CN109682270A - A kind of construction technology for tunneling keyhole - Google Patents
A kind of construction technology for tunneling keyhole Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109682270A CN109682270A CN201910085049.4A CN201910085049A CN109682270A CN 109682270 A CN109682270 A CN 109682270A CN 201910085049 A CN201910085049 A CN 201910085049A CN 109682270 A CN109682270 A CN 109682270A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- meters
- blasthole
- artillery salvo
- row
- hole
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/22—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor for ores, e.g. mining placers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
- F42D1/08—Tamping methods; Methods for loading boreholes with explosives; Apparatus therefor
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
Abstract
Technical solution of the present invention provides a kind of construction technology for tunneling keyhole, artillery salvo hole site is marked in driving face, artillery salvo hole site includes 5 artillery salvo holes, every artillery salvo hole at least four blasthole composition, according to pricker under the mark position of artillery salvo hole, is incremented by from first row artillery salvo hole construction direction with face angle by row, artillery salvo hole blocks blasthole aperture using stemming, it is successively increased from the sequence successively powder charge of first row artillery salvo hole using detonator delaying blasting from the first row artillery salvo hole burst time.Using technical solution of the present invention when phosphorus ore body is tunneled to 5.0 meters wide, high 3.5 meters of driving faces, it is incrementally increased from 20 ° to 90 ° by control blasthole direction and face angle, optimize steel for shot mode, split run the number of the boring hole reduces 27%, it saves the rock drilling time 1-1.5 hours, explosive consumption reduces 0.25kg/ tons, reduces the discharge of explosion polluted gas；Keyhole technological improvement is tunneled by optimization steel for shot, control blasthole construction angle amounts to blasthole number 32 without snubber of constructing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of modified keyhole construction technologies, exploit rock drilling and explosion link for underground phosphorus ore, lead to
Reasonable Arrangement different location borehole depth and angle are crossed, demolition effect is can reach without snubber of constructing, reduces the rock drilling time
And explosive consumption.
Background technique
Explosion is one of the key technology in mine construction and recovery process, and underground mine exploitation at present mostly uses eyelet quick-fried
Broken method through powder charge, is put into the processes such as detonating capsule, blocking aperture, on line that is, by construction snubber, reliever, periphery hole
It is quick-fried.Wherein the part rock in working face first can be crushed by snubber, form the new scope of freedom, be the explosion of other boreholes
It creates favorable conditions, the arrangement of snubber has conclusive influence to blasting efficiency, explosive consumption, rock drilling time etc..
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is optimization steel for shot position and blasthole angle, improves data of explosive filled, reaches shortening rock drilling
Time improves blasting efficiency, reduces explosive consumption and drops bottom energy consumption and the clean manufacturing new technology of pollution, new process.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this: a kind of construction technology for tunneling keyhole is marked in driving face and is arranged
Blasthole position, artillery salvo hole site include 5 artillery salvo holes, every artillery salvo hole at least four blasthole composition, according under the mark position of artillery salvo hole
Pricker is incremented by from first row artillery salvo hole construction direction with face angle by row, and artillery salvo hole blocks blasthole aperture using stemming, from the
Several rows of blasthole sequence successively powder charge is successively increased using detonator delaying blasting from the first row artillery salvo hole burst time.
Further preferred embodiment is that the keyhole includes 7 row's artillery salvo holes, and odd row blasthole is 5, and even rows blasthole is 4
Blasthole composition.
Wall 1.8-2.2 meters is helped apart from tunnel from the first perpendicular column artillery salvo hole, the spacing point between first to the 7th row's artillery salvo hole
Not Wei 0.35-0.45 meters, 0.4-0.5 meters, 0.5-0.6 meters, 0.5-0.6 meters, 0.5-0.6 meters, 0.4-0.5 meters, between longitudinal blasthole
Away from 0.8-0.9 meters.
Further preferred embodiment is to help 2.0 meters of wall apart from tunnel from the first perpendicular column artillery salvo hole, first to the 7th row's artillery salvo hole
Between spacing be respectively 0.40 meter, 0.45 meter, 0.55 meter, 0.55 meter, 0.55 meter, 0.45 meter, 0.85 meter of longitudinal blasthole spacing.
The hole depth in from first to the 7th row's artillery salvo hole is respectively 2.0-2.4 meters, 2.8-3.2 meters, 2.4-2.8 meters, 0.1-2.5
Rice, 2.0-2.4 meters, 1.9-2.4,1.8-2.2 meters.
