CN107356167B - A kind of equidistant fan transfer blasting construction method in the area tunnel Tao Kuocao - Google Patents
A kind of equidistant fan transfer blasting construction method in the area tunnel Tao Kuocao Download PDFInfo
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- CN107356167B CN107356167B CN201710848130.4A CN201710848130A CN107356167B CN 107356167 B CN107356167 B CN 107356167B CN 201710848130 A CN201710848130 A CN 201710848130A CN 107356167 B CN107356167 B CN 107356167B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of equidistant fan transfer blasting construction methods in the area tunnel Tao Kuocao, including, step S1, designing and mapping: reasonable Arrangement blasthole is required according to tunnel lithology grade, tunnel blasting design, CAD software mapping is carried out using equidistant fan transfer method；Step S2, instrument sets up surveying and locating: using the mapping of step S1, a vertical line is vertically made on the contoured surface of blasthole joint position, and sets on vertical line and fixes a setting-out bar or ready-made anchor pole, hangs nylon rope as Loft Line of drilling；Step S3, it drills: using the mapping of step S1, using reference point construction method construction of drilling；Step S4, powder charge, blocking, blasting network connection, warning, detonation charge explosion: are carried out according to the segmentation of each hole charge of design, the specific requirement of charge constitution.Construction method of the invention is easy association, and simple to operation, the cloth hole setting-out of the area face Tao Kuocao is accurate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Tunnel Blasting technical field of construction, and in particular to a kind of equidistant fan transfer in the area tunnel Tao Kuocao is quick-fried
Broken construction method.
Background technique
Tunnel and underground engineering have important role in the development of the national economy, with the rapid hair of nation-building cause
Exhibition, Tunnel Engineering construction have increasing need for solving the problems, such as to get twice the result with half the effort.It is current and it is following in a short time, drilling and blasting method will be
The main means of tunnel piercing, and whether the success of explosion depends on slotting and succeeds, the size of drilling depth depends on the depth of slotting,
So the slotting technology of suitable wall rock condition should be studied, farthest improved under the premise of guaranteeing adjoining rock stability explosion into
Ruler.Cut Blasting is related to blast action, Stress Field Distribution, catalase and throwing overall process, and blast action belongs to three-dimensional again and asks
Topic, and Cut Blasting is Near Blasting problem, mechanical behavior of the blasting medium under Explosion Loading has nonlinear characteristic.
So mathematical analysis, numerical simulation and physical analogy have larger difficulty in Cut Blasting mechanism study, go deep into system
Research is few, and document common at present is mostly the summary of experience carried out according to site operation situation.The mechanism of straight hole slotting at present has
Some preliminary theoretical researches, its essence is the column powder stick powder charges under Single free-face with certain arrangement regulation and firing order
A population hole explosion, and straight hole Cut Blasting parameter can also pass through part of theory calculation formula calculate determine.V-cut
Blast mechanism there is presently no the research achievement of relative maturity, slotting mechanism and blasting parameter research be still in summary of experience and
Experimental stage.
