CN107396729B - Peanut cultivation method suitable for mechanized harvesting - Google Patents

Peanut cultivation method suitable for mechanized harvesting Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN107396729B
CN107396729B CN201710663666.9A CN201710663666A CN107396729B CN 107396729 B CN107396729 B CN 107396729B CN 201710663666 A CN201710663666 A CN 201710663666A CN 107396729 B CN107396729 B CN 107396729B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
plant
peanut
plants
days
period
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201710663666.9A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN107396729A (en
Inventor
曲杰
高建强
程亮
张智猛
庞建新
王素芳
贾振东
田成方
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heze academy of agricultural sciences
Original Assignee
Heze academy of agricultural sciences
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heze academy of agricultural sciences filed Critical Heze academy of agricultural sciences
Priority to CN201710663666.9A priority Critical patent/CN107396729B/en
Publication of CN107396729A publication Critical patent/CN107396729A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN107396729B publication Critical patent/CN107396729B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/06—Coating or dressing seed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G7/00—Botany in general
    • A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
    • A01N43/64—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with three nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • A01N43/647—Triazoles; Hydrogenated triazoles
    • A01N43/653—1,2,4-Triazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-triazoles
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
    • A01N47/10—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof
    • A01N47/24—Carbamic acid derivatives, i.e. containing the group —O—CO—N<; Thio analogues thereof containing the groups, or; Thio analogues thereof
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
    • A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
    • A01N47/34—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the groups, e.g. biuret; Thio analogues thereof; Urea-aldehyde condensation products
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
    • C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers

Abstract

The invention discloses a peanut cultivation method suitable for mechanized harvesting, which comprises the following specific steps: the peanut type and variety are optimized, the seeding management is enhanced, the seedling emergence quality is improved, and the uniformity of plants, the strength and toughness of stalks and fruit needles and the uprightness of the plants are improved; reasonably controlling the fertilizer water, controlling the period of flowering and injection, promoting the pod concentration, and keeping the proper and full pod number of a single plant; the prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests are enhanced, the falling of diseased plants, weak plants and leaves is reduced, the foliar fertilizer is properly applied, and the harvest time is prolonged. The beneficial effects obtained by the invention are as follows: (1) can improve the uprightness of peanut plants, keep the plant height between 40 and 45cm, the side branch length/main stem height between 1 and 1.03, reduce the disease index of leaf spot disease by more than 20 percent, increase the yield of pods by more than 15 percent and facilitate mechanized harvest, and the number of green leaves in the harvest period is 3 to 5.

