CN107371958A - High-yield banana implantation methods - Google Patents
High-yield banana implantation methods Download PDFInfo
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- CN107371958A CN107371958A CN201710652754.9A CN201710652754A CN107371958A CN 107371958 A CN107371958 A CN 107371958A CN 201710652754 A CN201710652754 A CN 201710652754A CN 107371958 A CN107371958 A CN 107371958A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/001—Culture apparatus for tissue culture
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H4/00—Plant reproduction by tissue culture techniques ; Tissue culture techniques therefor
- A01H4/008—Methods for regeneration to complete plants
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/30—Polygonaceae [Buckwheat family], e.g. red-knees or rhubarb
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high-yield banana implantation methods, comprise the following steps：S1, tissue induction；S2, Multiplying culture：Wherein, growing culture medium includes following raw material：MS, BA, NAA, sucrose, banana extract solution, lysozyme, plant extraction liquid；S3, differentiation culture：Callus after Multiplying culture in S2 is placed in differential medium to the seedling for carrying out Fiber differentiation and being taken root to formation；S4, seedling replanting：After seedling is grown to stalwartness in transplanting to greenhouse, and carry out water and fertilizer management；Soil is carried out to soil to dig, then apply composite fertilizer, bio-fertilizer 1 before transplanting；Bio-fertilizer includes following components：Peanut press pulp, dregs of beans, powder of straw, pomace, bone meal, modified chestnut shell, oyster shell powder, bacillus subtilis, aspergillus oryzae, saccharomyces cerevisiae, calcium superphosphate, urea, chicken manure.The high-yield banana implantation methods of the present invention improve the survival rate of banana, add the yield of banana, significantly improve the economic benefit of plantation banana.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to banana planting method field, specifically a kind of high-yield banana implantation methods.
Background technology
Banana category Musaceae banana, it is one of fruit that world's fresh fruit volume of trade is maximum, cultivated area is most wide.Mesh
Before share 125 countries and regions production bananas, some countries and regions bananas wherein have huge replacement to grain
Effect, and by FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nation) regard as being only second to the fourth-largest cereal crops after rice, wheat, corn, it is nearly 500,000,000
The main food of population.Banana is the most fruit of south China yield, and banana industry has turned into the branch in the agricultural of China hot-zone
Post industry.The plantation fertilizing management and pest and disease damage problem of banana annoying banana peasant always, and traditional implantation methods are uncomprehensive each
Individual aspect factor and cause any of several broadleaf plants seedling can not survive normal growth or result, so as to not reach harvesting high-quality high-yield, limit banana peasant's
Income.Therefore, it is necessary to which more efficiently raising banana seedlings strain survival rate, the implantation methods for lifting banana production and quality go out
It is existing.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to solve at least the above and defect, and provide the advantages of at least will be described later.
It is a still further object of the present invention to provide a kind of high-yield banana implantation methods, and it to banana scapus by carrying out tissue
Induction, Multiplying culture, differentiation culture obtain Banana Seedlings, and then Banana Seedlings are transplanted, while apply biology to transplanting soil
Fertilizer improves the survival rate of banana, adds the yield of banana, significantly improves the economic benefit of plantation banana.
In order to realize according to object of the present invention and further advantage, there is provided a kind of high-yield banana implantation methods, bag
Include the following steps：
S1, tissue induction：The banana scapus of selection health, which is inoculated on inducing culture, carries out tissue induction, and inoculation is rearmounted
Under conditions of temperature is 25~28 DEG C, intensity of illumination is 1000~1500lx, light application time is 12~15h/d culture 25~
Callus is obtained after 30d；
S2, Multiplying culture：The callus obtained in S1 is placed in proliferated culture medium and cultivated, cultural method is first
Full light culture 3~7 days under the conditions of being 25~28 DEG C in temperature, be subsequently placed in temperature be 25~28 DEG C, light application time be 10~
12h/d, intensity of illumination cultivate 20~25d under conditions of being 2000~2500lx；Wherein, the proliferated culture medium includes following original
Material：
MS, 0.8~1.0g/mL BA, 0.1~0.2g/mL NAA, 10~15g/L sucrose, 5~10g/L banana
Extract solution, 0.2~0.5g/L lysozyme, 1~3g/L plant extraction liquid；Wherein, the preparation of the banana extract solution includes
Following steps：
(1) take ripe banana, peeling, section, soaked with the hydrochloric acid solution that pH is 3.0~4.5, then with 90~100 DEG C of heat
Hydro-thermal is scalded, and cooling, adds water to be beaten, slurries are standby；By slurries be placed in power for processing 5 in 400~800W microwave treaters~
10min, obtain the first slurries；
(2) into the first slurries add pectase, pepsin, be placed in temperature be 42~45 DEG C, pH be 2.0~2.5
Under the conditions of react 60~100min, obtain the second slurries；It is 8.5~9.0 that the second slurries are adjusted into pH with sodium hydroxide, adds pancreas
Enzyme, after stirring evenly, 30~60min is reacted under conditions of 40~50 DEG C, enzyme deactivation, adjusts pH to 6.0~7.0, carries out separation of solid and liquid,
