CN107344251A - The mirror image method for milling and system of covering processing - Google Patents
The mirror image method for milling and system of covering processing Download PDFInfo
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- CN107344251A CN107344251A CN201710571555.5A CN201710571555A CN107344251A CN 107344251 A CN107344251 A CN 107344251A CN 201710571555 A CN201710571555 A CN 201710571555A CN 107344251 A CN107344251 A CN 107344251A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q15/00—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
- B23Q15/007—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work while the tool acts upon the workpiece
- B23Q15/12—Adaptive control, i.e. adjusting itself to have a performance which is optimum according to a preassigned criterion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/20—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring workpiece characteristics, e.g. contour, dimension, hardness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/24—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves
- B23Q17/2452—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves for measuring features or for detecting a condition of machine parts, tools or workpieces
- B23Q17/2471—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves for measuring features or for detecting a condition of machine parts, tools or workpieces of workpieces
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Automatic Control Of Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides the mirror image method for milling and system of a kind of covering processing, and it arranges a process tool in finished surface；One group of floating support device, a skin shape laser scanning device, one group of covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus are arranged in the finished surface symmetrical region of covering.The actual type face of covering is obtained first with skin shape laser scanning device before covering processing, machining path is adjusted according to actual type surface self-adaption.Then, floating support device, the covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus cooperative motion of process tool and finished surface symmetrical region in covering process, float support provides the support of covering work pieces process regional flexibility in process, covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus obtains machining area thickness, process tool carries out adaptive adjustment cutting depth according to the practical work piece thickness of measurement, realizes the wall thickness control of covering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to covering manufacture field, in particular it relates to mirror image method for milling and system that covering is processed, especially
Require the mirror image processing method of strict hyperbolic/single wall plate parts with setting for the wall thickness such as large-scale covering and similar workpiece
It is standby.
Background technology
In covering manufacture field, since 1970, the wall thickness such as large-scale covering and similar workpiece require strict hyperbolic/
The widely used chemical milling processing of processing of single wall plate parts.The operation principle of chemical milling is first that workpiece is non-processing
Surface is protected with corrosion-resistant coating, it would be desirable to the surface exposure of processing, is then immersed in chemical solution workpiece and is carried out
Corrosion, metal is dissolved by specific position and remove, reach processing purpose.Chemical milling has the disadvantages that.
1st, chemical milling wall thickness accuracy is difficult to ensure card, chemical milling thickness and precision general ± 0.5mm at present, and large-scale covering wall
Thickness requires to reach ± 0.1mm.
2nd, contour accuracy is poor, and chemical milling region contour generally use craft groove ensures, causes contour accuracy low, reaches
2mm, and the requirement of large-scale covering contour accuracy reaches ± 0.3mm.
3rd, many new coverings can not be processed with chemical milling, if the aluminium lithium alloy covering of type aircraft is due to material property
Chemical milling can not be used to process.
4th, chemical milling pollutant discharge amount is big, and chemical milling principle is chemical solution corrosion, machines heel row amplification
Measure OIW general industries waste material, SIW special industries waste material and VOC volatile organic compounds.
Above-mentioned traditional chemical milling can not meet the strict hyperbolic of wall thickness requirement such as large-scale covering and similar workpiece/
The process requirements of single wall plate parts.
Existing patent document CN104400086A (201410532797.X) discloses a kind of aircraft skin mirror image milling side
Method and equipment, its weak point are that do not have normal direction feed shaft in supporting device and milling attachment, are needed during thickness real-Time Compensation each
The axle coordinated movement of various economic factors compensates action, and collecting thickness compensation from thickness is present compared with large time delay, reduces thickness compensation precision, this
Invention is compensated using normal direction feed shaft W axles according to cutter spacing thickness value and target thickness difference, can be quick along workpiece normal direction
Compensation；In addition, the patent document, which shores side, uses AC double pendulum header structures, easily cause C axles a wide range of in processing covering vertically
Motion, measuring thickness device is caused easily to scratch workpiece surface, the present invention uses AB double pendulum header structures shoring side (i.e. support-side), avoids
The problem of measuring thickness device grand movement；The patent document needs to use flexible vacuum adsorbent equipment auxiliary positioning covering, adds
Need to move repeatedly the framed bent of adsorbent equipment in work, reduce processing efficiency, limit disposable machining area, the present invention is not required to
Flexible vacuum adsorbent equipment auxiliary positioning is wanted, machining area is open, and the side machining area of covering can be processed with clamped one time.
