C2NC(C(O)=O)=CC2=C1 DAITVOCMWPNFTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- YEBJVSLNUMZXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound COC1=CC=C2NC(C(O)=O)=CC2=C1 YEBJVSLNUMZXRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- FUQOTYRCMBZFOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-chloro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C2NC(C(=O)O)=CC2=C1 FUQOTYRCMBZFOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNBGANWAZJWOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methoxy-1h-indole-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound COC1=CC=C2C=C(C(O)=O)NC2=C1 XNBGANWAZJWOHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYNMFUXUSAJGOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N C1=CC=C2C(F)=C(F)NC2=C1 Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(F)=C(F)NC2=C1 GYNMFUXUSAJGOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical class [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000004209 hair Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
- C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
- C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nitrogen Condensed Heterocyclic Rings (AREA)
- Indole Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供了一种吲哚或吡咯并[1,2‑f]菲啶类化合物的合成方法:将吲哚或吡咯‑2‑羧酸(1)、碘鎓盐(2)、醋酸钯、碳酸钾、二苯基乙氧基膦溶解在DMF中,升温至120~150℃搅拌反应1~24h,之后反应液经后处理,得到所述吲哚或吡咯并[1,2‑f]菲啶类化合物(3);本发明反应体系简单,原料易得,总收率高,通过吲哚或吡咯‑2‑羧酸类化合物与环状碘鎓盐反应一步就能得到吲哚或吡咯并[1,2‑f]菲啶,使得反应路线大大缩短;
Description
(一)技术领域
本发明涉及一种合成吲哚或吡咯并[1,2-f]菲啶类化合物的方法,即通过吲哚或吡咯-2-羧酸类化合物与环状碘鎓盐反应,高效地合成吲哚或吡咯并[1,2-f]菲啶类化合物的方法。
(二)背景技术
吲哚或吡咯并[1,2-f]菲啶类化合物是优秀的蓝光发光体,是一种新型的有机发光材料,可用于光伏太阳能电池和有机发光二极管。因此在材料方面有很大的开发与利用价值。
目前,该类化合物的合成大多通过多步的偶联反应来制备(J.Org.Chem.2007,72,5431-5434),或者通过2-芳基氮杂环和1,2-二卤代苯在钯的催化下来制备(Org.Biomol.Chem.,2013,11,7966)。从合成的角度上讲,以上合成方法底物需要多步才能合成,因此造成总的收率普遍较低,如果能用吲哚或吡咯-2-羧酸类化合物与环状碘鎓盐来一步合成吲哚或吡咯并[1,2-f]菲啶类化合物,无论是从原料的易得性、原子的经济性还是从合成方法的角度上来讲,都是对以往合成方法的一个比较大的突破。由于本方法合成的简洁高效性,因此具有一定的应用价值。
(三)发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种通过吲哚或吡咯-2-羧酸类化合物与环状碘鎓盐一步合成吲哚或吡咯并[1,2-f]菲啶类化合物的方法,解决以往合成该类化合物方法繁琐的问题。
本发明技术方案如下:
一种吲哚或吡咯并[1,2-f]菲啶类化合物的合成方法,所述的合成方法为:
将吲哚或吡咯-2-羧酸(1)、碘鎓盐(2)、醋酸钯、碳酸钾、二苯基乙氧基膦溶解在DMF(二甲基甲酰胺)中,升温至120~150℃搅拌反应1~24h,之后反应液经后处理,得到所述吲哚或吡咯并[1,2-f]菲啶类化合物(3);