Filtrate is collected, filtrate is adsorbed with DEAE chromatographic columns, washed with 10~30mmol/L phosphate buffer phosphate buffers
De-, eluent carries out ultrafiltration with filter membrane, collects filter liquor, produces banana extract liquid；
The preparation method of the plant extraction liquid includes：
By parts by weight be 10~20 parts flaccid knotweed herb, 5~10 parts of ganoderma lucidum, 1~2 part of kuh-seng, 1~2 part of cactus,
8~10 parts of wrinkled giant hyssop, 5~10 parts of Lindley Butterflybush Herb are ground, successively with the volume fraction that parts by weight are 20~30 parts be 70~
80%th, 60~70% ethanol water is 60~90 DEG C of 12~24h of extraction in temperature, merges extract solution twice, obtains plant
Extract solution；
S3, differentiation culture：Callus after Multiplying culture in S2 is placed in differential medium and carries out Fiber differentiation, is trained
The method of supporting be prior to temperature be 25~28 DEG C under the conditions of full light culture 3~7 days, be subsequently placed in temperature for 25~28 DEG C, illumination when
Between be 10~12h/d, the seedling that culture is taken root to formation under conditions of intensity of illumination is 2000~2500lx；
S4, seedling replanting：After seedling is grown to stalwartness in transplanting to greenhouse, and carry out water and fertilizer management；To soil before transplanting
Depth of soil digging up to 25~30cm is carried out, then applies composite fertilizer's 40~50kg/ mus, bio-fertilizer 10~20kg/ mus；It is described
Bio-fertilizer includes following parts by weight of component：50~80 parts of peanut press pulp, 30~60 parts of dregs of beans, 10~20 parts of powder of straw, pomace 5~10
Part, 5~10 parts of bone meal, modified 5~10 parts of chestnut shell, 1~5 part of oyster shell powder, 0.05~0.1 part of bacillus subtilis, meter Qu
Mould 0.1~0.2 part, 0.1~0.2 part of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 2~6 parts of calcium superphosphate, 5~10 parts of urea, 10~20 parts of chicken manure；It is described
The preparation of modified shuck comprises the following steps：
Step 1: the chestnut shell that parts by weight are 100~150 parts is cleaned, crushed, parts by weight are then sequentially added as 1~3
The acetic acid of part, 10~20 parts of sulfuric acid, 20~40 parts of deionized waters, it is that 60~120min is heated at 90~100 DEG C in temperature, it is cold
But, filter, then chestnut shell is washed to neutrality, is dried for standby；
Step 2: into step 1 dry after chestnut shell in add parts by weight be 10~20 parts ethylenediamine, 0.5~1
In the sodium carbonate and 10~20 parts of deionized water of part, 100~150min is stirred at 60~80 DEG C, is cooled down, filtering, washing is extremely
Neutrality, drying grinding obtain being modified chestnut shell；
Preferably, described high-yield banana implantation methods, the preparation method of bio-fertilizer comprise the following steps：
A, by chicken manure that parts by weight are 10~20 parts, 50~80 parts of peanut press pulp, 30~60 parts of dregs of beans, 10~20 parts
Powder of straw, 5~10 parts of pomace, 5~10 parts of bone meal, 5~10 parts of modification chestnut shell, the stirring of 1~5 part of oyster shell powder are mixed
It is even, then add bacillus subtilis, 0.1~0.2 part of aspergillus oryzae, 0.1~0.2 part that parts by weight are 0.05~0.1 part
Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it is well mixed, regulation water content is 40~50%, pH value is 4.5~6.5, temperature is that 25~28 DEG C of progress are aerobic
Fermentation；
B, after fermentation 2 days, material is subjected to first time turning, and adds the calcium superphosphate that parts by weight are 2~6 parts, after
Supervention ferment, second of turning is carried out after fermenting 4 days, while add the urea that parts by weight are 5~10 parts, continue fermentation 15~20
My god, and every turning in 4~6 days once, complete fermentation；
C, the fermentate that will be completed in b, filter residue is filtrated to get, the feeding bulking machine granulation of obtained filter residue is expanded, granulation
When temperature be 90~100 DEG C, it is that 20~30min is dried in 110~120 DEG C of driers to be sent into temperature afterwards, finally by making
Grain machine, which is granulated, produces bio-fertilizer.
Preferably, described high-yield banana implantation methods, inducing culture include following component：MS, 3.0~5.0mg/
L BA, 0.05~0.2mg/L NAA, 0.1~0.5g/L PVP.
Preferably, described high-yield banana implantation methods, differential medium include following component：MS, 0.01~
0.5mg/L IBA, 0.1~0.5g/L PVP.
Preferably, described high-yield banana implantation methods, the preparation method of oyster shell powder comprise the following steps：
Step A, oyster shell is put into the watery hydrochloric acid that mass fraction is 10~12% and soaked 12~24 hours, taken out, wash
Only, dry, be put into after being soaked 12~24 hours in the sodium hydroxide solution that the mass fraction that temperature is 35~45 DEG C is 8%, take
Go out, rinsed well with clear water, dried, it is standby；
Step B, after being irradiated 2~3 hours to the oyster shell handled in step A using infrared ray, oyster shell is placed in 200
Kept for 2~3 hours, crushed at a temperature of~300 DEG C, cross 60~80 mesh sieves, oyster shell just powder is made, it is standby；
Step C, powder at the beginning of obtained oyster shell in step B is put into the ethanol solution that volume fraction is 50~60% and soaked
After 2-3 hours, it is evaporated, that is, the oyster shell powder is made.
Preferably, described high-yield banana implantation methods, ultrafiltration use ultrafiltration of the molecular cut off for 50~100KD
Film.
Preferably, described high-yield banana implantation methods, enzyme deactivation are that 5~10min is kept at 90~100 DEG C in temperature.
