CN109233879A - A kind of processing method of biomass straw thermal cracking - Google Patents
A kind of processing method of biomass straw thermal cracking Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109233879A CN109233879A CN201710561647.5A CN201710561647A CN109233879A CN 109233879 A CN109233879 A CN 109233879A CN 201710561647 A CN201710561647 A CN 201710561647A CN 109233879 A CN109233879 A CN 109233879A
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- Prior art keywords
- gas
- biomass
- retort
- thermal cracking
- cracking
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
- C10B47/28—Other processes
- C10B47/30—Other processes in rotary ovens or retorts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
- C10B47/28—Other processes
- C10B47/32—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means
- C10B47/44—Other processes in ovens with mechanical conveying means with conveyor-screws
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/005—After-treatment of coke, e.g. calcination desulfurization
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
- C10B57/10—Drying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10K—PURIFYING OR MODIFYING THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF COMBUSTIBLE GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE
- C10K1/00—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide
- C10K1/08—Purifying combustible gases containing carbon monoxide by washing with liquids; Reviving the used wash liquors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of processing methods of biomass straw thermal cracking, comprising the following steps: step 1: being passed through the relatively stable gas of chemical property into retort and guarantees that oxygen content is cut lower than 1% in slight positive pressure state in furnace；Step 2: opening rotary kiln, retort is heated with liquefied gas；Step 3: charging enters biological particles material in retort by feeding spiral, feed auger；Step 4: opening gas separation system, open scrubbing tower；Step 5: after generating gas, cracked gas after washing being passed through in combustion furnace and is burnt, and closes liquefied gas；Step 6: after charcoal system has biomass carbon to come out out, opening wood vinegar spray；Step 7: adjusting parameter guarantees system stable operation；The present invention is guaranteeing biomass carbon quality, improves production efficiency, and can continuously be mass produced, and the separation of liquid phase gas phase is more perfect, and is easy to control temperature, and energy circulation uses.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of biomass processes, the processing method of specifically a kind of biomass straw thermal cracking.
Background technique
China has agricultural straw resource very rich, produces agricultural crop straw every year as a large agricultural country
Hundred million t of total amount about 7-10, wherein the staple food crops such as rice, wheat, corn stalk is in 500,000,000 t or so, and agricultural crop straw is main
For biomass fuel, fertilizer, feed and the raw material of industry, according to statistics, there is 15% straw directly returning to field in China every year, and 24%
Stalk is used for feed, and 2.3% stalk is used for the raw material of industry, remaining mostly to use as the energy.But in recent years, agriculture
Village's economy is developed rapidly, and substantially increases the living standard of peasant, most of agricultural crop straw is with being discarded in field
Head, some are regional or even directly burn in field, this not only causes the huge waste of the energy, also causes very big pollution to environment.
Currently, there are many pyrolysis processing research to biomass straw, because biomass carbon has many distinctive properties, such as hole
Gap structure is than more developed, specific surface area is larger, retentiveness is strong and surface functional group height is abundant, thus biomass carbon is each
Field suffers from huge application prospect, at present application of the biomass carbon in fields such as agricultural, environment, the energy and functional materials
Research is than wide.
Existing stalk processing method mainly has:
(1) low temperature cracks at a slow speed, and this method temperature is general < and 500 DEG C, primary product is solid biomass charcoal, common are interior heat
Formula biomass carbonizing furnace, external-heat biomass carbonizing furnace.
(2) medium temperature rapid cleavage, this method temperature are controlled at 500 ~ 700 DEG C, and primary product is bio-oil, biomass carbon
For by-product.
(3) high-temperature flash cracks, and this method temperature is higher, and generally 700 ~ 1000 DEG C, by biomass straw direct gasification,
Primary product is biomass cracking gases.