所述吲哚或吡咯-2-羧酸(1)、碘鎓盐(2)、醋酸钯、碳酸钾、二苯基乙氧基膦的物质的量之比为1:1~2:0.05~0.15:1.1~2.2:0.1~0.3;
所述DMF的体积用量以吲哚或吡咯-2-羧酸(1)的质量计为20~60mL/g;
所述反应液的后处理方法为:反应结束后,反应液冷却至室温(20~30℃,下同),用乙酸乙酯萃取,萃取液经无水硫酸钠干燥、过滤、浓缩后进行柱层析,以石油醚和乙酸乙酯体积比500~20:1的混合液为洗脱剂,收集含目标化合物的洗脱液,蒸除溶剂得到所述吲哚或吡咯并[1,2-f]菲啶类化合物(3)。
反应通式如下:
式(1)、式(2)或式(3)中,
R1为:氢、甲氧基、甲基或氯;
(R2)m中的m=0-2,优选m=1,每个R2各自独立选自:氯、氟、甲基或三氟甲基;
(R3)n中的n=0-2,优选n=1,每个R3各自独立选自:氯、氟、甲基或三氟甲基。
需要说明的是,式(1)表示吡咯-2-羧酸或吲哚-2-羧酸:
当式(1)表示吡咯-2-羧酸时,与吡咯基并联的苯环(虚线)和R1不存在,对应的产物是吡咯并[1,2-f]菲啶类化合物,即反应式为:
当式(1)表示吲哚-2-羧酸时,与吡咯基并联的苯环(虚线)和R1存在,对应的产物是吲哚并[1,2-f]菲啶类化合物,即反应式为:
本发明具有以下优点:反应体系简单,原料特别是吲哚或吡咯-2-羧酸类化合物容易得到,底物无需多步制备,总收率较高。本发明的创新点在于吲哚或吡咯-2-羧酸类化合物与环状碘鎓盐反应一步就能得到吲哚或吡咯并[1,2-f]菲啶,使得反应路线大大缩短。本发明所得的吲哚或吡咯并[1,2-f]菲啶收率最高为99%。
(四)具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例对本发明作进一步的说明,但本发明的保护范围并不仅限于此。
实施例1
将吲哚-2-羧酸(48.3mg,0.3mmol),碘鎓盐(256mg,0.6mmol),醋酸钯(6.8mg,0.03mmol),碳酸钾(91.1mg,0.66mmol),二苯基乙氧基膦(13μL,0.06mmol)溶解在2ml的DMF溶剂中,升温至145℃,搅拌反应12小时,冷却至室温用乙酸乙酯萃取,饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤,无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,浓缩,柱层析,得到产物吲哚并[1,2-f]菲啶75.4mg,收率为94%,产物为白色固体。m.p.:149-150℃1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.59(dd,J=8.4,1.1Hz,1H),8.46–8.39(m,1H),8.37(dd,J=8.0,1.5Hz,1H),8.31–8.24(m,1H),8.21–8.14(m,1H),7.90–7.85(m,1H),7.62(ddd,J=8.5,7.1,1.5Hz,1H),7.57–7.48(m,2H),7.47–7.35(m,3H),7.31(s,1H)ppm;HRMS m/z(ESI):calcd for C20H14N[M+H]+268.1121,found268.1109.
实施例2
按实施例1所述的方法,不同的是所用碘盐的量为128mg,0.3mmol,升温至150℃,得到产物吲哚并[1,2-f]菲啶57.7mg,收率为72%,产物为白色固体。
实施例3
按实施例1所述的方法,不同的是所用醋酸钯的量为3.4mg,0.015mmol,并且所用二苯基乙氧基膦的量为6.5μL,0.03mmol,得到产物吲哚并[1,2-f]菲啶40.0mg,收率为50%,产物为白色固体。
实施例4
按实施例1所述的方法,不同的是所用碳酸钾的量为45.5mg,0.33mmol,得到产物吲哚并[1,2-f]菲啶34.5mg,收率为43%,产物为白色固体。
实施例5
按实施例1所述的方法,不同的是所用底物为:5-甲氧基吲哚-2-羧酸(57.35mg,0.3mmol),得产物12-甲氧基吲哚并[1,2-f]菲啶72.3mg,收率为81%,产物为黄色固体。m.p.:173-174℃1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.50(dd,J=8.5,1.1Hz,1H),8.36(dd,J=8.1,1.5Hz,1H),8.28(dd,J=13.6,9.3Hz,2H),8.19–8.11(m,1H),7.60(s,1H),7.55–7.49(m,2H),7.37(ddd,J=8.1,7.1,1.1Hz,1H),7.28(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.22(s,1H),7.04(dd,J=9.2,2.6Hz,1H),3.96(s,3H).ppm;13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ155.19,135.88,135.84,131.37,129.11,128.80,128.17,127.75,126.82,126.04,124.12,124.03,122.85,122.43,121.87,115.94,115.07,111.98,102.18,95.89,55.67.ppm.