The present invention's comprises at least following beneficial effect：
1st, banana planting method of the invention, Multiplying culture contain banana extract solution and plant extraction liquid, banana are passed through
The techniques such as enzymolysis extraction banana extract, banana polysaccharide is extracted, also contains polypeptide, the banana of gained carries to greatest extent
Take and also retain its original vitamin and mineral in liquid as far as possible and micro- isoreactivity material, nutriment enrich,
The division of banana figs stalk cell is greatly facilitated, improves Multiplying culture speed；The plant extraction liquid of the present invention has sterilizing
Effect, the plant treatment liquid by by flaccid knotweed herb, ganoderma lucidum, kuh-seng, cactus, wrinkled giant hyssop, Lindley Butterflybush Herb by ethanol by its effectively into
Divide and extract, wherein lucidum soaked juice has strong suppression bacterial action, banana scapus effectively can be sterilized, still
Lucidum soaked juice too high levels can suppress the growth of banana scapus, coordinated by using flaccid knotweed herb and sterilized, flaccid knotweed herb can have
Promote plant growth effect, and the smell that the wrinkled giant hyssop in extract solution distributes carry out disinfection can be formed one it is relatively sterile nontoxic
Growing environment, using antagonism will not be caused between above-mentioned plant extraction liquid and banana scapus, banana figs Stem nematode can be promoted.
2nd, banana planting method of the invention, apply bio-fertilizer before transplanting to soil, modified chestnut shell contained in bio-fertilizer,
By being modified to chestnut shell so that with chestnut shell with loose structure, specific surface area is big, and modified chestnut shell inhales fertilizer components
It is attached in the inner mesh of carrier, reaches the purpose slowly discharged, extend fertilizer efficiency time；Simultaneously in reduction and fixing soil
Heavy metal reduces the absorption of banana, and this biological organic fertilizer also has biodegradability properties, and gained catabolite is lot of trace
Element ion, these elements can be reabsorbed by banana.
3rd, banana planting method of the invention, also include oyster shell powder in bio-fertilizer, have inside oyster shell powder for number crowd
More ducts interconnected, there is very strong hydrophily and adsorption capacity, the fermentation efficiency of microorganism can be improved, shorten decomposed
Agent can also make soil have water-retaining property, nutrient preserving capability and thoroughly during as fertilizer decomposed time of raw material with oyster shell powder
Gas, soil physics structure can be improved, promote edaphon breeding, promote absorption of the banana to soil nutrient to reach
Volume increase, the purpose of improving quality.
Further advantage, target and the feature of the present invention embodies part by following explanation, and part will also be by this
The research and practice of invention and be understood by the person skilled in the art.
Embodiment
The present invention is elaborated with reference to embodiment, after making those of ordinary skill in the art refer to this specification
It can implement according to this.
<Embodiment 1>
A kind of high-yield banana implantation methods, comprise the following steps：
S1, tissue induction：The banana scapus of selection health, which is inoculated on inducing culture, carries out tissue induction, and inoculation is rearmounted
Callus is obtained after 25d is cultivated under conditions of temperature is 25 DEG C, intensity of illumination 1000lx, light application time are 12h/d；
S2, Multiplying culture：The callus obtained in S1 is placed in proliferated culture medium and cultivated, cultural method is first
Full light culture 3 days under the conditions of being 25 DEG C in temperature, be subsequently placed in temperature be 25 DEG C, light application time 10h/d, intensity of illumination is
20d is cultivated under conditions of 2000lx；Wherein, the proliferated culture medium includes following raw material：MS, 0.8g/mL BA, 0.1g/mL
NAA, 10g/L sucrose, 5g/L banana extract solution, 0.2g/L lysozyme, 1g/L plant extraction liquid；Wherein, it is described
The preparation of banana extract solution comprises the following steps：
(1) take ripe banana, peeling, section, soaked with the hydrochloric acid solution that pH is 3.0, then with 90 DEG C of hot water blanchings, it is cold
But, water is added to be beaten, slurries are standby；Slurries are placed in power to handle 5min in 400W microwave treaters, obtain the first slurries；
(2) pectase, pepsin are added into the first slurries, is placed in that temperature is 42 DEG C, pH reacts under the conditions of being 2.0
60min, obtain the second slurries；It is 8.5 that the second slurries are adjusted into pH with sodium hydroxide, pancreatin is added, after stirring evenly, in 40 DEG C of bar
30min is reacted under part, enzyme deactivation, adjusts pH to 6.0, carries out separation of solid and liquid, filtrate is collected, filtrate is inhaled with DEAE chromatographic columns
It is attached, ultrafiltration is carried out with filter membrane with the elution of 10mmol/L phosphate buffers phosphate buffer, eluent, collects filter liquor, i.e.,
Obtain banana extract liquid；
The preparation method of the plant extraction liquid includes：
By parts by weight be 10 parts flaccid knotweed herb, 5 parts of ganoderma lucidum, 1 part of kuh-seng, 1 part of cactus, 8 parts of wrinkled giant hyssop, 5 parts
Lindley Butterflybush Herb grind, the ethanol water for being successively 70%, 60% with the volume fraction that parts by weight are 20 parts is in temperature
60 DEG C of extraction 12h, merge extract solution twice, obtain plant extraction liquid；
S3, differentiation culture：Callus after Multiplying culture in S2 is placed in differential medium and carries out Fiber differentiation, is trained
