CN107410004A - The selection of high head rice rate and the special elongated odor type conventional rice kind of rice grain - Google Patents
The selection of high head rice rate and the special elongated odor type conventional rice kind of rice grain Download PDFInfo
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- CN107410004A CN107410004A CN201710309565.1A CN201710309565A CN107410004A CN 107410004 A CN107410004 A CN 107410004A CN 201710309565 A CN201710309565 A CN 201710309565A CN 107410004 A CN107410004 A CN 107410004A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of high head rice rate and the selection of the special elongated odor type conventional rice kind of rice grain, belong to Crop Genetic Breeding technical field.This method utilizes Burma's specific breeds better resistance, the grain of rice is short round, head rice rate is high, and after boiling, the longitudinally extending property of rice grain is good, length and width ratio is big, in slender type, food flavor is in good taste to wait merit, passes through genetic improvement, under the premise of selecting and keeping the high head rice rate of original kind and rice cooking property, moderate growth duration is formulated out, plant becomes that short and rice quality is good, the long grain type rice varieties of the special elongated odor type of rice grain.
Description
Technical field
Present invention relates particularly to a kind of selection of the special elongated odor type conventional rice kind of high head rice rate and rice grain,
Belong to Crop Genetic Breeding technical field.
Background technology
Rice is China's staple food crop.China is main Rice Production state, as people's living standard improves, health
Diet and the food configuration of high nutrition also change therewith.The rice quality situation in China is increasingly not suitable with modern metropolitan cities crowd's
Demand, how to improve rice quality is current Genetic and breeding in rice focus.Burma " Bai Shan " kind has in Burma
The cultivation history of more than 130 years, there is cultivation to the north in Burma south, have a very wide distribution, adaptability is good, better resistance, growing surface
Product is big." Bai Shan " rice grains are short round（Rice grain length 6.00mm, the wide 2.9mm of grain, length-width ratio 2.07）, head rice rate is up to
More than 70%, after boiling, rice grain is in long grain type, and length is up to 11.5mm, and length-width ratio is up to 3.2, and rice rice grain is soft, does not bond.
But " Bai Shan " kind breeding time is up to 180d, and plant height 140cm, yield is general, average grain number per spike 80, thus be difficult to directly should
With, and it is low to produce upper easily lodging, productivity effect.Therefore, it is in stretch to extension feature to make full use of the kind rice grain, mutual by character
Mend, formulate out moderate growth duration, plant is short strong, better resistance, and the long grain rice routine new varieties of the high high yield odor type of head rice rate are right
The excellent conventional Rice level of production in China and rice quality are improved, optimization fine quality rice pattern of farming is significant, while
On Genetic and breeding in rice, to widening rice genetic resource, effectively there is actual application value using excellent character.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of high head rice rate and the special elongated high-quality odor type conventional rice kind of rice grain
Selection, that is, the high-quality conventional variety A of the dulcet long grain type of short breeding time, proper height, the grain of rice and plant height is respectively adopted
The long grain type conventional variety B that moderate, big panicle many grains per panicle, yielding ability are good, head rice rate is high is female parent；With the short round, rice grain of grain
Rice grain length reaches 11.5mm, length after the wide 2.9mm of long 6.00mm, grain, length-width ratio 2.07, head rice rate are up to more than 70%, boiling
It is wide than being male parent up to the rice varieties C of 3.2, better resistance, by hybridizing, reestablishing diplomatic relations, pedigree method selection, the technology such as Characters Identification, most
Select eventually while keeping the original rice cooking property of C kinds with mouthfeel, obtain moderate growth duration, plant becomes short, resistance
Good, high head rice rate, the long grain rice conventional variety of the odor type of high yield.
