CN102001025B - Processing precision property online measurement device and method for super-heavy lathe - Google Patents
Processing precision property online measurement device and method for super-heavy lathe Download PDFInfo
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
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Abstract
The invention discloses a processing precision property online measurement device and a processing precision property online measurement method for a super-heavy lathe. Laser spot images are acquired by using a high-speed linear array image sensor, clear spot images are acquired from a group of acquired spot image sequence by using image recovery technology, sub-pixel central points of the spot images are identified by using correlation of pixel gray between the image sequences, and position information on the surface of a rotary workpiece can be effectively acquired by trigonometric imaging path calculation so that the technical defect that the conventional optical measurement method and the conventional optical measurement device cannot effectively acquire the position information on the surface of the rotary workpiece is overcome. Based on the acquired position information on the surface of the rotary workpiece, the developed measurement device is arranged on the heavy lathe; and after finishing a debugging calibration process, the measurement device can realize online on-site measurement of the processing dimension of the rotary workpiece on the heavy lathe, and meanwhile, the measurement system also has the function of positioning the processed workpiece.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to superduty machine tool capability detection technique field, relate to the method that detects online the rotating object surface topography with light as the sensing means, particularly a kind of method and system for the assessment of superduty lathe machining accuracy on-machine measurement.
Background technology
In Aero-Space, large-scale mining machinery, Large Hydropower Station, in the process of the ultra-large workpieces such as nuclear power plant equipment, the superduty lathe is one of its main process equipment.Though domestic superduty lathe is in developing stage at present, the report of existing shaped article outlet.In superduty lathe research and development and use procedure, be a quality control difficult problem to the measurement of ultra-large workpiece processing dimension.This is that if the workpiece take 10 rev/mins of diameters of the speed of mainshaft as 5000mm, the cutting linear velocity of lathe is greater than 100m/min because in the large-scale workpiece process, workpiece is in rotation status.Because the processing work size is large, machining is the process of a long-time continuous processing in addition, and the wearing and tearing of process tool are very important for processing quality control.The online size that detects processing work not only is conducive to the processing quality control of ultra-large workpiece, and is conducive to detect the assembly such as machine tool in the variation of machine tool processing workpiece process performance, provides foundation for improving Machine Tool design.For the dimensional measurement of rotational workpieces, contact measurement method is inapplicable.And in the existing contactless workpiece processing dimension measuring method, measuring method is a kind of effective method.Existing measuring method and equipment owing to can not obtain active data, are not suitable for the on-line measurement of superduty machine tool processing workpiece under machine tool high speed line cutting speed.
Summary of the invention
Defective or deficiency for the online demand that detects of superduty lathe processing work and prior art creation, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of superduty lathe machining accuracy characteristic on-machine measurement apparatus and method that can be used for, the method is reliable for the rotational workpieces image data, can be used for the front location of workpiece processing, the on-line measurement of process, after the processing at machine testing.
In order to realize above-mentioned task, the present invention takes following technical solution:
A kind of superduty lathe machining accuracy characteristic on-machine measurement device comprises light-source system, light spot image acquisition system and data handling system; Described light-source system includes LASER Light Source, convergent lens, collimation lens and collimation lens are arranged on the light path of LASER Light Source successively, they all are installed in the drum type housing, the drum type housing is fixed on fore-stock and the after-poppet, fore-stock and after-poppet are fixed on the holder housing by front left screw, front right screw, rear left screw and rear right screw, between fore-stock housing and after-poppet and the housing spring supporting is arranged, LASER Light Source sends outgoing beam and enter the light spot image acquisition system by folded light beam behind the large-scale workpiece surface reflection;
The light spot image acquisition system comprises optical filter, imaging len, is fixed into as lens holder, is fixed into rotating shaft mechanism and line array CCD as lens holder, optical filter is installed on the imaging len, imaging len is installed in and is fixed on the picture lens holder, and anchor clamps are fixed on the rotating mechanism 15;
Data handling system comprises data acquisition and treatment circuit and interface, interface and interface, and interface is connection data sampling and processing circuit and LASER Light Source respectively, the collection of interface connection data and control circuit and line array CCD, joint connecting device and computer.
A kind of method of using such as above-mentioned device, the method comprises the steps:
Step 1, with above-mentioned measurement mechanism by fixed support be fixed on one vertically the motion guide rail on;
Step 2, the guide rail of step 1 is fixed on the base of tool of heavy-duty engine lathe, make the direction of motion of guide rail be in vertical direction and with the tool sharpening direction of advance vertical;
Step 3, the pitching of adjustment measurement mechanism on fixed support make the plane of measurement mechanism outgoing beam and folded light beam formation and the linear velocity perpendicular direction of surface of the work motion;
Step 4, to be clamped in the column type workpiece that machines on the heavy machine tool as measuring object, measurement mechanism is moved up and down along guide rail, seek the position of the minimum of a value of the data that measurement mechanism measures, this position is exactly to measure the position that heavy machine tool main shaft rotation centerline is passed through on irradiating light beam and the formed plane of folded light beam.Measurement mechanism is fixed on this position;
Step 5, take the geometric parameter of processing work as measuring object, by machine tool seat feed system, calibrate the measurement mechanism datum mark with respect to the guide rail of lathe, supporting plate and the base of tool, the relative position coordinates of the cylindrical-coordinate system that main shaft consists of is finished the demarcation of measurement mechanism on lathe;
Step 6, when measurement mechanism on lathe during online on-position measure, at first the measured value solution is counted as the value with respect to the measurement mechanism measuring basis, the rear measurement mechanism benchmark of demarcating according to measuring system is with respect to the position coordinates of lathe cylindrical-coordinate system, and the measured value solution is counted as coordinate figure with respect to the lathe cylindrical-coordinate system.
The present invention uses the high speed linear array imageing sensor and gathers representation of laser facula, by one group of light spot image sequence application image recovery technology obtaining is obtained the hot spot picture rich in detail, the correlation of pixel grey scale identifies the sub-pix central point of light spot image between the application image sequence again, resolve by the trigonometry imaging optical path, can effectively obtain the positional information on rotational workpieces surface, thereby overcome existing measuring method and installed the technological deficiency that effectively to obtain the rotating machined workpiece surface position information.
The present invention is take the rotational workpieces surface position information obtained as the basis, the measurement mechanism of developing is installed on the heavy-duty engine lathe, after finishing the debugging calibration process, can realize the online on-position measure of heavy-duty engine lathe rotational workpieces processing dimension, this measuring system also has the positioning function to processing work simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the superduty lathe machining accuracy characteristic on-machine measurement device schematic diagram based on optical sensing methods.
Number in the figure: 1, LASER Light Source, 2, convergent lens, 3, collimation lens 1,4, collimation lens 2,5, the drum type housing of light source part is installed, 6, support 1,7, support 2,8, spring screw device 1,9, spring screw device 2,10, spring screw device 3,11, spring screw device 4,12, optical filter, 13, imaging len, 14, the fixing anchor clamps of imaging len, 15, be fixed into the rotating shaft mechanism of picture lens holder, 16, line array CCD, 17, data acquisition and treatment circuit, 18, holder housing, 19, interface 1,20, interface 2,21, interface 3,22, outgoing beam, 23, folded light beam, 24, the large-scale workpiece surface.
Fig. 2 is the method schematic diagram of superduty lathe machining accuracy characteristic on-machine measurement.
Label wherein represents respectively: 25, processed large-scale workpiece, 26, heavy-duty engine lathe guide rail platform, 27, the tool feeding case, 28, toolframe, 29, cutter, 30, guide rail, 31, fixed support, 32, measurement mechanism of the present invention, 33, optical path
The specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, the laser beam that semiconductor laser is sent based on the superduty lathe machining accuracy characteristic on-machine measurement device of optical sensing methods that the present invention relates to is behind convergent lens, obtain in the poly-lens front surface 100～500mm scope of namely defection of measurement category through collimation lens set again, each length is in laser beam waist 25mm scope, and lasing beam diameter is less than 40um.Laser beam is removed by optical filter through the surface of the work reflection and is disturbed the light wave composition, by the imaging len imaging.Optical filter transmitted light wave frequency range is consistent with the frequency of light wave scope of the semiconductor laser that adopts.Laser facula is used the high speed linear array imageing sensor and is received.Can obtain one group of light spot image sequence by the high speed linear array imageing sensor, the application image recovery technology obtains the hot spot picture rich in detail, and the correlation of pixel grey scale identifies the sub-pix central point of light spot image between the application image sequence again.By demarcating and calculate the geometrical relationship between irradiating light beam and the folded light beam, can obtain the corresponding relation of surface of the work locus and line scan image sensor location of pixels.In measuring process, put line scan image sensor is upper according to laser facula, can calculate surface of the work for the change in location of reference-calibrating.
To use above-mentioned superduty lathe machining accuracy characteristic on-machine measurement device is fixed on the machine tool seat, obtain device with respect to guide rail by demarcating to adjust, the base of tool, the reference coordinate of main shaft cylindrical-coordinate system, again the positional information of the surface of the work of measurement device is resolved in the cylindrical-coordinate system, realized workpiece processing prelocalization, the online detection in the process, the tool wear at machine testing and in to process of workpiece after the processing, the detection of the factors such as vibration.
The present invention can by adjusting collimation lens 3 and collimation lens 4 adjustment laser beam waist positions, can adjust pitching and the height of drum type housing 5 by adjusting front left screw 8, front right screw 9, rear left screw 10 and rear right screw 11.Stationary fixture 14 by rotation installation imaging len 13 is adjusted to as the angle between lens axis and the line scan image sensor simultaneously, make imaging system satisfy the Scheimpflug condition, change simultaneously the measuring basis position of optical sensing methods, to adapt to the requirement without measurement category.
Referring to Fig. 2, the installing component of superduty lathe machining accuracy characteristic on-machine measurement device 32 on heavy machine tool of the present invention's research and development comprises guide rail 30 and fixed support 31.Measurement mechanism 32 is fixed on the fixed support 31, and fixed support 31 is fixed on the slide block of guide rail 30, can drive measurement mechanism 32 and move in the vertical direction.When measurement mechanism 32 is installed, make the plane of measurement mechanism 32 outgoing beams and folded light beam formation and the linear velocity perpendicular direction of surface of the work motion by adjustment.
At measurement mechanism 32 after installation on the heavy-duty engine lathe, by moving up and down along guide rail 30, seek the position of the minimum of a value of the data that measurement mechanism 32 measures, this position is exactly to measure the position that irradiating light beam and plane that folded light beam forms overlap with heavy machine tool main shaft rotation centerline.
By above-mentioned installation and adjustment process, measurement mechanism is in conjunction with machine tool guideway, supporting plate and the base of tool, and the cylindrical-coordinate system that main shaft consists of forms a system of in the machine tooling scope surface of the work position being measured.This measuring system by with data solver that measurement mechanism is surveyed under the cylindrical-coordinate system of lathe itself, realize the location of workpiece and the online on-position measure of processing geometric parameter.
Claims (2)
1. a superduty lathe machining accuracy characteristic on-machine measurement device comprises light-source system, light spot image acquisition system and data handling system; It is characterized in that, described light-source system includes LASER Light Source (1), convergent lens (2) is arranged on the light path of LASER Light Source (1) successively, collimation lens (3) and the second collimation lens (4), they all are installed in the drum type housing (5), drum type housing (5) is fixed on fore-stock (6) and the after-poppet (7), fore-stock (6) and after-poppet (7) are fixed on the holder housing (18), fore-stock (6) has spring supporting between holder housing (18) and after-poppet (7) and holder housing (18), LASER Light Source (1) sends outgoing beam (22) and enter the light spot image acquisition system by folded light beam (23) after the reflection of large-scale workpiece surface (24);
The light spot image acquisition system comprises optical filter (12), imaging len (13), is fixed into picture lens holder (14), is fixed into rotating shaft mechanism (15) and line array CCD (16) as lens holder, optical filter (12) is installed on the imaging len (13), imaging len (13) is installed in and is fixed on the picture lens holder (14), and the described picture lens holder (14) that is fixed into is fixed on the described rotating shaft mechanism (15);
Data handling system comprises data acquisition and treatment circuit (17) and first interface (19), the second interface (20) and the 3rd interface (21), the second interface (20) is connection data sampling and processing circuit (17) and LASER Light Source (1) respectively, the 3rd interface (21) connection data sampling and processing circuit and line array CCD, first interface (19) jockey and computer.
2. a method of using device as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, the method comprises the steps:
Step 1, with above-mentioned measurement mechanism by fixed support be fixed on one vertically the motion guide rail on;
Step 2, the guide rail of step 1 is fixed on the base of tool of superduty lathe, makes the direction of motion of guide rail be in vertical direction and vertical with the tool sharpening direction of advance;
Step 3, the pitching of adjustment measurement mechanism on fixed support make the plane of measurement mechanism outgoing beam and folded light beam formation and the linear velocity perpendicular direction of surface of the work motion;
Step 4, to be clamped in the column type workpiece that machines on the superduty lathe as measuring object, measurement mechanism is moved up and down along guide rail, the position of the minimum of a value of the data that the searching measurement mechanism is measured, this position is exactly to measure irradiating light beam and the formed plane of folded light beam by the position of superduty lathe spindle rotation centerline, and measurement mechanism is fixed on this position;
Step 5, take the geometric parameter of processing work as measuring object, by superduty lathe tools seat feed system, calibrate the measurement mechanism datum mark with respect to the guide rail of superduty lathe, supporting plate and the base of tool, the relative position coordinates of the cylindrical-coordinate system that main shaft consists of is finished the demarcation of measurement mechanism on the superduty lathe;
Step 6, when measurement mechanism on the superduty lathe during online on-position measure, at first the measured value solution is counted as the value with respect to the measurement mechanism measuring basis, the rear measurement mechanism benchmark of demarcating according to measuring system is with respect to the position coordinates of superduty lathe cylindrical-coordinate system, and the measured value solution is counted as coordinate figure with respect to superduty lathe cylindrical-coordinate system.
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| CN102814512B (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2014-07-16 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | On-line measuring method for radials profile of compressor disc-like part of engine |
| TWI490077B (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2015-07-01 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Calibration apparatus and a compensation controlling method for multi-axes machines using the same |
| CN104772656B (en) * | 2015-04-02 | 2017-04-26 | 西安交通大学 | Online measuring system and method for rotary part of lathe |
| CN105033751B (en) * | 2015-06-24 | 2017-07-11 | 中国科学院光电技术研究所 | The on-line checking processing unit (plant) and method of a kind of convex cone mirror |
| CN105139005A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-09 | 无锡市中捷减震器有限公司 | Detection device with workpiece identification and marking functions |
| TWI640388B (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2018-11-11 | 財團法人工業技術研究院 | Servo tuning device and servo tuning method |
| CN108036724A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-05-15 | 武汉万集信息技术有限公司 | A kind of dimension of object measuring method and device |
| CN110645908A (en) * | 2019-08-16 | 2020-01-03 | 广州瑞松北斗汽车装备有限公司 | Vehicle body appearance defect detection method and detection system |
| WO2021184163A1 (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2021-09-23 | 上海芯歌智能科技有限公司 | Laser measurement apparatus |
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