CN107373192A - 一种改善鲫鱼肉质用饲料 - Google Patents
一种改善鲫鱼肉质用饲料 Download PDFInfo
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- CN107373192A CN107373192A CN201710610803.2A CN201710610803A CN107373192A CN 107373192 A CN107373192 A CN 107373192A CN 201710610803 A CN201710610803 A CN 201710610803A CN 107373192 A CN107373192 A CN 107373192A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种改善鲫鱼肉质用饲料，其原料按重量份包括：胡萝卜粉、菜籽饼、面包屑、南瓜粉、玉米粉、海带粉、贝壳粉、鱼骨粉、中草药、微生物饲料添加剂、花生四烯酸、二十碳五烯酸、亚油酸、海藻多糖、低聚半乳糖、玉米香精、蜂蜜、复合微量元素、复合维生素。本发明提出了一种改善鲫鱼肉质用饲料，其配方合理，营养丰富且全面，诱食性好，易于消化吸收，促进鲫鱼快速生长，提高鲫鱼成活率，鱼肉中营养成分含量高，肉质好，有效提高鲫鱼养殖的经济效益。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及饲料技术领域，尤其涉及一种改善鲫鱼肉质用饲料。
背景技术
鲫鱼主要是以植物为食的杂食性鱼，喜群集而行，择食而居。肉质细嫩，营养价值很高，每百克肉含蛋白质13克、脂肪11克，并含有大量的钙、磷、铁等矿物质。鲫鱼药用价值极高，其性平味甘，入胃、肾，具有和中补虚、除羸、温胃进食、补中生气之功效，我国重要食用鱼类之一。鲫鱼养殖具有很大的经济效益，但随着养殖规模的扩大，饲料的需求量在不断增加，而在鲫鱼养殖过程中饲料突显的问题也越来越明显，成为阻碍鲫鱼养殖可持续发展的主要因素，如何制备一种营养全面，增强鲫鱼体质，提高鲫鱼成活率，增加鲫鱼产量及改善鲫鱼肉质的饲料成为目前需要解决的技术问题。
发明内容
基于背景技术存在的技术问题，本发明提出了一种改善鲫鱼肉质用饲料，其配方合理，营养丰富且全面，诱食性好，易于消化吸收，促进鲫鱼快速生长，提高鲫鱼成活率，鱼肉中营养成分含量高，肉质好，有效提高鲫鱼养殖的经济效益。
本发明提出的一种改善鲫鱼肉质用饲料，其原料按重量份包括：胡萝卜粉40-60份、菜籽饼20-30份、面包屑30-40份、南瓜粉10-20份、玉米粉10-20份、海带粉5-8份、贝壳粉3-6份、鱼骨粉2-8份、中草药25-40份、微生物饲料添加剂0.01-0.04份、花生四烯酸0.3-0.5份、二十碳五烯酸0.1-0.3份、亚油酸0.4-0.6份、海藻多糖0.8-1.5份、低聚半乳糖1-1.5份、玉米香精0.5-1.2份、蜂蜜1-2份、复合微量元素0.08-0.18份、复合维生素0.01-0.02份。
具体实施例中，胡萝卜粉的重量份还可以为44、48、50、52、55、58份，菜籽饼的重量份还可以为22、24、25、26、28份，面包屑的重量份还可以为32、34、35、36、38份，南瓜粉的重量份还可以为12、14、15、16、18份，玉米粉的重量份还可以为12、14、15、16、18份，海带粉的重量份还可以为5.5、6、6.5、7、7.5份，贝壳粉的重量份还可以为3.5、4、4.5、5、5.5份，鱼骨粉的重量份还可以为3、4、5、6、7份，中草药的重量份还可以为27、30、32、34、36、38份，微生物饲料添加剂的重量份还可以为0.015、0.02、0.025、0.03、0.035份，花生四烯酸的重量份还可以为0.34、0.38、0.4、0.42、0.45、0.48份，二十碳五烯酸的重量份还可以为0.13、0.15、0.2、0.22、0.25份，亚油酸的重量份还可以为0.44、0.48、0.5、0.52、0.55份，海藻多糖的重量份还可以为0.9、1、1.1、1.2、1.3、1.4份，低聚半乳糖的重量份还可以为1.1、1.2、1.25、1.3、1.4份，玉米香精的重量份还可以为0.6、0.7、0.8、0.9、1、1.1份，蜂蜜的重量份还可以为1.2、1.4、1.5、1.7、1.9份，复合微量元素的重量份还可以为0.09、0.1、0.12、0.14、0.16份，复合维生素的重量份还可以为0.012、0.014、0.016、0.018份。