The method of the present invention specifically includes following steps：
1）It is respectively adopted that yielding ability is good, breeding time is short, proper height, the dulcet high-quality long grain type conventional variety A of the grain of rice and strain
High moderate, high head rice rate, big panicle many grains per panicle, the good long grain type kind B of yielding ability are female parent；It is short round with grain（Rice grain length
6.00mm, the wide 2.9mm of grain, length-width ratio 2.07）, head rice rate is up to more than 70%, and rice grain length reaches 11.5mm after boiling, long
For wide ratio up to 3.2, the rice varieties C of better resistance is male parent, makees cross combination FA/FCWith FB/FC；Plant first generation of hybrid FA/FCWith FB/
FC, and with FA/FCWith FB/FCHybridize again, a generation of reestablishing diplomatic relations is obtained, with F（A/C//B/C）Represent；Plant F（A/C//B/C）,And harvest F2Kind
Son；
2）Plant F2Seed, 2000-3000 strains are planted, therefrom select breeding time short（Time of infertility 130d or so）, plant height fits
In, leaf morphology is good, and fringe head is big, solid normal, the dulcet long grain type fine individual plant of paddy, harvests F3Seed simultaneously establishes strain
System；
3）Spring sows F3, ear in summer high temperature ripe, select setting percentage to be pressed up to the excellent strain of more than 85%, Comprehensive Traits
Strain harvests F4Seed, using long grain, high head rice rate kind B as control, it is processed using small rice polisher, therefrom selection has
Fragrance, transparent no white belly, rice matter outward appearance is good, grain type length（>8.0mm）, length-width ratio>3.2, head rice rate is high（>65%）F4Product
System；
4）With short round shaped grain, rice grain is in that the kind C longitudinally extended is control, and the polished rice being selected in after being processed in step 3 loads numbering
Small aluminium box tank, using weight 1：1.2 (polished rice：Moisture) ratio progress boiling, after boiling, it is vertical to differentiate that rice grain has from the appearance
To extension, select cooked rice grains loose, the strain of adhesion is random to take out 10 rice grain measurement length and width, averages, meal
Grain slender type (length>13.0mm length-width ratio>3.5), and rice extends in longitudinal direction, and palatability is good, color and luster is bright and fragrance it is excellent
Good F4For strain.
5）By above-mentioned selected F4Sowed by strain, so that yielding ability is good, breeding time is short, proper height, the grain of rice is dulcet excellent
The long grain type conventional variety A of matter is control, selects the yielding ability strain better than kind A, the system of selection of repeat step 2,3,4, receives
Obtain the F for meeting breeding objective5For seed strain；
6) F is planted5Generation.Repeat step 5）；By generation to plant height, breeding time, grain number per spike, head rice rate, cooking property and agronomy
Shape identified, finally selects that breeding time is short, and plant type is moderate, and yield traits is good, and head rice rate is high, and rice grain is in special elongated, food
The long grain type rice conventional variety of taste odor type in good taste.
2nd, described kind conventional variety A can be the high-quality conventional Rice that production is promoted：Ivory perfume (or spice) accounts for, million perfume No. 1, Wan Li
It is fragrant；The high head rice rate kind of the long grain types of kind B is restorer C10（Fu Haowei, high-quality mid-season super hybrid rice praise excellent 99 seed selection and
Its characteristic, Agriculture of Anhui science, 2004,32 (3):429）；C is that grain is short round, and head rice rate is high, and rice grain after boiling
Elongated, rice grain is longitudinally extending, and length-width ratio is up to more than 3.2, the good water Burma fine quality " Bai Shan " of palatability；Using artificial selection
The methods of being combined is identified with rice, finally obtains under the premise of keeping high head rice rate and rice cooking property, obtains breeding time
Moderate, plant becomes short, big panicle many grains per panicle, and the long grain type new rice variety of odor type that rice quality is good.