Description

Peanut cultivation method suitable for mechanized harvesting
Technical Field
The invention relates to a peanut cultivation method, in particular to a peanut cultivation method suitable for mechanized harvesting.
Background
The mechanical peanut harvesting is one of the problems to be solved urgently by the peanut planting industry in China, except for the mechanical technical level, the peanut planting mode, the management level, the peanut variety and the peanut cultivation technology have influences on the peanut plant type, the fruiting range, the stalk strength and the harvest period, the peanut harvesting efficiency can be obviously influenced, and the mechanical peanut harvesting plant type can improve the harvest rate, reduce diseased branches and reduce biological pollution of harvested plants.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems that: the peanut cultivation method is suitable for mechanized harvesting, can effectively improve the peanut harvesting rate, reduces diseased branches and is suitable for mechanized harvesting, so that the working efficiency of peanut harvesting is further improved.
In order to solve the problems, the peanut cultivation method suitable for mechanized harvesting comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, optimizing peanut plant types and varieties, enhancing seeding management, improving seedling emergence quality, improving plant uniformity,
The obdurability of the stalks and the fruit needles and the uprightness of the plants specifically comprise:
(1) and (3) plant type selection is strengthened, and the selection standard is as follows: selecting a vertical plant type with a main stem height of 40-50 cm; ② the spring peanuts in the growth period are used for 130 days in 120 plus year mode, and the summer peanuts are used for 125 days in 115 plus year mode; thirdly, the stalks are relatively thick and strong; fourthly, the resistance to leaf spot is good;
(2) strictly selecting seeds, and coating the selected seeds, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, selecting seeds without breaking shells, mildewing, cleaning shells and filling nuts; second, after husking, selecting to ensure that the seeds do not break the seed coat and have no abnormal sample; ③ the test germination rate of the seeds is more than 98.5 percent, and the germination potential is more than 95 percent; fourthly, coating treatment is carried out by adopting seed coating agent for preventing bacteria and underground pests;
(3) single-seed machine sowing and film covering are adopted, drip irrigation is carried out to promote seedlings, strong seedlings are cultivated, and the uniformity of plant growth is increased; the method has the advantages that proper density is guaranteed, the lateral branch is prevented from excessively fast growing, the ratio of the lateral branch length to the main stem height is coordinated to be about 1, and the uprightness of plants is enhanced, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, regulating peanut ridging and sowingThe film laminating machine is used for single-grain seeding and ensuring uniform seeding, the seed spacing is 10-12cm, and the ridge surface width is 43-45 cm; drip irrigation water is timely carried out twice after sowing, and the drip irrigation water amount is 5m after sowing and film covering for the first time3Per mu; the second time, the third day after drip irrigation, the drip irrigation quantity is 5m3Per mu; thirdly, ensuring the population density to achieve 13000-;
and 2, reasonably controlling the fertilizer water, controlling the flowering and injection period, promoting pod concentration, and keeping the proper and full pod number of a single plant, wherein the method comprises the following three aspects:
(1) control seedling stage soil moisture, increase nitrogen phosphorus potassium fertilizer, reach and slow down plant growth speed, shorten the internode, increase the efficiency of stem thickness, specifically include: after seedling emergence, drip irrigation is not carried out, and watering is not carried out for 15-20 days; secondly, 400 g/mu of 0.1 percent urea, 80 g/mu of 0.02 percent monopotassium phosphate, 100 g/mu of zinc sulfate and 50 g/mu of boric fertilizer are sprayed on the leaf surfaces for 2 times at intervals of 7-10 days; thirdly, spraying 0.01 percent of sodium thiosulfate 40 g/mu for 1 time, inhibiting light respiration and promoting photosynthesis;
(2) the water is controlled in the flowering period after watering, so that the concentrated flowering and needle insertion are promoted, and the ineffective flowers are reduced. Drip irrigation for 1 time within 10 days after the beginning of the flowering period, and the water amount is controlled to be 15-25m3Per mu; controlling water for 20 days after drip irrigation, preventing the flowering phase from being prolonged due to much water, realizing centralized flowering and centralized needle placement; controlling the use of foliar fertilizer, especially monopotassium phosphate, zinc sulfate and boron fertilizer, and preventing the generation of ineffective flowers;