The content of the invention
For in the prior art the defects of, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of covering processing mirror image method for milling with being
System.
The present invention proposes a kind of new (machine) processing self-adapting processing method, and the equipment implemented for this method.
This method is proposed for the strict hyperbolic/single wallboard processing request of large-scale covering and similar workpiece requirement, right
Processed than traditional chemical, large-scale covering requirement on machining accuracy can be ensured, while greatly reduce pollutant emission.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of mirror image milling system of covering processing, including：Positioned at covering plus
Milling side component, the support-side component positioned at the symmetrical surface side of machining area, frame structure frock and the control system of work face area side
System；Covering can be fastened between milling side component and support-side component by frame structure frock；Support-side component includes placing
At least one floating support device, covering wall thickness measuring device and skin shape laser scanning device, milling side is in machining area
Placing milling side component includes at least one process tool；Under control of the control system, support-side component and process side component
Process tool carry out cooperative motion, the position of the normal direction feed shaft of milling side component is real according to the covering wall thickness of support-side component
When the machining area covering wall thickness that obtains of measurement apparatus adjust in real time, milling is carried out to the machining area of covering with the thickness of setting
Cut.
The present invention also provides a kind of mirror image method for milling of covering processing, is first moved close to work by support-side component
Part, after covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus obtains thickness of workpiece, the process tool positioned at machining area contacts workpiece again.
The invention particularly relates to a kind of adaptive machining method and system for large-scale covering, it includes：
1) equipment that this method is implemented is divided into milling side, covering, support-side, and milling side is symmetrical relative to covering with support-side
Distribution, covering is vertical to be fixed between milling side, support-side.
2) 1 process tool is installed in milling side, and support-side installs 1 set of floating support device, 1 set of covering wall thickness measures in real time
Device, 1 set of skin shape laser scanning device.
3) skin-covering face is measured by skin shape laser scanning device before covering processing, then compensated by machining path
Realize skin morph Self Adaptive Control.
4) side skin wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus, floating support device and milling side process tool are supported in process
Cooperative motion, thickness of workpiece are measured by covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus, workpiece deviation real-time compensation to processing
Tool in Cutting depth, realize covering wall thickness Self Adaptive Control.
According to a feature of the present invention, the cooperative motion of milling side related functioning components and milling side process tool can be with
Realized by the control system of automation.The related functioning components self-movement of milling side, milling can be realized by control system
Side process tool self-movement, the cooperative motion and first three of milling side related functioning components and milling side process tool are transported
Dynamic form any combination.
According to a feature of the present invention, milling side configuration process tool, support-side configures real-time measuring thickness device, branch of floating
Support arrangement, laser measuring device for measuring.Milling side and support-side are 6DOF, including three along X, Y, Z and X ', Y ', Z ' translation
The free degree, and milling side A, C, support-side A ', B ' rotary freedom.Milling side A, C rotary shaft normal direction configuration W axles, support
A ', B ' rotation normal direction configuration W ' axles.Wherein X-axis and X ' axles are the translation shafts moved horizontally relative to covering, and Y-axis, Y ' axles are
Relative to the translation shaft of covering vertical shift, Z axis, Z ' axles are relative to the movable translation shaft of covering, rotary shaft A ' axle axles
Line is parallel to X ' axles, and rotary shaft B ' diameter parallels are in Y ' axles, and rotary shaft A axles diameter parallel is in X-axis, rotary shaft C axle diameter parallels
In Z axis, normal direction movement W axles in milling side are used for process tool in covering wall thickness adaptive machining and adjusted in real time, and support-side normal direction is moved
Dynamic W ' axles are used for workpiece pressure in covering wall thickness adaptive machining and adjusted in real time.
A feature of the present invention, skin shape laser scanning device are configured at support-side, are swept for skin part profile
Retouch.After the completion of scanning, by control system mean camber compensating module, according to TP, program point and processing axle are processed
Line automatic adjusument, realize skin morph Self Adaptive Control.