As tunnel constantly tunnels, top mountain height locating for excavation face is continuously increased, and rock crustal stress increases, simultaneously
The ductile strength of country rock is continuously increased, and rock integrity improves, and explosiveness reduces, and it is undesirable slotting effect often occur, equally
Drilling depth, cyclic advance after explosion reduce, or even country rock clipping power occur excessive, Cut Blasting asphyxia by external pressure on the chest and abdomen and half of non-explosion
Removing needs redrilling to mend big gun phenomenon.Therefore, in order to improve, Tunnel Blasting drilling depth is low, slot clipping asphyxia by external pressure on the chest and abdomen, the area Kuo Cao are expanded in slotting
The situations such as rock bank is serious, face is uneven are stayed in explosion.Therefore, in conjunction with domestic project experience and all kinds of slotting technical research at
Fruit optimizes tunnel Long span tunneling boring Cut Blasting construction, to how proper use of V-cut carries out
Tunnel Blasting is studied, it appears very necessary.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, it is big to be primarily adapted for use in each tunnel cross-section to construction method of the invention, and span is big, vehicle
The various complicated geological massif vcehicular tunnels such as road is more, country rock hardness is big, explosiveness is poor or railway, water power and underground space engineering are each
Kind tunnel, cave depot strabismus wedge shot construction；It can be suitably used for the construction of the Cut Blasting of various bores；It is also applied for outdoor
Cut Blasting construction；Construction method of the invention can be improved tunnel Cut Blasting effect, improve blast hole utilizing factor, increase explosion
Cyclic advance reduces by every kilometer of Blasting Excavation number, reduces priming system usage amount, accelerate speed of application, improve work efficiency.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of equidistant fan transfer blasting construction method in the area tunnel Tao Kuocao, comprising the following steps:
Step S1, designing and mapping: Tunnel Blasting drilling includes periphery hole, cushion hole, via hole, cut spreader hole, keyhole,
The blasting parameter for carrying out selecting various blastholes in construction according to the actual situation, is wanted according to tunnel lithology grade, tunnel blasting design
Seek reasonable Arrangement blasthole；CAD software mapping is carried out using equidistant fan transfer method；
Step S2, instrument sets up surveying and locating: using the mapping of step S1, hanging down on the contoured surface of blasthole joint position
A vertical line directly is made, and is set on vertical line and fixes a setting-out bar or ready-made anchor pole, hangs nylon rope as setting-out of drilling
Line；
Step S3, it drills: using the mapping of step S1, using reference point construction method construction of drilling；
Step S4, it charge explosion: is filled according to the segmentation of each hole charge of design, the specific requirement of charge constitution
Medicine, blocking, blasting network connection, warning, detonation.
Preferably, in step sl, the equidistant fan transfer method includes: according to design Hole pattern parameters and country rock feelings
Condition, the aperture of the area face Tao Kuocao blasthole, bottom hole press equidistant placement, make the blasthole extended line joint of fan transfer,
As accurate reference point of drilling.
Preferably, in step s3, the reference point construction method of drilling includes: using trolley length 6m outer edge in tunnel
Road contoured surface corresponding position is drilled as level-one referring generally to point, preparatory aperture；Using each blasthole extended line joint as two
Grade is drilled precision reference point, and laying-down nailing fixes hanging wire at joint, then horizontal tenses survey line check and correction bore angle essence
Degree, appropriate adjustment blowing angle and direction, it is ensured that hole bottom distance is of substantially equal, in the horizontal plane equidistant fan-shaped setting-out, according to Buddhist nun
The angle and direction of dragon rope is drilled to design hole depth.
A kind of technical effect of the equidistant fan transfer blasting construction method in the area tunnel Tao Kuocao of the invention are as follows:
1) construction method is easy association, simple to operation, does not need too accurate surveying and locating instrument and equipment, face
The cloth hole setting-out of the area Tao Kuocao can be relatively accurate.
2) notable feature of equidistant fan transfer method are as follows: graphing method is used, face aperture, bottom hole distinguish equidistant cloth hole,
The blasthole extended line joint for making fan transfer, as accurate reference point of drilling.Using mapping achievement, in joint position
A vertical line is vertically made on contoured surface, and sets on vertical line and fixes a setting-out bar or ready-made anchor pole, is hung nylon rope and is made
For Loft Line of drilling, fan-shaped setting-out is used in the horizontal plane, using fan-shaped characteristic, so that the hole between keyhole, cut spreader hole
Bottom burden is also uniformly equidistant, and drill direction, angle, depth, position of every artillery salvo hole has something to base on, theoretical method and practice
It can corroborate each other and examine.
