CN107403827B - 显示基板和显示装置 - Google Patents

显示基板和显示装置 Download PDF

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CN107403827B
CN107403827B CN201710611667.9A CN201710611667A CN107403827B CN 107403827 B CN107403827 B CN 107403827B CN 201710611667 A CN201710611667 A CN 201710611667A CN 107403827 B CN107403827 B CN 107403827B
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flat cable
far
power supply
display
electrode
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CN107403827A (zh
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黄世花
阳智勇
付超
贺伟
王静
宋德雄
黄立为
李伟
马超
李超凡
陈飞
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Chengdu BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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BOE Technology Group Co Ltd
Chengdu BOE Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
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    • G09G3/3208—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED] organic, e.g. using organic light-emitting diodes [OLED]
    • G09G3/3275—Details of drivers for data electrodes
    • G09G3/3291—Details of drivers for data electrodes in which the data driver supplies a variable data voltage for setting the current through, or the voltage across, the light-emitting elements
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Abstract

本发明属于显示技术领域，具体涉及一种显示基板和显示装置。该显示基板划分为显示区和非显示区，所述非显示区设置有近端排线和远端排线，所述近端排线和所述远端排线相对设置于所述显示区的两侧；所述显示区内设置有阵列分布的多个像素和平行分布的多条数据线，每一所述数据线分别与所述近端排线和所述远端排线连接，其中，每一所述像素均设置有电源引进结构，多个所述像素的所述电源引进结构互相连接，所述电源引进结构分别与所述近端排线和所述远端排线连接并形成通路。该显示基板通过增加一层与阳极同层的电源引进结构形成VDD走线回路来变更原VDD走线路径，能有效降低OLED显示屏中压降差异、提升显示屏亮度均一性，还缩小了显示屏寿命区块差异。

Description

显示基板和显示装置
技术领域
本发明属于显示技术领域，具体涉及一种显示基板和显示装置。
背景技术
随着显示技术的发展，OLED(Organic Light-Emitting Diode:有机发光二极管)显示装置已成为目前平板显示装置的新宠，其具有自发光、响应速度快宽视角等诸多优点，因此得到了广泛的应用。亮度均匀性是影响显示屏显示效果的重要因素，目前显示屏需求厂家都引进长程均一性(Long Range Uniformity，简称LRU)对显示屏的性能进行评价。
目前由于OLED显示屏中各像素的驱动电源VDD置于外部印刷电路板(PrintedCircuit Board，简称PCB)或柔性线路板Flexible Printed Circuit board，简称FPC)上，导致出现如图1所示的OLED显示屏的亮度从VDD输入近端到远端存在亮度降低的问题，致使显示屏亮度均一性差，尤其对于大尺寸和高分辨率的产品、显示高亮画面时该现象尤其严重，光学评价长程均一性差。
