CN107381972B - Process for treating distributed rural domestic sewage by using agricultural wastes - Google Patents

Process for treating distributed rural domestic sewage by using agricultural wastes Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107381972B
CN107381972B CN201710816523.7A CN201710816523A CN107381972B CN 107381972 B CN107381972 B CN 107381972B CN 201710816523 A CN201710816523 A CN 201710816523A CN 107381972 B CN107381972 B CN 107381972B
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China
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sewage
bamboo charcoal
aerobic aeration
tank
aeration tank
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CN201710816523.7A
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CN107381972A (en
Inventor
高立洪
蒋滔
韦秀丽
李平
刘科
王冰
唐宁
杨玉鹏
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CHONGQING KAIRUI AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT CO LTD
Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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CHONGQING KAIRUI AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT CO LTD
Chongqing Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Publication of CN107381972A publication Critical patent/CN107381972A/en
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09BDISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
    • B09B3/00Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/10Packings; Fillings; Grids
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02Aerobic processes
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/02Aerobic processes
    • C02F3/06Aerobic processes using submerged filters
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W10/00Technologies for wastewater treatment
    • Y02W10/10Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/78Recycling of wood or furniture waste

Abstract

The invention discloses a process for treating distributed rural domestic sewage by utilizing agricultural wastes, which comprises a bamboo charcoal aerobic aeration treatment process and a biochar filtering process, wherein the bamboo charcoal aerobic aeration treatment process comprises the following steps: rural domestic sewage enters an aerobic aeration tank from a water inlet, a plurality of bamboo charcoal pipes are distributed in the aerobic aeration tank, two ends of each bamboo charcoal pipe are closed, each bamboo charcoal pipe is communicated with a water pumping branch pipe, all the water pumping branch pipes are connected with a water pumping main pipe, the water pumping main pipe is connected with an inlet of a pump, an aeration disc is arranged at the bottom of the aerobic aeration tank, and the aeration disc is connected with an air pump positioned outside the aerobic aeration tank; the sewage entering the aerobic aeration tank is subjected to aerobic reaction with air, after aeration is finished, the sewage is kept stand, then a pump is started to enable the sewage to permeate into the bamboo charcoal tube, and the sewage is pumped into a biological filter tank through a water pumping branch tube to enter a biological carbon filtering process; a straw biochar filter material layer is arranged in the biological filter tank and is filtered to be discharged after reaching the standard. The treatment cost is low, and the treatment mode is flexible.