The method of supporting be prior to temperature be 25 DEG C under the conditions of full light culture 3 days, be subsequently placed in temperature be 25 DEG C, light application time 10h/d, light
The seedling that culture is taken root to formation under conditions of being 2000lx according to intensity；
S4, seedling replanting：After seedling is grown to stalwartness in transplanting to greenhouse, and carry out water and fertilizer management；To soil before transplanting
Depth of soil digging up to 25cm is carried out, then applies composite fertilizer's 40kg/ mus, bio-fertilizer 10kg/ mus；The bio-fertilizer include with
Lower parts by weight of component：It is 50 parts of peanut press pulp, 30 parts of dregs of beans, 10 parts of powder of straw, 5 parts of pomace, 5 parts of bone meal, modified 5 parts of chestnut shell, male
1 part of oyster shells, 0.05 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.1 part of aspergillus oryzae, 0.1 part of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 2 parts of calcium superphosphate, 5 parts of urea, chicken
10 parts of excrement；The preparation of the modified shuck comprises the following steps：
Step 1: the chestnut shell that parts by weight are 100 parts is cleaned, crushed, the vinegar that parts by weight are 1 part is then sequentially added
Acid, 10 parts sulfuric acid, 20 parts of deionized waters, in temperature be 90 DEG C at heat 60min, cool down, filtering, then chestnut shell wash to
Neutrality, it is dried for standby；
Step 2: into step 1 dry after chestnut shell in add parts by weight be 10 parts ethylenediamine, 0.5 part of carbonic acid
In sodium and 10 parts of deionized water, 100min is stirred at 60 DEG C, is cooled down, filtering, washs to neutrality, drying grinding and is modified
Chestnut shell；
Described high-yield banana implantation methods, the preparation method of bio-fertilizer comprise the following steps：
A, it is 10 parts of chicken manure, 50 parts of peanut press pulp, 30 parts of dregs of beans, 10 parts of powder of straw, 5 parts of fruit by parts by weight
Slag, 5 parts of bone meal, 5 parts of modification chestnut shell, 1 part of oyster shell powder stir and evenly mix, and it is 0.05 part withered then to add parts by weight
Careless bacillus, 0.1 part of aspergillus oryzae, 0.1 part of saccharomyces cerevisiae, be well mixed, regulation water content be 40%, pH value 4.5,
Temperature is 25 DEG C of progress aerobic fermentations；
B, after fermentation 2 days, material is subjected to first time turning, and adds the calcium superphosphate that parts by weight are 2 parts, continues to send out
Ferment, second of turning is carried out after fermenting 4 days, while add the urea that parts by weight are 5 parts, continue fermentation 15 days, and every 4 days
Turning once, completes fermentation；
C, the fermentate that will be completed in b, filter residue is filtrated to get, the feeding bulking machine granulation of obtained filter residue is expanded, granulation
When temperature be 90 DEG C, it is that 20min is dried in 110 DEG C of driers to be sent into temperature afterwards, is granulated finally by comminutor and produces life
Thing fertilizer.
Described high-yield banana implantation methods, inducing culture include following component：MS, 3.0mg/L BA, 0.05mg/L
NAA, 0.1g/L PVP.
Described high-yield banana implantation methods, differential medium include following component：MS, 0.01mg/L IBA, 0.1g/L
PVP.
Described high-yield banana implantation methods, the preparation method of oyster shell powder comprise the following steps：
Step A, oyster shell is put into the watery hydrochloric acid that mass fraction is 10% and soaked 12 hours, taken out, cleaned, dry,
It is put into after being soaked 12 hours in the sodium hydroxide solution that the mass fraction that temperature is 35 DEG C is 8%, takes out, is rinsed with clear water dry
Only, dry, it is standby；
Step B, after being irradiated 2 hours to the oyster shell handled in step A using infrared ray, oyster shell is placed in 200 DEG C
At a temperature of kept for 2 hours, crush, cross 60 mesh sieves, be made oyster shell just powder, it is standby；
Step C, that powder at the beginning of obtained oyster shell in step B is put into immersion in the ethanol solution that volume fraction is 50% is 2 small
Shi Hou, it is evaporated, that is, the oyster shell powder is made.
Described high-yield banana implantation methods, ultrafiltration use milipore filter of the molecular cut off for 50KD.
Described high-yield banana implantation methods, enzyme deactivation are to keep 5min at 90 DEG C in temperature.
<Embodiment 2>
A kind of high-yield banana implantation methods, comprise the following steps：
S1, tissue induction：The banana scapus of selection health, which is inoculated on inducing culture, carries out tissue induction, and inoculation is rearmounted
Callus is obtained after 28d is cultivated under conditions of temperature is 26 DEG C, intensity of illumination 1200lx, light application time are 13h/d；
S2, Multiplying culture：The callus obtained in S1 is placed in proliferated culture medium and cultivated, cultural method is first
Full light culture 5 days under the conditions of being 26 DEG C in temperature, be subsequently placed in temperature be 26 DEG C, light application time 11h/d, intensity of illumination is
23d is cultivated under conditions of 2300lx；Wherein, the proliferated culture medium includes following raw material：MS, 0.9g/mL BA, 0.15g/mL
NAA, 12g/L sucrose, 7g/L banana extract solution, 0.3g/L lysozyme, 2g/L plant extraction liquid；Wherein, it is described
The preparation of banana extract solution comprises the following steps：
(1) take ripe banana, peeling, section, soaked with the hydrochloric acid solution that pH is 4.0, then with 95 DEG C of hot water blanchings, it is cold
But, water is added to be beaten, slurries are standby；Slurries are placed in power to handle 8min in 600W microwave treaters, obtain the first slurries；