优选地，其原料按重量份包括：胡萝卜粉45-55份、菜籽饼22-28份、面包屑32-37份、南瓜粉12-18份、玉米粉12-18份、海带粉5.5-7.5份、贝壳粉4-5份、鱼骨粉3-7份、中草药28-36份、微生物饲料添加剂0.02-0.03份、花生四烯酸0.35-0.45份、二十碳五烯酸0.15-0.25份、亚油酸0.45-0.55份、海藻多糖0.9-1.3份、低聚半乳糖1.1-1.4份、玉米香精0.6-1份、蜂蜜1.2-1.8份、复合微量元素0.1-0.16份、复合维生素0.012-0.018份。
优选地，胡萝卜粉50份、菜籽饼26份、面包屑34份、南瓜粉15份、玉米粉16份、海带粉6.8份、贝壳粉4.8份、鱼骨粉5.5份、中草药32份、微生物饲料添加剂0.025份、花生四烯酸0.42份、二十碳五烯酸0.18份、亚油酸0.48份、海藻多糖1.1份、低聚半乳糖1.25份、玉米香精0.8份、蜂蜜1.45份、复合微量元素0.13份、复合维生素0.015份。
优选地，微生物饲料添加剂的原料按重量份包括：乳酸杆菌10-20份、枯草芽孢杆菌20-30份、肠球菌20-30份、酪酸梭菌15-25份、粪肠球菌20-30份。
优选地，复合微量元素的原料按重量份包括：甘氨酸钙15-25份、甘氨酸锌10-15份、硫酸硒4-8份、硫酸锰2-4份、硫酸钾6-10份、硫酸亚铁10-18份、柠檬酸铁5-12份、轻稀土20-30份。
优选地，中草药的原料按重量份包括：兔子草20-30份、苜蓿20-30份、青蒿15-25份、桑叶10-18份、丁香5-10份、红麻叶5-10份、苹果叶5-10份、薄荷8-15份、五味子3-7份、生姜1-2份、黄芪4-8份、杜仲叶5-10份、金钱草6-10份、鸡血藤2-5份、蒲公英2-5份。
本发明利用常规制备工艺制得。
本发明通过加入并控制胡萝卜粉、菜籽饼、面包屑、南瓜粉、玉米粉、海带粉、贝壳粉和鱼骨粉的含量，为鲫鱼提供丰富的蛋白质、多糖、脂肪、淀粉、维生素、矿物质和微量元素等，并在功能上取长补短，发挥营养物质间的互补作用，且具有良好的适口性，饲料能更好的被鲫鱼吸收消化，有效促进鲫鱼的生长发育，加快鲫鱼体重的增长；低聚半乳糖、玉米香精和蜂蜜配合，其独特的香味改善了饲料整体的适口性，符合鲫鱼的采食习性，激发了鲫鱼的食欲，增加了鲫鱼的采食量，增大鲫鱼的日增重；低聚半乳糖作为一种天然活性物质，海藻多糖作为一种功能性物质，两者相互配合，提高了微生物饲料添加剂与鲫鱼肠胃中益生菌的活性，有效改善鲫鱼肠胃的理化环境，提高鲫鱼的消化功能，促进其对微量元素的吸收，刺激各种免疫活性细胞的分化、成熟、繁殖，大大提高鲫鱼的免疫力，显著降低鲫鱼的发病率；微生物饲料添加剂的加入，调节了鲫鱼中脂肪酸的组成和胆固醇含量的作用，提高了鲫鱼中不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸比例，降低了鲫鱼中胆固醇的含量，与中草药配合，能维护肠道健康和改善肠道功能，避免出现肠道菌群失调引起的腹泻、腹胀和消化不良等症状，同时起到抗菌消炎及对肠胃均有防护作用，改善了鲫鱼的体质，大大降低鲫鱼的发病率，避免了因在饲料中添加人工合成的促生长剂、抗生素、激素等对环境造成的污染及食品安全问题，满足人们对于绿色食品的要求，同时提高了鲫鱼消化酶活性，改善了饲料的转化效率，且改善了鲫鱼后消化道中微生物的微生物代谢活动，减少了产生有害物质的排泄，同时避免鲫鱼受到细菌、病毒等的感染，进一步降低鲫鱼的发病率；花生四烯酸、二十碳五烯酸和亚油酸配合，不仅为鲫鱼的生长发育提供营养物质，又与复合维生素配合，维持鲫鱼正常的生理功能，提高鲫鱼的非特异性免疫力，改善鲫鱼组织中的常规成分和脂肪酸组成，提高的饲料效率。本发明提出了一种改善鲫鱼肉质用饲料，其配方合理，营养丰富且全面，诱食性好，易于消化吸收，促进鲫鱼快速生长，提高鲫鱼成活率，鱼肉中营养成分含量高，肉质好，有效提高鲫鱼养殖的经济效益。