The outstanding advantages of the present invention：
Patent of the present invention is a kind of selection of the special elongated high-quality odor type conventional rice kind of rice grain.This method has following
Advantage：(1) overcome that " Bai Shan " kind breeding time is long, and plant height is too high, the shortcomings that easily lodging, so as to realize 1 year double season kind
Plant, improve rice yield；（2）The strain paddy elongated of incubation, head rice rate are high, meanwhile, the heredity excellent boiling of " Bai Shan "
After characteristic, i.e. boiling, rice grain Longitudinal extending is good, and rice grain spy is elongated, and length-width ratio is big, effectively improves processing and exterior quality；（3）
In the case of keeping original food flavor mouthfeel, and rice palatability is good, and has fragrance, improves rice commodity.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1：
1）It is respectively adopted that yielding ability is good, breeding time is short, proper height, the dulcet high-quality long grain type conventional variety " ivory of the grain of rice
Perfume (or spice) accounts for " and the good long grain type kind " C10 " of proper height, high head rice rate, big panicle many grains per panicle, yielding ability be female parent；It is short with grain
It is round（Rice grain length 6.00mm, the wide 2.9mm of grain, length-width ratio 2.07）, head rice rate is up to rice grain after more than 70%, boiling and grows
Degree is male parent up to 11.5mm, length-width ratio up to the rice varieties " Bai Shan " of 3.2, better resistance, makees cross combination FA/FCWith FB/FC；Kind
Plant first generation of hybrid FA/FCWith FB/FC, and with FA/FCWith FB/FCHybridize again, a generation of reestablishing diplomatic relations is obtained, with F（A/C//B/C）Represent；Plantation
F（A/C//B/C）,And harvest F2Seed；
2）Plant F2Seed, 2500 plants are planted, therefrom select breeding time short（Time of infertility 130d）, proper height, leaf morphology
Well, fringe head is big, solid normal, the dulcet long grain type fine individual plant of paddy, harvests F3Seed simultaneously establishes strain；
3）From F3The single-strain seed of selected strain, spring sowing F3, ear in summer high temperature ripe, select setting percentage up to 85% with
Strain upper, Comprehensive Traits are excellent, seed is harvested by strain, is control with long grain, high head rice rate kind " C10 ", use is small
Type rice polisher is processed, and therefrom selects savory, and transparent no white belly, rice matter outward appearance is good, grain type length（>8.0mm）, length-width ratio>
3.2, head rice rate is high（>65%）F4Strain；
4）With short round shaped grain, rice grain is in that the kind " Bai Shan " longitudinally extended is control, by step 3）The polished rice dress being selected in after middle processing
Enter the small aluminium box tank of numbering, using polished rice：The weight ratio of moisture is 1：1.2 ratios carry out boiling, after boiling, differentiate from the appearance
There is rice grain longitudinal direction to extend, and select cooked rice grains loose, the strain of adhesion, takes out 10 rice grain measurement length and width, makes even
Average, rice grain slender type (length>13.0mm length-width ratio>3.5), and rice in longitudinal direction extend, palatability is good, color and luster it is bright and
The excellent F4 of fragrance is for strain；
5）By above-mentioned selected F4Sowed by strain, so that yielding ability is good, breeding time is short, proper height, the dulcet high-quality length of the grain of rice
Grain type conventional variety " ivory perfume (or spice) accounts for " is control, selects the yielding ability strain better than kind " ivory perfume (or spice) accounts for ", repeat step 2）、
3）、4）System of selection, harvest meets the F of breeding objective5For seed strain；
6) F is planted5Generation.Repeat step 5）；By generation to plant height, breeding time, grain number per spike, head rice rate, cooking property and agronomy
Shape identified, finally selects that colony is neat, breeding time is short, plant type is moderate, yield traits is good, head rice rate is high, rice grain is in
The special long grain type rice conventional variety of odor type elongated, that food flavor is in good taste " uncle is fragrant No. 1 ".
Advantage：It is bred as that colony is neat, plant height becomes short, big panicle many grains per panicle, the long grain type of grain, head rice rate are high and meal after boiling
Grain is in the high-quality conventional Rice " uncle is fragrant No. 1 " of speciality type.While " Bai Shan " food flavor mouthfeel is maintained, yield significantly carries the kind
Rise, rice is savory, and chalk is few in vain, and proper height, lodging resistance is good, and strain leaf state is tall and straight.