Description

Process for treating distributed rural domestic sewage by using agricultural wastes
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rural domestic sewage treatment process, in particular to a process for treating distributed rural domestic sewage by utilizing agricultural wastes.
Background
With the rapid development of new rural construction in China, sanitary wares, washing machines, bathing facilities and the like enter rural areas, and daily water consumption and discharge of rural people are increased rapidly.
According to investigation, about 80 hundred million tons of domestic sewage are generated in rural areas in China every year, 96% of villages do not have drainage channels and sewage treatment systems, the domestic sewage is discharged at will, the sewage is gathered in farmlands, ponds and ditches, the water environment is damaged, and the safety of drinking water in vast rural areas is threatened.
A large amount of production wastes (biomass fuels) such as straws and waste woods also exist in rural areas, and the recycling rate of the biomass fuels is low, so that agricultural non-point source pollution is caused, and the ecological environment of rural areas is seriously influenced.
The traditional rural domestic sewage treatment mode is as follows: the treatment by utilizing the artificial wetland and the stabilization pond has certain limitations, and has the defects of large occupied area and unstable treatment effect.
The living dispersion of natural villages determines that the production and discharge of rural domestic sewage have unique characteristics, and the rural domestic sewage does not have a matched sewage pipe network, so that the sewage is difficult to uniformly collect and treat. The rural domestic sewage has higher organic matter concentration and rich nitrogen and phosphorus, and the treated sewage can be reused or returned to the field.
Because rural conditions are limited, the running cost of the domestic sewage is low, and meanwhile, the running management should be simplified, the most main problems of the decentralized treatment of the rural domestic sewage are the cost problem and the treatment flexibility problem.
In order to solve the problems, it is a research topic to use a large amount of rural waste biomass fuels such as straws, waste wood, rice bran and the like in rural areas in the treatment of domestic sewage.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a process for treating distributed rural domestic sewage by using agricultural wastes, which is suitable for rural household sewage treatment, can effectively use wastes such as rural straws, bamboo materials, waste wood and the like, and has flexible treatment mode and low cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a process for treating distributed rural domestic sewage by utilizing agricultural wastes is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises a bamboo charcoal aerobic aeration treatment process and a biochar filtering process,
the bamboo charcoal aerobic aeration treatment process comprises the following steps: rural domestic sewage enters an aerobic aeration tank from a water inlet, a plurality of bamboo charcoal pipes are distributed in the aerobic aeration tank, two ends of each bamboo charcoal pipe are closed, each bamboo charcoal pipe is communicated with a water pumping branch pipe, all the water pumping branch pipes are connected with a water pumping main pipe, the water pumping main pipe is connected with an inlet of a pump,
the bottom of the aerobic aeration tank is provided with an aeration disc, and the aeration disc is connected with an air pump positioned outside the aerobic aeration tank;
the sewage entering the aerobic aeration tank and the air entering from the aeration disc are subjected to aerobic reaction, and after the aeration is finished, the sewage is kept stand, and then a pump is started to enable the sewage to permeate into the bamboo charcoal tube and then pumped into a biological filter tank through a water pumping branch pipe to enter a biological carbon filtering process;
the biological filter tank is internally provided with a straw biochar filter layer which is obtained after carbonization of rural waste biomass fuel, and sewage entering the biological filter tank is sprayed on the straw biochar filter layer through a spray head above the straw biochar filter layer to be filtered and finally discharged up to the standard.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: three layers of straw biochar filter material layers are arranged in the biological filter tank from top to bottom, and the spray head is positioned above the uppermost straw biochar filter material layer.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the solar photovoltaic panel is adopted to provide electric energy for the pump and the air pump, the sewage is collected in the aerobic aeration tank in the daytime, the solar photovoltaic panel is used for storing electricity, and the collected sewage is subjected to bamboo charcoal aerobic aeration treatment and biochar filtration at night.
The aerobic aeration tank takes a hollow biological bamboo charcoal pipe (obtained by carbonizing rural hollow bamboos) as a treatment carrier, so as to play a role in filtering and adsorbing, the hollow biological bamboo charcoal pipe and the straw biological charcoal filter material are both made of rural visible raw materials, the material cost is low, and the treatment mode is flexible.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: aerating for 3-4h, and standing for 0.5-2 h.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the aerobic aeration tank and the biological filter tank are integrated in the same shell, and a longitudinal partition plate is arranged in the shell to divide the shell into two chambers, namely the aerobic aeration tank and the biological filter tank.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the top end of the longitudinal partition board is spaced from the top plate of the shell, a transverse partition board is arranged above the longitudinal partition board in the shell and seals the upper ends of the aerobic aeration tank and the biological filter tank, the bamboo charcoal pipe extends up and down, the upper end of the bamboo charcoal pipe is fixed on the transverse partition board, the water pumping branch pipe is connected with the upper end of the bamboo charcoal pipe, and the pump, the water pumping branch pipe and the water pumping main pipe are positioned in a space above the transverse partition board. All equipment except the air pump all hold in a casing like this, easy to assemble, transportation, it is more nimble to use.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the pump is a peristaltic pump.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the biomass fuel is crop straw, wood and rice bran.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the rural domestic sewage is filtered by straws to remove coarse particle impurities before entering the aerobic aeration tank.
