CN107373132A - 酶制剂生猪配合饲料 - Google Patents
酶制剂生猪配合饲料 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN107373132A CN107373132A CN201710618212.XA CN201710618212A CN107373132A CN 107373132 A CN107373132 A CN 107373132A CN 201710618212 A CN201710618212 A CN 201710618212A CN 107373132 A CN107373132 A CN 107373132A
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- Prior art keywords
- live pig
- feed
- pig
- wheat
- live
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- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/30—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for swines
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种酶制剂生猪配合饲料,旨在提供一种既能满足生猪正常生长需求、又能提高饲料转化率、增强生猪体质健康,同时还可降低对环境影响的生猪饲料。它由每千克生猪饲粮中添加植酸酶0.15g、巴尔多酶2.5g、活力酶0.15g、派肥2g混配而成;所述生猪饲粮由小麦、玉米、DDGS饲料、麸皮、米糠、豆粕、石粉、磷酸氢钙、赖氨酸、食盐、猪微量元素预混料、L‑苏氨酸、氯化胆碱、源康宝、抗氧喹、酵母硒、蔗糖、维生素、木聚糖酶、猪用维生素。本发明饲料本发明饲料可以减少磷对环境的污染,能提高蛋白质、氨基酸的消化率;是一种养殖效率高、食品营养与安全性好的生猪配合饲料。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种生猪配合饲料,尤其涉及一种酶制剂生猪配合饲料。
背景技术
饲料酶制剂是一种新型饲料添加剂,它具有提高养分消化率、提高配合饲料质量稳定性、降低环境污染和除臭等优点。目前饲料酶制剂主要包括淀粉酶、α-半乳糖苷酶、纤维素酶、β-葡聚糖酶、葡萄糖氧化酶、脂肪酶、麦芽糖酶、甘露聚糖酶、果胶酶、植酸酶、蛋白酶、角蛋白酶、木聚糖酶等。由于饲料原料结构的复杂性,饲料工业生产中更多使用的是由两种或两种以上的单酶复合而成的复合酶制剂。
饲料酶制剂可有助于扩大饲料原料利用的范围,充分利用米糠、麸皮、籼稻等农副产物,提高饲料的利用率,降低饲料成本,减少玉米的消耗量,缓解人畜争粮矛盾。但目前酶制剂的应用存在以下问题:菌种耐热性能低、在胃肠中的稳定性差、外源酶与内源酶的平衡性等。
发明内容
针对现有技术中存在的上述缺陷,本发明旨在提供一种既能满足生猪正常生长需求、又能提高饲料转化率、增强生猪体质健康,同时还可降低对环境影响的酶制剂生猪配合饲料。
为了实现上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案:它由每千克生猪饲粮中添加植酸酶0.15g、巴尔多酶2.5g、活力酶0.15g、派肥2g混配而成;
所述生猪饲粮由下列重量百分比的原料制成:小麦39.9%、玉米33.2%、DDGS饲料8%、麸皮6%、米糠6%、豆粕3.8%、石粉1.3%、磷酸氢钙0.5%、有效含量为98.5%的赖氨酸0.45%、食盐0.4%、猪微量元素预混料0.1%、L-苏氨酸0.09%、氯化胆碱0.09%、源康宝0.04%、抗氧喹0.03%、酵母硒0.02%、蔗糖0.02%、维生素E0.02%、木聚糖酶0.02%、猪用维生素0.02%;