Further preferred embodiment be the hole depth in first to the 7th row's artillery salvo hole be respectively 2.20 meters, 3.00 meters, 2.60 meters,
2.30 meters, 2.20 meters, 2.10,2.00 meters.
The angle of from first to the 7th row's artillery salvo hole and face is respectively 18-25 °, 35-45 °, 48-55 °, 58-65 °,
68-75°、78-85°、88-95°。
Further preferred embodiment be the angle of first to the 7th row's artillery salvo hole and face be respectively 20 °, 40 °, 50 °,
60°、70°、80°、90°。
With stemming, (stemming is using the mud of underground sedimentation basin precipitating through plate and frame filter press filters pressing at mud in the blasthole aperture
After cake, it is made in filling to plastic casing, the single long 200-300mm of stemming, diameter 35mm) 0.3-0.5 meters are blocked, preferably
0.4 meter.
2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. the detonation of first to the 7th row's artillery salvo hole is followed successively by the and 1. erects the explosion at first of column blasthole, according still further to
Sequence successively explosion.
Cut Blasting is the snubber among first explosion in technical solution of the present invention, and reliever and periphery hole utilize slotting
The space that eye explosion is formed is as the scope of freedom, and explosion one by one, the scope of freedom is consistent with tunnelling direction, therefore each borehole is parallel to each other
And it is consistent with tunnelling direction.The technique is each artillery salvo hole successively explosion one by one using face as the explosion scope of freedom, from
It is orthogonal with tunneling direction by face (face), therefore each borehole is mutually in a certain angle and gradually adjusts to consistent with tunneling direction.
Borehole spacing is related with rock stratum hardness (minimum burden), and rock phosphate in powder hardness is about 8, through theoretical calculations incorporated field experience,
Away from 1m is usually no more than, it is advisable with 0.8m.To guarantee that each borehole bottom hole is fallen on same vertical plane, with guarantee after explosion tunnel at
Type effect, at the same because each borehole angle is different, therefore the depth of every artillery salvo eye is different, and is influenced by span length, drill steel is super
3m is crossed, construction space is inadequate, can not operate.
The technique is mainly using existing face as the scope of freedom, without forming freedom by snubber explosion of constructing
Face, therefore blasthole number and explosive specific charge can be reduced.
44, borehole are needed with equal section burn cut rock drilling, explosive specific charge 0.56kg/t；The technique carries out construction borehole 32
A, explosive specific charge 0.39kg/t compares burn cut, and 1. borehole number is few, and the working time is short, and labor intensity is low, 2. explosive list
Consume it is low, it is at low cost.
According to the blasting technology of test, at 5 meters of back production width, at 3.5 meters of height, at roadway layout blasthole 32, explosive
0.39kg/ tons of consumption, more former burn cut is compared, and the number of the boring hole reduces 27%, is saved the rock drilling time 1-1.5 hours, explosive consumption
Reduce 0.25kg/ tons.By river man pier 300,000 tons/year of AOF calculations of mine, 76.95 ten thousand yuan of explosive cost can be reduced every year, economy
Remarkable benefit.
Driving steel for shot and Charge provided by the present invention improve, compared with traditional eyelet blasting technique, because
Without snubber of constructing, reduce blasthole number so as to shorten the rock drilling time, and by optimization steel for shot, using plug-hole skill
Art improves blasting efficiency, reduces explosive consumption.The blasting technique be the clean manufacturing new technology for reducing energy consumption and pollution,
New process.
Snubber technological improvement is tunneled, in phosphorus ore body driving, to blasthole form of construction work in burn cut technical foundation
And program improves, and improves charging means, reaches and reduces the split run rock drilling time, reduces labor intensity, while reducing explosive and disappearing
Consumption, increases economic efficiency, and reduces the generation and discharge of polluted gas after explosion, is conducive to air environment protection.The technology is different
It can reach without snubber of constructing quick-fried in traditional Cut Blasting by reasonable Arrangement different location borehole depth and angle
Broken effect, reduces rock drilling time and explosive consumption.The technology focuses on arranging blasthole position, spacing, blast hole depth and apply
Work angle.Phosphorus ore body tunnels keyhole technological improvement, to 5.0 meters wide, high 3.5 meters of driving faces, by controlling blasthole direction
It is incrementally increased from 20 ° to 90 ° with face angle, optimizes steel for shot mode, split run the number of the boring hole reduces 27%, saves rock drilling
Time 1-1.5 hour, explosive consumption reduce 0.25kg/ tons, reduce the discharge of explosion polluted gas；It is logical to tunnel keyhole technological improvement
Optimization steel for shot is crossed, control blasthole construction angle amounts to blasthole number 32 without snubber of constructing.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is blasthole floor plan.