另外，当在高亮画面下远端需要达到一定的亮度时，势必需要增大VDD的幅值来保证亮度，这必然带来功耗增加的新问题。例如对于主动驱动式OLED显示屏而言，显示屏的亮度长时间不均一，像素中发光层区块发光(EL)材料消耗不同，易引发显示屏寿命区块差异性问题。
可见，如何降低OLED显示屏中压降差异、提升显示屏亮度均一性成为目前亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是针对现有技术中上述不足，提供一种显示基板和显示装置，能有效降低OLED显示屏中压降差异、提升显示屏亮度均一性。
解决本发明技术问题所采用的技术方案是该显示基板，划分为显示区和非显示区，所述非显示区设置有近端排线和远端排线，所述近端排线和所述远端排线相对设置于所述显示区的两侧；所述显示区内设置有阵列分布的多个像素和平行分布的多条数据线，每一所述数据线分别与所述近端排线和所述远端排线连接，其中，每一所述像素均设置有电源引进结构，多个所述像素的所述电源引进结构互相连接，所述电源引进结构分别与所述近端排线和所述远端排线连接并形成通路。
优选的是，所述非显示区中，在对应着所述近端排线的区域、与所述电源引进结构同层设置有近端电极，在对应着所述远端排线的区域、与所述电源引进结构同层设置有远端电极，所述电源引进结构分别与所述近端排线和所述远端电极连接，且所述近端排线与所述近端电极连接、所述远端排线与所述远端电极连接。
优选的是，所述近端排线和所述远端排线同层设置，所述近端排线和所述远端排线与所述近端电极和所述远端电极之间设置有绝缘层，所述近端排线和所述近端电极通过第一绝缘层通孔连接，所述远端排线和所述远端电极通过第二绝缘层通孔连接。
优选的是，所述像素包括控制元件和发光器件，所述发光器件包括阳极，所述电源引进结构与所述阳极同层设置、形状相似，且相离设置于所述阳极的外围。
优选的是，所述电源引进结构、所述阳极、所述近端电极和所述远端电极采用相同的材料、在同一构图工艺中形成。
优选的是，所述阳极为六边形结构，多个所述电源引进结构形成网状结构。
优选的是，所述控制元件包括栅极、源极和漏极，同列的多个所述控制元件的源极与同一所述数据线连接，所述控制元件的漏极与所述阳极连接。
优选的是，所述近端排线、所述远端排线和所述数据线同层设置，且采用相同的材料、在同一构图工艺中形成。
优选的是，所述显示基板还包括驱动芯片，所述驱动芯片通过所述近端电极、所述电源引进结构、所述远端电极形成的通路，以及所述近端排线、所述数据线和所述远端排线形成的通路，形成回路向所述像素提供驱动电源。
一种显示装置，包括上述的显示基板。
本发明的有益效果是：该显示基板通过增加一层与阳极同层的电源引进结构形成VDD走线回路来变更原VDD走线路径，使得VDD还经驱动芯片远端向驱动芯片近端传输，从而保证VDD同时从两端向中间传输来降低VDD压降，较大程度地抵消驱动芯片近端和驱动芯片远端由于压降差导致的亮度不均问题，达到降低VDD压降和改善显示基板长程均一性的目的，提高了显示基板的亮度均一性，还缩小了显示屏寿命区块差异，特别是对于中大尺寸的显示屏改善尤为明显。
附图说明
图1为现有技术显示屏中VDD电压的分布示意图；
图2为本发明实施例1中提供VDD传输的走线示意图；
图3为本发明实施例1中包括电源引进结构的平面示意图；
图4为本发明实施例1中包括阳极和电源引进结构的平面示意图；
图5为现有技术显示屏中提供VDD传输的走线示意图；
图6为本发明实施例1中端排线与端电极连接的剖视图；
图7为本发明实施例1中VDD压降走线的等效阻抗示意图；
图8为本发明实施例1中VDD电压的分布示意图；
图9为显示屏中2T1C驱动电路的结构示意图；
附图标识中：
11－驱动芯片；12-数据线；13-近端排线；14-远端排线；15-扫描线；
21-阳极；22-电源引进结构；23-近端电极；24-远端电极；
31-衬底；32-第一绝缘层；33-端排线；34-第二绝缘层；35-端电极；36-钝化层；
41-显示区；42-非显示区。
具体实施方式
为使本领域技术人员更好地理解本发明的技术方案，下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明显示基板和显示装置作进一步详细描述。
实施例1：
针对目前OLED显示基板中由于VDD单向走线导致压降差，进而引起亮度从VDD输入近端到远端存在亮度降低，致使显示基板亮度均一性差的问题，本实施例提供一种显示基板，采用内部局域补偿的方式有效改善显示基板亮度均一性、降低走线阻抗和部分功耗，提升亮度均一性，达到更好的显示效果。
该显示基板划分为显示区和非显示区，如图2所示，驱动芯片11设置于非显示区42外；参考图5，非显示区42内设置有近端排线13和远端排线14，驱动芯片11与近端排线13连接，近端排线13和远端排线14相对设置于显示区41的两侧，显示区41内设置有阵列分布的多个像素和平行分布的多条数据线12，每一数据线12分别与近端排线13和远端排线14连接；同时参考图3，每一像素均设置有电源引进结构22，多个像素的电源引进结构22互相连接，电源引进结构22分别与近端排线13和远端排线14连接并形成通路。本实施例的显示基板通过一种新的VDD走线设计，形成从驱动芯片11远端到驱动芯片11近端回路的方式，实现VDD分别从远端向近端和近端向远端双向传输的方式，对VDD走线压降进行补偿与平均，从而达到降低压降提升显示基板亮度均一性的目的。
