CN107373149A - 以木薯渣和苹果渣为主料的发酵种猪饲料及其制备工艺 - Google Patents
以木薯渣和苹果渣为主料的发酵种猪饲料及其制备工艺 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种以木薯渣和苹果渣为主料的发酵种猪饲料及其制备工艺,饲料以木纤维为主料,具有符合要求的营养成分并且成本低,配料中加入了凝结芽孢杆菌,耐胃酸,稳定性高,能够促进消化。制备该饲料时,采用发酵的工艺进行处理,制得的饲料有浓烈的发酵香味,对仔猪及母猪具有强烈的诱食作用,发酵后的饲料保留了原材料的价值成分,又易消化和吸收。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种以木纤维为主料的发酵种猪饲料及其工艺,特别涉及一种以木薯渣和苹果渣为主料的发酵种猪饲料及其制备工艺。
背景技术
猪肉味甘咸平,含有丰富的蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物等成分,是日常生活的主要副食品,具有补虚强身、滋阴润燥及丰肌泽肤的作用。饲养猪的饲料会影响猪的价值,为了保证饲料的营养价值并降低饲料成本,养殖户常常采购价格低廉的木纤维,比如木薯渣和苹果渣,将木纤维混合一些饲料后喂猪。
木薯渣是木薯提取淀粉后的副产物,主要指标包括粗纤维、粗灰分和水分,无氮浸出物为60%,粗蛋白含量2.8%。粗纤维含量15%,能量和玉米相当,利用的好可以大幅度提高经济价值。由于动物对木薯渣含有的营养吸收率低,因此该方式饲养的猪生长缓慢。尤其是养殖户对木薯渣不会贮存,通常是堆积在外面并用薄膜简单盖上,木薯渣易受黄曲霉素污染而变黄、变黑,动物吃了之后会引起中毒或者诱发病症。
苹果渣是新鲜苹果经破碎压榨提汁后的剩余物,主要由果皮、果核和残余果肉组成,含有可溶性糖、维生素、矿物质及纤维素等丰富的营养物质,是良好的饲料资源。苹果渣中,果皮果肉占96.2%,果籽占3.1%,果梗占0.7%,苹果渣的无氮浸出物为61.5%,其中总糖15.1%,粗脂肪6.8%,粗蛋白含量6.2%。粗纤维中除了少量的果壳、果梗为木质素外,果肉、果皮多为半纤维素和纤维素。但是苹果渣对贮存和运输的要求稍高,处理不当容易变质,对猪形成潜在的危险。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种以木薯渣和苹果渣为主料的发酵种猪饲料及其制备工艺,解决了以木纤维为主料的猪饲料不易吸收的问题。
为了解决上述问题,本发明提供了一种以木薯渣和苹果渣为主料的发酵种猪饲料,由下述组分组成,木薯渣30-35%,苹果渣60-65%,枯草芽孢杆菌0.5%,凝结芽孢杆菌1.5%,酵母菌1%,乳酸菌1%,复合酶0.08-0.12%,硫酸铵0.08-0.12%,碳酸钙0.08-0.12%,糖蜜0.8-1%。
进一步的,由以下组分组成,木薯渣33%,苹果渣61.7%,枯草芽孢杆菌0.5%,凝结芽孢杆菌1.5%,酵母菌1%,乳酸菌1%,复合酶0.1%,硫酸铵0.1%,碳酸钙0.1%,糖蜜1%。
本申请还包括上述猪饲料的制备工艺,包括以下步骤,
a.将凝结芽孢杆菌和酵母菌均匀混合,然后加入45℃的水搅拌均匀;
b.向步骤a形成的混合物中加入复合酶、枯草芽孢杆菌、乳酸菌、硫酸铵、碳酸钙及糖蜜;
c.将木薯渣、苹果渣及步骤b形成的混合物均匀混合并进行控温发酵,发酵温度为40-45℃;
d.测定步骤c中的发酵物的pH值,当测得的pH值在4.5-5.2之间时停止发酵,经验判断,大约需要72小时,然后依次进行烘干、粉碎、检验及包装。
与现有技术相比,本发明存在以下技术效果:
本发明提供一种以木薯渣和苹果渣为主料的发酵种猪饲料,以木纤维为主料,具有符合要求的营养成分并且成本低,配料中加入了凝结芽孢杆菌,耐胃酸,稳定性高,能够促进消化。制备该饲料时,采用发酵的工艺进行处理,制得的饲料有浓烈的发酵香味,对仔猪及母猪具有强烈的诱食作用,发酵后的饲料保留了原材料的价值成分,又易消化和吸收。同时,该工艺除去了木薯渣和苹果渣的贮存环节,从而避免了因木薯渣和苹果渣变质而带来的潜在风险。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种以木薯渣和苹果渣为主料的发酵种猪饲料,由下述组分按重量份数组成,木薯渣30%,苹果渣65%,枯草芽孢杆菌0.5%,凝结芽孢杆菌1.5%,酵母菌1%,乳酸菌1%,复合酶0.08%,硫酸铵0.06%,碳酸钙0.06%,糖蜜0.8%
上述猪饲料的制备工艺,包括以下步骤,
a.将凝结芽孢杆菌和酵母菌均匀混合,然后加入45℃的水搅拌均匀;
b.向步骤a形成的混合物中加入复合酶、枯草芽孢杆菌、乳酸菌、硫酸铵、碳酸钙及糖蜜;
c.将木薯渣、苹果渣及步骤b形成的混合物均匀混合并进行控温发酵,发酵温度为40℃;
d.测定步骤c中的发酵物的pH值,当测得的pH值在4.5-5.2之间时停止发酵,经验判断,大约需要72小时,发酵完成后依次进行烘干、粉碎、检验及包装。
本发明涉及的以木薯渣和苹果渣为主料的发酵种猪饲料,以木纤维为主料,具有符合要求的营养成分并且成本低,配料中加入了凝结芽孢杆菌,耐胃酸,稳定性高,能够促进消化。工艺上采用发酵的工艺进行处理,制得的饲料有浓烈的发酵香味,对仔猪及母猪具有强烈的诱食作用,发酵后的饲料保留了原材料的价值成分,又易消化和吸收。
实施例2
一种以木薯渣和苹果渣为主料的发酵种猪饲料,由以下组分组成,木薯渣33%,苹果渣61.7%,枯草芽孢杆菌0.5%,凝结芽孢杆菌1.5%,酵母菌1%,乳酸菌1%,复合酶0.1%,硫酸铵0.1%,碳酸钙0.1%,糖蜜1%
上述猪饲料的制备工艺,包括以下步骤,
a.将凝结芽孢杆菌和酵母菌均匀混合,然后加入45℃的水搅拌均匀;
b.向步骤a形成的混合物中加入复合酶、枯草芽孢杆菌、乳酸菌、硫酸铵、碳酸钙及糖蜜;
c.将木薯渣、苹果渣及步骤b形成的混合物均匀混合并进行控温发酵,发酵温度为43℃;
d.测定步骤c中的发酵物的pH值,当测得的pH值在4.5-5.2之间时停止发酵,经验判断,大约需要72小时,发酵完成后依次进行烘干、粉碎、检验及包装。
本发明涉及的以木薯渣和苹果渣为主料的发酵种猪饲料,以木纤维为主料,具有符合要求的营养成分并且成本低,配料中加入了凝结芽孢杆菌,耐胃酸,稳定性高,能够促进消化。工艺上采用发酵的工艺进行处理,制得的饲料有浓烈的发酵香味,对仔猪及母猪具有强烈的诱食作用,发酵后的饲料保留了原材料的价值成分,又易消化和吸收。
实施例3
一种以木薯渣和苹果渣为主料的发酵种猪饲料,由以下组分组成,木薯渣34.44%,苹果渣60%,枯草芽孢杆菌0.5%,凝结芽孢杆菌1.5%,酵母菌1%,乳酸菌1%,复合酶0.12%,硫酸铵0.12%,碳酸钙0.12%,糖蜜1.2%。
上述猪饲料的制备工艺,包括以下步骤,
a.将凝结芽孢杆菌和酵母菌均匀混合,然后加入45℃的水搅拌均匀;
b.向步骤a形成的混合物中加入复合酶、枯草芽孢杆菌、乳酸菌、硫酸铵、碳酸钙及糖蜜;
c.将木薯渣、苹果渣及步骤b形成的混合物均匀混合并进行控温发酵,发酵温度为45℃;
d.测定步骤c中的发酵物的pH值,当测得的pH值在4.5-5.2之间时停止发酵,经验判断,大约需要72小时,发酵完成后依次进行烘干、粉碎、检验及包装。
本发明涉及的以木薯渣和苹果渣为主料的发酵种猪饲料,以木纤维为主料,具有符合要求的营养成分并且成本低,配料中加入了凝结芽孢杆菌,耐胃酸,稳定性高,能够促进消化。工艺上采用发酵的工艺进行处理,制得的饲料有浓烈的发酵香味,对仔猪及母猪具有强烈的诱食作用,发酵后的饲料保留了原材料的价值成分,又易消化和吸收。
