CN107363399B - A kind of method of electric arc auxiliary laser weldering - Google Patents
A kind of method of electric arc auxiliary laser weldering Download PDFInfo
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- CN107363399B CN107363399B CN201710700644.5A CN201710700644A CN107363399B CN 107363399 B CN107363399 B CN 107363399B CN 201710700644 A CN201710700644 A CN 201710700644A CN 107363399 B CN107363399 B CN 107363399B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
- B23K26/348—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding in combination with arc heating, e.g. TIG [tungsten inert gas], MIG [metal inert gas] or plasma welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of method of electric arc auxiliary laser weldering, the double focus laser that the present invention uses is divided into double focus laser beam by single beam laser, through optical spectroscopic system, and the double beams laser focus along bead direction vertical distribution can do interlaced move, substantially effectively stir molten bath, when its high power serves as welding heat source, is conducive to increase fusion penetration, stirs molten bath, effectively reduce stomata and splashing, meanwhile by finely tuning bifocal focal length, it can be achieved that regulation weld penetration and molten wide.When its low-power serves as heat treatment heat source, be conducive to improve the smoothness of face of weld, the uniformity of weld seam, reduce stomata and splashing, weldquality is improved, laser energy is occupied an leading position in the method for the present invention, carries out pre-welding heat treatment to workpiece using low-power single focus laser and electric arc, by the plasma interaction between electric arc and double focus laser heat source, absorptivity enhancing laser " aperture " effect of laser energy is improved to obtain bigger welding penetration or speed of welding.
Description
Technical field
Present invention relates particularly to Materials Processing Engineering technical fields, and in particular to a kind of method of electric arc auxiliary laser weldering.
Background technique
Laser welding is a kind of high-energy density, and high speed of welding in high precision and is conducive to obtain the one of tight weld tissue
Kind novel welding method.Laser welding is one of the importance of Materialbearbeitung mit Laserlicht technical application, is mainly widely used in navigating
Its aviation, auto industry, electronics industry etc..With the fast development of modern industry, conventional laser welding technology is because of its own
Defect have been unable to meet demand, such as: the high-termal conductivity of materials to be welded, low ionization energy and to spies such as the high reflectances of laser
Property cause photocoagulation process stability very poor, eventually lead to that appearance of weld is poor, fusion penetration fluctuation is larger, weld porosity rate it is higher with
And laser assembly precision requires the problems such as high, equipment is expensive.Currently, major research institution or industrial maker, it has been suggested that more
Focal argon laser-arc hybrid welding method, this method can effectively improve laser utilization, and the stability of welding process improves weldering
Quality and performance are stitched, manufacturing cost is reduced.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the problems of the above-mentioned prior art, a kind of method of electric arc auxiliary laser weldering is provided, in optimization work
When welding under skill parameter, laser energy utilizing rate is improved, composite welding is realized, passes through the multifocal compound motion of laser, energy
Enough refinement of welded metal effectively made after solidification；Promote the floating upward quicklies such as gas and the impurity in molten bath, reduces stomata
And dreg defect；Reduce welding residual stress and welding deformation；Make ingredient more evenly, so as to improve weld structure；It improves
The comprehensive mechanical property of weld seam.
The technical solution that the present invention uses is: a kind of method of electric arc auxiliary laser weldering, comprising the following steps:
(1) welding preparation: being polished workpiece surface to be welded or cleaned, and the workpiece to be welded after polishing or cleaning is fixed
On welding tooling；
(2) setting laser beam and arc welding gun position: laser beam and arc welding gun are swashed by an axis at serial arrangement
Light beam includes single focus laser and double focus laser, is disposed with double focus laser, arc welding gun, list along weld seam welding direction
Focal argon laser, the double focus laser are tilted towards the setting of arc welding gun position, the single focus laser and bead direction at
It is vertically arranged, there are spacing relative to arc welding gun for the single focus laser terminal；
(3) technological parameter is arranged: setting spot diameter is 4mm, and single focus laser power is 800~1000W, and bifocus swashs
Optical power is 3000~4400W, and arc current is 80~120A, and the chevilled silk of single focus laser and welding wire is double away from for 10~16mm
For the chevilled silk of focal argon laser and welding wire away from for -1~6mm, dry extension of electrode is 10~16mm, and speed of welding is 4~15m/min, is sent
Silk speed is 5.5~7.5m/min, and laser radiation gas is straight argon, and gas flow is 10~30L/min, and welding gun protective gas is adopted
With straight argon or argon and CO2 gaseous mixture, gas flow is 20~30L/min；
(4) welding operation: after being provided with welding condition, it is first passed through protective gas, then will be on welded workpiece
Arc Starting Arc so that the laser of welded workpiece electric arc two sides is simultaneously emitted by laser after 1~2s of arc stability
Beam controls laser head and welding gun by robot, so that workpiece using laser before and after electric arc, weld seam mode of the electric arc in
On laser-arc systems associated movement complete laser-arc hybrid welding in industry.