Fig. 2 is blasthole diagrammatic cross-section.
Fig. 3 is blast hole projectile filling schematic diagram.
In figure, 1.-it is 7. the 1st vertical setting of types blasthole to the 7th vertical setting of types blasthole.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
According to roadway rock drilling needs, using pusher leg drill rock drilling three, the drill steel 2-3 root of mating 38 drill bit of φ, rock drilling depth
2-3 meters of degree.Specific construction technique is as follows:
1, blasters' permit marks each blasthole position at working face scene by blasthole floor plan, amounts to blasthole number 32.The
1. perpendicular column distance tunnel helps 2.0 meters of wall, 1. the is respectively 0.40 meter, 0.45 meter, 0.55 meter, 0.55 to the spacing between column is 7. erected
Rice, 0.55 meter, 0.45 meter, 0.85 meter of longitudinal blasthole spacing are distributed in plum blossom-shaped (see figure between odd column blasthole and even column blasthole
1).
2, rock drilling personnel press the construction of tunnel design grade according to steel for shot position construction blasthole, all blastholes, but not
Different from face angle with blasthole, blast hole depth is different.The 1. to the angle for 7. erecting column blasthole and face be respectively 20 °,
40°,50°,60°,70°,80°,90°；1. the is respectively 2.2 meters, 3.0 meters, 2.6 meters, 2.3 meters, 2.2 to column blast hole depth is 7. erected
Rice, 2.1 meters, 2.0 meters of (see figure 2)s, 2., 3., 4. the erects column blasthole first uses 2 meters of drill steels drivings, then with 3 meters of drill steels intensifications.
3, by 1. to the sequence powder charge for 7. erecting column, being successively increased using detonator delay time, (1. i.e. the erects column to dynamiter
Blasthole explosion at first, according still further to the successively explosion of sequence 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.), aperture blocks 0.4 meter with stemming, then connects
Initiation net explosion.
Embodiment 2
According to roadway rock drilling needs, using pusher leg drill rock drilling three, the drill steel 2-3 root of mating 38 drill bit of φ, rock drilling depth
2-3 meters of degree.Specific construction technique is as follows:
1, blasters' permit marks each blasthole position at working face scene by blasthole floor plan, amounts to blasthole number 32, should
Keyhole includes 7 row's artillery salvo holes, and odd row blasthole is 5, and even rows blasthole is 4 blasthole compositions.1. the erects column distance tunnel
2.0 meters of wall of side, 1. the is respectively 0.44 meter, 0.4 meter, 0.6 meter, 0.6 meter, 0.6 meter, 0.4 meter to the spacing 7. erected between column, is indulged
To 0.9 meter of blasthole spacing, (see figure 1) is distributed in plum blossom-shaped between odd column blasthole and even column blasthole.
2, rock drilling personnel press the construction of tunnel design grade according to steel for shot position construction blasthole, all blastholes, but not
Different from face angle with blasthole, blast hole depth is different.The 1. to the angle for 7. erecting column blasthole and face be respectively 18 °,
45°,55°,65°,75°,85°,95°；1. the is respectively 2.4 meters, 3.2 meters, 2.4 meters, 1.0 meters, 2.0 to column blast hole depth is 7. erected
Rice, 2.0 meters, 1.8 meters of (see figure 2)s, 2., 3., 4. the erects column blasthole first uses 2 meters of drill steels drivings, then with 3 meters of drill steels intensifications.
3, by 1. to the sequence powder charge for 7. erecting column, being successively increased using detonator delay time, (1. i.e. the erects column to dynamiter
Blasthole explosion at first, according still further to the successively explosion of sequence 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.), aperture blocks 0.4 meter with stemming, then connects
Initiation net explosion.
Embodiment 3
According to roadway rock drilling needs, using pusher leg drill rock drilling three, the drill steel 2-3 root of mating 38 drill bit of φ, rock drilling depth
2-3 meters of degree.Specific construction technique is as follows:
1, blasters' permit marks each blasthole position at working face scene by blasthole floor plan, amounts to blasthole number 32, should
Keyhole includes 7 row's artillery salvo holes, and odd row blasthole is 5, and even rows blasthole is 4 blasthole compositions.1. the erects column distance tunnel
2.0 meters of wall of side, 1. the is respectively 0.35 meter, 0.5 meter, 0.5 meter, 0.5 meter, 0.5 meter, 0.5 meter to the spacing 7. erected between column, is indulged
To 0.9 meter of blasthole spacing, (see figure 1) is distributed in plum blossom-shaped between odd column blasthole and even column blasthole.