Embodiment 2：
1）It is respectively adopted that yielding ability is good, breeding time is short, proper height, dulcet high-quality long grain type conventional variety " million perfume (or spice) 1 of the grain of rice
Number " and proper height, the good long grain type kind " C10 " of high head rice rate, big panicle many grains per panicle, yielding ability is female parent；With the short circle of grain
Type（Rice grain length 6.00mm, the wide 2.9mm of grain, length-width ratio 2.07）, head rice rate is up to more than 70%, rice grain length after boiling
Up to 11.5mm, for length-width ratio up to 3.2, the rice varieties " Bai Shan " of better resistance are male parent, make cross combination FA/FCWith FB/FC；Plantation
First generation of hybrid FA/FCWith FB/FC, and with FA/FCWith FB/FCHybridize again, a generation of reestablishing diplomatic relations is obtained, with F（A/C//B/C）Represent；Plantation
F（A/C//B/C）,And harvest F2Seed；
2）Plant F2Seed, 2500 plants are planted, therefrom select breeding time short（Time of infertility 130d）, proper height, leaf morphology
Get well, fringe head is big, solid normal, the dulcet long grain type fine individual plant of paddy, harvest F3Seed simultaneously establishes strain；
3）From F3The single-strain seed of selected strain, spring sowing F3, ear in summer high temperature ripe, select setting percentage up to 85% with
Strain upper, Comprehensive Traits are excellent, seed is harvested by strain, is control with long grain, high head rice rate kind " C10 ", use is small
Type rice polisher is processed, and therefrom selects savory, and transparent no white belly, rice matter outward appearance is good, grain type length（>8.0mm）, length-width ratio>
3.2, head rice rate is high（>65%）F4Strain；
4）With short round shaped grain, rice grain is in that the kind " Bai Shan " longitudinally extended is control, by step 3）The polished rice dress being selected in after middle processing
Enter the small aluminium box tank of numbering, using weight 1：1.2 (polished rice：Moisture) ratio progress boiling, after boiling, rice grain is differentiated from the appearance
With longitudinal extension, select cooked rice grains loose, the strain of adhesion, take out 10 rice grain measurement length and width, average,
Rice grain slender type (length>13.0mm length-width ratio>3.5), and rice extends in longitudinal direction, palatability is good, and color and luster is bright and fragrance
Excellent F4 is for strain.
5）By above-mentioned selected F4Sowed by strain, so that yielding ability is good, breeding time is short, proper height, the grain of rice is dulcet excellent
The long grain type conventional variety of matter " million is fragrant No. 1 " is control, selects the strain that yielding ability is better than kind " million is fragrant No. 1 ", repeat step 2）、
3）、4）System of selection, harvest meets the F of breeding objective5For seed strain；
6) F is planted5Generation.Repeat step 5）；By generation to plant height, breeding time, grain number per spike, head rice rate, cooking property and agronomy
Shape identified, finally selects that colony is neat, breeding time is short, and plant type is moderate, and yield traits is good, and head rice rate is high, and rice grain is in
The special long grain type rice conventional variety of odor type elongated, that food flavor is in good taste " uncle is fragrant No. 1 ".
Advantage：It is neat to be bred as colony, plant height becomes short, and plant and leaf shape state is good, and grain number per spike is more, the long grain type of grain, and head rice rate is high,
Rice grain speciality type and the high-quality conventional Rice " uncle is fragrant No. 1 " of rice grain loosely, the kind reduction in the life period so that 1 year double season after boiling
Plantation is possibly realized, and is overcoming the shortcomings of that " million is fragrant No. 1 " head rice rate is low outer, while " Bai Shan " food flavor mouthfeel is maintained,
The grain of rice is fragrant, improves the commodity of rice.
