CN107344251B - The mirror image method for milling and system of covering processing - Google Patents
The mirror image method for milling and system of covering processing Download PDFInfo
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- CN107344251B CN107344251B CN201710571555.5A CN201710571555A CN107344251B CN 107344251 B CN107344251 B CN 107344251B CN 201710571555 A CN201710571555 A CN 201710571555A CN 107344251 B CN107344251 B CN 107344251B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23C—MILLING
- B23C3/00—Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q15/00—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work
- B23Q15/007—Automatic control or regulation of feed movement, cutting velocity or position of tool or work while the tool acts upon the workpiece
- B23Q15/12—Adaptive control, i.e. adjusting itself to have a performance which is optimum according to a preassigned criterion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/20—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring workpiece characteristics, e.g. contour, dimension, hardness
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/24—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves
- B23Q17/2452—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves for measuring features or for detecting a condition of machine parts, tools or workpieces
- B23Q17/2471—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools using optics or electromagnetic waves for measuring features or for detecting a condition of machine parts, tools or workpieces of workpieces
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Automatic Control Of Machine Tools (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides the mirror image method for milling and system of a kind of processing of covering, arrange a process tool in finished surface；One group of floating support device, a skin shape laser scanning device, one group of covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus are arranged in the finished surface symmetrical region of covering.The practical type face of covering is obtained first with skin shape laser scanning device before covering processing, machining path is adjusted according to practical type surface self-adaption.Then, floating support device, the covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus cooperative motion of process tool and finished surface symmetrical region in covering process, floating support provides the support of covering work pieces process regional flexibility in process, covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus obtains machining area thickness, process tool carries out adaptive adjustment cutting depth according to the practical work piece thickness of measurement, realizes the wall thickness control of covering.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to covering manufacture fields, and in particular, to the mirror image method for milling and system of covering processing, especially
It requires stringent hyperbolic/single wall plate parts mirror image processing method for the wall thickness such as large-scale covering and similar workpiece and sets
It is standby.
Background technique
In covering manufacture field, since 1970, the wall thickness such as large-scale covering and similar workpiece require stringent hyperbolic/
Chemical milling processing is widely used in the processing of single wall plate parts.The working principle of chemical milling is first that workpiece is non-processing
Surface is protected with corrosion-resistant coating, then workpiece is immersed in chemical solution and carried out by the surface exposure that needs are processed
Corrosion is dissolved metal by specific position and is removed, reaches processing purpose.Chemical milling has the disadvantages that.
1, chemical milling wall thickness accuracy is difficult to guarantee, the current general ± 0.5mm of chemical milling thickness and precision, and large-scale covering wall
Thickness requires to reach ± 0.1mm.
2, contour accuracy is poor, and chemical milling region contour generallys use manual groove and guarantees, causes contour accuracy low, reaches
2mm, and large-scale covering contour accuracy requires to reach ± 0.3mm.
3, many novel coverings can not be processed with chemical milling, if the aluminium lithium alloy covering of type aircraft is due to material property
It can not be processed using chemical milling.
4, chemical milling pollutant discharge amount is big, and chemical milling principle is chemical solution corrosion, and discharge is big after processing is completed
Measure OIW general industry waste material, SIW special industry waste material and VOC volatile organic compounds.
Above-mentioned traditional chemical milling be no longer satisfied the stringent hyperbolic of wall thickness requirement such as large-scale covering and similar workpiece/
The process requirements of single wall plate parts.
Existing patent document CN104400086A (201410532797.X) discloses a kind of aircraft skin mirror image milling side
Method and equipment, shortcoming are that do not have normal direction feed shaft in supporting device and milling attachment, are needed when thickness real-time compensation each
The axis coordinated movement of various economic factors compensates movement, collects thickness compensation from thickness and exists compared with large time delay, reduces thickness compensation precision, this
Invention is compensated according to knife position thickness value and target thickness difference using normal direction feed shaft W axis, can be quick along workpiece normal direction
Compensation；In addition, the patent document shores side using AC double pendulum header structure, it is easy to cause C axis a wide range of in processing covering vertically
Movement, causes measuring thickness device easily to scratch workpiece surface, and the present invention is shoring side (i.e. support-side) using AB double pendulum header structure, avoiding
The problem of measuring thickness device grand movement；The patent document needs to add using flexible vacuum adsorbent equipment auxiliary positioning covering
The framed bent for needing to move repeatedly adsorbent equipment in work, reduces processing efficiency, limits disposable machining area, and the present invention is not required to
Flexible vacuum adsorbent equipment auxiliary positioning is wanted, machining area is open, and the side machining area of covering can be processed with clamped one time.
Summary of the invention
For the defects in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of covering processing mirror image method for milling be
System.
The invention proposes a kind of new (machine) processing self-adapting processing methods, and the equipment implemented for this method.