2, rock drilling personnel press the construction of tunnel design grade according to steel for shot position construction blasthole, all blastholes, but not
Different from face angle with blasthole, blast hole depth is different.The 1. to the angle for 7. erecting column blasthole and face be respectively 25 °,
35°,50°,58°,68°,78°,88°；1. the is respectively 2.0 meters, 2.8 meters, 2.8 meters, 2.5 meters, 2.4 to column blast hole depth is 7. erected
Rice, 2.4 meters, 2.2 meters of (see figure 2)s, 2., 3., 4. the erects column blasthole first uses 2 meters of drill steels drivings, then with 3 meters of drill steels intensifications.
3, by 1. to the sequence powder charge for 7. erecting column, being successively increased using detonator delay time, (1. i.e. the erects column to dynamiter
Blasthole explosion at first, according still further to the successively explosion of sequence 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.), aperture blocks 0.4 meter with stemming, then connects
Initiation net explosion.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of construction technology for tunneling keyhole, which is characterized in that mark artillery salvo hole site, artillery salvo hole location in driving face
It sets including 5 artillery salvo holes, every artillery salvo hole at least four blasthole composition according to pricker under the mark position of artillery salvo hole, is applied from first row artillery salvo hole
Work direction is incremented by by row with face angle, and artillery salvo hole blocks blasthole aperture using stemming, successively from first row artillery salvo hole sequence
Powder charge is successively increased using detonator delaying blasting from the first row artillery salvo hole burst time.
2. the construction technology of driving keyhole according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the keyhole includes 7 row's artillery salvos
Hole, odd row blasthole are 5, and even rows blasthole is 4 blasthole compositions.
3. the construction technology of driving keyhole according to claim 2, which is characterized in that from the first perpendicular column artillery salvo hole distance
Tunnel helps wall 1.8-2.2 meters, the spacing between first to the 7th row's artillery salvo hole is respectively 0.35-0.45 meters, 0.4-0.5 meters,
0.5-0.6 meters, 0.5-0.6 meters, 0.5-0.6 meters, 0.4-0.5 meters, 0.8-0.9 meters of longitudinal blasthole spacing.
4. the construction technology of driving keyhole according to claim 2, which is characterized in that from the first perpendicular column artillery salvo hole distance
Tunnel helps 2.0 meters of wall, the spacing between first to the 7th row's artillery salvo hole is respectively 0.40 meter, 0.45 meter, 0.55 meter, 0.55 meter,
0.55 meter, 0.45 meter, 0.85 meter of longitudinal blasthole spacing.
5. it is according to claim 2 driving keyhole construction technology, which is characterized in that first to the 7th row's artillery salvo hole it
Hole depth is respectively 2.0-2.4 meters, 2.8-3.2 meters, 2.4-2.8 meters, 0.1-2.5 meters, 2.0-2.4 meters, 1.9-2.4,1.8-2.2
Rice.
6. it is according to claim 2 driving keyhole construction technology, which is characterized in that first to the 7th row's artillery salvo hole it
Hole depth is respectively 2.20 meters, 3.00 meters, 2.60 meters, 2.30 meters, 2.20 meters, 2.10,2.00 meters.
7. it is according to claim 2 driving keyhole construction technology, which is characterized in that first to the 7th row's artillery salvo hole with
The angle of face is respectively 18-25 °, 35-45 °, 48-55 °, 58-65 °, 68-75 °, 78-85 °, 88-95 °.
8. it is according to claim 2 driving keyhole construction technology, which is characterized in that first to the 7th row's artillery salvo hole with
The angle of face is respectively 20 °, 40 °, 50 °, 60 °, 70 °, 80 °, 90 °.
9. the construction technology of driving keyhole according to claim 1, which is characterized in that blasthole aperture is blocked with stemming
0.3-0.5 meters, the stemming after plate and frame filter press filters pressing is at mud cake, is loaded to modeling using the mud of underground sedimentation basin precipitating
It is made in material casing, the single long 200-300mm of stemming, diameter 35mm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910085049.4A CN109682270A (en) | 2019-01-18 | 2019-01-18 | A kind of construction technology for tunneling keyhole |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910085049.4A CN109682270A (en) | 2019-01-18 | 2019-01-18 | A kind of construction technology for tunneling keyhole |
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ID=66194918
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| CN201910085049.4A Pending CN109682270A (en) | 2019-01-18 | 2019-01-18 | A kind of construction technology for tunneling keyhole |
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Application publication date: 20190426 |