(3) in the pod expanding period, properly drip irrigation fruit expanding water to control plant growth, promote pod expansion and dry matter accumulation, reduce ineffective growth of plants and plant overall excellent risk, and specifically comprise: firstly, measuring the water content of soil at the depth of 10cm, keeping the water content at 60-70%, and preventing the water content from being too small or too large; secondly, applying 80 g/mu of 0.02 percent monopotassium phosphate on the leaf surfaces for 2 times at intervals of 7-10 days; thirdly, 0.01 percent sodium thiosulfate is sprayed for 1 time, the spraying amount is 40 g/mu each time, the light respiration is inhibited, and the photosynthesis is promoted; fourthly, spraying a chemical growth control agent to inhibit the growth of the plants and keeping the height of the plants between 40 and 45 cm;
step 3, enhancing pest control, reducing falling of diseased plants, weak plants and leaves, appropriately applying foliar fertilizer, and prolonging the harvest time, specifically comprising:
(1) the method has the advantages of reducing the occurrence of leaf spot, keeping the functions of leaves and effectively increasing the green leaf period of peanuts, and specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, in 8-month middle ten days, before leaf spot disease occurs, 70% thiophanate methyl is sprayed for 50 g/mu, 20 ml/mu of difenoconazole and 20 g/mu of kresoxim methyl for 2 times, and the interval is 7-10 days, so that the occurrence of diseases is reduced; secondly, controlling peanut brown spot, continuously spraying 2000 times of solution of 20 percent triazolone missible oil for 2 times at the early stage of disease attack, wherein the spraying amount is 40 ml/mu, and the interval is 7-10 days;
(2) the emergence development of control peanut overground part pest, the mechanical damage of reduction blade or stem stalk prolongs the plant functional stage, specifically does: 20 ml/mu of 10% chlorantraniliprole, 40 ml/mu of 5% abamectin emamectin benzoate missible oil and 20 g/mu of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder are sprayed from the flowering period to the harvest period to prevent and control aphids, red spiders and various green insects;
(3) the fertilizer is supplemented on the leaf surfaces, so that the premature senility of the peanut due to fertilizer removal is prevented, and a longer suitable harvest period is maintained, which specifically comprises the following steps: from the swelling period to the harvesting period, spraying 400 g/mu of 0.1% urea and 80 g/mu of 0.02% monopotassium phosphate on leaf surfaces for 2 times at intervals of 7-10 days to prevent the premature senility of the fertilizer removal and the premature falling of the leaves;
the beneficial effects obtained by the invention are as follows: (1) can improve the uprightness of peanut plants, keep the plant height between 40 and 45cm, the side branch length/main stem height between 1 and 1.03, reduce the disease index of leaf spot disease by more than 20 percent, increase the yield of pods by more than 15 percent and facilitate mechanized harvest, and the number of green leaves in the harvest period is 3 to 5.
Detailed Description
Example 1
2 mu of peanut field is selected in the lotus leaf city of Shandong province and divided into two parts, wherein each part is 1 mu and is respectively represented as No. 1 field and No. 2 field, and the No. 1 field adopts a conventional peanut cultivation method.
The No. 2 field adopts the cultivation technology of the invention, namely:
step 1, optimizing peanut plant types and varieties, strengthening seeding management, improving seedling emergence quality, improving plant uniformity, strength and toughness of stalks and fruit needles and uprightness of plants, and specifically comprising the following steps:
(1) and (3) plant type selection is strengthened, and the selection standard is as follows: selecting a vertical plant type with a main stem height of 40-50 cm; ② the spring peanuts in the growth period are used for 130 days in 120 plus year mode, and the summer peanuts are used for 125 days in 115 plus year mode; thirdly, the stalks are relatively thick and strong; fourthly, the resistance to leaf spot is good;
(2) strictly selecting seeds, and coating the selected seeds, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, selecting seeds without breaking shells, mildewing, cleaning shells and filling nuts; second, after husking, selecting to ensure that the seeds do not break the seed coat and have no abnormal sample; ③ the test germination rate of the seeds is more than 98.5 percent, and the germination potential is more than 95 percent; fourthly, coating treatment is carried out by adopting seed coating agent for preventing bacteria and underground pests;
(3) single-seed machine sowing and film covering are adopted, drip irrigation is carried out to promote seedlings, strong seedlings are cultivated, and the uniformity of plant growth is increased; the method has the advantages that proper density is guaranteed, the lateral branch is prevented from excessively fast growing, the ratio of the lateral branch length to the main stem height is coordinated to be about 1, and the uprightness of plants is enhanced, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, adjusting a peanut ridging, sowing and film covering machine to realize single-seed sowing and ensure uniform sowing, wherein the seed spacing is 10-12cm, and the ridge surface width is 43-45 cm; drip irrigation water is timely carried out twice after sowing, and the drip irrigation water amount is 5m after sowing and film covering for the first time3Per mu; the second time, the third day after drip irrigation, the drip irrigation quantity is 5m3Per mu; thirdly, ensuring the population density to achieve 13000-;