3) equidistant fan transfer method is eliminated inclined hole V-cut area and is expanded between three-dimensional " blind area " hole in slot section blasthole bottom
Cloth hole non-uniform phenomenon.So that inclined hole V-cut expands explosive energy in slot region apertures and is evenly distributed rationally, between Kong Yukong
Synergy effect further enhances.Can ensure that and parent rock is sufficiently disengaged from each hole bottom by quick-fried country rock, by explosion rock crushing without
Bulk is slagged tap convenient for mechanization.
4) because being practiced using theoretical diagraphy guiding construction, elimination Tunnel Blasting drilling setting-out blindness is random, not only
Steel for shot is uniform, can also promote blasthole bottom that can fall substantially in one plane, and face is more smooth after explosion, can mention
High single blasting hole utilization rate increases the explosion cyclic advance of same drilling depth, improves work efficiency.
This method construction effect is high, safe and reliable, the construction period is short, construction investment economical rationality.
The present invention compares conventional tunnel Cut Blasting method, also has the advantage that
1) innovative " equidistant fan transfer method " is used in engineering practice, the mapping guiding construction practice of CAD theory, simply
Understandable setting out method of drilling greatly improves the area Tao Kuocao in three-dimensional space blasthole direction, angle, deep-controlled accurate
Property and operability；The aperture bottom hole equidistant placement of fining, explosive energy are more equal in Upon Blasting for Tunnel Driving three-dimensional spatial distribution
It is even reasonable, improve explosive energy utilization rate.
2) upgrading synergy is innovated: because promoting explosive energy in tunnel piercing three using the Cut Blasting technology after optimization
Dimension space rationally utilizes, and relative to " indigenous method " for not adding scientific guidance, face is more smooth after explosion, follows in design driving
On ring drilling depth, the cyclic advance actually obtained is not only bigger and more guaranteed, to reduce the tunnel boring of unit milimeter number, dress
Medicine, the times such as warning, divulge information, slag tap, getting rid of the danger, reduce the waste of priming system, while reducing hard rock clipping asphyxia by external pressure on the chest and abdomen and mending big gun number, drop
This synergy is obvious, moves upgrading synergy with innovation.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that each blasthole of preferred embodiments of the present invention is drilled state modulator schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the wedge shot blasthole floor plan of preferred embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the wedge shot blasthole facade layout drawing of preferred embodiments of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1-3, a kind of equidistant fan transfer blasting construction method in the area tunnel Tao Kuocao, comprising the following steps:
Step S1, designing and mapping: Tunnel Blasting drilling form be generally divided into periphery hole, cushion hole (two circle eye), via hole,
Cut spreader hole, keyhole etc. should carry out selecting according to the actual situation the blasting parameter of various blastholes, according to tunnel lithology in construction
The reasonable Arrangements blastholes such as grade, tunnel blasting design requirement.To meet boring direction and Hole pattern parameters required precision, using " etc.
Away from fan transfer method " carry out CAD software mapping, it may be assumed that according to design Hole pattern parameters and country rock situation, the area face Tao Kuocao
By equidistant placement, the blasthole for making fan transfer is prolonged for the aperture of (other region steel for shot are not described here in detail) blasthole, bottom hole
Long line joint, as accurate reference point of drilling.
Step S2, instrument sets up surveying and locating: using mapping achievement, vertically doing on the contoured surface of blasthole joint position
A vertical line out, and set on vertical line and fix a setting-out bar or ready-made anchor pole, nylon rope is hung as Loft Line of drilling.