(2) pectase, pepsin are added into the first slurries, be placed in temperature be 43 DEG C, it is anti-under the conditions of pH is 2..3
80min is answered, obtains the second slurries；It is 8.6 that the second slurries are adjusted into pH with sodium hydroxide, pancreatin is added, after stirring evenly, in 45 DEG C
Under the conditions of react 45min, enzyme deactivation, adjust pH to 6.5, carry out separation of solid and liquid, collect filtrate, filtrate is carried out with DEAE chromatographic columns
Absorption, ultrafiltration is carried out with filter membrane with the elution of 20mmol/L phosphate buffers phosphate buffer, eluent, collects filter liquor,
Produce banana extract liquid；
The preparation method of the plant extraction liquid includes：
By parts by weight be 15 parts flaccid knotweed herb, 8 parts of ganoderma lucidum, 1.5 parts of kuh-seng, 1.5 parts of cactus, 9 parts of wrinkled giant hyssop,
8 parts of Lindley Butterflybush Herb is ground, and the ethanol water for being successively 75%, 65% with the volume fraction that parts by weight are 25 parts is in temperature
For 80 DEG C of extraction 18h, merge extract solution twice, obtain plant extraction liquid；
S3, differentiation culture：Callus after Multiplying culture in S2 is placed in differential medium and carries out Fiber differentiation, is trained
The method of supporting be prior to temperature be 26 DEG C under the conditions of full light culture 5 days, be subsequently placed in temperature be 26 DEG C, light application time 11h/d, light
The seedling that culture is taken root to formation under conditions of being 2300lx according to intensity；
S4, seedling replanting：After seedling is grown to stalwartness in transplanting to greenhouse, and carry out water and fertilizer management；To soil before transplanting
Depth of soil digging up to 28cm is carried out, then applies composite fertilizer's 45kg/ mus, bio-fertilizer 15kg/ mus；The bio-fertilizer include with
Lower parts by weight of component：It is 65 parts of peanut press pulp, 45 parts of dregs of beans, 15 parts of powder of straw, 8 parts of pomace, 8 parts of bone meal, modified 8 parts of chestnut shell, male
3 parts of oyster shells, 0.08 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.15 part of aspergillus oryzae, 0.15 part of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 4 parts of calcium superphosphate, 8 parts of urea,
15 parts of chicken manure；The preparation of the modified shuck comprises the following steps：
Step 1: the chestnut shell that parts by weight are 125 parts is cleaned, crushed, the vinegar that parts by weight are 2 parts is then sequentially added
Acid, 15 parts sulfuric acid, 30 parts of deionized waters, in temperature be 95 DEG C at heat 90min, cool down, filtering, then chestnut shell wash to
Neutrality, it is dried for standby；
Step 2: into step 1 dry after chestnut shell in add parts by weight be 15 parts ethylenediamine, 0.8 part of carbonic acid
In sodium and 15 parts of deionized water, 120min is stirred at 70 DEG C, is cooled down, filtering, washs to neutrality, drying grinding and is modified
Chestnut shell；
Described high-yield banana implantation methods, the preparation method of bio-fertilizer comprise the following steps：
A, it is 15 parts of chicken manure, 65 parts of peanut press pulp, 45 parts of dregs of beans, 15 parts of powder of straw, 8 parts of fruit by parts by weight
Slag, 8 parts of bone meal, 8 parts of modification chestnut shell, 3 parts of oyster shell powder stir and evenly mix, and it is 0.08 part withered then to add parts by weight
Careless bacillus, 0.15 part of aspergillus oryzae, 0.15 part of saccharomyces cerevisiae, it is well mixed, regulation water content is 45%, pH value is
5.5th, temperature is 26 DEG C of progress aerobic fermentations；
B, after fermentation 2 days, material is subjected to first time turning, and adds the calcium superphosphate that parts by weight are 4 parts, continues to send out
Ferment, second of turning is carried out after fermenting 4 days, while add the urea that parts by weight are 8 parts, continue fermentation 18 days, and every 5 days
Turning once, completes fermentation；
C, the fermentate that will be completed in b, filter residue is filtrated to get, the feeding bulking machine granulation of obtained filter residue is expanded, granulation
When temperature be 95 DEG C, it is that 25min is dried in 115 DEG C of driers to be sent into temperature afterwards, is granulated finally by comminutor and produces life
Thing fertilizer.
Described high-yield banana implantation methods, inducing culture include following component：MS, 4.0mg/L BA, 0.1mg/L
NAA, 0.3g/L PVP.
Described high-yield banana implantation methods, differential medium include following component：MS, 0.3mg/L IBA, 0.3g/L
PVP.
Described high-yield banana implantation methods, the preparation method of oyster shell powder comprise the following steps：
Step A, oyster shell is put into the watery hydrochloric acid that mass fraction is 11% and soaked 18 hours, taken out, cleaned, dry,
It is put into after being soaked 18 hours in the sodium hydroxide solution that the mass fraction that temperature is 40 DEG C is 8%, takes out, is rinsed with clear water dry
Only, dry, it is standby；
Step B, after being irradiated 2.5 hours to the oyster shell handled in step A using infrared ray, oyster shell is placed in 250
Kept for 2.5 hours, crushed at a temperature of DEG C, cross 70 mesh sieves, oyster shell just powder is made, it is standby；
Step C, powder at the beginning of obtained oyster shell in step B is put into the ethanol solution that volume fraction is 55% and soaks 2.5
After hour, it is evaporated, that is, the oyster shell powder is made.
Described high-yield banana implantation methods, ultrafiltration use milipore filter of the molecular cut off for 80KD.
Described high-yield banana implantation methods, enzyme deactivation are to keep 8min at 95 DEG C in temperature.