In the scheme, the method comprises the following steps: the straw filtering device is arranged in the aerobic aeration tank and is close to the water inlet.
Has the advantages that: the equipment in the treatment process can be installed in each household for use, or can be used by combination of several households, the design is reasonable, the use is flexible, the bamboo charcoal tube and the straw biochar are made of rural waste, the raw material source is wide, the cost is low, and the cost of sewage treatment is reduced. The size of the device can be customized according to the amount of the treated sewage, and finally the rural sewage is discharged after reaching the standard.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of a treating apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
example 1, as shown in figure 1: the equipment used in the process for treating distributed rural domestic sewage by using agricultural wastes comprises an aerobic aeration tank 1, a biological filter tank 2, a water inlet 3, a bamboo charcoal pipe 4, a water pumping branch pipe 5, a water pumping main pipe 6, a pump 7, an aeration disc 8, an air pump 9, a straw biochar filter material layer 10, a spray head 11, a water outlet 12, a longitudinal partition plate 13 and a transverse partition plate 14.
The aerobic aeration tank 1 and the biological filter tank 2 can be arranged separately or integrated in the same shell, and in the figure, the aerobic aeration tank and the biological filter tank are integrated in the same shell, so that the aerobic aeration tank and the biological filter tank are convenient to transport, install and use, and have small volume.
As shown in fig. 1, the aerobic aeration tank 1 and the biological filtration tank 2 are integrated in the same shell, which may be a square shell or a cylindrical shell, and a longitudinal partition 13 is disposed in the shell to partition the shell into two chambers, namely the aerobic aeration tank 1 and the biological filtration tank 2. To facilitate the placement of the pump 7, the pumping manifold 5 and the pumping manifold 6. In the design, a certain distance is reserved between the top end of the longitudinal partition plate 13 and the top plate of the shell, a transverse partition plate 14 is arranged above the longitudinal partition plate in the shell, the transverse partition plate 14 seals the upper ends of the aerobic aeration tank 1 and the biological filter tank 2, and the pump 7, the water pumping branch pipe 5 and the water pumping main pipe 6 are positioned in a space above the transverse partition plate 14. That is, the space below the transverse partition 14 is divided into the aerobic aeration tank 1 and the biological filter tank 12 by the longitudinal partition.
The upper part of the aerobic aeration tank 1 is provided with a water inlet 3, a straw filtering device 15 is arranged in the aerobic aeration tank 1 close to the water inlet, and the rural domestic sewage is filtered by straws to remove coarse particle impurities before entering the aerobic aeration tank. The straw filtering device comprises an L-shaped frame close to a water inlet, wherein the L-shaped frame is provided with a hole for water to flow out, and straws are placed in the L-shaped frame as shown in figure 1. When in design, the upper end of the shell can be opened, and the straws can be replaced regularly. The inside distribution of good oxygen aeration tank 1 has a plurality of bamboo charcoal pipes 4, the both ends of bamboo charcoal pipe are sealed, every bamboo charcoal pipe 4 and a branch pipe 5 intercommunication that draws water, water in the good oxygen aeration tank 1 permeates behind the bamboo charcoal pipe 4 and takes out through this branch pipe 5 that draws water, extend from top to bottom in the bamboo charcoal pipe 4 in the picture, the upper end of bamboo charcoal pipe 4 is fixed on horizontal partition 14, branch pipe 5 draws water is connected on the top, more convenient the arrangement like this, water in the good oxygen aeration tank 1 permeates in the bamboo charcoal pipe 4, draw away through branch pipe 5 that draws water. The bamboo charcoal tube 4 is obtained by carbonizing a hollow bamboo tube, and a plurality of micropores are naturally formed after carbonization, so that the functions of filtration and carbon adsorption are achieved.
The pumping branch pipe 5 is connected with a pumping main pipe 6, the pumping main pipe 6 is connected with an inlet of a pump 7, and the pump 7 is a peristaltic pump. The bottom of the aerobic aeration tank 1 is provided with an aeration disc 8, and the aeration disc 8 is connected with an air pump 9 positioned outside the aerobic aeration tank 1. And a solar photovoltaic panel is adopted to provide electric energy for the pump 7 and the air pump 9.
A straw biochar filter material layer 10 is arranged in the biological filter tank 2, and three straw biochar filter material layers 10 are arranged from top to bottom in the biological filter tank 2 in the figure. A gap is reserved between every two layers, the straw biochar of the straw biochar filter layer 10 is obtained by carbonizing waste biomass fuel in rural areas, and the biomass fuel can be crop straws, wood, rice bran and the like.
The top in the biological filter tank 2 is provided with a spray head 11, the spray head 11 sprays water on the straw biological carbon filter material layer 10, a water outlet pipeline of the pump 7 is connected with the spray head 11, the lower part of the biological filter tank 2 is provided with a water outlet 12, and the water filtered from the straw biological carbon filter material layer 10 is discharged from the water outlet 12.
When the aerobic aeration tank is used, the equipment is installed, sewage is collected in the aerobic aeration tank 1 in the daytime, and meanwhile, the solar photovoltaic panel stores electricity. And performing bamboo charcoal aerobic aeration treatment and biochar filtration on the collected sewage at night.
Firstly, carrying out aeration treatment, wherein the sewage entering an aerobic aeration tank and the air entering from an aeration disc carry out aerobic reaction for 3-4h, and standing for 0.5-2h after aeration. And then starting a pump 7 to enable the sewage to permeate into the bamboo charcoal pipe 4, pumping the sewage into the biological filter tank 2 through a water pumping branch pipe, filtering the sewage layer by layer through a straw biological charcoal filter material layer 10, and finally discharging the sewage up to the standard.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it should be understood that modifications and variations can be made by those skilled in the art without inventive faculty, based on the concept of the present invention. In summary, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.