and 2, reasonably controlling the fertilizer water, controlling the flowering and injection period, promoting the pod concentration, and keeping the proper and full pod number of a single plant. The method comprises the following three aspects:
(1) control seedling stage soil moisture, increase nitrogen phosphorus potassium fertilizer, reach and slow down plant growth speed, shorten the internode, increase the efficiency of stem thickness, specifically include: firstly, after seedling emergence, drip irrigation and watering are not carried out for 15-20 days; secondly, spraying 0.1% of urea, 0.02% of monopotassium phosphate, zinc sulfate and boric fertilizer on leaf surfaces for 2 times at intervals of 7-10 days, and spraying 0.1% of sodium thiosulfate for 1 time to inhibit light respiration and promote photosynthesis;
(2) watering first and then controlling the water content in the flowering period, promoting centralized flowering, intensively putting needles and reducing ineffective flowers, and specifically comprises the following steps: drip irrigation for 1 time within 10 days after the beginning of the flowering period, and the water amount is controlled to be 15-25m3Per mu; controlling water for 20 days after drip irrigation, preventing the flowering phase from being prolonged due to much water, realizing centralized flowering and centralized needle placement; controlling the use of foliar fertilizer, especially monopotassium phosphate, zinc sulfate and boron fertilizer, and preventing the generation of ineffective flowers;
(3) properly drip-irrigating the fruit swelling water, controlling the growth of plants, promoting the pod swelling and dry matter accumulation, and reducing the invalid growth of the plants and the overall excellent risk of the plants, specifically comprising the steps of measuring the water content of soil at the depth of 10cm, keeping the water content at 60-70%, and preventing the water content from being too small or too large; secondly, applying 0.02 percent monopotassium phosphate to the leaf surfaces for 2 times at intervals of 7 to 10 days; thirdly, spraying 0.1 percent sodium thiosulfate for 1 time to inhibit light respiration and promote photosynthesis, fourthly, spraying a chemical growth control agent to inhibit plant growth and keep the height of the plant between 40 and 45 cm;
step 3, enhancing pest control, reducing falling of diseased plants, weak plants and leaves, appropriately applying foliar fertilizer, and prolonging the harvest time, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) the method has the advantages of reducing the occurrence of leaf spot, keeping the functions of leaves and effectively increasing the green leaf period of peanuts, and specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, 70% thiophanate methyl, difenoconazole and kresoxim-methyl medicines are sprayed for 2 times in the middle ten days of 8 months before the occurrence of leaf spot, so that the occurrence of diseases is reduced; secondly, controlling peanut brown spot, continuously spraying 2000 times of solution of 20 percent triazolone missible oil for 2 times at the initial stage of disease attack, and separating 7-10 days;
(2) the emergence development of control peanut overground part pest, extension plant functional stage specifically is: from the flowering period to the harvest time, spraying 10% chlorantraniliprole, 5% abamectin emamectin benzoate missible oil and 10% imidacloprid wettable powder to control aphids, red spiders and various green insects;
(3) the fertilizer is supplemented on the leaf surfaces, so that the premature senility of the peanut due to fertilizer removal is prevented, and a longer suitable harvest period is maintained, which specifically comprises the following steps: from the fruit swelling period to the harvesting period, spraying 0.1% of urea and 0.02% of monopotassium phosphate on the leaf surfaces for 2 times at intervals of 7-10 days to prevent the premature senility of the fertilizer and the premature falling of the leaves.
In the peanut cultivation process, 100 peanut plants are extracted from the field No. 1 and the field No. 2 respectively for measurement and calculation, the pods of the field No. 1 and the field No. 2 are weighed after the peanuts are harvested, and the average values of various parameters and the yield of the pods after measurement and calculation are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0001371227860000051
As can be seen from the data in the table 1, the peanuts cultivated by the cultivation method have the advantages that the main diameter height and the lateral branch length are both greatly reduced, the ratio of the lateral branch length to the main diameter height is also greatly reduced, and the control is well within the range of 1-1.03, so that the uprightness of peanut plants is remarkably improved, and the mechanized harvesting mode is suitable.
In addition, the leaf spot index of the peanuts cultivated by the cultivation method is also greatly reduced, the green leaf number in the harvest time is increased by more than 2 times, the harvest time is effectively prolonged, and the yield of the pods is also greatly increased.