<Embodiment 3>
A kind of high-yield banana implantation methods, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1, tissue induction：The banana scapus of selection health, which is inoculated on inducing culture, carries out tissue induction, and inoculation is rearmounted
Callus is obtained after 30d is cultivated under conditions of temperature is 28 DEG C, intensity of illumination 1500lx, light application time are 15h/d；
S2, Multiplying culture：The callus obtained in S1 is placed in proliferated culture medium and cultivated, cultural method is first
Full light culture 7 days under the conditions of being 28 DEG C in temperature, be subsequently placed in temperature be 28 DEG C, light application time 12h/d, intensity of illumination is
25d is cultivated under conditions of 2500lx；Wherein, the proliferated culture medium includes following raw material：MS, 1.0g/mL BA, 0.2g/mL
NAA, 15g/L sucrose, 10g/L banana extract solution, 0.5g/L lysozyme, 3g/L plant extraction liquid；Wherein, it is described
The preparation of banana extract solution comprises the following steps：
(1) take ripe banana, peeling, section, soaked with the hydrochloric acid solution that pH is 4.5, then with 100 DEG C of hot water blanchings, it is cold
But, water is added to be beaten, slurries are standby；Slurries are placed in power to handle 10min in 400~800W microwave treaters, obtain first
Slurries；
(2) pectase, pepsin are added into the first slurries, is placed in that temperature is 45 DEG C, pH reacts under the conditions of being 2.5
100min, obtain the second slurries；It is 9.0 that the second slurries are adjusted into pH with sodium hydroxide, pancreatin is added, after stirring evenly, in 50 DEG C
Under the conditions of react 60min, enzyme deactivation, adjust pH to 7.0, carry out separation of solid and liquid, collect filtrate, filtrate is carried out with DEAE chromatographic columns
Absorption, ultrafiltration is carried out with filter membrane with the elution of 30mmol/L phosphate buffers phosphate buffer, eluent, collects filter liquor,
Produce banana extract liquid；
The preparation method of the plant extraction liquid includes：
It is 20 parts of flaccid knotweed herb, 10 parts of ganoderma lucidum, 2 parts of kuh-seng, 2 parts of cactus, 10 parts of wrinkled giant hyssop, 10 by parts by weight
The Lindley Butterflybush Herb of part is ground, and the ethanol water for being successively 80%, 70% with the volume fraction that parts by weight are 30 parts is in temperature
For 90 DEG C of extraction 24h, merge extract solution twice, obtain plant extraction liquid；
S3, differentiation culture：Callus after Multiplying culture in S2 is placed in differential medium and carries out Fiber differentiation, is trained
The method of supporting be prior to temperature be 28 DEG C under the conditions of full light culture 7 days, be subsequently placed in temperature be 28 DEG C, light application time 12h/d, light
The seedling that culture is taken root to formation under conditions of being 2500lx according to intensity；
S4, seedling replanting：After seedling is grown to stalwartness in transplanting to greenhouse, and carry out water and fertilizer management；To soil before transplanting
Depth of soil digging up to 30cm is carried out, then applies composite fertilizer's 50kg/ mus, bio-fertilizer 20kg/ mus；The bio-fertilizer include with
Lower parts by weight of component：80 parts of peanut press pulp, 60 parts of dregs of beans, 20 parts of powder of straw, 10 parts of pomace, 10 parts of bone meal, modified 10 parts of chestnut shell,
5 parts of oyster shell powder, 0.1 part of bacillus subtilis, 0.2 part of aspergillus oryzae, 0.2 part of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 6 parts of calcium superphosphate, 10 parts of urea,
20 parts of chicken manure；The preparation of the modified shuck comprises the following steps：
Step 1: the chestnut shell that parts by weight are 150 parts is cleaned, crushed, the vinegar that parts by weight are 3 parts is then sequentially added
Acid, 20 parts of sulfuric acid, 40 parts of deionized waters, it is to heat 120min at 100 DEG C in temperature, cools down, filtering, then chestnut shell washs
To neutrality, it is dried for standby；
Step 2: into step 1 dry after chestnut shell in add parts by weight be 20 parts ethylenediamine, 1 part of sodium carbonate
In 10~20 parts of deionized water, 150min is stirred at 80 DEG C, is cooled down, filtering, washs to neutrality, drying grinding and is changed
Property chestnut shell；
Described high-yield banana implantation methods, the preparation method of bio-fertilizer comprise the following steps：
A, it is 20 parts of chicken manure, 80 parts of peanut press pulp, 60 parts of dregs of beans, 20 parts of powder of straw, 10 parts of fruit by parts by weight
Slag, 10 parts of bone meal, 10 parts of modification chestnut shell, 5 parts of oyster shell powder stir and evenly mix, and it is 0.1 part then to add parts by weight
Bacillus subtilis, 0.2 part of aspergillus oryzae, 0.2 part of saccharomyces cerevisiae, it is well mixed, regulation water content is 50%, pH value is
6.5th, temperature is 28 DEG C of progress aerobic fermentations；
B, after fermentation 2 days, material is subjected to first time turning, and adds the calcium superphosphate that parts by weight are 6 parts, continues to send out
Ferment, second of turning is carried out after fermenting 4 days, while add the urea that parts by weight are 10 parts, continue fermentation 20 days, and every 6
Its turning once, completes fermentation；
C, the fermentate that will be completed in b, filter residue is filtrated to get, the feeding bulking machine granulation of obtained filter residue is expanded, granulation
When temperature be 100 DEG C, it is that 30min is dried in 120 DEG C of driers to be sent into temperature afterwards, is granulated finally by comminutor and produces life
Thing fertilizer.
Described high-yield banana implantation methods, inducing culture include following component：MS, 5.0mg/L BA, 0.2mg/L
NAA, 0.5g/L PVP.
Described high-yield banana implantation methods, differential medium include following component：MS, 0.5mg/L IBA, 0.5g/L
PVP.
Described high-yield banana implantation methods, the preparation method of oyster shell powder comprise the following steps：
Step A, oyster shell is put into the watery hydrochloric acid that mass fraction is 12% and soaked 24 hours, taken out, cleaned, dry,
It is put into after being soaked 24 hours in the sodium hydroxide solution that the mass fraction that temperature is 45 DEG C is 8%, takes out, is rinsed with clear water dry
Only, dry, it is standby；
Step B, after being irradiated 3 hours to the oyster shell handled in step A using infrared ray, oyster shell is placed in 300 DEG C
At a temperature of kept for 3 hours, crush, cross 80 mesh sieves, be made oyster shell just powder, it is standby；
Step C, that powder at the beginning of obtained oyster shell in step B is put into immersion in the ethanol solution that volume fraction is 60% is 3 small
Shi Hou, it is evaporated, that is, the oyster shell powder is made.