具体实施方式
下面，通过具体实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。
实施例1
本发明提出的一种改善鲫鱼肉质用饲料，其原料按重量份包括：胡萝卜粉40份、菜籽饼30份、面包屑30份、南瓜粉20份、玉米粉10份、海带粉8份、贝壳粉3份、鱼骨粉8份、中草药25份、微生物饲料添加剂0.04份、花生四烯酸0.3份、二十碳五烯酸0.3份、亚油酸0.4份、海藻多糖1.5份、低聚半乳糖1份、玉米香精1.2份、蜂蜜1份、复合微量元素0.18份、复合维生素0.01份。
实施例2
本发明提出的一种改善鲫鱼肉质用饲料，其原料按重量份包括：胡萝卜粉60份、菜籽饼20份、面包屑40份、南瓜粉10份、玉米粉20份、海带粉5份、贝壳粉6份、鱼骨粉2份、中草药40份、微生物饲料添加剂0.01份、花生四烯酸0.5份、二十碳五烯酸0.1份、亚油酸0.6份、海藻多糖0.8份、低聚半乳糖1.5份、玉米香精0.5份、蜂蜜2份、复合微量元素0.08份、复合维生素0.02份。
实施例3
本发明提出的一种改善鲫鱼肉质用饲料，其原料按重量份包括：胡萝卜粉50份、菜籽饼26份、面包屑34份、南瓜粉15份、玉米粉16份、海带粉6.8份、贝壳粉4.8份、鱼骨粉5.5份、中草药32份、微生物饲料添加剂0.025份、花生四烯酸0.42份、二十碳五烯酸0.18份、亚油酸0.48份、海藻多糖1.1份、低聚半乳糖1.25份、玉米香精0.8份、蜂蜜1.45份、复合微量元素0.13份、复合维生素0.015份。
其中，微生物饲料添加剂的原料按重量份包括：乳酸杆菌15份、枯草芽孢杆菌25份、肠球菌25份、酪酸梭菌20份、粪肠球菌25份；
复合微量元素的原料按重量份包括：甘氨酸钙20份、甘氨酸锌12.5份、硫酸硒6份、硫酸锰3份、硫酸钾8份、硫酸亚铁15份、柠檬酸铁8份、轻稀土25份；
中草药的原料按重量份包括：兔子草25份、苜蓿25份、青蒿20份、桑叶15份、丁香8份、红麻叶8份、苹果叶8份、薄荷10份、五味子5.5份、生姜1.5份、黄芪6份、杜仲叶6份、金钱草8份、鸡血藤3.5份、蒲公英4份。
实施例4
本发明提出的一种改善鲫鱼肉质用饲料，其原料按重量份包括：胡萝卜粉45份、菜籽饼28份、面包屑32份、南瓜粉18份、玉米粉12份、海带粉7.8份、贝壳粉3.6份、鱼骨粉7.2份、中草药28.5份、微生物饲料添加剂0.03份、花生四烯酸0.35份、二十碳五烯酸0.23份、亚油酸0.46份、海藻多糖1.25份、低聚半乳糖1.1份、玉米香精1.1份、蜂蜜1.2份、复合微量元素0.15份、复合维生素0.012份。
其中，微生物饲料添加剂的原料按重量份包括：乳酸杆菌10份、枯草芽孢杆菌30份、肠球菌20份、酪酸梭菌25份、粪肠球菌20份；
复合微量元素的原料按重量份包括：甘氨酸钙15份、甘氨酸锌15份、硫酸硒4份、硫酸锰4份、硫酸钾6份、硫酸亚铁18份、柠檬酸铁5份、轻稀土30份；
中草药的原料按重量份包括：兔子草20份、苜蓿30份、青蒿15份、桑叶18份、丁香5份、红麻叶10份、苹果叶5份、薄荷15份、五味子3份、生姜2份、黄芪4份、杜仲叶10份、金钱草6份、鸡血藤5份、蒲公英2份。
实施例5
本发明提出的一种改善鲫鱼肉质用饲料，其原料按重量份包括：胡萝卜粉55份、菜籽饼22份、面包屑37.5份、南瓜粉12.5份、玉米粉16.8份、海带粉5.8份、贝壳粉5.6份、鱼骨粉4.1份、中草药36份、微生物饲料添加剂0.015份、花生四烯酸0.45份、二十碳五烯酸0.13份、亚油酸0.56份、海藻多糖0.95份、低聚半乳糖1.1份、玉米香精1.1份、蜂蜜1.2份、复合微量元素0.12份、复合维生素0.018份。