Claims (1)

1. A peanut cultivation method suitable for mechanized harvesting is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
step 1, optimizing peanut plant types and varieties, strengthening seeding management, improving seedling emergence quality, improving plant uniformity, strength and toughness of stalks and fruit needles and uprightness of plants, and specifically comprising the following steps:
(1) and (3) plant type selection is strengthened, and the selection standard is as follows: selecting a vertical plant type with a main stem height of 40-50 cm; ② the spring peanuts in the growth period are used for 130 days in 120 plus year mode, and the summer peanuts are used for 125 days in 115 plus year mode; thirdly, the stalks are relatively thick and strong; fourthly, the resistance to leaf spot is good;
(2) strictly selecting seeds, and coating the selected seeds, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, selecting seeds without breaking shells, mildewing, cleaning shells and filling nuts; second, after husking, selecting to ensure that the seeds do not break the seed coat and have no abnormal sample; ③ the test germination rate of the seeds is more than 98.5 percent, and the germination potential is more than 95 percent; fourthly, coating treatment is carried out by adopting seed coating agent for preventing bacteria and underground pests;
(3) single-seed machine sowing and film covering are adopted, drip irrigation is carried out to promote seedlings, strong seedlings are cultivated, and the uniformity of plant growth is increased; ensuring proper density, inhibiting lateral branch from excessively fast growing, and enhancingThe uprightness of the plant specifically comprises: firstly, adjusting a peanut ridging, sowing and film covering machine to realize single-seed sowing and ensure uniform sowing, wherein the seed spacing is 10-12cm, and the ridge surface width is 43-45 cm; drip irrigation water is timely carried out twice after sowing, and the drip irrigation water amount is 5m after sowing and film covering for the first time3Per mu; the second time, the third day after the first drip irrigation, the drip irrigation quantity is 5m3Per mu; thirdly, ensuring the population density to achieve 13000-;
and 2, reasonably controlling the fertilizer water, controlling the flowering and injection period, promoting pod concentration, and keeping the proper and full pod number of a single plant, wherein the method comprises the following three aspects:
(1) control seedling stage soil moisture, increase nitrogen phosphorus potassium fertilizer, reach and slow down plant growth speed, shorten the internode, increase the efficiency of stem thickness, specifically include: after seedling emergence, drip irrigation is not carried out, and watering is not carried out for 15-20 days; secondly, 400 g/mu of 0.1 percent urea, 80 g/mu of 0.02 percent monopotassium phosphate, 100 g/mu of zinc sulfate and 50 g/mu of boric fertilizer are sprayed on the leaf surfaces for 2 times at intervals of 7-10 days; thirdly, spraying 0.01 percent of sodium thiosulfate 40 g/mu for 1 time, inhibiting light respiration and promoting photosynthesis;
(2) watering first and then controlling the water content in the flowering period, promoting centralized flowering, intensively putting needles and reducing ineffective flowers, and specifically comprises the following steps: drip irrigation for 1 time within 10 days after the beginning of the flowering period, and the water amount is controlled to be 15-25m3Per mu; controlling water for 20 days after drip irrigation, preventing the flowering phase from being prolonged due to much water, realizing centralized flowering and centralized needle placement; controlling the use of potassium dihydrogen phosphate, zinc sulfate and boric fertilizer to prevent the generation of ineffective flowers;
(3) in the pod expanding period, properly drip irrigation fruit expanding water to control plant growth, promote pod expansion and dry matter accumulation, reduce ineffective growth of plants and plant overall excellent risk, and specifically comprise: firstly, measuring the water content of soil at the depth of 10cm, keeping the water content at 60-70%, and preventing the water content from being too small or too large; secondly, applying 80 g/mu of 0.02 percent monopotassium phosphate on the leaf surfaces for 2 times at intervals of 7-10 days; thirdly, 0.01 percent sodium thiosulfate is sprayed for 1 time, the spraying amount is 40 g/mu each time, the light respiration is inhibited, and the photosynthesis is promoted; fourthly, spraying a chemical growth control agent to inhibit the growth of the plants and keeping the height of the plants between 40 and 45 cm;
step 3, enhancing pest control, reducing falling of diseased plants, weak plants and leaves, appropriately applying foliar fertilizer, and prolonging the harvest time, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) the method has the advantages of reducing the occurrence of leaf spot, keeping the functions of leaves and effectively increasing the green leaf period of peanuts, and specifically comprises the following steps: firstly, in 8-month middle ten days, before leaf spot disease occurs, 70% thiophanate methyl is sprayed for 50 g/mu, 20 ml/mu of difenoconazole and 20 g/mu of kresoxim methyl for 2 times, and the interval is 7-10 days, so that the occurrence of diseases is reduced; secondly, controlling peanut brown spot, continuously spraying 2000 times of solution of 20 percent triazolone missible oil for 2 times at the early stage of disease attack, wherein the spraying amount is 40 ml/mu, and the interval is 7-10 days;
(2) the emergence development of control peanut overground part pest, the mechanical damage of reduction blade or stem stalk prolongs the plant functional stage, specifically does: 20 ml/mu of 10% chlorantraniliprole, 40 ml/mu of 5% abamectin emamectin benzoate missible oil and 20 g/mu of 10% imidacloprid wettable powder are sprayed from the flowering period to the harvest period to prevent and control aphids, red spiders and various green insects;
(3) the fertilizer is supplemented on the leaf surfaces, so that the premature senility of the peanut due to fertilizer removal is prevented, and a longer suitable harvest period is maintained, which specifically comprises the following steps: from the swelling period to the harvesting period, spraying 400 g/mu of 0.1% urea and 80 g/mu of 0.02% monopotassium phosphate on leaf surfaces for 2 times at intervals of 7-10 days to prevent the premature senility of the fertilizer removal and the premature falling of the leaves;
the average stem height of the peanut plant is controlled to be 44.6cm, the average side branch length is controlled to be 45.1cm, and the average side branch length/stem height is controlled to be 1.011.
CN201710663666.9A 2017-08-06 2017-08-06 Peanut cultivation method suitable for mechanized harvesting Active CN107396729B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710663666.9A CN107396729B (en) 2017-08-06 2017-08-06 Peanut cultivation method suitable for mechanized harvesting