Claims (9)

1. A process for treating distributed rural domestic sewage by utilizing agricultural wastes is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises a bamboo charcoal aerobic aeration treatment process and a biochar filtering process,
the bamboo charcoal aerobic aeration treatment process comprises the following steps: rural domestic sewage enters an aerobic aeration tank from a water inlet, a plurality of bamboo charcoal pipes are distributed in the aerobic aeration tank, two ends of each bamboo charcoal pipe are closed, each bamboo charcoal pipe is communicated with a water pumping branch pipe, all the water pumping branch pipes are connected with a water pumping main pipe, the water pumping main pipe is connected with an inlet of a pump,
the bottom of the aerobic aeration tank is provided with an aeration disc, and the aeration disc is connected with an air pump positioned outside the aerobic aeration tank;
the sewage entering the aerobic aeration tank and the air entering from the aeration disc are subjected to aerobic reaction, and after the aeration is finished, the sewage is kept stand, and then a pump is started to enable the sewage to permeate into the bamboo charcoal tube and then pumped into a biological filter tank through a water pumping branch pipe to enter a biological carbon filtering process;
a straw biochar filter layer is arranged in the biological filter tank, the straw biochar filter layer is obtained by carbonizing rural waste biomass fuel, sewage entering the biological filter tank is sprayed on the straw biochar filter layer through a spray head positioned above the straw biochar filter layer for filtering, and finally the sewage is discharged after reaching the standard; three layers of straw biochar filter material layers are arranged in the biological filter tank from top to bottom, and the spray head is positioned above the uppermost straw biochar filter material layer.
2. The process for treating decentralized rural domestic sewage by using agricultural wastes according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the solar photovoltaic panel is adopted to provide electric energy for the pump and the air pump, the sewage is collected in the aerobic aeration tank in the daytime, the solar photovoltaic panel is used for storing electricity, and the collected sewage is subjected to bamboo charcoal aerobic aeration treatment and biochar filtration at night.
3. The process for treating decentralized rural domestic sewage by using agricultural wastes according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: aerating for 3-4h, and standing for 0.5-2 h.
4. The process for treating decentralized rural domestic sewage by using agricultural wastes according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the aerobic aeration tank and the biological filter tank are integrated in the same shell, and a longitudinal partition plate is arranged in the shell to divide the shell into two chambers, namely the aerobic aeration tank and the biological filter tank.
5. The process for treating decentralized rural domestic sewage with agricultural wastes according to claim 4, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the top end of the longitudinal partition board is spaced from the top plate of the shell, a transverse partition board is arranged above the longitudinal partition board in the shell and seals the upper ends of the aerobic aeration tank and the biological filter tank, the bamboo charcoal pipe extends up and down, the upper end of the bamboo charcoal pipe is fixed on the transverse partition board, the water pumping branch pipe is connected with the upper end of the bamboo charcoal pipe, and the pump, the water pumping branch pipe and the water pumping main pipe are positioned in a space above the transverse partition board.
6. The process for treating decentralized rural domestic sewage by using agricultural wastes according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the pump is a peristaltic pump.
7. The process for treating decentralized rural domestic sewage by using agricultural wastes according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the biomass fuel is crop straw, wood and rice bran.
8. The process for treating decentralized rural domestic sewage by using agricultural wastes according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the rural domestic sewage is filtered by straws to remove coarse particle impurities before entering the aerobic aeration tank.
9. The process for treating decentralized rural domestic sewage with agricultural wastes according to claim 8, wherein: the straw filtering device is arranged in the aerobic aeration tank and is close to the water inlet.
CN201710816523.7A 2017-09-11 2017-09-11 Process for treating distributed rural domestic sewage by using agricultural wastes Active CN107381972B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112207114B (en) * 2020-09-17 2021-08-24 宝泽工程科技有限公司 Garbage collection device for urban environment-friendly construction
CN112317511B (en) * 2020-10-19 2022-04-12 重庆市农业科学院 Small-size vertical aerobic fermentation system and push-pull shaking device thereof
CN113149337B (en) * 2021-03-19 2022-11-29 山东建筑大学 Sewage treatment system suitable for small towns and rural areas

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