实施例6
按实施例1所述的方法,不同的是:所用底物为5-甲氧基吲哚-2-羧酸(57.35mg,0.3mmol),所用醋酸钯的量为10.2mg,0.15mmol,所用二苯基乙氧基膦的量为19.5μL,0.3mmol,得产物12-甲氧基吲哚并[1,2-f]菲啶40.2mg,收率为45%,产物为黄色固体。
实施例7
按实施例1所述的方法,不同的是所用底物为:5-甲基吲哚-2-羧酸(52.6mg,0.3mmol),得产物12-甲基吲哚并[1,2-f]菲啶70.1mg,收率为83%,产物为白色固体。m.p.:184-185℃1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.52(dd,J=8.4,1.1Hz,1H),8.33(dd,J=8.1,1.4Hz,1H),8.27(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),8.25–8.20(m,1H),8.16–8.10(m,1H),7.63(dd,J=2.0,1.0Hz,1H),7.59(ddd,J=8.5,7.1,1.5Hz,1H),7.53–7.47(m,2H),7.35(ddd,J=8.2,7.1,1.1Hz,1H),7.23(dd,J=8.7,1.8Hz,1H),7.19(d,J=0.8Hz,1H),2.57(s,3H)ppm;13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ136.04,135.27,132.26,131.17,130.68,128.70,128.10,127.65,126.80,126.23,124.10,123.94,123.66,122.80,122.37,121.95,120.68,116.16,113.88,95.77,21.39ppm;HRMS m/z(ESI):calcd for C18H15NO3[M+H]+294.1139,found 294.1125.
实施例8
按实施例1所述的方法,不同的是:所用底物为5-甲基吲哚-2-羧酸(52.6mg,0.3mmol),所用DMF的量为1mL,得产物12-甲基吲哚并[1,2-f]菲啶55.7mg,收率为66%,产物为白色固体。
实施例9
按实施例1所述的方法,不同的是:所用底物为5-甲基吲哚-2-羧酸(52.6mg,0.3mmol),所用DMF的量为3mL,得产物12-甲基吲哚并[1,2-f]菲啶67.6mg,收率为80%,产物为白色固体。
实施例10
按实施例1所述的方法,不同的是所用底物为:5-氯吲哚-2-羧酸(58.7mg,0.3mmol),得产物12-氯吲哚并[1,2-f]菲啶76.0mg,收率为82%,产物为白色固体。m.p.:173-174℃ 1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.47–8.40(m,1H),8.34(dd,J=8.1,1.5Hz,1H),8.26(d,J=9.0Hz,2H),8.11(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),7.77(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.59(s,1H),7.56–7.48(m,2H),7.39(s,1H),7.31(dd,J=9.0,2.2Hz,1H),7.17(d,J=0.8Hz,1H)ppm.13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ136.49,135.56,132.23,131.53,128.90,128.35,128.27,127.40,126.99,125.71,124.31,124.16,123.44,122.48,122.15,122.05,120.20,116.20,115.10,95.62ppm;HRMS m/z(ESI)calcd for C20H13ClN[M+H]+302.0731,found 302.0734.