Existing stalk pyrolysis charring technology mainly has the disadvantage that: (1) backward in technique, product yield is low, and gas is difficult to
Processing；(2) productivity is low, is unable to continuous production, is not suitable for demand of industrial production；(3) energy consumption is high, deficiency in economic performance, and product is raw
Substance charcoal quality.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of processing methods of biomass straw thermal cracking, to solve above-mentioned background technique
The problem of middle proposition.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
A kind of processing method of biomass straw thermal cracking, includes the following steps,
Step 1: being passed through the relatively stable gas of chemical property into retort and guarantee that oxygen content is cut lower than 1% in micro- in furnace
Barotropic state；
Step 2: opening rotary kiln, retort is heated with liquefied gas；
Step 3: charging enters biological particles material in retort by feeding spiral, feed auger；
Step 4: opening gas separation system, open scrubbing tower；
Step 5: after generating gas, cracked gas after washing being passed through in combustion furnace and is burnt, and closes liquefied gas；
Step 6: after charcoal system has biomass carbon to come out out, opening wood vinegar spray；
Step 7: adjusting parameter guarantees system stable operation.
As a further solution of the present invention: the relatively stable gas of chemical property in the step 1 is nitrogen.
Scrubbing tower in the step 4 is three-level scrubbing tower.
The cracking gas is made of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and methane.
A kind of processing method of biomass straw thermal cracking, the process flow of the processing including biomass straw thermal cracking,
Biomass straw particle enters in closed rotary kiln by feed system, by cracking charing, the life of solid under limited oxygen condition
Substance charcoal is stored in carbon distribution case after supercooling, broken, spray；High-temperature gas is cooling by three-level, isolated biomass
Oil, wood vinegar and purified cracking gas, main component carbon monoxide, hydrogen and the methane of cracking gas contain higher heat
Value, therefore cracking gas can be used for the heating of retort, to meet the requirement of continuously carbonizing, and improves utilizing for energy and imitates
Rate reduces environmental pollution.
As further scheme of the invention:
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the present invention is guaranteeing biomass carbon quality, production efficiency is improved,
It can continuously be mass produced again, the separation of liquid phase gas phase is more perfect, and is easy to control temperature, and energy circulation uses.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the processing method of biomass straw thermal cracking.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of processing method of biomass straw thermal cracking includes the following steps,
Step 1: being passed through the relatively stable gas of chemical property into retort and guarantee that oxygen content is cut lower than 1% in micro- in furnace
Barotropic state；
Step 2: opening rotary kiln, retort is heated with liquefied gas；
Step 3: charging enters biological particles material in retort by feeding spiral, feed auger；
Step 4: opening gas separation system, open scrubbing tower；
Step 5: after generating gas, cracked gas after washing being passed through in combustion furnace and is burnt, and closes liquefied gas；
Step 6: after charcoal system has biomass carbon to come out out, opening wood vinegar spray；
Step 7: adjusting parameter guarantees system stable operation.
The relatively stable gas of chemical property in the step 1 is nitrogen.
Scrubbing tower in the step 4 is three-level scrubbing tower.
The cracking gas is made of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and methane.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of processing method of biomass straw thermal cracking, the processing including biomass straw thermal cracking
Process flow, biomass straw particle enter in closed rotary kiln by feed system, carbonize under limited oxygen condition by cracking,
The biomass carbon of solid is stored in carbon distribution case after supercooling, broken, spray；High-temperature gas is cooling by three-level, separates
To bio-oil, wood vinegar and purified cracking gas, the main component of cracking gas is carbon monoxide, hydrogen and methane, is contained
There is higher calorific value, therefore cracking gas can be used for the heating of retort, to meet the requirement of continuously carbonizing, and improves energy
Utilization efficiency, reduce environmental pollution.
The working principle of the invention is: under limited oxygen condition, biomass is acted in 250-750 DEG C of generation thermal cracking, carbon water
The cracking of compound recurring structure and product by solid-liquid-gas is isolated biomass carbon, wood vinegar and biomass cracking gases.It is logical
Often, l tons of available 700 m of dry straw thermal crackings carbonization3Above combustible gas, 300 kg biomass carbons and the 200-250 kg
Wood vinegar.