生猪饲粮制备方法如下:
1)将小麦、玉米、DDGS饲料、麸皮、米糠、豆粕在40-50℃条件下烘干、粉碎,料混合均匀后密封堆积发酵5-10天、蒸煮灭菌,得植物发酵饲料;
2)将所述植物发酵饲料与剩余各原料混合均匀,加水调节含水量达10%-15%,挤压膨化制粒,保证挤压膨化机温度达80-100℃,螺杆转速达180-210rpm;
3)将饲料颗粒烘烤至水分含量为5-14% 。
上述技术方案中,DDGS饲料是酒糟中蛋白饲料的商品名,含有可溶固形物的干酒糟。在以玉米为原料发酵制取乙醇过程中,其中的淀粉被转化成乙醇和二氧化碳,其他营养成分如蛋白质、脂肪、纤维等均留在酒糟中。同时由于微生物的作用,酒糟中蛋白质、B族维生素及氨基酸含量均比玉米有所增加,并含有发酵中生成的未知促生长因子。DDGS饲料能预防猪肠道消化疾病并能抑制饲料自身的病原菌,DDGS有效磷含量高,钙含量很低,需要其他矿物原料来补充;B族维生素和维生素E含量丰富,但赖氨酸和色氨酸含量很低,必须添加赖氨酸和色氨酸。玉米DDGS是猪不同生长阶段所需能量、蛋白质和其他主要养分的优秀来源。
磷酸氢钙作为食品饲料添加剂,以补充禽畜饲料中的磷、钙元素,同时还可治疗牲畜的佝偻病、软骨病、贫血症等。
赖氨酸最重要的生理功能是参与体蛋白的合成,因此与动物生长密切相关。赖氨酸在体内发挥着重要的生理功能,其缺乏将直接或间接影响动物的生长、繁殖和发育。赖氨酸是合成体蛋白不可缺少的成分,在酶蛋白、生殖细胞、骨骼肌及血红蛋白等的形成中具有非常重要的作用,同时也是某些多肽激素的组分之一;赖氨酸参与体内能量代谢过程,是生酮氨基酸之一,当体内缺乏碳水化合物时,可被分解为葡萄糖或酮体来提供能量;赖氨酸也是酯代谢中肉毒碱的前体物质,在脂肪代谢中发挥着重要的生理作用。
微量元素预混料是一种或多种微量矿物元素化合物与载体或稀释剂按一定比例配制的均匀混合物。按饲喂品种可分为牛、猪、鸡、鱼等微量元素预混料;一般不能单独饲喂,要与常规饲料配合成日粮饲喂。微量矿物元素主要包括铜、铁、锌、锰、碘、硒、钴等;尤其适合于鱼粉、杂粕日粮,可明显增强畜禽的抗病、抗应激能力,提高饲料转化率,促进骨骼发育,提高生长速度,改善肉品品质。本发明采用的微量元素预混料是牌号为“518”。
苏氨酸可促进生长、提高免疫机能等;平衡日粮氨基酸,使氨基酸比例更接近于理想蛋白质,从而降低畜禽对饲料中蛋白含量的要求。缺乏苏氨酸,可导致动物采食量降低、生长受阻、饲料利用率下降、免疫机能抑制等症状。
氯化胆碱用于治疗脂肪肝和肝硬化。也作为禽畜饲料添加剂,能刺激卵巢多产蛋、产仔及禽畜、鱼类等增重。
源康宝是一种饲料添加剂的商品名称,具有调整肠道菌群平衡,改善动物营养水平,抑制病菌、分泌杀菌物质、抑制大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌的生长繁殖,改善肉、蛋、奶及皮毛质量,提高免疫功能和抗应激能力、降低腹泻率和死亡率等作用。
抗氧喹是一种抗氧化剂。
酵母硒是利用酵母开发出来的一种有机硒源,是通过硒富集在生长酵母的细胞蛋白结构内而生产。不仅可满足动物对硒的生理需求后,而且还可在动物体内储存,避免短期内再次缺硒。
蔗糖属于甜味剂,能掩盖饲料原有的不良味道、改善畜禽味觉、促进饲料的消化吸收和利用、提高采食量和饮水量。
木聚糖酶可以分解酿造或饲料工业中的原料细胞壁以及β-葡聚糖,降低酿造中物料的粘度,促进有效物质的释放,以及降低饲料用粮中的非淀粉多糖,促进营养物质的吸收利用,并因而更易取可溶性脂类成分。木聚糖酶是指可将木聚糖降解成低聚糖和木糖的一组酶的总称。