The double focus laser being obliquely installed and vertical direction angle is 5 °~15 °, and defocusing amount is -4~+4mm.
Focal length is fine-tuning between the double focus laser, and 0.1~1mm of changing value mutually does oval crisscross motion.
Vertical direction between the double focus laser and workpiece is equipped with the laser light barrier plate to move in a circle.
The laser light barrier plate is uniform circular motion or non-uniform circular motion, the HZ of frequency 50HZ~500.
Vertical direction between the double focus laser and workpiece is equipped with to be deformed in different electric field strength bottom profileds
Liquid lens.
The liquid lens do the curvature defomation on vertical workpiece direction, deformation in the deformation of varying strength electric field bottom profiled
0~2mm of amplitude, causes focus changing position up and down, and Oscillation Amplitude is 0~3mm.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: providing 4 heat sources the present invention provides a kind of method of electric arc auxiliary laser weldering:
Single focus laser, welding gun electric arc, bifocal heat point source, successively tandem is arranged in welding direction in order, and laser power can be changed
Different heats outputs are realized with the electric current of welding gun system and voltage, realize the bond pattern of demand on the spot, what the present invention used
Double focus laser is divided into double focus laser beam by single beam laser, through optical spectroscopic system, along the two-beam of bead direction vertical distribution
Laser spot can do interlaced movement, substantially effectively stir molten bath, when its high power serves as welding heat source, be conducive to add
Big fusion penetration stirs molten bath, effectively reduces stomata and splashing, meanwhile, by finely tuning bifocal focal length, it can be achieved that regulation weld seam is molten
Depth and molten wide.Its low-power serve as heat treatment heat source when, be conducive to improve face of weld smoothness, the uniformity of weld seam,
Stomata and splashing are reduced, weldquality is improved, laser energy is occupied an leading position in the method for the present invention, is swashed using low-power single focus
Light and electric arc carry out pre-welding heat treatment to workpiece, are interacted, are mentioned by the plasma between electric arc and double focus laser heat source
Absorptivity enhancing laser " aperture " effect of high laser energy is to obtain bigger welding penetration or speed of welding.
Figure of description
Fig. 1 is that schematic diagram is welded in bifocus whirling vibration of the present invention；Wherein 1 is workpiece, and 2 hand over for double focus laser Shu Shuiping
Wrong rotary motion track；3 be double focus laser beam along welding direction elliptical motion composite trochoid；4 be double focus laser beam
Vertical workpiece moves back and forth track on direction；5 be double focus laser beam；6 be double focus laser beam crisscross motion section track
Figure.
Fig. 2 is double excitation whirling vibration index path of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is that electric arc auxiliary laser of the present invention welds pattern diagram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to examples, and the examples are only preferred embodiments of the present invention,
It is not limitation of the invention.