Embodiment 3：
1）It is respectively adopted that yielding ability is good, breeding time is short, dulcet high-quality long grain type conventional variety " ten thousand profits of proper height, the grain of rice
It is fragrant " and the good long grain type kind " C10 " of proper height, high head rice rate, big panicle many grains per panicle, yielding ability be maternal；With the short circle of grain
Type（Rice grain length 6.00mm, the wide 2.9mm of grain, length-width ratio 2.07）, head rice rate is up to more than 70%, rice grain length after boiling
Up to 11.5mm, for length-width ratio up to 3.2, the rice varieties " Bai Shan " of better resistance are male parent, make cross combination FA/FCWith FB/FC；Plantation
First generation of hybrid FA/FCWith FB/FC, and with FA/FCWith FB/FCHybridize again, a generation of reestablishing diplomatic relations is obtained, with F（A/C//B/C）Represent；Plantation
F（A/C//B/C）,And harvest F2Seed；
2）Plant F2Seed, 2500 plants are planted, therefrom select breeding time short（Time of infertility 130d or so）, proper height, strain leaf
Form is good, fringe head is big, solid normal, the dulcet long grain type fine individual plant of paddy, harvests F3Seed simultaneously establishes strain；
3）From F3The single-strain seed of selected strain, spring sowing F3, ear in summer high temperature ripe, select setting percentage up to 85% with
Strain upper, Comprehensive Traits are excellent, seed is harvested by strain, is control with long grain, high head rice rate kind " C10 ", use is small
Type rice polisher is processed, and therefrom selects savory, and transparent no white belly, rice matter outward appearance is good, grain type length（>8.0mm）, length-width ratio>
3.2, head rice rate is high（>65%）F4Strain；
4）With short round shaped grain, rice grain is in that the kind " Bai Shan " longitudinally extended is control, by step 3）The polished rice dress being selected in after middle processing
Enter the small aluminium box tank of numbering, using weight 1：1.2 (polished rice：Moisture) ratio progress boiling, after boiling, rice grain is differentiated from the appearance
With longitudinal extension, select cooked rice grains loose, the strain of adhesion, take out 10 rice grain measurement length and width, average,
Rice grain slender type (length>13.0mm length-width ratio>3.5), and rice extends in longitudinal direction, palatability is good, and color and luster is bright and fragrance
Excellent F4 is for strain.
5）By above-mentioned selected F4Sowed by strain, so that yielding ability is good, breeding time is short, proper height, the grain of rice are dulcet excellent
The long grain type conventional variety " Wan Lixiang " of matter is control, selects the yielding ability strain better than kind " Wan Lixiang ", repeat step 2）、
3）、4）System of selection, harvest meets the F of breeding objective5For seed strain；
6) F is planted5Generation.Repeat step 5）；By generation to plant height, breeding time, grain number per spike, head rice rate, cooking property and agronomy
Shape identified, finally selects that colony is neat, breeding time is short, and plant type is moderate, and yield traits is good, and head rice rate is high, and rice grain is in
The special long grain type rice conventional variety of odor type elongated, that food flavor is in good taste " uncle is blue fragrant No. 1 ".
Advantage：The new varieties " Berli fragrant No. 1 " of incubation, have that plant type is moderate, and plant height is short, and leaf appearance is tall and straight, grain number per spike it is more and
The advantages that lodging resistance is good, while " Bai Shan " food flavor mouthfeel is maintained and rice has longitudinally extending property, the grain of rice is savory, whole
Polished rice rate is high, and chalk is few in vain, improves the yield and commodity of rice.
Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is the foregoing is only, all changes done according to scope of the present invention patent are with repairing
Decorations, it should all belong to the covering scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
- A kind of 1. selection of high head milled rice and the special elongated odor type conventional rice kind of rice grain, it is characterised in that：Adopt respectively With breeding time is short, the high-quality conventional variety A of the dulcet long grain type of proper height, the grain of rice and proper height, big panicle many grains per panicle, yielding ability The long grain type conventional variety B good, head rice rate is high is female parent；With short round, the rice grain length 6.00mm of grain, the wide 2.9mm of grain, length It is wide than for 2.07, head rice rate be up to rice grain length after more than 70%, boiling up to 11.5mm, length-width ratio up to 3.2, better resistance water Rice varieties C is male parent, by hybridizing, reestablishing diplomatic relations, pedigree method selection, the technology such as Characters Identification, finally select and keeping C kinds former While having rice cooking property and mouthfeel, moderate growth duration is obtained, plant becomes short, better resistance, high head rice rate, the perfume (or spice) of high yield The long grain rice conventional variety of type.