According to a feature of the present invention, covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus is in support-side.Covering wall thickness measures dress in real time
Put and covering wall thickness measuring is carried out using ultrasonic wave, ultrasonic coupling agent is used as using working fluid.To ensure measurement data accuracy, cover
Skin wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus configuration support side skin normal direction self-adaption regulation system, covering pressure adaptive regulating system and
Working fluid pressure adaptive regulating system.Real-time covering wall thickness measuring is carried out simultaneously with processing, and workpiece feeds back to control
In system, control system realizes the real-time adjustment of process tool cutting-in by adjusting W shaft positions, realizes skin part according to predetermined
Thickness machining control.
According to a feature of the present invention, covering normal direction self-adaption regulation system is real by multiple uniform displacement transducers
When obtain machining area workpiece normal direction and by adjusting A ' axles, B ' axles ensure real-time covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus axis of movement
It is unified with machining area workpiece normal orientation.
According to a feature of the present invention, covering pressure adaptive regulating system, by detect measuring thickness device and workpiece it
Between pressure, control the motion of normal direction W axles in real time according to the pressure value measured, the purpose is to ensure real-time measuring thickness device and covering
Fitting completely, also ensure that the couplant post required for thickness measure, avoid the excessive waste of couplant, also, pass through reality
When pressure feedback value, avoid that pressure is excessive to scratch workpiece surface and abrasion gauge head surface.
According to a feature of the present invention, working fluid pressure adaptive regulating system refer to by monitor water injection pressure come
Couplant needed for obtaining and compensate in real time, makes ultrasonic probe steady operation.
According to a feature of the present invention, the floating support device being configured at.Floating support device has soft no less than 6
Property the strong point, measuring thickness device is circumferentially distributed in real time around flexible support point, provides flexible prop up in process for skin part
Support, reduce the vibrations in covering process.Preferably, each flexible support can self-movement.Floating support device is to covering
The support force provided is adjustable, there is provided skin-surface is not damaged while support stiffness.
According to the preferred but inessential feature of the present invention, covering is vertical to be fixed between milling side, support-side.This hair
In the equipment of bright description, covering special framework structure frock is configured, for realizing covering vertical unit.Preferably, frock framework
Structure is inShape, framework tundish contain a removable column, the skin part clamping for compatible different in width.It is preferred that
, the flexible clamping arm with power-assisted is distributed in frock frame structure inner homogeneous, for different shape skin part clamping.
Brief description of the drawings
The detailed description made by reading with reference to the following drawings to non-limiting example, further feature of the invention,
Objects and advantages will become more apparent upon：
Fig. 1 is a kind of general schematic perspective view of preferred implementing form of the process equipment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the process equipment support-side and milling sidepiece part scheme of installation of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the process equipment process tool, the online wall thickness measuring device of covering, covering normal direction schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the process equipment milling sidepiece part structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is frame structure frock schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is processing method covering wall thickness control schematic block diagram of the present invention.
Shown in figure：
Process equipment 1
Covering 2
Milling side component 3
X-axis moving component 7, Y-axis moving component 8, Z axis moving component 9, A axles rotary part 11, C axles rotary part 10, W
Axle moving component 12, spindle unit 13, process tool 14；
Support-side component 4
X ' axles moving component 15, Y ' axles moving component 16, Z ' axles moving component 17, A ' axles rotary part 19, the rotation of B ' axles
Part 18, W ' axles moving component 20, skin shape laser scanning device 21, floating support device 22, covering wall thickness measure in real time
Device 23, normal direction measurement apparatus 26, device for pressure measurement 25, plurality of fluid pressure gauges 24；
Frame structure frock 5
Fixed frame 27, removable column 28, flexible clamping arm 29；
Fixed girder construction 6
Servomechanism 30
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.Following examples will be helpful to the technology of this area
Personnel further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that the ordinary skill to this area
For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, some changes and improvements can also be made.These belong to the present invention
Protection domain.
The present invention relates to the mirror image method for milling and system of a kind of covering processing.The present invention arranges in the finished surface of covering
One process tool；Arrange that one group of floating support device, a skin shape laser are swept in the finished surface symmetrical region of covering
Imaging apparatus, one group of covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus.Obtain and cover first with skin shape laser scanning device before covering processing
Sturdy border type face, machining path is adjusted according to actual type surface self-adaption.Then, process tool and processing table in covering process
The floating support device of face symmetrical region, real covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus cooperative motion, float support carries in process
For covering work pieces process regional flexibility support, covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus obtain machining area thickness, process tool according to
The practical work piece thickness of measurement carries out adaptive adjustment cutting depth, realizes the wall thickness control of covering.
The milling system of covering processing provided by the invention includes process equipment 1.Fig. 1 show process equipment 1, described to add
Construction equipment 1 can realize the adaptive machining of covering 2, and covering 2 has the spies such as complicated, rigidity is weak, wall thickness accuracy requirement is strict
Point.Process equipment 1 includes：Milling side component 3, support-side component 4, frame structure frock 5, fixed girder construction 6.Milling side component
3rd, support-side component 4 is symmetrical relative to covering 2, and covering 2 is vertical to be fixed between milling side component 3, support-side component 4.
Milling side component 3 includes X-axis moving component 7, Y-axis moving component 8, Z axis moving component 9, A axles rotary part 11, C
Axle rotary part 10, W axles moving component 12, spindle unit 13, process tool 14.
Milling side component 3 and support-side component 4 are 6DOF.6 frees degree of milling side component 3 are included along X, Y, Z
The translation freedoms of axle, and A axles, C axles, W axles；Wherein, the A axles of milling side component 3, C method of principal axes to configuration W axles, milling side group
The normal direction movement W axles of part 3 are used for process tool in covering wall thickness adaptive machining and adjusted in real time.6 freedom of support-side component 4
Degree include along X ', Y ', Z ' axles translation freedoms, and A ' axles, B ' axles, W ' axles；Wherein, the A ' axles of support-side component 4, B ' axles
Normal direction configures W ' axles, and the normal direction movement W ' axles of support-side component 4 are used for workpiece pressure in covering wall thickness adaptive machining and adjusted in real time
It is whole；Axle X, Z and axle X ', Z ' define generally parallel vertical plane.
Support-side component 4 include X ' axles moving component 15, Y ' axles moving component (16, Z ' axles moving component 17, B ' axles rotation
Part 18, A ' axles rotary part 19, W ' axles moving component 20, skin shape laser scanning device 21, floating support device 22, illiteracy
Skin wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23, plurality of fluid pressure gauges 24, device for pressure measurement 25, normal direction measurement apparatus 26.
Covering 2 scans the profile of workpiece covering by skin shape laser scanning device 21 before processing, measure skin-covering face,
Then skin morph Self Adaptive Control is realized by machining path compensation, specifically, after the completion of scanning, by the song in control system
Face compensating module, according to TP, program point and processing axis automatic adjusument are processed, realizes that skin morph is adaptive
It should control.
In process, covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23, floating support device 22 and the milling of support-side component 4
The cooperative motion of process tool 14 of side component 3, the thickness of covering 2 are measured by covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23, are covered
The wall thickness deviation real-Time Compensation of skin 2 realizes covering wall thickness Self Adaptive Control to the cutting depth of process tool 14.
Covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23 carries out covering wall thickness measuring using ultrasonic wave, and ultrasonic coupling is used as using working fluid
Mixture.To ensure measurement data accuracy, covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23 configures normal direction measurement apparatus 26, pressure measxurement dress
Put 25 and plurality of fluid pressure gauges 24.Real-time covering wall thickness measuring is carried out simultaneously with processing, and workpiece feeds back to control
In system, control system realizes the real-time adjustment of the cutting-in of process tool 14 by adjusting W shaft positions, realizes skin part according to pre-
Determine thickness machining control.
Normal direction measurement apparatus 26 is to obtain machining area workpiece normal direction on covering 2 in real time by multiple uniform displacement transducers
And by adjusting the axis of movement and machining area workpiece of A ' axles, B ' shaft angles degree guarantee covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23 in real time
Normal orientation is unified.
Device for pressure measurement 25, by detecting the pressure between covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23 and workpiece, according to survey
The pressure value obtained controls the motion of normal direction W ' axles in real time, and the purpose is to ensure that covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23 is complete with covering
Fitting, also ensure that the couplant post required for thickness measure, avoid the excessive waste of couplant, also, by real-time
Pressure feedback value, avoid the excessive scuffing workpiece surface of pressure and abrasion gauge head surface.
Plurality of fluid pressure gauges 24 refer to by monitor water injection pressure come in real time obtain and compensate needed for couplant, make to surpass
Sonic probe steady operation.
Floating support device 22, which has, is no less than 6 flexible support points, and flexible support point measures dress in real time along covering wall thickness
Put 23 it is circumferentially distributed, provide flexible support for skin part in process, reduce the vibrations in covering process.It is excellent
Choosing, each flexible support can self-movement.The support force that floating support device 22 is provided covering is adjustable, there is provided support is firm
Skin-surface is not damaged while spending.
Frame structure frock 5 includes fixed frame 27, removable column 28, flexible clamping arm 29.The removable energy of column 28
It is enough to be moved along fixed frame 27, the skin part clamping for compatible different in width.It is distributed in the inner homogeneous of frame structure frock 5
Flexible clamping arm 29 with power-assisted, for different shape skin part clamping.Equipment is equipped with servomechanism 30 by frame structure work
5 band coverings 2 are filled to move between milling side 3 and support-side 4.
Milling side component 3 uses horizontal type structure, the X-axis moving component 7 of milling side component 3, Y-axis with support-side component 4
Moving component 8, Z axis moving component 9, A axles rotary part 11, C axles rotary part 10, W axles moving component 12 and support-side group
X ' the axles moving component 15 of part 4, Y ' axles moving component 16, Z ' axles moving component (17, A ' axles rotary part 19, B ' axle rotating parts
Part 18, W ' axles moving component 20 are driven using motor, are controlled by control system.The related functioning components of support-side component 4 with
The cooperative motion of the process tool 14 of milling side component 3 can be realized by the control system of automation.Pass through control system
Can be achieved the related functioning components self-movement of support-side component 4, milling side component 3 process tool 14 self-movement, support
The related functioning components of side component 4 and the cooperative motion of the process tool 14 of milling side component 3 and these three forms of motion are any
Combination.
X-axis moving component 7, X ' axles moving component 15 are horizontally disposed relative to covering 2, are moved respectively along X-axis, X ' axles, its
In, X-axis, X ' axles are the translation shafts moved horizontally relative to covering；
Y-axis moving component 8, Y ' axles moving component 16 are arranged vertically relative to covering 2, are moved respectively along Y-axis, Y ' axles, its
In, Y-axis, Y ' axles are the translation shafts relative to covering vertical shift；
Z axis moving component 9, Z ' axles moving component 17 are arranged relative to covering 2 is front and rear, are moved respectively along Z axis, Z ' axles, its
In, Z axis, Z ' axles are the translation shafts moved forward and backward relative to covering；
The rotary shaft A axles of A axles rotary part 11 are parallel to X-axis, and the rotary shaft C axles of C axles rotary part 10 are parallel to Z axis；
Rotary shaft A ' the axles of A ' axles rotary part 19 parallel to X ' axles, the rotary shaft B ' axles of B ' axles rotary part 18 parallel to
Y ' axles.
C axles rotary part 10, A axles rotary part 11, W axles moving component 12 are sequentially connected, W axles moving component 12 along A axles,
C axles axis arranges that process tool 14 is connected to the moving end of W axles moving component 12 by spindle unit 13.
B ' axles rotary part 18, A ' axles rotary part 19, W ' axles moving component 20 are sequentially connected, the edge of W ' axles moving component 20
A ' axles, B ' axles axis arrangement.Skin shape laser scanning device 21, floating support device 22 are located at the end of B ' axles rotary part 18
End, covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23 are located at the end of W ' axles moving component 20, and covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23 is with floating
Central axis overlaps between support meanss 22.
The mirror image method for milling processed according to a kind of covering provided by the invention, wherein, the process of covering 2 is as follows：
Clamping workpiece is adjusted to by step 1, the processing staff of covering 2 by the removable column 28 in frame structure frock 5
Suitable covering clamping scope, the clamping that workpiece covering 2 is then carried out using flexible clamping arm 29 are fixed.
The covering 2 that the clamping of frame structure frock 5 is fixed is moved to by control system after step 2, the clamping of covering 2
Between milling side component 3 and support-side component 4.
Step 3, support-side component 4 drive skin shape laser scanning device 21, measure skin part appearance profile, obtain
Laser data, control system receive laser data and form workpiece with form surface cloud data.The curved surface compensating module of control system, according to
Shape corresponding relation after workpiece with form surface cloud data acquisition clamping between actual covering and design covering, then in theoretical procedures
Working position with processing axis carry out automatic adjusument, obtain workpiece actual processing program.Skin part 2 is protected in scanning process
Hold static.
Step 4, process equipment 1, cooperateed with according to workpiece actual processing programme-control milling side component 3 with support-side component 4
Motion, realizes the processing of skin part predetermined thickness, and wherein predetermined thickness can be equal thickness, or Varying-thickness.Processed
Process tool 14 is cut as the moving end of milling side component 3 for skin part in journey.Covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus
23 end and the machining area back side real-time contact of skin part 2 as support-side component 4, measurement workpiece in real time in process
Thickness.End and covering 2 machining area back side real-time contact of the floating support device 22 as support-side component 4, for processing
During flexible workpiece support, reduce the vibrations of process part.The support force that floating support device 22 is provided covering 2 can
Adjust, there is provided do not damage the surface of covering 2 while support stiffness.
The step 4 comprises the following steps：
The real-time set-up procedure of-normal direction：Covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23 carries out workpiece using ultrasonic wave in process equipment 1
Real-time wall thickness measuring.To ensure the stability of measurement, the inside of covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23 configures normal direction measurement apparatus 26,
For adjusting support-side component A ' axles and B ' shaft angle degree in real time, ensure real-time wall thickness measuring device normal direction and covering Working position method
To consistent.
The real-time set-up procedure of-workpiece pressure：While real-time wall thickness measuring, process equipment 1 is real-time using covering wall thickness
The internal pressure measuring apparatus 25 of measurement apparatus 23, the real-time pressure between detection covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23 and workpiece,
And realize that pressure is constant using the motion control of W ' axles moving component 20 of support-side component 4.
The real-time set-up procedure of-fluid pressure：The real-time wall thickness measuring ultrasonic measurement principle of process equipment 1, use to flow
Liquid is as ultrasonic coupling agent, to ensure that measurement stability causes liquid stabilising output using plurality of fluid pressure gauges 24.
- closed-loop control step：Process equipment 1 can realize covering wall thickness closed-loop control, and step is adjusted in real time according to above-mentioned normal direction
Suddenly after, the real-time set-up procedure of workpiece pressure, the real-time set-up procedure of fluid pressure measure stable wall thickness data, control system according to
The wall thickness requirement that user is set, calculated wall thickness compensation rate, then compensates the cutting depth of process tool 14.Floating support device 22,
Covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23 carries out cooperative motion with the process tool 14_ positioned at machining area, is not synchronized with the movement, by
Floating support device 22, covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23 are first moved close to workpiece, obtain the stable thickness of covering 2
Afterwards, the process tool 14 positioned at machining area contacts covering 2 and carries out machining again.
Step 5, after machining, the covering 2 of the clamping of frame structure frock 5 is moved abjection milling side component by control system
Between 3 and support-side component 4.
Step 6, processing staff dismantle covering workpiece 2.
The specific embodiment of the present invention is described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited in above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make a variety of changes or change within the scope of the claims, this not shadow
Ring the substantive content of the present invention.In the case where not conflicting, the feature in embodiments herein and embodiment can any phase
Mutually combination.
Claims (19)
- A kind of 1. mirror image milling system of covering processing, it is characterised in that including：Milling side group positioned at covering machining area side Part (3), the support-side component (4) positioned at the symmetrical surface side of machining area, frame structure frock (5) and control system；Covering (2) can be fastened between milling side component (3) and support-side component (4) by frame structure frock (5)；Support-side component (4) includes at least one floating support device (22), covering wall thickness measuring device (23) and skin shape Laser scanning device (21), milling side component (3) include at least one process tool (14)；Under control of the control system, the process tool (14) of support-side component (4) and process side component carries out cooperative motion, milling The position for cutting the normal direction feed shaft of side component (3) obtains according to the covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus (23) of support-side component (4) Machining area covering wall thickness adjust in real time, milling is carried out to the machining area of covering (2) with the thickness of setting.
- 2. the mirror image milling system of covering processing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that support-side component (4) includes Skin shape laser scanning device (21)；Skin shape laser scanning device (21) can scan the profile of covering (2), and measurement skin-covering face obtains laser data, controlled System processed receives laser data and forms workpiece with form surface cloud data, according to actual covering after workpiece with form surface cloud data acquisition clamping With the shape corresponding relation between design covering, then the Working position in theoretical procedures and processing axis are adaptively adjusted Section, obtains workpiece actual processing program.
- 3. the mirror image milling system of covering processing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that support-side component (4) includes Floating support device (22)；Floating support device (22) is in contact in cooperative motion along machining area normal direction with covering (2), is provided for covering (2) soft Property support.
- 4. the mirror image milling system of covering processing according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the floating support device (22) support force provided covering (2) can be adjusted, there is provided not damage covering (2) surface while support stiffness.
- 5. the mirror image milling system of covering processing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that support-side component (4) includes Covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus (23)；Covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus (23) measures the machining area thickness of covering (2), milling side in real time in cooperative motion Supplying position on the normal direction feed shaft of process tool (14) machining area of component (3) is adjusted in real time according to machining area thickness It is whole, realize the wall thickness control of covering.
- 6. the mirror image milling system of covering processing according to claim 5, it is characterised in that covering wall thickness measures dress in real time Put (23) to measure using immersion type ultrasonic probe, by setting working fluid to be used as ultrasonic coupling, realize that thickness is real-time Measurement and the storage and transmission of data.
- 7. the mirror image milling system of covering processing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that support-side component (4) also wraps Include normal direction measurement apparatus (26)；Normal direction measurement apparatus (26) is to obtain workpiece normal direction α in support area on covering (2) in real time by multiple displacement transducers, and By adjusting A ' axles in real time, B ' shaft angles degree ensures the axis of movement and machining area workpiece of covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus (23) Normal direction α directions are unified.
- 8. the mirror image milling system of covering processing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that support-side component (4) also wraps Include device for pressure measurement (25)；Device for pressure measurement (25), by detecting pressure of the covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus (23) between workpiece, according to survey The pressure value obtained controls the motion of normal direction W ' axles in real time, to ensure that covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus (23) pastes completely with covering Close, the couplant required for also ensure that thickness measure will not largely overflow, also, by real-time pressure feedback value, avoid Pressure is excessive to scratch workpiece surface and abrasion gauge head surface.
- 9. the mirror image milling system of covering processing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that support-side component (4) also wraps Include plurality of fluid pressure gauges (24)；Plurality of fluid pressure gauges (24) refer to by monitor water injection pressure come in real time obtain and compensate needed for couplant, make ultrasound Ripple probe stationary works.
- 10. the mirror image milling system of covering processing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that milling side component (3) includes Spindle unit (13), process tool (14)；The process tool (14) is processed by excision material, by spindle unit (13) process tool (14) rotation is driven.
- 11. the mirror image milling system of covering processing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that milling side component (3) includes X-axis moving component (7), Y-axis moving component (8), Z axis moving component (9), A axles rotary part (11), C axles rotary part (10), W axles moving component (12), spindle unit (13), process tool (14)；X-axis moving component (7) is horizontally disposed relative to covering (2), is moved along X-axis, wherein, X-axis is moved relative to covering is horizontal Dynamic translation shaft；Y-axis moving component (8) is arranged vertically relative to covering (2), is moved along Y-axis, wherein, Y-axis is relative to covering The translation shaft of vertical shift；Z axis moving component (9) is arranged relative to covering (2) is front and rear, is moved along Z axis, wherein, Z axis is relative In the translation shaft that covering moves forward and backward；The rotary shaft A axles of A axles rotary part (11) parallel to X-axis, C axles rotary part (10) Rotary shaft C axles are parallel to Z axis；C axles rotary part (10), A axles rotary part (11), W axles moving component (12) are sequentially connected, and are put down Moving axis W axles moving component (12) is connected on A axles, and the movement angle of A axles rotary part (11) determines W axles moving component (12) Axis and C axles rotary part (10) axis between angle, process tool (14) is connected to W axles by spindle unit (13) The moving end of moving component (12).
- 12. the mirror image milling system of covering processing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that support-side component (4) includes X ' axles moving component (15), Y ' axles moving component (16), Z ' axles moving component (17), B ' axles rotary part (18), the rotation of A ' axles Part (19), W ' axles moving component (20), skin shape laser scanning device (21), floating support device (22), covering wall thickness Real-time measurement apparatus (23)；X ' axles moving component (15) is horizontally disposed relative to covering (2), is moved along X ' axles, wherein, X ' axles are relative to covering water The dynamic translation shaft of translation；Y ' axles moving component (16) is arranged vertically relative to covering (2), is moved along Y ' axles, wherein, Y ' axles are phases For the translation shaft of covering vertical shift；Z ' axles moving component (17) is arranged relative to covering (2) is front and rear, is moved along Z ' axles, its In, Z ' axles are the translation shafts moved forward and backward relative to covering；Rotary shaft A ' the axles of A ' axles rotary part (18) are parallel to X ' axles, B ' Rotary shaft B ' the axles of axle rotary part (19) are parallel to Y ' axles；A ' axles rotary part (19), B ' axles rotary part (18), W ' axles fortune Dynamic component (20) is sequentially connected, and translation shaft W ' axles moving component (20) is connected on A ' axle rotary parts, A ' axle rotary parts (18) movement angle determines the angle between the axis of W ' axles moving component (20) and the axis of B ' axles rotary part (18)； Skin shape laser scanning device (21), floating support device (22) are located at the end of A ' axles rotary part (19), covering wall thickness Real-time measurement apparatus (23) is located at W ' axles moving component (20) end, and covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus (23) fills with float support The central axis for putting (22) overlaps.
- 13. the mirror image milling system of covering processing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that frame structure frock (5) is wrapped Include fixed frame (27), removable column (28), flexible clamping arm (29)；Removable column (28) can be mobile along fixed frame (27), for compatible various sizes of skin part clamping；In frame The flexible clamping arm (29) of frame structure frock (5) inside points strap power-assisted, the clamping for different shape skin part；Booster engine Structure (30) moves to frame structure frock (5) band covering (2) between milling side component (3) and support-side component (4).
- 14. a kind of mirror image method for milling of covering processing, it is characterised in that first moved close to work by support-side component (4) Part, after covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus (23) obtains thickness of workpiece, the process tool (14) positioned at machining area contacts work again Part.
- 15. the mirror image method for milling of covering processing according to claim 14, it is characterised in that covering (2) to be processed exists It is vertically-mounted in process.
- 16. the mirror image method for milling of covering processing according to claim 14, it is characterised in that pass through skin shape laser Scanning means (21) determines covering machined surface actual geometric configuration before processing, obtains after clamping between actual covering and design covering Shape corresponding relation, before processing according to covering true form adjust processing cutter track.
- 17. the mirror image method for milling of covering according to claim 14 processing, it is characterised in that milling side component (3) with During cooperative motion is processed, covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus (23) is obtained support-side component (4) by real-time thickness measuring Current cutter spacing dot thickness, by comparing actual (real) thickness and pre-setting thickness to adjust the feeding for the W axles for being used as normal direction feed shaft Value and process tool (14) position, control the thickness of covering (2) machining area.
- 18. the mirror image method for milling of covering processing according to claim 14, it is characterised in that process in an initial condition The axial β of axial γ and covering the wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus (23) of cutter (14) is overlapped, in process, process tool (14) With covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus (23) cooperative motion, the normal direction of wall thickness measuring device (23) adjusts in real time, always perpendicular to Workpiece surface, track operations of the axial γ of process tool (14) along amendment post-processing cutter track.
- 19. the mirror image method for milling of covering processing according to claim 14, it is characterised in that utilize claim 1 institute The mirror image milling system for the covering processing stated carries out milling.
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