One, before welding, workpiece surface to be welded is polished or is cleaned, the workpiece to be welded after polishing or cleaning is fixed on
On welding tooling；
Two, remain laser beam and arc welding gun in an axis at serial arrangement, collective effect in the welding process
By welding zone domain, it is as follows that geometric parameter is arranged: laser beam and vertical direction angle are 5 °~15 °, and defocusing amount is -4~+4mm；
Three, bond pattern and technological parameter are set:
By laser beam and arc welding gun by an axis at serial arrangement, laser beam includes that single focus laser and bifocus swash
Light is disposed with double focus laser, arc welding gun, single focus laser along weld seam welding direction, and the double focus laser inclines
The setting of oblique arc welding gun position, the double focus laser end close to arc welding gun position, the single focus laser with
At being vertically arranged, the single focus laser terminal is arranged bead direction relative to arc welding gun certain distance；
The generation of single bifocus double beams laser beam, can be used optical spectroscopic system to single incident laser device carry out light splitting or
It is that double lasers carry out laser light incident, double focus laser Shu Ze is to carry out light splitting generation bifocus using optical spectroscopic system to swash
Light,
It is bifocal along welding direction staggeredly at the uniform velocity or speed change circular motion by with through-hole extinction light barrier rotation
It is raw to transport movable property, the rotary motion of light barrier can be then driven by motor gear.Above and below on bifocal vertical workpiece direction
It moves back and forth, changes drop by changing Current Voltage by the liquid lens under incident electric fields effect after light barrier by laser
The electric field strength of lens both sides clamping, and then change liquid lens surface shape face, Lai Jinhang zoom.Under light barrier and electric field action
Liquid lens be distributed at axis.Bond pattern involved in device, can be opposite with electric arc heat source by adjusting laser heat source
It realizes position.
Technological parameter is arranged: setting spot diameter is 4mm, and single focus laser power is 800~1000W, double focus laser
Power is 3000~4400W, and arc current is 80~120A, and the chevilled silk of single focus laser and welding wire is away from for 10~16mm, bifocal
For the chevilled silk of dot laser and welding wire away from for -1~6mm, dry extension of electrode is 10~16mm, and speed of welding is 4~15m/min, wire feed
Speed is 5.5~7.5m/min, and laser radiation gas is straight argon, and gas flow is 10~30L/min, and welding gun protective gas uses
Straight argon or argon and CO2 gaseous mixture, gas flow are 20~30L/min；
Four, welding operation: after being provided with welding condition, it is first passed through protective gas, then will be on welded workpiece
Arc Starting Arc so that the laser of welded workpiece electric arc two sides is simultaneously emitted by laser after 1~2s of arc stability
Beam controls laser head and welding gun by robot, so that workpiece using laser before and after electric arc, weld seam mode of the electric arc in
On laser-arc systems associated movement complete laser-arc hybrid welding in industry.
The double focus laser that the present invention uses is divided into double focus laser beam by single beam laser, through optical spectroscopic system, along weldering
The double beams laser focus of seam direction vertical distribution can do interlaced movement, substantially effectively stir molten bath, fill in its high power
When welding heat source, is conducive to increase fusion penetration, stirs molten bath, effectively reduce stomata and splashing, meanwhile, it is bifocal by finely tuning
Focal length is, it can be achieved that regulation weld penetration and molten wide.When its low-power serves as heat treatment heat source, be conducive to improve face of weld
Smoothness, the uniformity of weld seam reduce stomata and splashing, improve weldquality, and laser energy is predominantly in the method for the present invention
Position carries out pre-welding heat treatment to workpiece using low-power single focus laser and electric arc, by electric arc and double focus laser heat source it
Between plasma interaction, absorptivity enhancing laser " aperture " effect for improving laser energy is molten to obtain bigger welding
Depth or speed of welding.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not limited merely to above-mentioned implementation
Example, all technical solutions belonged under thinking of the present invention all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.It should be pointed out that for the art
Those of ordinary skill for, several improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, these improvements and modifications
It should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method of electric arc auxiliary laser weldering, which comprises the following steps:
(1) welding preparation: being polished workpiece surface to be welded or cleaned, and the workpiece to be welded after polishing or cleaning is fixed on weldering
It connects in tooling；
(2) setting laser beam and arc welding gun position: by laser beam and arc welding gun by an axis at serial arrangement, laser beam
Including single focus laser and double focus laser, focal length is fine-tuning between the double focus laser, and 0.1~1mm of changing value is mutually done
Oval crisscross motion, it is light-blocking that the vertical direction between the double focus laser and workpiece is equipped with the laser to move in a circle
Plate, it is saturating that the vertical direction between the double focus laser and workpiece is equipped with the drop deformed in different electric field strength bottom profileds
Mirror is disposed with double focus laser, arc welding gun, single focus laser along weld seam welding direction, and the double focus laser inclines
At being vertically arranged, the single focus laser is last for oblique arc welding gun position setting, the single focus laser and bead direction
Relative to arc welding gun, there are spacing at end；
(3) technological parameter is arranged: setting spot diameter is 4mm, and single focus laser power is 800~1000W, double focus laser function
Rate is 3000~4400W, and arc current is 80~120A, and the chevilled silk of single focus laser and welding wire is away from for 10~16mm, bifocus
For the chevilled silk of laser and welding wire away from for -1~6mm, dry extension of electrode is 10~16mm, and speed of welding is 4~15m/min, wire feed speed
Degree is 5.5~7.5m/min, and laser radiation gas is straight argon, and gas flow is 10~30L/min, and welding gun protective gas is using pure
Argon or argon and CO2 gaseous mixture, gas flow are 20~30L/min；
(4) welding operation: after being provided with welding condition, being first passed through protective gas, then by the electricity on welded workpiece
Then the arc starting the arc makes the laser of welded workpiece electric arc two sides be simultaneously emitted by laser beam, adopts after 1~2s of arc stability
With the weld seam mode that laser is before and after electric arc, electric arc is in, laser head and welding gun are controlled by robot, so that swashing on workpiece
Optical-electronic arc system associated movement completes laser-arc hybrid welding in industry.