This method is proposed for large-scale covering and the similar stringent hyperbolic of workpiece requirement/single siding processing request, right
It is processed than traditional chemical, can guarantee large-scale covering requirement on machining accuracy, while greatly reducing pollutant emission.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of mirror image milling system of covering processing, comprising: positioned at covering plus
Milling side component, the support-side component positioned at the symmetrical surface side of machining area, frame structure tooling and the control system of work face area side
System；Covering can be fastened between milling side component and support-side component by frame structure tooling；Support-side component includes placing
At least one floating support device, covering wall thickness measuring device and skin shape laser scanning device, milling side is in machining area
Placing milling side component includes at least one process tool；Under control of the control system, support-side component and process side component
Process tool carry out cooperative motion, the position of the normal direction feed shaft of milling side component is real according to the covering wall thickness of support-side component
When measuring device obtain machining area covering wall thickness adjust in real time, milled with machining area of the thickness of setting to covering
It cuts.
The present invention also provides a kind of mirror image method for milling of covering processing, are first moved by support-side component close to work
Part, after covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus obtains thickness of workpiece, positioned at the process tool contact workpiece again of machining area.
The invention particularly relates to a kind of adaptive machining method and systems for large-scale covering comprising:
1) equipment that this method is implemented is divided into milling side, covering, support-side, and milling side and support-side are symmetrical relative to covering
Distribution, covering is vertical to be fixed between milling side, support-side.
2) 1 process tool is installed in milling side, and support-side installs 1 set of floating support device, 1 set of covering wall thickness real-time measurement
Device, 1 set of skin shape laser scanning device.
3) skin-covering face is measured by skin shape laser scanning device before covering processing, is then compensated by machining path
Realize skin morph self adaptive control.
4) side skin wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus, floating support device and milling side process tool are supported in process
Cooperative motion, thickness of workpiece are measured by covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus, workpiece deviation real-time compensation to processing
Tool in Cutting depth realizes the self adaptive control of covering wall thickness.
A feature according to the present invention, the cooperative motion of milling side related functioning components and milling side process tool can be with
It is realized by automation control system.The related functioning components self-movement of milling side, milling can be realized by control system
Side process tool self-movement, the cooperative motion of milling side related functioning components and milling side process tool and first three are transported
Dynamic form any combination.
A feature according to the present invention, milling side configure process tool, and support-side configures real-time measuring thickness device, floating branch
Support arrangement, laser measuring device for measuring.Milling side and support-side are 6DOF, including three along X, Y, Z and X ', the translation of Y ', Z '
Freedom degree and milling side A, C, the rotary freedom of support-side A ', B '.Milling side A, C rotary shaft normal direction configures W axis, support
The rotation normal direction configuration W ' axis of A ', B '.Wherein X-axis and X ' axis are the translation shafts moved horizontally relative to covering, and Y-axis, Y ' axis are
Relative to the translation shaft of covering vertical shift, Z axis, Z ' axis are the translation shaft being moved forward and backward relative to covering, rotary shaft A ' axis axis
Line is parallel to X ' axis, and rotary shaft B ' axis is parallel to Y ' axis, and rotary shaft A axis axis is parallel to X-axis, and rotary shaft C axis axis is parallel
In Z axis, normal direction mobile W axis in milling side adjusts in real time for process tool in covering wall thickness adaptive machining, and support-side normal direction is moved
Dynamic W ' axis adjusts in real time for workpiece pressure in covering wall thickness adaptive machining.
A feature of the present invention, skin shape laser scanning device are configured at support-side, sweep for skin part profile
It retouches.After the completion of scanning, processing program position and processing axis are carried out according to actual profile by control system mean camber compensating module
Skin morph self adaptive control is realized in line automatic adjusument.
A feature according to the present invention, covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus is in support-side.Covering wall thickness real-time measurement dress
It sets and covering wall thickness measuring is carried out using ultrasonic wave, using working fluid as ultrasonic coupling agent.To guarantee measurement data accuracy, cover
Skin wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus configuration support side skin normal direction self-adaption regulation system, covering pressure adaptive regulating system and
Working fluid pressure adaptive regulating system.Real-time covering wall thickness measuring carries out simultaneously with processing, workpiece feedback to control
In system, control system realizes the real-time adjustment of process tool cutting-in by adjusting W shaft position, realizes skin part according to predetermined
Thickness machining control.
A feature according to the present invention, covering normal direction self-adaption regulation system are real by multiple uniformly distributed displacement sensors
When obtain machining area workpiece normal direction and guarantee real-time covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus axis of movement by adjusting A ' axis, B ' axis
It is unified with machining area workpiece normal orientation.
A feature according to the present invention, covering pressure adaptive regulating system, by detection measuring thickness device and workpiece it
Between pressure, according to the movement of the pressure value real-time control normal direction W axis measured, the purpose is to guarantee real-time measuring thickness device and covering
Fitting completely, also ensures couplant column required for thickness measure, avoids the excessive waste of couplant, also, passes through reality
When pressure feedback value, avoid the excessive scuffing workpiece surface of pressure and abrasion gauge head surface.
A feature according to the present invention, working fluid pressure adaptive regulating system refer to by monitoring water injection pressure come
Couplant needed for obtaining and compensate in real time, makes ultrasonic probe steady operation.