实施例11
按实施例1所述的方法,不同的是:所用底物为6-甲氧基吲哚-2-羧酸(57.35mg,0.3mmol),得产物11-甲氧基吲哚并[1,2-f]菲啶77.6mg,收率为87%,产物为黄色固体。m.p.:131-132℃1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.42–8.37(m,1H),8.25(dd,J=8.0,1.3Hz,1H),8.18–8.13(m,1H),8.07–8.00(m,1H),7.85(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.71(d,J=8.6Hz,1H),7.54(ddd,J=8.5,7.2,1.4Hz,1H),7.48–7.40(m,2H),7.34–7.29(m,1H),7.15(s,1H),7.06(dd,J=8.6,2.1Hz,1H),4.00(s,3H)ppm;13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ156.13,135.89,134.47,134.36,128.45,128.08,127.23,126.46,126.38,124.72,123.90,123.61,122.87,122.30,122.21,121.32,115.87,110.77,99.11,95.99,56.03ppm
实施例12
按实施例1所述的方法,不同的是所用底物为:吡咯-2-羧酸(33.0mg,0.3mmol),得产物吡咯并[1,2-f]菲啶63.9mg,收率为98%,产物为白色固体。m.p.:131-133℃ 1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.36(dd,J=8.1,1.3Hz,1H),8.27(dd,J=8.2,1.1Hz,1H),8.04(dd,J=7.8,1.3Hz,1H),7.88(dd,J=8.2,1.1Hz,1H),7.80(dd,J=2.9,1.5Hz,1H),7.62–7.47(m,2H),7.42(dddd,J=18.7,8.2,7.1,1.3Hz,2H),6.99(dd,J=3.8,1.5Hz,1H),6.76(dd,J=3.8,2.9Hz,1H)ppm.13CNMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ133.22,129.31,128.49,128.11,126.34,125.94,124.83,123.96,123.84,122.79,122.48,121.70,114.98,113.10,112.18,102.02ppm.
实施例13
按实施例1所述的方法,不同的是所用底物为:吡咯-2-羧酸(33.0mg,0.3mmol),升温至120℃搅拌反应1小时,得产物吡咯并[1,2-f]菲啶52.1mg,收率为80%,产物为白色固体。
实施例14
按实施例1所述的方法,不同的是所用底物为:吡咯-2-羧酸(33.0mg,0.3mmol),升温至120℃搅拌反应24小时,得产物吡咯并[1,2-f]菲啶62.2mg,收率为96%,产物为白色固体。
实施例15
按实施例1所述的方法,不同的是所用底物为:3,7-二氯碘鎓盐(298.3mg,0.6mmol),得产物2,7-二氯吲哚并[1,2-f]菲啶46.4mg,收率为46%,产物为浅黄色固体。m.p.:208-210℃ 1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.51(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),8.31(dd,J=8.6,0.9Hz,1H),8.17(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),8.10–8.07(m,2H),7.86(ddd,J=7.8,1.4,0.7Hz,1H),7.49–7.39(m,3H),7.34(dd,J=8.6,2.0Hz,1H),7.26(d,J=0.8Hz,1H)ppm;HRMS m/z(ESI):calcd for C20H12Cl2N[M+H]+336.0341,found336.0347.
实施例16
按实施例1所述的方法,不同的是所用底物为:3,7-二氟碘鎓盐(278.5mg,0.6mmol),得产物2,7-二氟吲哚并[1,2-f]菲啶45.4mg,收率为57%,产物为浅黄色固体。m.p.:182-184℃ 1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.22(d,J=8.3Hz),8.16–8.07(m),8.02(dd,J=9.0,5.3Hz),7.85–7.79(m),7.65(dd,J=9.4,2.6Hz),7.45–7.35(m),7.18–7.11(m),7.03(ddd,J=8.8,7.6,2.4Hz)ppm;13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ163.52,161.55,136.42,134.25,133.89,130.22,127.28,125.48,124.55,122.89,122.78,122.39,121.43,117.91,115.95,113.95,110.46,109.72,103.58,97.60.ppm;HRMS m/z(ESI):calcd for C20H12F2N[M+H]+304.0932,found 304.0931.