2. a kind of method of electric arc auxiliary laser weldering according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described to be obliquely installed
Double focus laser and vertical direction angle are 5 °~15 °, and defocusing amount is -4~+4mm.
3. a kind of method of electric arc auxiliary laser weldering according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the laser light barrier plate
It is uniform circular motion or non-uniform circular motion, the HZ of frequency 50HZ~500.
4. a kind of method of electric arc auxiliary laser weldering according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the liquid lens exist
The curvature defomation on vertical workpiece direction is done in the deformation of varying strength electric field bottom profiled, and 0~2mm of amplitude of deformation causes focus or more
Changing position, Oscillation Amplitude are 0~3mm.
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| CN108213712A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-06-29 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of aluminium alloy laser spot rotates welding with filler wire method |
| US20200246899A1 (en) * | 2019-02-05 | 2020-08-06 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Systems and methods for hybrid laser and arc welding additive manufacturing |
| CN111185666B (en) * | 2020-04-13 | 2020-08-04 | 中国航空制造技术研究院 | Scanning laser-TIG electric arc composite deep melting welding method |
| CN111805087B (en) * | 2020-05-20 | 2022-02-15 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Double-beam laser welding method and welding device |
| CN111673274B (en) * | 2020-05-21 | 2022-03-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Double-beam laser swing welding method for inhibiting welding cracks of high-strength titanium alloy |
| CN112496544A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2021-03-16 | 上海交通大学 | Efficient welding method and device for thin-wall welding titanium tube by arc-assisted laser |
| CN114406622A (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2022-04-29 | 湖南湘投金天新材料有限公司 | Production method of high-strength alloy welded pipe |
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| WO2010061422A1 (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2010-06-03 | パナソニック株式会社 | Composite welding method and composite welding apparatus |
| US8253060B2 (en) * | 2010-06-30 | 2012-08-28 | General Electric Company | Hybrid laser arc welding process and apparatus |
| CN103252589A (en) * | 2012-02-21 | 2013-08-21 | 沈阳新松机器人自动化股份有限公司 | Laser-MAG (Metal-Active-Gas) compound welding method used for welding and splicing high-strength or ultrahigh-strength steel of thick plate |
| JP5869972B2 (en) * | 2012-06-22 | 2016-02-24 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Laser-arc combined welding method |
| CN102848086A (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2013-01-02 | 长春理工大学 | Method for improving strength and flexibility of super strength steel laser-arc hybrid welded joint |
| CN103862178B (en) * | 2014-04-01 | 2015-10-28 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of method eliminating Laser Welding of Aluminum Alloys pore |
| CN105414759B (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2017-05-03 | 北京工业大学 | Laser welding method with focus capable of rotating and vertically vibrating |
| CN106493471A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-03-15 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of method that laser MIG Combined Weldings reduce high-carbon steel weld crack |
| CN106944756A (en) * | 2017-03-05 | 2017-07-14 | 北京工业大学 | The double light beam laser TIG composite welding process that a kind of thin plate butt welding shapes only |
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Application publication date: 20171121 Assignee: INSTITUTE OF LASER AND OPTOELECTRONICS INTELLIGENT MANUFACTURING, WENZHOU University Assignor: Wenzhou University Contract record no.: X2020330000103 Denomination of invention: A method of arc assisted laser welding Granted publication date: 20190531 License type: Common License Record date: 20201125 |
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