猪用维生素具有以下作用:改善消化系统,快速补充有益菌,抑制有害病菌增殖,调节肠道菌群生态平衡,提高母猪肠道动力,消除母猪便秘,减少毒素积累,减少弱仔死胎,减少母猪垂直感染。增强母猪体质,提高哺乳母猪的泌乳量,改善奶水品质,提高断奶重,缩短断奶时间,防止断奶仔猪及保育期仔猪腹泻、掉膘问题。促进妊娠期和产后母猪正常采食,帮助消化,增加产奶,减少掉膘。通过改善母猪肠道健康,增加粪便中有益菌的含量,有效改善产床环境,减少乳猪黄白痢的发生。促进母猪断奶后正常发情,提高母猪繁殖性能,提高产仔数,提高初生重,成活率。改善养殖环境,降低舍内氨气、硫化氢等有害气体的浓度,减少母猪环境应激。减少或替代饲用抗生素,降低耐药性。增强动物非特异性免疫力,降低发病率60%以上。
在上述技术方案中,巴尔多酶是一种饲料酶制剂的商品名(广州兆想生物科技有限公司),它包含蛋白酶、纤维素酶、淀粉酶、木聚糖酶、β-葡聚糖酶。
活力酶是一种饲料酶制剂的商品名(广州兆想生物科技有限公司),它包含蛋白酶、淀粉酶、木聚糖酶、β-葡聚糖酶、果胶酶、糖化酶、脂肪酶。
派肥是一种饲料酶制剂的商品名(株洲智荟生物科技有限公司),它包含枯草芽孢杆菌、木聚糖酶、半乳甘露聚糖酶。
与现有技术比较,本发明技术方案具有一下优点:
1、在生猪饲粮中(特别是低有效磷饲粮)添加植酸酶,可有效提高植酸磷的利用率,减少磷对环境的污染,保护农业生态环境,提高蛋白质、氨基酸的消化率,增加钙、镁、铜、锰、锌、铁等矿物元素的生物利用率,提高动物生产性能(如提高日增重、饲料转化率、产肉量等)和饲料报酬。
2、针对肠道中的病原菌大多为需氧菌,而有益菌多为厌氧菌,在猪的饲粮中添加派肥,进入十二指肠后其芽孢快速萌发成为营养体,在萌发和生长过程中消耗大量氧气,造成肠道缺氧环境,从而可抑制病原菌的生长和繁殖,促进有益菌的大量繁殖。派肥中的芽孢在快速萌发和生长过程中会产生大量溶菌酶,在小肠建立自然防御屏障,杀死病原菌。同时也发挥了反硝化作用,利用硝酸盐作为氮素源,最终辅助合成蛋白质或供能,并参与分解硫化物等代谢产物,降低氨气等有害气体的排放。
3、在猪饲粮中加入纤维素酶、半纤维素酶和果胶酶,可降解猪消化道内的非淀粉多糖(NSP),降低肠道内容物的粘性,促进营养物质的消化吸收,减少猪腹泻和下痢,从而促进猪的生长,提高饲料利用率。
本发明可改善养殖生态环境、提高养殖效率,可确保食品营养与安全、提高猪肉产品质量。122户生猪养殖场(户)投喂本发明饲料(半年)试验表明,生猪日平均增重744.30g,料肉比可达1:2.6。以下是本发明饲料于不同猪养殖场(户)投喂半年所取得的部分数据:
序号 | 时间 | 生猪数量(头) | 日平均增重(g) | 平均料肉比 |
1 | 2015、11、29—2016、4、28 | 307 | 780.76 | 1:2.64 |
2 | 2015、12、15—2016、5、27 | 274 | 759.45 | 1:2.79 |
3 | 2016、3、22—2016、9、7 | 395 | 787.28 | 1:2.55 |
4 | 2015、7、30—2016、1、11 | 300 | 759.31 | 1:2.54 |
5 | 2016、1、4日—2016、1、17 | 297 | 757.76 | 1:2.54 |
6 | 2015、12、28—2016、6、5 | 289 | 818.18 | 1:2.55 |
经测定,本发明饲料对生猪日粮的各项指标如下:
DM消化率为83.33%(按GB/T6435-2006方法测定);
GE消化率为85.89%;
CP消化率为81.32%(按GB/T6432-1994方法测定);
NFE消化率为90.84%(按GB/T6438-2007方法测定);
CF消化率为54.32%(按GB/T6434-1994方法测定);
EE消化率为69.12%(按GB/T6433-1994方法测定);