像素包括控制元件和发光器件，发光器件包括阳极，如图4所示，电源引进结构22与阳极21同层设置、形状相似，且相离设置于阳极21的外围。图4中，阳极21为六边形结构，多个电源引进结构22形成网状结构。当然，图4中的阳极21和电源引进结构22的形状仅为示例，根据设计所需的阳极21排列和具体形状，可对电源引进结构22做相应的改变，这里不做限定。
阳极21位于数据线12的上方，从图2和图3中可见，非显示区42在对应着近端排线13的上方设置有近端电极23，对应着远端排线14的上方设置有远端电极24，近端电极23、远端电极24和电源引进结构22同层，电源引进结构22分别与近端排线13和远端电极24连接，且近端排线13与近端电极23连接、远端排线14与远端电极24连接。
近端排线13和远端排线14同层设置，近端电极23和远端电极24同层设置，近端排线13和远端排线14与近端电极23和远端电极24之间设置有绝缘层，近端排线13和近端电极23通过第一绝缘层通孔连接，远端排线14和远端电极24通过第二绝缘层通孔连接。近端电极23和远端电极24相比电源引进结构22，多了与近端排线13和远端排线14打孔连接的厚度，因此通常近端电极23和远端电极24的厚度比电源引进结构22的厚度大。
通常情况下，为了简化工艺，非显示区42与显示区41的相应层结构采用相同的材料，在同一构图工艺中形成。优选的是，电源引进结构22、阳极21、近端电极23和远端电极24同层设置，且采用相同的材料、在同一构图工艺中形成；以及，近端排线13、远端排线14和数据线12同层设置，且采用相同的材料、在同一构图工艺中形成。上述电源引进结构22所在层和数据线12所在层的两层结构通过局域打孔进行连通。
如图5所示，现有技术中显示屏中各像素的驱动电源VDD的传输路径为：经驱动芯片11(IC)、并采用数据线12单向走线的方式加载至个像素，VDD通过数据线12由驱动芯片11的近端向远端进行传输，由于走线阻抗(Impedance)随着传输路径方向越来越大，导致压降(IR drop)呈单向递减性，图1示出了VDD电压的分布，其中，深色的Max为电压最大，浅色的Min为电压最小。从图1可见，驱动芯片11近端的VDD大于驱动芯片11远端的VDD。
本实施例的显示基板，则还形成从驱动芯片11远端到驱动芯片11近端回路的方式，使得VDD分别从远端向近端和近端向远端双向传输的方式，对VDD走线压降进行补偿与平均，从而达到降低压降提升显示基板亮度均一性的目的。具体的，本实施例中显示基板的工作原理为，驱动芯片11通过近端电极23、电源引进结构22、远端电极24形成的通路，以及近端排线13、数据线12和远端排线14形成的通路，形成回路向像素提供驱动电源。即采用将非显示区42部分端排线与端电极两层进行打孔搭接做连接处理、而中间显示区41部分不做两层的连接处理的方式，使VDD通过两导电层进行传输，从而实现VDD传输路径除目前的近端排线13→数据线12→远端排线14单向的方式传输外，还可以由近端排线13→近端电极23→电源引进结构22→远端电极24→远端排线14的方式传输，使得VDD的分布因传输回路得到补偿，进一步使得显示基板的亮度均一性更好。
显示区41的像素结构无需做任何改动，控制元件包括栅极、源极和漏极，同列的多个控制元件的源极与同一数据线12连接，控制元件的漏极与阳极21连接。如图6所示的显示基板在非显示区42的局部剖视图，衬底31的上方为第一绝缘层32，第一绝缘层32的上方为端排线33(可以为近端排线13或远端排线14侧)，端排线33的上方为第二绝缘层34，第二绝缘层34的上方为端电极35(可以为近端电极23或远端电极24侧)，端电极35的上方为钝化层36。对应着显示区41，每一像素均包括薄膜晶体管(即控制元件)和薄膜晶体管上方的发光器件，此时，第一绝缘层32与薄膜晶体管的栅绝缘层同层，端排线33与薄膜晶体管的源极/漏极所在层同层，端电极35与薄膜晶体管上方的发光器件的阳极21所在层同层，可见，采用这种VDD的走线方式并不需增加额外的构图工艺，只需改变构图掩模板的图案即可，因此并不会增加工艺制备成本。
容易理解的是，本实施例显示基板仅以近端排线13与近端电极23之间、远端排线14与远端电极24之间各开设一个通孔进行搭接连通作为示例，随着显示基板尺寸增大、像素的增多可以开设多个通孔对两层结构进行搭接连通，这里不做限定。
当然，由于端电极与电源引进结构22也存在阻抗的缘故，VDD压降走线示意如图7所示的VDD走线的等效阻抗示意图，其中R’为近端排线13的阻抗，R1、R2……RN为起始于近端排线13终止于远端排线14之间的各数据线12自身的阻抗，R0为近端电极23、电源引进结构22与远端电极24之间的阻抗，VDD在传输过程中形成回路。在图7的等效阻抗的基础上，最终得到的整个显示基板的VDD幅值排布如图8所示。对比图1的VDD幅值排布可知，此时VDD幅值最小值已经不是显示基板最远端处，可见采用这种VDD传输回路方式对改善显示屏长程均一性有显著的效果。