实施例17
按实施例1所述的方法,不同的是所用底物为:3,7-二甲基碘鎓盐(273.7mg,0.6mmol),得产物2,7-二甲基吲哚并[1,2-f]菲啶44.3mg,收率为50%,产物为白色固体。m.p.:132-134℃ 1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.43(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),8.39(s,1H),8.19(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),8.11(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),8.01–7.92(m,1H),7.85(s,1H),7.39(d,J=22.0Hz,4H),7.20–7.16(m,1H),2.60(s,3H),2.53(s,3H)ppm;13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ138.45,137.62,135.73,135.57,133.95,130.45,129.20,125.68,124.65,124.15,124.10,123.68,122.17,121.79,121.67,120.97,119.78,116.72,114.31,95.88,21.95,21.51.ppm;HRMSm/z(ESI)calcd for C22H18N[M+H]+296.1434,found 296.1438.
实施例18
按实施例1所述的方法,不同的是所用底物为:3,7-二三氟甲基碘鎓盐(338.5mg,0.6mmol),得产物2,7-二三氟甲基吲哚并[1,2-f]菲啶56.8mg,收率为47%,产物为黄色固体。m.p.:187-189℃ 1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.73(s,1H),8.37(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),8.32(s,1H),8.27(t,J=9.3Hz,2H),7.88(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.73–7.68(m,1H),7.60(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),7.50(ddd,J=8.5,7.1,1.3Hz,1H),7.43(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),7.32(s,1H)ppm;13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ138.45,137.62,135.73,135.57,133.95,130.45,129.20,125.68,124.65,124.15,124.10,123.68,122.17,121.79,121.67,120.97,119.78,116.72,114.31,95.88,21.95,21.51.ppm;HRMS m/z(ESI)calcd for C22H12F6N[M+H]+404.0868,found404.0874.
实施例19
按实施例1所述的方法,不同的是所用底物为:2,4-二甲基-7-氟碘鎓盐(283.9mg,0.6mmol),得产物7-氟-1,3-二甲基吲哚并[1,2-f]菲啶65.8mg,收率为70%,产物为白色固体。m.p.:144-146℃ 1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.27(dd,J=8.4,2.8Hz,1H),8.20(dd,J=8.8,6.2Hz,1H),8.16(dd,J=11.2,2.4Hz,1H),7.85(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.82(d,J=5.0Hz,1H),7.42(ddd,J=8.6,7.1,1.4Hz,1H),7.37(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),7.28(d,J=5.5Hz,1H),7.17(d,J=3.1Hz,1H),7.03–6.98(m,1H),2.81(s,3H),2.47(s,3H)ppm.13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ162.66,136.82,136.61,135.49,134.89,132.78,132.59,130.49,127.86,126.07,122.63,122.39,121.97,121.15,120.55,119.01,113.77,110.12,103.30,101.94,25.02,21.49ppm.HRMS m/z(ESI):calcd for C22H17FN[M+H]+314.1340,found 314.1339.
实施例20
按实施例1所述的方法,不同的是所用底物为:吡咯-2-羧酸(33.0mg,0.3mmol),3,7-二氯碘鎓盐(298.3mg,0.6mmol),得产物2,7-二氯吡咯并[1,2-f]菲啶70.4mg,收率为82%,产物为白色固体。m.p.=178-180℃ 1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.15(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),8.06(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.93(d,J=2.3Hz,1H),7.81(d,J=2.0Hz,1H),7.70(dd,J=3.0,1.4Hz,1H),7.34(ddd,J=9.0,7.5,2.2Hz,2H),6.95(dd,J=3.8,1.3Hz,1H),6.76(t,J=3.4Hz,1H)ppm.13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ134.60,134.36,133.78,128.26,127.45,126.37,125.24,124.36,124.05,122.57,122.39,119.61,115.23,113.91,113.05,103.43ppm.HRMSm/z(ESI):calcd for C16H10Cl2N[M+H]+286.0185,found 286.0192.