Ca消化率为45.12%(按GB/T6436-2002方法测定);
P消化率为55.11%(按GB/T6437-2002方法测定);
从测定结果可以看出,本发明饲料可以减少磷对环境的污染,保护农业生态环境,能提高蛋白质、氨基酸的消化率,可增加钙、镁、铜、锰、锌、铁等矿物元素的生物利用率,提高动物生产性能(如提高日增重、饲料转化率、产肉量等)和饲料报酬。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体的实施例对本发明作进一步说明,具体方法如下:
实施例1
本发明饲料由每千克生猪饲粮中添加植酸酶0.15g、巴尔多酶2.5g、活力酶0.15g、派肥2g混配而成;
所述生猪饲粮由下列重量百分比的原料制成:小麦39.9%、玉米33.2%、DDGS饲料8%、麸皮6%、米糠6%、豆粕3.8%、石粉1.3%、磷酸氢钙0.5%、有效含量为98.5%的赖氨酸0.45%、食盐0.4%、猪微量元素预混料0.1%、L-苏氨酸0.09%、氯化胆碱0.09%、源康宝0.04%、抗氧喹0.03%、酵母硒0.02%、蔗糖0.02%、维生素E0.02%、木聚糖酶0.02%、猪用维生素0.02% 。
其中,生猪饲粮制备方法如下:
1)将小麦、玉米、DDGS饲料、麸皮、米糠、豆粕在40-50℃条件下烘干、粉碎,料混合均匀后密封堆积发酵5-10天、蒸煮灭菌,得植物发酵饲料;
2)将所述植物发酵饲料与剩余各原料混合均匀,加水调节含水量达10%-15%,挤压膨化制粒,保证挤压膨化机温度达80-100℃,螺杆转速达180-210rpm;
3)将饲料颗粒烘烤至水分含量为5-14% 。
Claims (1)
1.一种酶制剂生猪配合饲料,其特征在于:由每千克生猪饲粮中添加植酸酶0.15g、巴尔多酶2.5g、活力酶0.15g、派肥2g混配而成;
所述生猪饲粮由下列重量百分比的原料制成:小麦39.9%、玉米33.2%、DDGS饲料8%、麸皮6%、米糠6%、豆粕3.8%、石粉1.3%、磷酸氢钙0.5%、有效含量为98.5%的赖氨酸0.45%、食盐0.4%、猪微量元素预混料0.1%、L-苏氨酸0.09%、氯化胆碱0.09%、源康宝0.04%、抗氧喹0.03%、酵母硒0.02%、蔗糖0.02%、维生素E0.02%、木聚糖酶0.02%、猪用维生素0.02%;
生猪饲粮制备方法如下:
1)将小麦、玉米、DDGS饲料、麸皮、米糠、豆粕在40-50℃条件下烘干、粉碎,料混合均匀后密封堆积发酵5-10天、蒸煮灭菌,得植物发酵饲料;
2)将所述植物发酵饲料与剩余各原料混合均匀,加水调节含水量达10%-15%,挤压膨化制粒,保证挤压膨化机温度达80-100℃,螺杆转速达180-210rpm;
3)将饲料颗粒烘烤至水分含量为5-14% 。
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CN109770047A (zh) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-05-21 | 刘坚 | 一种母猪哺乳期用饲料及其制备方法 |
CN115444075A (zh) * | 2022-09-02 | 2022-12-09 | 英联饲料(辽宁)有限公司 | 可改善饲料消化率且降低猪的肠道食糜粘度和炎症的专用饲料 |
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CN115444075A (zh) * | 2022-09-02 | 2022-12-09 | 英联饲料(辽宁)有限公司 | 可改善饲料消化率且降低猪的肠道食糜粘度和炎症的专用饲料 |
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