Described high-yield banana implantation methods, ultrafiltration use milipore filter of the molecular cut off for 100KD.
Described high-yield banana implantation methods, it is characterised in that enzyme deactivation is to keep 10min at 100 DEG C in temperature.
<Comparative example 1>
With embodiment 1, difference is that proliferated culture medium is conventional medium, the banana extract solution without the present invention,
Plant extraction liquid, while common fertilizer is applied to soil in transplanting, do not apply the bio-fertilizer of the present invention, by the method plantation
Banana as a comparison case 1, pass through the survival rate to banana, then average yield per mu banana and three annual per mu yield bananas with implementing
Example 1~3 is contrasted, and draws following data：
Influence of the 1 each embodiment of table to the survival rate and yield of banana
| Comparative example 1 | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | |
| Survival rate (%) | 76.2 | 91.8 | 92.3 | 93.1 |
| Average yield per mu banana (kg) then | 1280.3 | 1788.4 | 1811.6 | 1831.8 |
| Three annual per mu yield bananas (kg) | 1283.4 | 1791.7 | 1819.2 | 1828.7 |
As can be seen from Table 1, the banana planted by the present invention, survival rate is 91%~93% after field planting, more than conventional art
76.2%；Then more than average yield per mu banana 1788kg, higher than the 1280kg of conventional art；Three annual per mu yield bananas 1791
~1828kg, higher than the 1283kg of conventional art.Therefore, the banana survival rate height planted, then average yield per mu banana of the invention
More, three annual per mu yield bananas height, significantly improve the economic benefit of plantation banana.
<Sensory evaluation is tested>
The evaluation method of banana sense organ：With the banana of the embodiment of the present invention 1~3, the banana of comparative example 1, maturation harvesting, put
After putting 48h, as evaluation object, the evaluation of the mouthfeel of banana is divided into 5 grades, estimator is commented it according to the hobby of oneself
Valency, 5 points are most preferably chosen as, evaluation criterion is shown in Table 2.Evaluation to result is mainly carried out according to the people of different occupation or different age group
Subjective appreciation.Ripe banana to be evaluated is distributed into estimator respectively, it evaluated by estimator, participates in pricer
Number is 20 people, the results are shown in Table 3.
The banana sensory evaluation standard of table 2
| Fraction | Sensory evaluation scores standard |
| 5 points | Color is bright orange, immaculate, aromatic flavour |
| 4 points | Color Huang, immaculate, aromatic flavour |
| 3 points | Color is yellow, basic immaculate, fragrance are larger |
| 2 points | Color is dark yellow, spot is few, fragrance is smaller |
| 1 point | Color is dark yellow, blurring, British plain spirits |
The banana sensory evaluation of table 3
| 5 points | 4 points | 3 points | 2 points | 1 point | Average mark | |
| Embodiment 1 | 8 people | 8 people | 2 people | 1 people | 1 people | 4.05 point |
| Embodiment 2 | 8 people | 9 people | 1 people | 1 people | 1 people | 4.1 point |
| Embodiment 3 | 9 people | 8 people | 3 people | 1 people | 0 people | 4.35 point |
| Comparative example 1 | 4 people | 4 people | 7 people | 3 people | 2 people | 3.25 point |
From table 3 it can be seen that, the sensory evaluation scores of the banana of embodiment 1~3 apparently higher than comparative example 1 banana, thus
It can be seen that the banana that the present invention plants, color Huang, immaculate, aromatic flavour, quality are planted better than comparative example 1 using conventional method
Banana.
Although embodiment of the present invention is disclosed as above, it is not restricted in specification and embodiment listed
With it can be applied to various suitable the field of the invention completely, can be easily for those skilled in the art
Other modification is realized, therefore under the universal limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, it is of the invention and unlimited
In specific details and shown here as the embodiment with description.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of high-yield banana implantation methods, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
S1, tissue induction：The banana scapus of selection health, which is inoculated on inducing culture, carries out tissue induction, and temperature is placed in after inoculation
After 25~30d being cultivated under conditions of it is 1000~1500lx to spend for 25~28 DEG C, intensity of illumination, light application time is 12~15h/d
Obtain callus；
S2, Multiplying culture：The callus obtained in S1 is placed in proliferated culture medium and cultivated, cultural method is prior to temperature
Spend for full light culture 3~7 days under the conditions of 25~28 DEG C, be subsequently placed in temperature be 25~28 DEG C, light application time be 10~12h/d,
Intensity of illumination cultivates 20~25d under conditions of being 2000~2500lx；Wherein, the proliferated culture medium includes following raw material：MS、
0.8~1.0g/mL BA, 0.1~0.2g/mL NAA, 10~15g/L sucrose, 5~10g/L banana extract solution, 0.2~
0.5g/L lysozyme, 1~3g/L plant extraction liquid；Wherein, the preparation of the banana extract solution comprises the following steps：
(1) take ripe banana, peeling, section, soaked with the hydrochloric acid solution that pH is 3.0~4.5, then with 90~100 DEG C of hot water thermals
Scald, cooling, add water to be beaten, slurries are standby；Slurries are placed in power to handle 5~10min in 400~800W microwave treaters,
Obtain the first slurries；
(2) into the first slurries add pectase, pepsin, be placed in temperature be 42~45 DEG C, pH be 2.0~2.5 conditions
60~100min of lower reaction, obtains the second slurries；It is 8.5~9.0 that the second slurries are adjusted into pH with sodium hydroxide, adds pancreatin,
After stirring evenly, 30~60min is reacted under conditions of 40~50 DEG C, enzyme deactivation, adjusts pH to 6.0~7.0, carries out separation of solid and liquid, is received
Collect filtrate, filtrate is adsorbed with DEAE chromatographic columns, eluted with 10~30mmol/L phosphate buffers phosphate buffer,
Eluent carries out ultrafiltration with filter membrane, collects filter liquor, produces banana extract liquid；
The preparation method of the plant extraction liquid includes：
By parts by weight be 10~20 parts flaccid knotweed herb, 5~10 parts of ganoderma lucidum, 1~2 part of kuh-seng, 1~2 part of cactus, 8~
10 parts of wrinkled giant hyssop, 5~10 parts of Lindley Butterflybush Herb are ground, successively with the volume fraction that parts by weight are 20~30 parts be 70~
80%th, 60~70% ethanol water is 60~90 DEG C of 12~24h of extraction in temperature, merges extract solution twice, obtains plant
Extract solution；
S3, differentiation culture：Callus after Multiplying culture in S2 is placed in differential medium and carries out Fiber differentiation, culture side
Method be prior to temperature be 25~28 DEG C under the conditions of full light culture 3~7 days, be subsequently placed in temperature be 25~28 DEG C, light application time be
10~12h/d, the seedling that culture is taken root to formation under conditions of intensity of illumination is 2000~2500lx；
S4, seedling replanting：After seedling is grown to stalwartness in transplanting to greenhouse, and carry out water and fertilizer management；Soil is carried out before transplanting
Depth of soil is digged up to 25~30cm's, then applies composite fertilizer's 40~50kg/ mus, bio-fertilizer 10~20kg/ mus；The biology
Fertilizer includes following parts by weight of component：50~80 parts of peanut press pulp, 30~60 parts of dregs of beans, 10~20 parts of powder of straw, 5~10 parts of pomace,
5~10 parts of bone meal, modified 5~10 parts of chestnut shell, 1~5 part of oyster shell powder, 0.05~0.1 part of bacillus subtilis, aspergillus oryzae
0.1~0.2 part, 0.1~0.2 part of saccharomyces cerevisiae, 2~6 parts of calcium superphosphate, 5~10 parts of urea, 10~20 parts of chicken manure；It is described to change
The preparation of property shuck comprises the following steps：
Step 1: the chestnut shell that parts by weight are 100~150 parts is cleaned, crushed, it is 1~3 part then to sequentially add parts by weight
Acetic acid, 10~20 parts of sulfuric acid, 20~40 parts of deionized waters, it is that 60~120min is heated at 90~100 DEG C in temperature, cooling,
Filtering, then chestnut shell is washed to neutrality, is dried for standby；
Step 2: add the ethylenediamine, 0.5~1 part that parts by weight are 10~20 parts in chestnut shell after being dried into step 1
In sodium carbonate and 10~20 parts of deionized water, 100~150min is stirred at 60~80 DEG C, is cooled down, filtering, is washed into
Property, drying grinding obtains being modified chestnut shell.
2. high-yield banana implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the preparation method of bio-fertilizer includes following step
Suddenly：
A, it is 10~20 parts of chicken manure, 50~80 parts of peanut press pulp, 30~60 parts of dregs of beans, 10~20 parts of stalk by parts by weight
Powder, 5~10 parts of pomace, 5~10 parts of bone meal, 5~10 parts of modification chestnut shell, 1~5 part of oyster shell powder stir and evenly mix,
Then the bacillus subtilis, 0.1~0.2 part of aspergillus oryzae, 0.1~0.2 part of wine brewing that parts by weight are 0.05~0.1 part are added
Yeast, it is well mixed, regulation water content is 40~50%, pH value is 4.5~6.5, temperature is 25~28 DEG C of progress aerobic fermentations；
B, after fermentation 2 days, material is subjected to first time turning, and adds the calcium superphosphate that parts by weight are 2~6 parts, continues to send out
Ferment, second of turning is carried out after fermenting 4 days, while adds the urea that parts by weight are 5~10 parts, continue fermentation 15~20 days,
And every turning in 4~6 days once, complete fermentation；
C, the fermentate that will be completed in b, filter residue is filtrated to get, obtained filter residue is sent into bulking machine granulation is expanded, during granulation
Temperature is 90~100 DEG C, and it is that 20~30min is dried in 110~120 DEG C of driers to be sent into temperature afterwards, finally by comminutor
It is granulated and produces bio-fertilizer.
3. high-yield banana implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that inducing culture includes following component：MS、
3.0~5.0mg/L BA, 0.05~0.2mg/L NAA, 0.1~0.5g/L PVP.
4. high-yield banana implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that differential medium includes following component：MS、
0.01~0.5mg/L IBA, 0.1~0.5g/L PVP.
5. high-yield banana implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the preparation method of oyster shell powder includes following
Step：
Step A, oyster shell is put into the watery hydrochloric acid that mass fraction is 10~12% and soaked 12~24 hours, taken out, cleaned, dry in the air
It is dry, it is put into after being soaked 12~24 hours in the sodium hydroxide solution that the mass fraction that temperature is 35~45 DEG C is 8%, takes out, uses
Clear water is rinsed well, is dried, standby；
Step B, after being irradiated 2~3 hours to the oyster shell that has been handled in step A using infrared ray, oyster shell is placed in 200~
Kept for 2~3 hours, crushed at a temperature of 300 DEG C, cross 60~80 mesh sieves, oyster shell just powder is made, it is standby；
Step C, powder at the beginning of obtained oyster shell in step B is put into the ethanol solution that volume fraction is 50~60% and soaks 2-3
After hour, it is evaporated, that is, the oyster shell powder is made.
6. high-yield banana implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that ultrafiltration use molecular cut off for 50~
100KD milipore filter.
7. high-yield banana implantation methods as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that enzyme deactivation is to be protected at 90~100 DEG C in temperature
Hold 5~10min.
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