- 2. the selection of high head milled rice according to claim 1 and the special elongated odor type conventional rice kind of rice grain, its It is characterised by：Specifically comprise the following steps：1）It is respectively adopted that yielding ability is good, breeding time is short, proper height, the dulcet high-quality long grain type conventional variety A of the grain of rice and strain Height fits the good long grain type kind B of middle and high head rice rate, big panicle many grains per panicle, yielding ability as female parent；With short round, the rice grain length of grain Rice grain length reaches 11.5mm, length and width after the wide 2.9mm of 6.00mm, grain, length-width ratio 2.07, head rice rate are up to more than 70%, boiling It is male parent than the rice varieties C up to 3.2, better resistance, makees cross combination FA/FCWith FB/FC；Plant first generation of hybrid FA/FCWith FB/FC, And with FA/FCWith FB/FCHybridize again, a generation of reestablishing diplomatic relations is obtained, with F（A/C//B/C）Represent；Plant F（A/C//B/C）,And harvest F2Seed；2）Plant F2Seed, 2000-3000 strains are planted, therefrom select short breeding time, time of infertility 130d, proper height, strain leaf Form is good, fringe head is big, solid normal, the dulcet long grain type fine individual plant of paddy, harvests F3Seed simultaneously establishes strain；3）Spring sows F3, ear in summer high temperature ripe, select setting percentage to be pressed up to the excellent strain of more than 85%, Comprehensive Traits Strain harvests F4Seed, using long grain, high head rice rate kind B as control, it is processed using small rice polisher, therefrom selection has Fragrance, transparent no white belly, rice matter outward appearance are good, grain type length>8.0mm, length-width ratio>3.2nd, head rice rate>65% F4Strain；4）Using short round shaped grain, rice grain be in the kind C that longitudinally extends for control, the polished rice that is selected in after processing in step 3), which loads, numbers Small aluminium box tank, using polished rice：Moisture weight ratio is 1：1.2 carry out boiling, and after boiling, it is vertical to differentiate that rice grain has from the appearance To extend, selection cooked rice grains are loose, adhesion strain, random to take out 10 rice grains measurement length and width, average, meal Grain slender type, length>13.0mm length-width ratio>3.5, and rice extends in longitudinal direction, palatability is good, and color and luster is bright and the F4 of fragrance For strain；5）By above-mentioned selected F4Sowed by strain, so that yielding ability is good, breeding time is short, proper height, the dulcet high-quality long grain of the grain of rice Type conventional variety A is control, selects the yielding ability strain better than kind A, repeat step 2）、3）、4）System of selection, harvest symbol Close the F of breeding objective5For seed strain；6) F is planted5Generation, repeat step 5）；By generation to plant height, breeding time, grain number per spike, head rice rate, cooking property and economical character Identified, finally select that breeding time is short, and plant type is moderate, yield traits is good, and head rice rate is high, and rice grain is in special elongated, food flavor The long grain type rice conventional variety of odor type in good taste.
- 3. the selection of high head milled rice according to claim 1 and the special elongated odor type conventional rice kind of rice grain, its It is characterised by：Described kind A is the high-quality conventional Rice that production is promoted：Ivory perfume (or spice) accounts for, one kind in million perfume 1, Wan Lixiang；Product Kind B is C10；Kind C is Burma fine quality Bai Shan.
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| CN109452165A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-12 | 福建邦粮农业科技有限公司 | A kind of selection of the high-quality black rice rice varieties of long grain odor type |
| CN109618916A (en) * | 2019-02-02 | 2019-04-16 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of selection of long grain odor type High quality glutinous rice conventional variety |
| CN111567400A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-08-25 | 湖北省农业科学院粮食作物研究所 | Method for efficiently breeding high-yield high-quality fragrant long-grain japonica rice |
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