Biomass carbon not only can be used as soil improvement regulator, but also can be used for organo-mineral complexing slow-release fertilizer, novel base
Matter and environmental pollution treatment agent.Although the yield of these products is different according to raw material, flow-route and temperature, from volatile matter organic matter
The biological mass combustable gas energy is obtained, nutrient and stationary state carbon is retained from solid residue biomass carbon, is obtained from liquid
Bioactive organic substances-liquid organic matter.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie
In the case where without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Benefit requires rather than above description limits, it is intended that all by what is fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims
Variation is included within the present invention.Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the involved claims.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should
It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art
The other embodiments being understood that.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of processing method of biomass straw thermal cracking, which is characterized in that include the following steps,
Step 1: being passed through the relatively stable gas of chemical property into retort and guarantee that oxygen content is cut lower than 1% in micro- in furnace
Barotropic state；
Step 2: opening rotary kiln, retort is heated with liquefied gas；
Step 3: charging enters biological particles material in retort by feeding spiral, feed auger；
Step 4: opening gas separation system, open scrubbing tower；
Step 5: after generating gas, cracked gas after washing being passed through in combustion furnace and is burnt, and closes liquefied gas；
Step 6: after charcoal system has biomass carbon to come out out, opening wood vinegar spray；
Step 7: adjusting parameter guarantees system stable operation.
2. a kind of processing method of biomass straw thermal cracking according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 1
In the relatively stable gas of chemical property be nitrogen.
3. a kind of processing method of biomass straw thermal cracking according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 4
In scrubbing tower be three-level scrubbing tower.
4. a kind of processing method of biomass straw thermal cracking according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cracking gas
It is made of carbon monoxide, hydrogen and methane.
5. a kind of processing method of biomass straw thermal cracking according to claim 1, which is characterized in that including biomass
The process flow of the processing of straw thermal cracking, biomass straw particle enter in closed rotary kiln by feed system, in limit oxygen
Under the conditions of by cracking charing, the biomass carbon of solid is stored in carbon distribution case after supercooling, broken, spray；High-temperature gas
Cooling by three-level, isolated bio-oil, wood vinegar and purified cracking gas, the main component of cracking gas are an oxygen
Change carbon, hydrogen and methane, containing higher calorific value, therefore cracking gas can be used for the heating of retort, to meet continuously carbonizing
It is required that and improve the utilization efficiency of energy, reduce environmental pollution.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710561647.5A CN109233879A (en) | 2017-07-11 | 2017-07-11 | A kind of processing method of biomass straw thermal cracking |
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| CN201710561647.5A CN109233879A (en) | 2017-07-11 | 2017-07-11 | A kind of processing method of biomass straw thermal cracking |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111187118A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-05-22 | 浙江科技学院 | Method for preparing carbon-based fertilizer by using perishable garbage as raw material and application |
| CN111453727A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-07-28 | 上海化工研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of sludge-straw composite biomass activated carbon |
| CN115197730A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-10-18 | 逊克县聚鑫生物质新材料有限公司 | Preparation device and method of modified biomass charcoal based on low-temperature cracking |
| CN115283419A (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2022-11-04 | 江山市虎鼎环保科技有限公司 | Low-temperature thermal cracking method for fly ash |
| WO2023072220A1 (en) * | 2021-10-28 | 2023-05-04 | 河南工业大学 | Method for combined thermal conversion of straw briquette fuel and carbon dioxide |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111187118A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2020-05-22 | 浙江科技学院 | Method for preparing carbon-based fertilizer by using perishable garbage as raw material and application |
| CN111453727A (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2020-07-28 | 上海化工研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of sludge-straw composite biomass activated carbon |
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| CN115197730A (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2022-10-18 | 逊克县聚鑫生物质新材料有限公司 | Preparation device and method of modified biomass charcoal based on low-temperature cracking |
| CN115197730B (en) * | 2022-08-17 | 2024-01-26 | 逊克县聚鑫生物质新材料有限公司 | Preparation device and method of modified biomass charcoal based on low-temperature pyrolysis |
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Application publication date: 20190118 |