基于上述的VDD传输方式，参照如图9所示的2T1C结构的基本像素驱动电路，像素亮度与驱动电源VDD的关系如下式所示：
Figure BDA0001359662320000071
Vsg＝Vs-Vg＝VDD-Vg
Lv∝KIOLED
当施加到薄膜晶体管源极上的电压即VDD，由于像素亮度Lv与输入电流IOLED成正比，均衡VDD幅值排布，将使得显示屏的亮度均一，像素中发光层区块发光(EL)材料消耗基本相同，避免显示屏寿命区块差异性问题。
本实施例中的显示基板，通过增加一层与阳极同层的电源引进结构形成VDD走线回路来变更原VDD走线路径，使得VDD还经驱动芯片远端向驱动芯片近端传输，从而保证VDD同时从两端向中间传输来降低VDD压降，较大程度地抵消驱动芯片近端和驱动芯片远端由于压降差导致的亮度不均问题，达到降低VDD压降和改善显示基板长程均一性的目的，提高了显示基板的亮度均一性，还缩小了显示屏寿命区块差异，特别是对于中大尺寸的显示屏改善尤为明显。
实施例2：
本实施例提供一种显示装置，该显示装置包括实施例1的显示基板。
该显示装置可以为：台式电脑、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、手机、PDA、GPS、车载显示、投影显示、摄像机、数码相机、电子手表、计算器、电子仪器、仪表、液晶面板、电子纸、电视机、显示器、数码相框、导航仪等任何具有显示功能的产品或部件，可应用于公共显示和虚幻显示等多个领域。
该显示装置亮度均一性好，具有较好的显示效果。
可以理解的是，以上实施方式仅仅是为了说明本发明的原理而采用的示例性实施方式，然而本发明并不局限于此。对于本领域内的普通技术人员而言，在不脱离本发明的精神和实质的情况下，可以做出各种变型和改进，这些变型和改进也视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (9)

1.一种显示基板，划分为显示区和非显示区，所述非显示区设置有近端排线和远端排线，所述近端排线和所述远端排线相对设置于所述显示区的两侧；所述显示区内设置有阵列分布的多个像素和平行分布的多条数据线，每一所述数据线分别与所述近端排线和所述远端排线连接，其特征在于，每一所述像素均设置有电源引进结构，多个所述像素的所述电源引进结构互相连接，所述电源引进结构分别与所述近端排线和所述远端排线连接并形成通路；所述显示基板还包括驱动芯片，所述驱动芯片与所述近端排线连接，所述驱动芯片用于向所述像素提供驱动电源VDD；
所述非显示区中，在对应着所述近端排线的区域、与所述电源引进结构同层设置有近端电极，在对应着所述远端排线的区域、与所述电源引进结构同层设置有远端电极，所述电源引进结构分别与所述近端排线和所述远端电极连接，且所述近端排线与所述近端电极连接、所述远端排线与所述远端电极连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的显示基板，其特征在于，所述近端排线和所述远端排线同层设置，所述近端排线和所述远端排线与所述近端电极和所述远端电极之间设置有绝缘层，所述近端排线和所述近端电极通过第一绝缘层通孔连接，所述远端排线和所述远端电极通过第二绝缘层通孔连接。
3.根据权利要求1所述的显示基板，其特征在于，所述像素包括控制元件和发光器件，所述发光器件包括阳极，所述电源引进结构与所述阳极同层设置、形状相似，且相离设置于所述阳极的外围。
4.根据权利要求3所述的显示基板，其特征在于，所述电源引进结构、所述阳极、所述近端电极和所述远端电极采用相同的材料、在同一构图工艺中形成。
5.根据权利要求3所述的显示基板，其特征在于，所述阳极为六边形结构，多个所述电源引进结构形成网状结构。
6.根据权利要求3所述的显示基板，其特征在于，所述控制元件包括栅极、源极和漏极，同列的多个所述控制元件的源极与同一所述数据线连接，所述控制元件的漏极与所述阳极连接。
7.根据权利要求2所述的显示基板，其特征在于，所述近端排线、所述远端排线和所述数据线同层设置，且采用相同的材料、在同一构图工艺中形成。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的显示基板，其特征在于，所述驱动芯片通过所述近端电极、所述电源引进结构、所述远端电极形成的通路，以及所述近端排线、所述数据线和所述远端排线形成的通路，形成回路向所述像素提供驱动电源。
9.一种显示装置，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-8任一项所述的显示基板。
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