实施例21
按实施例1所述的方法,不同的是所用底物为:吡咯-2-羧酸(33.0mg,0.3mmol),3,7-二甲基碘鎓盐(273.7mg,0.6mmol),得产物2,7-二甲基吡咯并[1,2-f]菲啶39.0mg,收率为53%,产物为浅绿色固体。m.p.=125-127℃ 1H NMR(500MHz,CDCl3)δ8.20(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),8.12(d,J=8.3Hz,1H),7.87–7.63(m,3H),7.22(dddd,J=20.7,8.2,1.8,0.7Hz,2H),6.95(d,J=3.7Hz,1H),6.73(d,J=3.2Hz,1H),2.54(s,3H),2.51(s,3H)ppm.13C NMR(126MHz,CDCl3)δ138.20,137.46,132.84,129.48,127.29,125.87,125.01,123.60,122.70,122.60,122.19,119.33,115.17,112.87,111.96,101.64,21.67,21.53ppm.HRMSm/z(ESI):calcd for C18H16N[M+H]+246.1277,found246.1279.
Claims (4)
1.一种吲哚或吡咯并[1,2-f]菲啶类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述的合成方法为:
将吲哚或吡咯-2-羧酸(1)、碘鎓盐(2)、醋酸钯、碳酸钾、二苯基乙氧基膦溶解在DMF中,升温至120~150℃搅拌反应1~24h,之后反应液经后处理,得到所述吲哚或吡咯并[1,2-f]菲啶类化合物(3);
所述吲哚或吡咯-2-羧酸(1)、碘鎓盐(2)、醋酸钯、碳酸钾、二苯基乙氧基膦的物质的量之比为1:1~2:0.05~0.15:1.1~2.2:0.1~0.3;
式(1)表示吡咯-2-羧酸或吲哚-2-羧酸,当式(1)表示吡咯-2-羧酸时,与吡咯基并联的苯环和R1不存在,对应的产物是吡咯并[1,2-f]菲啶类化合物;当式(1)表示吲哚-2-羧酸时,与吡咯基并联的苯环和R1存在,对应的产物是吲哚并[1,2-f]菲啶类化合物;
式(1)、式(2)或式(3)中,
R1为:氢、甲氧基、甲基或氯;
(R2)m中的m=0-2,每个R2各自独立选自:氯、氟、甲基或三氟甲基;
(R3)n中的n=0-2,每个R3各自独立选自:氯、氟、甲基或三氟甲基。
2.如权利要求1所述的吲哚或吡咯并[1,2-f]菲啶类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述(R2)m中的m=1,所述(R3)n中的n=1,并且R2和R3相同。
3.如权利要求1所述的吲哚或吡咯并[1,2-f]菲啶类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述DMF的体积用量以吲哚或吡咯-2-羧酸(1)的质量计为20~60mL/g。
4.如权利要求1所述的吲哚或吡咯并[1,2-f]菲啶类化合物的合成方法,其特征在于,所述反应液的后处理方法为:反应结束后,反应液冷却至室温,用乙酸乙酯萃取,萃取液经无水硫酸钠干燥、过滤、浓缩后进行柱层析,以石油醚和乙酸乙酯体积比500~20:1的混合液为洗脱剂,收集含目标化合物的洗脱液,蒸除溶剂得到所述吲哚或吡咯并[1,2-f]菲啶类化合物(3)。
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Palladium-catalyzed tandem N–H/C–H arylation:regioselective synthesis of N-heterocycle-fused phenanthridines as versatile blue-emitting luminophores;Lipeng Yan等;《Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry》;20131231(第11期);7970表3-4.化合物4m,4n * |
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