其中，微生物饲料添加剂的原料按重量份包括：乳酸杆菌20份、枯草芽孢杆菌20份、肠球菌30份、酪酸梭菌15份、粪肠球菌30份；
复合微量元素的原料按重量份包括：甘氨酸钙25份、甘氨酸锌10份、硫酸硒8份、硫酸锰2份、硫酸钾10份、硫酸亚铁10份、柠檬酸铁12份、轻稀土20份；
中草药的原料按重量份包括：兔子草30份、苜蓿20份、青蒿25份、桑叶10份、丁香10份、红麻叶5份、苹果叶10份、薄荷8份、五味子7份、生姜1份、黄芪8份、杜仲叶5份、金钱草10份、鸡血藤2份、蒲公英5份。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (6)
1.一种改善鲫鱼肉质用饲料，其特征在于，其原料按重量份包括：胡萝卜粉40-60份、菜籽饼20-30份、面包屑30-40份、南瓜粉10-20份、玉米粉10-20份、海带粉5-8份、贝壳粉3-6份、鱼骨粉2-8份、中草药25-40份、微生物饲料添加剂0.01-0.04份、花生四烯酸0.3-0.5份、二十碳五烯酸0.1-0.3份、亚油酸0.4-0.6份、海藻多糖0.8-1.5份、低聚半乳糖1-1.5份、玉米香精0.5-1.2份、蜂蜜1-2份、复合微量元素0.08-0.18份、复合维生素0.01-0.02份。
2.根据权利要求1所述一种改善鲫鱼肉质用饲料，其特征在于，其原料按重量份包括：胡萝卜粉45-55份、菜籽饼22-28份、面包屑32-37份、南瓜粉12-18份、玉米粉12-18份、海带粉5.5-7.5份、贝壳粉4-5份、鱼骨粉3-7份、中草药28-36份、微生物饲料添加剂0.02-0.03份、花生四烯酸0.35-0.45份、二十碳五烯酸0.15-0.25份、亚油酸0.45-0.55份、海藻多糖0.9-1.3份、低聚半乳糖1.1-1.4份、玉米香精0.6-1份、蜂蜜1.2-1.8份、复合微量元素0.1-0.16份、复合维生素0.012-0.018份。
3.根据权利要求2所述一种改善鲫鱼肉质用饲料，其特征在于，胡萝卜粉50份、菜籽饼26份、面包屑34份、南瓜粉15份、玉米粉16份、海带粉6.8份、贝壳粉4.8份、鱼骨粉5.5份、中草药32份、微生物饲料添加剂0.025份、花生四烯酸0.42份、二十碳五烯酸0.18份、亚油酸0.48份、海藻多糖1.1份、低聚半乳糖1.25份、玉米香精0.8份、蜂蜜1.45份、复合微量元素0.13份、复合维生素0.015份。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述一种改善鲫鱼肉质用饲料，其特征在于，微生物饲料添加剂的原料按重量份包括：乳酸杆菌10-20份、枯草芽孢杆菌20-30份、肠球菌20-30份、酪酸梭菌15-25份、粪肠球菌20-30份。
5.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述一种改善鲫鱼肉质用饲料，其特征在于，复合微量元素的原料按重量份包括：甘氨酸钙15-25份、甘氨酸锌10-15份、硫酸硒4-8份、硫酸锰2-4份、硫酸钾6-10份、硫酸亚铁10-18份、柠檬酸铁5-12份、轻稀土20-30份。
6.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述一种改善鲫鱼肉质用饲料，其特征在于，中草药的原料按重量份包括：兔子草20-30份、苜蓿20-30份、青蒿15-25份、桑叶10-18份、丁香5-10份、红麻叶5-10份、苹果叶5-10份、薄荷8-15份、五味子3-7份、生姜1-2份、黄芪4-8份、杜仲叶5-10份、金钱草6-10份、鸡血藤2-5份、蒲公英2-5份。
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