检测结果
表1为对以木薯渣和苹果渣为主料的发酵种猪饲料中含有活菌总数和乳酸的含量测定结果。
样品标号 | 活菌总数(亿cfu/g) | 乳酸含量(%) |
X001 | 3.7 | 4.1 |
X002 | 4.0 | 4.2 |
X003 | 4.7 | 4.5 |
其中,乳酸测定用NaOH滴定法:取样品10.00克,加蒸馏水90.00ml,搅拌30分钟后,在离心机3000转离心5分钟,取上清液加入40ml蒸馏水后,用0.1mol/L的NaOH标准溶液滴定,至溶液PH=8.2为滴定终点,记录体积V(ml),乳酸含量(%)=C×V×90.08÷10。其中,C为氢氧化钠标准溶液的浓度(mol/L),V为样品消耗氢氧化钠标准溶液的体积(ml),90.08为乳酸的分子量。活菌总数的检测方法采用GB4789.2-2016食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验菌落总数的测定方法。从分析结果上看,以木薯渣和苹果渣为主料的发酵种猪饲料中乳酸含量都比较高,有益活菌数也比较高,有利于帮助动物维持肠道健康、提高生产性能。
以上公开的仅为本申请的部分具体实施例,但本申请并非局限于此,任何本领域的技术人员能思之的变化,都应落在本申请的保护范围内。
Claims (3)
1.一种以木薯渣和苹果渣为主料的发酵种猪饲料,其特征在于,由下述组分组成,木薯渣30-35%,苹果渣60-65%,枯草芽孢杆菌0.5%,凝结芽孢杆菌1.5%,酵母菌1%,乳酸菌1%,复合酶0.08%-0.12%,硫酸铵0.08%-0.12%,碳酸钙0.08%-0.12%,糖蜜0.8%-1%。
2.如权利要求1所述的以木薯渣和苹果渣为主料的发酵种猪饲料,其特征在于,由以下组分组成,木薯渣33%,苹果渣61.7%,枯草芽孢杆菌0.5%,凝结芽孢杆菌1.5%,酵母菌1%,乳酸菌1%,复合酶0.1%,硫酸铵0.1%,碳酸钙0.1%,糖蜜1%。
3.如权利要求1或2任一项所述的以木薯渣和苹果渣为主料的发酵种猪饲料的制备工艺,其特征在于,包括以下步骤,
a.将凝结芽孢杆菌和酵母菌均匀混合,然后加入45℃的水搅拌均匀;
b.向步骤a形成的混合物中加入复合酶、枯草芽孢杆菌、乳酸菌、硫酸铵、碳酸钙及糖蜜;
c.将木薯渣、苹果渣及步骤b形成的混合物均匀混合并进行控温发酵,发酵温度为40-45℃;
d.测定步骤c中的发酵物的pH值,当测得的pH值在4.5-5.2之间时停止发酵,并依次进行烘干、粉碎、检验及包装。
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Cited By (4)
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CN107712375A (zh) * | 2017-12-07 | 2018-02-23 | 董悫 | 一种猪饲料 |
CN109480089A (zh) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-19 | 福建倍思达生物有限公司 | 一种富含木纤维的功能性添加剂及其制备方法 |
CN110754567A (zh) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-02-07 | 塔里木大学 | 一种残次苹果或香梨与稻草混贮饲料及其制作方法 |
CN113229403A (zh) * | 2021-06-02 | 2021-08-10 | 杨春凯 | 一种动物酵素及其制备工艺 |
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