Step S3, it drills: using mapping achievement, using reference point construction method of drilling: " level-one reference point of drilling spuds in,
Second level drill reference point adjustment " construction method.That is: reinforce field management, using trolley length 6m outer edge in tunnel contour face
Corresponding position is drilled as level-one referring generally to point, preparatory aperture；It drills essence using each blasthole extended line joint as second level
Reference point is spent, laying-down nailing fixes hanging wire at joint, then the horizontal survey line that tenses proofreads bore angle precision, appropriate to adjust
Whole blowing angle and direction can ensure that hole bottom distance is of substantially equal, in the horizontal plane equidistant fan-shaped setting-out, and drilling machine hand is according to Buddhist nun
The angle and direction of dragon rope is drilled to design hole depth；Scene can be solved very well causes blowing angle, side without high-precision measuring tool
To that can not position and precision problem, each equal equidistant placement of round, voluntarily cloth hole setting-out is simple and convenient by drilling personnel, also solve because
Cloth hole is unreasonable to cause the area Tunnel Blasting Zhu Bao explosive energy irrational distribution, self folder of slot blast hole bottom hard surrounding rock is expanded in slotting
Asphyxia by external pressure on the chest and abdomen phenomenon processed, can effectively improve cyclic advance.
Step S4, it charge explosion: is filled according to specific requirements such as each hole charge segmentation of design, charge constitutions
Medicine, blocking, blasting network connection, warning, detonation.
It above are only a specific embodiment of the invention, but the design concept of the present invention is not limited to this, all utilizations
This design makes a non-material change to the present invention, and should all belong to behavior that violates the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of equidistant fan transfer blasting construction method in the area tunnel Tao Kuocao, it is characterised in that: the following steps are included:
Step S1, designing and mapping: Tunnel Blasting drilling includes periphery hole, cushion hole, via hole, cut spreader hole, keyhole, is being constructed
In carry out selecting the blasting parameters of various blastholes according to the actual situation, require to close according to tunnel lithology grade, tunnel blasting design
Removing the work sets blasthole；CAD software mapping is carried out using equidistant fan transfer method, the equidistant fan transfer method includes: basis
Design Hole pattern parameters and country rock situation, the aperture of the area face Tao Kuocao blasthole, bottom hole press equidistant placement, make fan transfer
Blasthole extended line joint, as accurate reference point of drilling；
Step S2, instrument sets up surveying and locating: using the mapping of step S1, vertically doing on the contoured surface of blasthole joint position
A vertical line out, and set on vertical line and fix a setting-out bar or ready-made anchor pole, nylon rope is hung as Loft Line of drilling；
Step S3, it drills: using the mapping of step S1, using reference point construction method construction of drilling；
Step S4, charge explosion: powder charge is carried out according to the segmentation of each hole charge of design, the specific requirement of charge constitution, is blocked up
Plug, blasting network connection, warning, detonation.
2. the equidistant fan transfer blasting construction method in the area tunnel Tao Kuocao according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step
In rapid S3, the reference point construction method of drilling includes:
It is drilled as level-one referring generally to point, preparatory aperture using trolley length 6m outer edge in tunnel contour face corresponding position；
It drills precision reference point using each blasthole extended line joint as second level, laying-down nailing fixes hanging wire at joint,
The horizontal survey line that tenses proofreads bore angle precision, appropriate adjustment blowing angle and direction again, it is ensured that hole bottom distance is equal, in level
Equidistant sector setting-out on face, drills according to the angle and direction of nylon rope to design hole depth.
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| CN108398064A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-08-14 | 福建海峡科化富兴建设工程有限公司 | A kind of room-and-pillar method goaf partition board construction of explosion setting out method |
| CN109682270A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-04-26 | 湖北宜化江家墩矿业有限公司 | A kind of construction technology for tunneling keyhole |
| CN111623677B (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2022-04-12 | 山东省淮海工程建设监理有限公司 | Pilot hole smooth blasting construction method and blast hole positioning device |
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Address after: 361021 Yinjiang Road 139, Jimei District, Xiamen City, Fujian Province Co-patentee after: CCCC FIRST HIGHWAY ENGINEERING GROUP Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: CCCC FIRST HIGHWAY XIAMEN ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. Address before: 361021 Yinjiang Road 139, Jimei District, Xiamen City, Fujian Province Co-patentee before: CCCC FIRST HIGHWAY ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: CCCC FIRST HIGHWAY XIAMEN ENGINEERING Co.,Ltd. |
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