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710663666.9A CN107396729B (en) 2017-08-06 2017-08-06 Peanut cultivation method suitable for mechanized harvesting

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN107396729A CN107396729A (en) 2017-11-28
CN107396729B true CN107396729B (en) 2020-12-29

Family

ID=60402729

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201710663666.9A Active CN107396729B (en) 2017-08-06 2017-08-06 Peanut cultivation method suitable for mechanized harvesting

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN107396729B (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110720369B (en) * 2019-11-18 2022-02-01 济宁市食品药品检验检测中心（济宁市药品不良反应与药物滥用监测中心） Cultivation management method for increasing yield of medicinal platycodon grandiflorum
CN114223491A (en) * 2021-12-17 2022-03-25 菏泽市农业科学院 Method for improving nitrogen fixation capacity of peanuts
CN114258831A (en) * 2021-12-17 2022-04-01 菏泽市农业科学院 Method for controlling flower, filling and increasing yield of peanuts
CN114636793B (en) * 2022-03-08 2024-04-12 山东省花生研究所 Screening method of peanut high-yield variety suitable for mechanized planting

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104641853A (en) * 2013-11-25 2015-05-27 邵艳艳 High-yield peanut cultivation technology in Jiaodong region
CN103875405B (en) * 2014-03-18 2016-03-30 山东省花生研究所 A kind of ridge culture film-covering planting mode improving saline land peanut yield
CN104429482A (en) * 2014-11-10 2015-03-25 安徽省龙海种业有限公司 Method for growth-period management of mulch peanuts after sowing
CN104541889B (en) * 2015-01-05 2017-01-25 菏泽市农业科学院 Disaster-reduction synergism cultivation method for summer peanuts
CN105830684A (en) * 2016-03-15 2016-08-10 菏泽市农业科学院 Simple, water-saving and efficient peanut cultivation method
CN106818124A (en) * 2016-12-25 2017-06-13 菏泽市农业科学院 A kind of cultural method of Peanut efficient water use

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN107396729A (en) 2017-11-28

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN107396729B (en) Peanut cultivation method suitable for mechanized harvesting
CN103155775B (en) Cultivation method of organic broomcorn for making wine
CN109618598B (en) Method for prolonging harvesting life of sugarcane by repeatedly reseeding main stems of original seedlings of healthy sugarcane seedlings
CN110249949B (en) Open field arched shed onion and Hami melon crop rotation drip irrigation planting method
CN109392587B (en) Planting method for rapidly forming pear garden
CN109349038A (en) Paddy field with ponded water in winter area free-plowing and directly-seeding accumulation ratooning rice implantation methods
CN110786217A (en) Efficient cultivation technology for mechanically harvesting upland cotton in early and middle maturity of southern Xinjiang
CN105850621A (en) Method for direct sowing culture of single cropping late rice
CN112021122A (en) Method suitable for long-season cultivation of cowpeas
CN106922359B (en) Method for improving stevioside content by using exogenous melatonin
CN108432579B (en) Cultivation method of direct seeding ratoon rice
CN110810153A (en) High-yield cultivation method for day lily in hilly area
CN109089768B (en) Cultivation method for improving lodging resistance of flax
CN111727832A (en) Purple cloud red core sweet potato double-cropping cultivation method
CN106550748A (en) A kind of implantation methods of Rhizoma Solani tuber osi
CN110178667A (en) A kind of cultural method of perennial rice
CN110810143A (en) Cultivation method of purple perilla
CN111386984B (en) Synergistic efficient planting method for cotton, melon and vegetable in saline-alkali land
CN104718910A (en) High-yield rape cultivation method
CN102511285A (en) Double direct-seeding and high-yield cultivation method for interplanting of wheat and spring cotton
CN112673914A (en) High-yield cultivation method for Y Liangyou 900 ratoon rice
CN111264321A (en) Cultivation method for raising yield of direct-seeded rice by cutting seedlings
CN111492908A (en) Cultivation method for interplanting melons and peppers
CN110810226A (en) Cuttage culture method for hydroponic aizoon stonecrop herb
CN112544367B (en) Plug seedling method for raising early vine of strawberry by cutting

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant