CN107365615A - A kind of preparation method of biological particles charcoal - Google Patents
A kind of preparation method of biological particles charcoal Download PDFInfo
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- CN107365615A CN107365615A CN201710727760.6A CN201710727760A CN107365615A CN 107365615 A CN107365615 A CN 107365615A CN 201710727760 A CN201710727760 A CN 201710727760A CN 107365615 A CN107365615 A CN 107365615A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
- C10L5/442—Wood or forestry waste
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
- C10L10/04—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for minimising corrosion or incrustation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
- C10L5/445—Agricultural waste, e.g. corn crops, grass clippings, nut shells or oil pressing residues
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
- C10L9/08—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by heat treatments, e.g. calcining
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
- C10L9/10—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by using additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
- C10L2200/02—Inorganic or organic compounds containing atoms other than C, H or O, e.g. organic compounds containing heteroatoms or metal organic complexes
- C10L2200/029—Salts, such as carbonates, oxides, hydroxides, percompounds, e.g. peroxides, perborates, nitrates, nitrites, sulfates, and silicates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
- C10L2200/04—Organic compounds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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Abstract
The present invention relates to biomass fuel technical field, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of high heating value, the preparation method of low fluxing power biological particles charcoal.Used technical scheme is：A kind of preparation method of biological particles charcoal, comprises the following steps：Pretreatment of raw material, extrusion forming, carbonization refining；The carbonization refining refers to heat, make biological particles be carbonized the biological particles of extrusion forming completely cutting off under conditions of air, and excludes the impurity such as the sulfide in biological particles；The raw material of the biological particles charcoal includes by weight：20~30 parts of agricultural crop straw, 10~20 parts of bagasse, 30~40 parts of bamboo scraps, 80~90 parts of wood chip, 4~5 parts of incendiary agent of rush, 3~4 parts of resistive connection slag agent.Biological particles charcoal calorific value produced by the present invention is high, fluxing power is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to biomass fuel technical field, and in particular to a kind of preparation method of biological particles charcoal.
Background technology
The too busy to get away energy of economic fast development, and the problem day in short supply of traditional fossil energy oil, natural gas and coal
It is beneficial serious.Biomass energy is as the fourth-largest energy, the features such as so that its is renewable, zero carbon emission, turns into development potentiality in new energy
A kind of larger energy.The bamboo scraps that are generally discarded in process, wood chip, bagasse etc. can all be used as biological particles to fire
The raw material of material, by further compacting, as efficient carbon source.
But due to the intrinsic alkali metal content of biological material it is high the features such as, current biomass granule fuel
In the presence of burning fluxing power it is high the defects of, this not only greatly reduces efficiency of combustion, but also combustion apparatus can be produced serious rotten
Erosion, reduces the performance and used life of combustion apparatus, is unfavorable for the popularization and utilization of biomass granule fuel.
In addition, existing biomass granule fuel uses stalk as main component, cause the biomass produced
There is the shortcomings of calorific value is low, burning time is short in grain fuel, it is difficult to meet the needs of existing market；And the biology for using wood chip to produce
Although matter granular fuel calorific value is high, its exothermic temperature is often higher than the biological particles combustion using stalk as main component
Material, causes it to be not easy to light, and incomplete combustion, it is impossible to the advantages of playing its high heating value completely.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the preparation method of a kind of high heating value, low fluxing power biological particles charcoal.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of preparation method of biological particles charcoal, comprises the following steps：Pretreatment of raw material, extrusion forming, carbonization refining；
The carbonization refining refers to heat, make biological particles carbon the biological particles of extrusion forming completely cutting off under conditions of air
Change, and exclude the impurity such as the sulfide in biological particles；The raw material of the biological particles charcoal includes by weight：Crops
20~30 parts of stalk, 10~20 parts of bagasse, 30~40 parts of bamboo scraps, 80~90 parts of wood chip, 4~5 parts of incendiary agent of rush, resistive connection slag agent
3~4 parts.
Preferably, it is described to promote the mixture that incendiary agent is ammonium hydrogen carbonate, calper calcium peroxide, sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate, the carbon
Sour hydrogen ammonium, calper calcium peroxide, the mass ratio of sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate are 1:1:1:1；The resistive connection slag agent is dolomite dust, three oxidations
The mixture of two aluminium, calcium oxide and magnesia, the dolomite dust, alundum (Al2O3), the mass ratio of calcium oxide and magnesia are
6:5:3:1。
Preferably, the pretreatment of raw material is to put into the agricultural crop straw of formula ratio, bagasse, bamboo scraps, wood chip
Crushed in grain pulverizer, and with 60 mesh sieves, will then be done in the raw material input air flow drying device after sieving
It is dry, obtain standby material of the moisture content 25~30%；The extrusion forming is rush incendiary agent by standby material and formula ratio and anti-
Put into former and extruded after slagging agent is well mixed, produce biological particles of different shapes as needed；Institute
It is during the roller-way of biological particles input oxygen-free seal made from extrusion forming step is stored, by biological particles to state carbonization refining
It is heated to more than 200 DEG C, preheats 10 minutes；Then biological particles are heated to 300~400 DEG C, biological particles is carbonized,
And the exhaust opening for making the impurity such as moisture and the sulfide in biological particles be stored by roller-way is discharged, carbonisation continues 2 hours；
Then by biological particles be heated to 500 DEG C, the biological particles to carbonization further refined, lift its hardness and tough
Property, refining continues 0.5 hour；Finally make the biological particles of carbonization temperature be uniformly reduced in 90 minutes 200 DEG C and after
It is continuous to naturally cool to 100 DEG C, then come out of the stove and put into closed furnace, normal temperature is naturally cooled under oxygen-free environment, you can be made
Biological particles charcoal.
Preferably, the raw material of the biological particles charcoal also includes by weight：1~2 part of lubricant, antichlor 2~3
Part, 2~3 parts of desulfurizing agent, 5~10 parts of binding agent, 1~2 part of biomass polyester slurry.
Preferably, the lubricant is the waste vegetable oil of recovery.
Preferably, the preparation method of the antichlor is as follows：By 1mmol2- dimethyl succinic acids, 1mmol1,3- bis- (pyridine-
3- ylmethoxies) benzene and 2mmol aluminum nitrate is dissolved among 120ml ethanol and the mixed solvent of 55ml dimethyl acetamides,
Stirring forms mixed liquor A at room temperature, is adjusted the pH value of mixed liquor A to 7.5, then by above-mentioned mixed liquor A 65 with inorganic base
The 11h that flowed back at DEG C obtains mixed liquid B, and then the mixed liquid B is placed in 300ml hydrothermal reaction kettles in 130 DEG C of bars of solvent heat
Heating response is down to room temperature with 5 DEG C/h after 20 hours and antichlor is made under part.
Preferably, the preparation method of the desulfurizing agent is as follows：By 1mmol4,4 '-methylene two-(oxo) dibenzoic acid,
1mmol4,4- bipyridyl and 1mmol manganese acetates are dissolved in the mixed solution of 60ml ethanol and 120ml dimethylformamides, in room
The lower stirring of temperature forms mixed liquor C, is adjusted mixed liquor C pH value to 7.5 with inorganic base, then by above-mentioned mixed liquor C at 25 DEG C
Lower standing obtains mixed liquor D in one week, and the mixed liquor D then is placed in into 300ml hydrothermal reaction kettles under the conditions of 165 DEG C of solvent heat
Heating response is down to room temperature with 5 DEG C/h after 45 hours and desulfurizing agent is made.
Preferably, the preparation method of the binding agent is as follows：Concentration be 20% sulfuric acid solution in and wooden processing
Waste liquid pH value obtains the suspension containing lignin particles to 3~5；Into suspension, addition flocculant makes wooden in suspension
Crude granule coagulative precipitation；Precipitation is dried, crushed, sieve after be made binding agent；The flocculant is with cross-linked network
The modified starch or 5- hydroxymethylfurfurals of loose structure；The wooden processing-waste is cassava processing-waste and eucalyptus pulping waste liquor
At least one of.
Preferably, the preparation method of the biomass polyester slurry is as follows：3.6g malic acid and 1.7g glycerine are added
25mL absolute ethyl alcohols are with 0.7mL20% sulfuric acid mixture liquids, dissolving by heating；Naturally cool to room temperature and can be prepared by standby biology
Matter polyester pulp.
Preferably, the pretreatment of raw material be the agricultural crop straw of formula ratio, bagasse, bamboo scraps, wood chip are placed in 3~
Boiling drains after 1~2 hour in 5% citric acid solution, then puts into granular mill and is crushed, and with 60 mesh sieves
Sieving, will be then dried in the raw material input air flow drying device after sieving, obtain moisture content 25~30% it is standby
Material；The extrusion forming is by the rush incendiary agent of standby material and formula ratio, the agent of resistive connection slag, lubricant, antichlor, desulfurizing agent and glued
Put into former and extruded after knot agent is well mixed, produce biological particles of different shapes as needed, and will
Biological particles are well mixed with the biomass polyester slurry of formula ratio；The carbonization refining is by made from extrusion forming step
In the roller-way cellar for storing things of biological particles input oxygen-free seal, biological particles are heated to more than 200 DEG C, preheated 10 minutes；Then
Biological particles are heated to 300~400 DEG C, biological particles is carbonized, and make the moisture and sulfide in biological particles
The exhaust opening stored Deng impurity by roller-way is discharged, and carbonisation continues 2 hours；Then by biological particles be heated to 500 DEG C, it is right
The biological particles of carbonization are further refined, and lift its hardness and toughness, and refining continues 0.5 hour；Finally make carbonization
The temperature of biological particles 200 DEG C were uniformly reduced in 90 minutes and continues to naturally cool to 100 DEG C, then come out of the stove simultaneously
Put into closed furnace, normal temperature is naturally cooled under oxygen-free environment, you can biological particles charcoal is made.
Beneficial effects of the present invention embody a concentrated reflection of, a kind of preparation method of biological particles charcoal of the present invention, right
The biological particles of extrusion forming have carried out carbonization refining, biological particles is carbonized, and eliminate the water in biological particles
Grade impurity；Its hardness is so not only set to be improved, the not cracky, and biological particles can be made in transportation
Burning more thoroughly, efficiency of combustion is higher, caused ash content is less, fluxing power is lower, it is miscellaneous that the present invention also removes sulfide etc.
Matter, pollution on the environment is reduced, and can play a part of protecting combustion apparatus, avoid combustion apparatus from being corroded.In addition,
Contain a high proportion of wood chip in the raw material that the present invention uses, the combustion heat value of biological particles charcoal can be greatly improved；Meanwhile this
Invention with the addition of again promotees incendiary agent and resistive connection slag agent, can greatly improve efficiency of combustion, make burning more thorough, given play to completely with
The high heating value advantage for the biological particles charcoal that wood chip produces as main material.
Embodiment
The present invention is expanded on further with reference to embodiment.
Rush incendiary agent and the agent of resistive connection slag described below is made by the following method：By ammonium hydrogen carbonate, calper calcium peroxide, nitre
Sour sodium and potassium nitrate in mass ratio 1:1:1:1 is well mixed, you can standby rush incendiary agent is made.By dolomite dust, three oxidations
Two aluminium, calcium oxide and magnesia in mass ratio 6:5:3:1 is well mixed, you can standby resistive connection slag agent is made.
Further, lubricant described below is the discarded peanut oil of recovery.
Further, antichlor described below is made by the following method：By 1mmol2- dimethyl succinic acids,
(pyridin-3-yl methoxyl group) benzene of 1mmol1,3- bis- and 2mmol aluminum nitrate are dissolved in 120ml ethanol and 55ml dimethyl acetamides
Mixed solvent among, be stirred at room temperature to form mixed liquor A, adjusted the pH value of mixed liquor A to 7.5 with inorganic base, then
11h that above-mentioned mixed liquor A is flowed back at 65 DEG C obtains mixed liquid B, and the mixed liquid B then is placed in into 300ml hydrothermal reaction kettles
In under the conditions of 130 DEG C of the solvent heat heating response after 20 hours with 5 DEG C/h of antichlors be down to room temperature and be made standby.
Further, desulfurizing agent described below is made by the following method：By 1mmol4,4 '-methylene two-(oxygen
Generation) dibenzoic acid, 1mmol4,4- bipyridyls and 1mmol manganese acetates are dissolved in the mixing of 60ml ethanol and 120ml dimethylformamides
In solution, it is stirred at room temperature to form mixed liquor C, is adjusted mixed liquor C pH value to 7.5 with inorganic base, then will be above-mentioned mixed
Conjunction liquid C stands one week at 25 DEG C and obtains mixed liquor D, and the mixed liquor D then is placed in into 300ml hydrothermal reaction kettles in solvent heat
Under the conditions of 165 DEG C heating response after 45 hours with 5 DEG C/h of desulfurizing agents be down to room temperature and be made standby.
Further, binding agent described below is made by the following method：Concentration is 20% sulfuric acid solution
Eucalyptus pulping waste liquor pH value is neutralized to 4, obtains the suspension containing lignin particles；5- hydroxymethylfurfurals are added into suspension to be made
Lignin particles coagulative precipitation in suspension；Will precipitation be dried, crush, sieve after can be prepared by standby binding agent.
Further, biomass polyester slurry described below is made by the following method：By 3.6g malic acid with
1.7g glycerine adds 25mL absolute ethyl alcohols with 0.7mL20% sulfuric acid mixture liquids, dissolving by heating；Naturally cooling to room temperature can make
Obtain standby biomass polyester slurry.
Embodiment one
20 parts of soybean stalks, 10 portions of bagasse, 30 parts of bamboo scraps, 80 parts of cypress wood chips are put into granular mill and carried out
It is broken, and with 60 mesh sieves, will be then dried in the raw material input air flow drying device after sieving, obtain moisture content and exist
25% standby material；By standby material with putting into golden Chinese parasol tree K628 biomass after 4 parts promote incendiary agent and 3 parts of resistive connection slag agent are well mixed
Extrusion forming is carried out in grain machine, biological particles are made；The biological particles of extrusion forming are then put into the roller of oxygen-free seal
In road cellar for storing things, biological particles are heated to more than 200 DEG C, preheated 10 minutes；Then biological particles are heated to 300 DEG C, made
Biological particles are carbonized, and the exhaust opening for making the impurity such as moisture and the sulfide in biological particles be stored by roller-way is discharged, carbon
Change process continues 2 hours；Then biological particles are heated to 500 DEG C, the further essence of biological particles progress to carbonization
Refining, lifts its hardness and toughness, and refining continues 0.5 hour；Finally make the temperature of the biological particles of carbonization equal in 90 minutes
It is even to be reduced to 200 DEG C and continue to naturally cool to 100 DEG C, then come out of the stove and put into closed furnace, it is naturally cold under oxygen-free environment
But to normal temperature, you can biological particles charcoal is made.Obtained biological particles charcoal performance is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment two
25 parts of soybean stalks, 15 portions of bagasse, 35 parts of bamboo scraps, 85 parts of cypress wood chips are put into granular mill and carried out
It is broken, and with 60 mesh sieves, will be then dried in the raw material input air flow drying device after sieving, obtain moisture content and exist
27.5% standby material；Standby material is given birth to putting into golden Chinese parasol tree K628 after 4.5 parts promote incendiary agent and 3.5 parts of resistive connection slag agent are well mixed
Extrusion forming is carried out in material grainses machine, biological particles are made；Then it is close the biological particles of extrusion forming to be put into anaerobic
In the roller-way cellar for storing things of envelope, biological particles are heated to more than 200 DEG C, preheated 10 minutes；Then biological particles are heated to 350
DEG C, biological particles is carbonized, and the exhaust opening for making the impurity such as moisture and the sulfide in biological particles store by roller-way is arranged
Go out, carbonisation continues 2 hours；Then by biological particles be heated to 500 DEG C, the biological particles of carbonization are carried out it is further
Refining, lift its hardness and toughness, refining continues 0.5 hour；Finally make the temperature of the biological particles of carbonization at 90 minutes
It is interior to be uniformly reduced to 200 DEG C and continue to naturally cool to 100 DEG C, then come out of the stove and put into closed furnace, under oxygen-free environment certainly
So it is cooled to normal temperature, you can biological particles charcoal is made.Obtained biological particles charcoal performance is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment three
30 parts of soybean stalks, 20 portions of bagasse, 40 parts of bamboo scraps, 90 parts of cypress wood chips are put into granular mill and carried out
It is broken, and with 60 mesh sieves, will be then dried in the raw material input air flow drying device after sieving, obtain moisture content and exist
30% standby material；By standby material with putting into golden Chinese parasol tree K628 biomass after 5 parts promote incendiary agent and 4 parts of resistive connection slag agent are well mixed
Extrusion forming is carried out in grain machine, biological particles are made；The biological particles of extrusion forming are then put into the roller of oxygen-free seal
In road cellar for storing things, biological particles are heated to more than 200 DEG C, preheated 10 minutes；Then biological particles are heated to 400 DEG C, made
Biological particles are carbonized, and the exhaust opening for making the impurity such as moisture and the sulfide in biological particles be stored by roller-way is discharged, carbon
Change process continues 2 hours；Then biological particles are heated to 500 DEG C, the further essence of biological particles progress to carbonization
Refining, lifts its hardness and toughness, and refining continues 0.5 hour；Finally make the temperature of the biological particles of carbonization equal in 90 minutes
It is even to be reduced to 200 DEG C and continue to naturally cool to 100 DEG C, then come out of the stove and put into closed furnace, it is naturally cold under oxygen-free environment
But to normal temperature, you can biological particles charcoal is made.Obtained biological particles charcoal performance is as shown in table 1.
Example IV
20 parts of soybean stalks, 10 portions of bagasse, 30 parts of bamboo scraps, 80 parts of cypress wood chips are placed in 3% citric acid solution
Boiling drains after 1 hour, then puts into granular mill and is crushed, and with 60 mesh sieves, then by after sieving
It is dried in raw material input air flow drying device, obtains standby material of the moisture content 25%；Standby material and 4 parts are promoted to burn
Agent, 3 parts of resistive connection slag agent, 1 part of lubricant, 2 parts of antichlors, 2 parts of desulfurizing agents and 5 parts of binding agents put into golden Chinese parasol tree K628 after being well mixed
Extrusion forming is carried out in biomass granulation machine, biological particles are made, and biological particles and 1 part of biomass polyester slurry are mixed
Close uniform；Then the biological particles of extrusion forming are put into the roller-way cellar for storing things of oxygen-free seal, biological particles is heated to 200
More than DEG C, preheat 10 minutes；Then biological particles are heated to 300 DEG C, biological particles is carbonized, and make biological particles
In the exhaust opening stored by roller-way of moisture and the impurity such as sulfide discharge, carbonisation continues 2 hours；Then by biomass
Grain be heated to 500 DEG C, the biological particles to carbonization further refined, lift its hardness and toughness, refine and continue 0.5
Hour；The temperature of the biological particles of carbonization is finally set uniformly to be reduced to 200 DEG C in 90 minutes and continue to naturally cool to
100 DEG C, then come out of the stove and put into closed furnace, normal temperature is naturally cooled under oxygen-free environment, you can biological particles charcoal is made.
Obtained biological particles charcoal performance is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment five
25 parts of soybean stalks, 15 portions of bagasse, 35 parts of bamboo scraps, 85 parts of cypress wood chips are placed in 4% citric acid solution
Boiling drains after 1.5 hours, then puts into granular mill and is crushed, and with 60 mesh sieves, then will be after sieving
Raw material input air flow drying device in be dried, obtain standby material of the moisture content 27.5%；Standby material and 4.5 parts are promoted
Incendiary agent, 3.5 parts of resistive connection slag agent, 1.5 parts of lubricants, 2.5 parts of antichlors, 2.5 parts of desulfurizing agents and 7.5 parts of binding agents are well mixed
After put into golden Chinese parasol tree K628 biomass granulation machines and carry out extrusion forming, biological particles are made, and by biological particles and 1.5 parts
Biomass polyester slurry is well mixed；Then the biological particles of extrusion forming are put into the roller-way cellar for storing things of oxygen-free seal, by life
Material grainses are heated to more than 200 DEG C, preheated 10 minutes；Then biological particles are heated to 350 DEG C, make biological particles carbon
Change, and the exhaust opening for making the impurity such as moisture and the sulfide in biological particles be stored by roller-way is discharged, it is small that carbonisation continues 2
When；Then by biological particles be heated to 500 DEG C, the biological particles to carbonization further refined, lift its hardness
And toughness, refining continue 0.5 hour；The temperature of the biological particles of the carbonization of carbonization is finally set uniformly to be reduced in 90 minutes
200 DEG C and continue to naturally cool to 100 DEG C, then come out of the stove and put into closed furnace, naturally cooled under oxygen-free environment often
Temperature, you can biological particles charcoal is made.Obtained biological particles charcoal performance is as shown in table 1.
Embodiment six
30 parts of soybean stalks, 20 portions of bagasse, 40 parts of bamboo scraps, 90 parts of cypress wood chips are placed in 5% citric acid solution
Boiling drains after 2 hours, then puts into granular mill and is crushed, and with 60 mesh sieves, then by after sieving
It is dried in raw material input air flow drying device, obtains standby material of the moisture content 30%；Standby material and 5 parts are promoted to burn
Agent, 4 parts of resistive connection slag agent, 2 parts of lubricants, 3 parts of antichlors, 3 parts of desulfurizing agents and 10 parts of binding agents put into golden Chinese parasol tree after being well mixed
Extrusion forming is carried out in K628 biomass granulation machines, biological particles are made, and biological particles and 2 parts of biomass polyesters are starched
Material is well mixed；Then the biological particles of extrusion forming are put into the roller-way cellar for storing things of oxygen-free seal, biological particles is heated
To more than 200 DEG C, preheating 10 minutes；Then biological particles are heated to 400 DEG C, biological particles is carbonized, and make biology
The exhaust opening that the impurity such as moisture and sulfide in matter particle are stored by roller-way is discharged, and carbonisation continues 2 hours；Then will be raw
Material grainses be heated to 500 DEG C, the biological particles to carbonization further refined, lift its hardness and toughness, refine
Continue 0.5 hour；The temperature of the biological particles of carbonization was uniformly reduced to 200 DEG C in 90 minutes and continue nature
100 DEG C are cooled to, then comes out of the stove and puts into closed furnace, normal temperature is naturally cooled under oxygen-free environment, you can biomass is made
Particle charcoal.Obtained biological particles charcoal performance is as shown in table 1.
Comparative example one
100 parts of soybean stalks are put into granular mill and crushed, and with 60 mesh sieves, then will be after sieving
Soybean stalk particle input air flow drying device in be dried, obtain standby material of the moisture content 25%；Standby material is thrown
Enter to carry out extrusion forming in Jin Wu K628 biomass granulation machines, biological particles are made.Obtained biological particles performance such as table 1
It is shown.
Comparative example two
100 parts of cypress wood chips are put into granular mill and crushed, and with 60 mesh sieves, then will be after sieving
Cypress wood chip input air flow drying device in be dried, obtain standby material of the moisture content 25%；Standby material is put into gold
Extrusion forming is carried out in Chinese parasol tree K628 biomass granulation machines, biological particles are made.The obtained biological particles performance such as institute of table 1
Show.
1 each embodiment of table and biomass granule fuel performance made from each comparative example are as follows：
| Calorific value Kcal/kg | Volatile matter | Moisture | Chlorinity | Sulfur content | Fluxing power | |
| Embodiment one | 7706.5 | 12.65% | 2.07% | 0.07% | 0.06% | 2.9% |
| Embodiment two | 7659.6 | 12.81% | 2.14% | 0.08% | 0.06% | 2.7% |
| Embodiment three | 7613.2 | 12.98% | 2.31% | 0.08% | 0.06% | 2.8% |
| Example IV | 7818.3 | 11.63% | 1.89% | 0.06% | 0.04% | 2.6% |
| Embodiment five | 7801.9 | 11.93% | 1.96% | 0.06% | 0.05% | 2.6% |
| Embodiment six | 7764.3 | 12.02% | 2.04% | 0.06% | 0.05% | 2.5% |
| Comparative example one | 3582.7 | 21.39% | 5.25% | 0.53% | 0.83% | 9.7% |
| Comparative example two | 4316.9 | 18.41% | 4.72% | 0.73% | 1.04% | 11.4% |
As it can be seen from table 1 biological particles charcoal produced by the present invention not only has compared with common biological particles
Higher calorific value, also there is lower volatile matter, moisture, chlorinity, sulfur content and fluxing power, more resistance to burning, pollute smaller.With
Biological particles calorific value is low made from pure agricultural crop straw, and volatile matter, moisture are high, and fluxing power is high, intolerant to burning, and does not carry out
Dechlorination, desulfurization process, sulfur content is higher with chlorinty, and Air-pollution From Combustion is more serious.Although the biological particles made from pure wood chip
Theoretical combustion heat is higher, but insufficient due to burning, and the calorific value of actual generation and measurement is relatively low on the contrary, and sulfur content, sulfur content, knot
Slag rate is equally higher.
The present invention uses the primary raw material of the higher wood chip of calorific value and bamboo scraps as production biological particles charcoal, makes obtained
Biological particles charcoal has higher calorific value；It with the addition of in the feed by ammonium hydrogen carbonate, calper calcium peroxide, sodium nitrate and nitric acid simultaneously
The rush incendiary agent that potassium mixes, sodium nitrate can be thermally decomposed with potassium nitrate, produce oxygen, promote the combustion of biological particles charcoal
Burn；Ammonium hydrogen carbonate is produced carbon dioxide, ammonia and water, the effusion of carbon dioxide and ammonia by thermal decomposition can make solid particle fuel
Inside produces small passage, and oxygen can enter the inside of biological particles charcoal from passage, make the burning of biological particles charcoal more
Fully, water can react generation oxygen and calcium hydroxide, oxygen with calper calcium peroxide can further promote the burning of biological particles charcoal,
Calcium hydroxide can generate calcium carbonate and water, calcium carbonate with carbon dioxide reaction can improve the resistive connection slag effect of fuel, and water can
To continue and calper calcium peroxide reaction generation oxygen.Promoting incendiary agent can make the burning of biological particles charcoal more abundant, carry significantly
Its high efficiency of combustion, making it, caused actual calorific value is higher in combustion.
The present invention also added the resistive connection slag agent mixed by dolomite dust, alundum (Al2O3), calcium oxide and magnesia,
Dolomite dust can significantly improve the ash fusion point of granular fuel, have excellent resistive connection slag effect, and also have solid sulphur, eliminate smoke, and carry
The effect of high reaction activity and decentralization；Generation of the alundum (Al2O3) to sintering is inhibited, and alundum (Al2O3) is more easy to
Reacted in alkali metal, product fusing point is high；Calcium oxide and the carrier that magnesia is oxygen, activity is high, can play to carbon atom transmission
The effect of oxygen, make full combustion of fuel, and calcium oxide and magnesia can also increase the precipitation of volatile matter in fuel, improve fuel
Combustion activity.The agent of resistive connection slag can effectively reduce the fluxing power of biological particles charcoal, make biological particles charcoal fully thoroughly
Burning, discharges more available heating values.
In addition, the present invention also with the addition of antichlor and desulfurizing agent in the feed, so that obtained biological particles charcoal contains
Chlorine dose and sulfur content substantially reduce, caused toxic and harmful gas greatly reduces in combustion, protect Environmental security with
The health and safety of user.Binding agent is with the addition of in raw material, obtained biological particles charcoal can be made more firm, extrusion forming
Biological particles mixed with biomass polyester slurry, carbonization refining process hot environment under, biological particles charcoal
Surface can form one layer of biomass polyester film, further increase the stability of biological particles charcoal, make biological particles charcoal
In storage or transportation unsuitable breakage, fall apart.The present invention also added lubricant, and lubricant is the discarded plant of recovery
Oil.Lubricant can make raw material mixing evenly abundant, and biological particles charcoal can be improved by doing lubricant with discarded vegetable oil
Calorific value.Discarded vegetable oil can be caused by gutter oil caused by catering industry or each industrial processes
Discarded oil, not only wide material sources, cheap, and makes to discard caused by other industry and dealt carefully with oil,
Serve the effect of environmental protection.
The present invention carries out boiling processing using citric acid solution to the raw material after crushing, can be quick by the extraction of hot water
The element such as contained substantial amounts of potassium, sodium, chlorine in raw material is removed, so that fluxing power substantially reduces；The epidermis of agricultural crop straw etc. has
One layer of cuticula, agricultural crop straw can be hindered to be extracted with elements such as potassium contained in bagasse, sodium, chlorine by water, after also hindering
The effusion of moisture, citric acid can destroy the cuticula in continuous drying course, be advantageous to contained by agricultural crop straw and bagasse
The elements such as potassium, sodium, chlorine are quickly dissolved in water, while also help follow-up drying.The present invention has carried out carbon to biological particles
Change refining treatment, biological particles is carbonized, and further eliminate the moisture in biological particles, chloride, sulfide etc.
Impurity, make obtained biological particles charcoal efficiency of combustion higher, burn more thorough, utilization rate is higher.
Although the embodiment of the present invention is the foregoing described, it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that not
On the premise of the principle and essence of the present invention, various changes or modifications can be made to these embodiments, but these become
More protection scope of the present invention is each fallen within modification.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. preparation method of biological particles charcoal, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：Pretreatment of raw material, extrusion forming, Carbonization refining；The carbonization refining refers to heat, make biology the biological particles of extrusion forming completely cutting off under conditions of air Matter particle is carbonized, and excludes the impurity such as the sulfide in biological particles；The raw material of the biological particles charcoal wraps by weight Include：20~30 parts of agricultural crop straw, 10~20 parts of bagasse, 30~40 parts of bamboo scraps, 80~90 parts of wood chip, rush incendiary agent 4~5 Part, 3~4 parts of resistive connection slag agent.
- A kind of 2. preparation method of biological particles charcoal according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：It is described rush incendiary agent be Ammonium hydrogen carbonate, calper calcium peroxide, the mixture of sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate, the ammonium hydrogen carbonate, calper calcium peroxide, sodium nitrate and potassium nitrate Mass ratio be 1:1:1:1；The resistive connection slag agent is the mixture of dolomite dust, alundum (Al2O3), calcium oxide and magnesia, institute The mass ratio for stating dolomite dust, alundum (Al2O3), calcium oxide and magnesia is 6:5:3:1.
- A kind of 3. preparation method of biological particles charcoal according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The pretreatment of raw material It is that the agricultural crop straw of formula ratio, bagasse, bamboo scraps, wood chip are put into granular mill and crushed, and with 60 mesh sieves Sieving, will be then dried in the raw material input air flow drying device after sieving, obtain moisture content 25~30% it is standby Material；The extrusion forming is to be put into after standby material is well mixed with the rush incendiary agent of formula ratio and resistive connection slag agent in former Extruded, produce biological particles of different shapes as needed；The carbonization refining is that extrusion forming step is made Biological particles input oxygen-free seal roller-way cellar for storing things in, by biological particles be heated to more than 200 DEG C, preheat 10 minutes；So Biological particles are heated to 300~400 DEG C afterwards, biological particles is carbonized, and make the moisture in biological particles and vulcanization The exhaust opening that the impurity such as thing are stored by roller-way is discharged, and carbonisation continues 2 hours；Then by biological particles be heated to 500 DEG C, The biological particles of carbonization are further refined, lift its hardness and toughness, refining continues 0.5 hour；Finally make carbon The temperature of the biological particles of change was uniformly reduced to 200 DEG C in 90 minutes and continues to naturally cool to 100 DEG C, then came out of the stove And put into closed furnace, naturally cool to normal temperature under oxygen-free environment, you can biological particles charcoal is made.
- A kind of 4. preparation method of biological particles charcoal according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The biomass The raw material of particle charcoal also includes by weight：1~2 part of lubricant, 2~3 parts of antichlor, 2~3 parts of desulfurizing agent, binding agent 5~10 Part, 1~2 part of biomass polyester slurry.
- A kind of 5. preparation method of biological particles charcoal according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The lubricant is back The waste vegetable oil of receipts.
- A kind of 6. preparation method of biological particles charcoal according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The system of the antichlor Preparation Method is as follows：By 1mmol2- dimethyl succinic acids, 1mmol1, (pyridin-3-yl methoxyl group) benzene of 3- bis- and 2mmol aluminum nitrate It is dissolved among 120ml ethanol and the mixed solvent of 55ml dimethyl acetamides, is stirred at room temperature to form mixed liquor A, use is inorganic Alkali adjusts the pH value of mixed liquor A to 7.5, and 11h that then above-mentioned mixed liquor A flows back at 65 DEG C obtains mixed liquid B, then will The mixed liquid B is placed in 300ml hydrothermal reaction kettles under the conditions of 130 DEG C of the solvent heat heating response after 20 hours with 5 DEG C/h It is down to room temperature and antichlor is made.
- A kind of 7. preparation method of biological particles charcoal according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The system of the desulfurizing agent Preparation Method is as follows：By 1mmol4,4 '-methylene two-(oxo) dibenzoic acid, 1mmol4,4- bipyridyls and 1mmol manganese acetates are molten In the mixed solution of 60ml ethanol and 120ml dimethylformamides, it is stirred at room temperature to form mixed liquor C, will with inorganic base Mixed liquor C pH value is adjusted to 7.5, and above-mentioned mixed liquor C is then stood into one week at 25 DEG C and obtains mixed liquor D, then by institute State mixed liquor D and be placed in 300ml hydrothermal reaction kettles heating response under the conditions of 165 DEG C of the solvent heat and be down to after 45 hours with 5 DEG C/h Desulfurizing agent is made in room temperature.
- A kind of 8. preparation method of biological particles charcoal according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The system of the binding agent Preparation Method is as follows：In the sulfuric acid solution that concentration is 20% and wooden processing-waste pH value is to 3~5, obtains containing lignin The suspension of grain；Into suspension, addition flocculant makes the lignin particles coagulative precipitation in suspension；Precipitation is dried, Crush, binding agent is made after screening；The flocculant is the modified starch with cross-linked network loose structure or 5- methylols sugar Aldehyde；The wooden processing-waste is at least one of cassava processing-waste and eucalyptus pulping waste liquor.
- A kind of 9. preparation method of biological particles charcoal according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The biomass polyester The preparation method of slurry is as follows：3.6g malic acid is added into 25mL absolute ethyl alcohols with 1.7g glycerine to mix with 0.7mL20% sulfuric acid In liquid, dissolve by heating；Naturally cool to room temperature and can be prepared by standby biomass polyester slurry.
- A kind of 10. preparation method of biological particles charcoal according to any one in claim 4 to 9, it is characterised in that： The pretreatment of raw material is that the agricultural crop straw of formula ratio, bagasse, bamboo scraps, wood chip are placed in 3~5% citric acid solution Boiling drains after 1~2 hour, then puts into granular mill and is crushed, and with 60 mesh sieves, then will be after sieving Raw material input air flow drying device in be dried, obtain standby material of the moisture content 25~30%；The extrusion forming is Thrown after standby material is well mixed with rush incendiary agent, the agent of resistive connection slag, lubricant, antichlor, desulfurizing agent and the binding agent of formula ratio Enter in former and extruded, produce biological particles of different shapes as needed, and by biological particles with being formulated The biomass polyester slurry of amount is well mixed；The carbonization refining is that biological particles made from extrusion forming step are put into nothing In the roller-way cellar for storing things of oxygen sealing, biological particles are heated to more than 200 DEG C, preheated 10 minutes；Then biological particles are heated To 300~400 DEG C, biological particles is carbonized, and the impurity such as moisture and the sulfide in biological particles is stored by roller-way Exhaust opening discharge, carbonisation continues 2 hours；Then biological particles are heated to 500 DEG C, the biological particles to carbonization Further refined, lift its hardness and toughness, refining continues 0.5 hour；Finally make the temperature of the biological particles of carbonization Degree was uniformly reduced to 200 DEG C in 90 minutes and continues to naturally cool to 100 DEG C, then comes out of the stove and puts into closed furnace, in nothing Normal temperature is naturally cooled under oxygen environment, you can biological particles charcoal is made.
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