A feature according to the present invention, the floating support device being configured at.Floating support device is soft with no less than 6
Property supporting point, measuring thickness device is circumferentially distributed in real time around flexible support point, provides flexible branch in process for skin part
Support reduces the vibration in covering process.Preferably, each flexible support can self-movement.Floating support device is to covering
Provided support force is adjustable, does not damage skin-surface while providing support stiffness.
A preferred but inessential feature according to the present invention, covering is vertical to be fixed between milling side, support-side.This hair
In the equipment of bright description, covering special framework structure tooling is configured, for realizing covering vertical unit.Preferably, tooling frame
Structure is inShape, frame centre includes a removable column, for being compatible with the skin part clamping of different in width.It is preferred that
, it is uniformly distributed the flexible clamping arm with power-assisted inside tooling frame structure, is used for different shape skin part clamping.
Detailed description of the invention
Upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings, other feature of the invention,
Objects and advantages will become more apparent upon:
Fig. 1 is a kind of general schematic perspective view of preferred implementing form of process equipment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is process equipment support-side and milling sidepiece part scheme of installation of the invention；
Fig. 3 is process equipment process tool of the invention, the online wall thickness measuring device of covering, covering normal direction schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is process equipment milling sidepiece part structural schematic diagram of the invention；
Fig. 5 is frame structure tooling schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is processing method covering wall thickness control schematic block diagram of the present invention.
It is shown in figure:
Process equipment 1
Covering 2
Milling side component 3
X-axis moving component 7, Y-axis moving component 8, Z axis moving component 9, A axis rotary part 11, C axis rotary part 10, W
Axis moving component 12, spindle unit 13, process tool 14；
Support-side component 4
X ' axis moving component 15, Y ' axis moving component 16, Z ' axis moving component 17, A ' axis rotary part 19, the rotation of B ' axis
Component 18, W ' axis moving component 20, skin shape laser scanning device 21, floating support device 22, covering wall thickness real-time measurement
Device 23, normal direction measuring device 26, device for pressure measurement 25, plurality of fluid pressure gauges 24；
Frame structure tooling 5
Fixed frame 27, removable column 28, flexible clamping arm 29；
Fixed girder construction 6
Servomechanism 30
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.Following embodiment will be helpful to the technology of this field
Personnel further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that the ordinary skill of this field
For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, several changes and improvements can also be made.These belong to the present invention
Protection scope.
The present invention relates to the mirror image method for milling and system of a kind of processing of covering.The present invention is arranged in the finished surface of covering
One process tool；Arrange that one group of floating support device, a skin shape laser are swept in the finished surface symmetrical region of covering
Imaging apparatus, one group of covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus.It obtains and covers first with skin shape laser scanning device before covering processing
Sturdy border type face adjusts machining path according to practical type surface self-adaption.Then, process tool and processing table in covering process
The floating support device of face symmetrical region, real covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus cooperative motion, floating support mentions in process
For covering work pieces process regional flexibility support, covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus obtain machining area thickness, process tool according to
The practical work piece thickness of measurement carries out adaptive adjustment cutting depth, realizes the wall thickness control of covering.
The milling system of covering processing provided by the invention includes process equipment 1.Fig. 1 show process equipment 1, described to add
Construction equipment 1 can be realized 2 adaptive machining of covering, and covering 2 has the spies such as structure is complicated, rigidity is weak, wall thickness accuracy requirement is stringent
Point.Process equipment 1 includes: milling side component 3, support-side component 4, frame structure tooling 5, fixed girder construction 6.Milling side component
3, support-side component 4 is symmetrical relative to covering 2, and covering 2 is vertical to be fixed between milling side component 3, support-side component 4.
Milling side component 3 includes X-axis moving component 7, Y-axis moving component 8, Z axis moving component 9, A axis rotary part 11, C
Axis rotary part 10, W axis moving component 12, spindle unit 13, process tool 14.
Milling side component 3 and support-side component 4 are 6DOF.6 freedom degrees of milling side component 3 include along X, Y, Z
Translation freedoms and A axis, C axis, the W axis of axis；Wherein, the A axis of milling side component 3, C method of principal axes to configuration W axis, milling side group
The mobile W axis of the normal direction of part 3 adjusts in real time for process tool in covering wall thickness adaptive machining.6 freedom of support-side component 4
Degree includes along X ', Y ', the translation freedoms of Z ' axis and A ' axis, B ' axis, W ' axis；Wherein, the A ' axis of support-side component 4, B ' axis
Normal direction configures W ' axis, and the mobile W ' axis of the normal direction of support-side component 4 is adjusted in real time for workpiece pressure in covering wall thickness adaptive machining
It is whole；Axis X, Z and axis X ', Z ' define generally parallel vertical plane.
Support-side component 4 includes X ' axis moving component 15, Y ' axis moving component (16, Z ' axis moving component 17, the rotation of B ' axis
Component 18, W ' axis moving component 20, skin shape laser scanning device 21, floating support device 22, covers A ' axis rotary part 19
Skin wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23, plurality of fluid pressure gauges 24, device for pressure measurement 25, normal direction measuring device 26.
Covering 2 scans the profile of workpiece covering by skin shape laser scanning device 21 before processing, measure skin-covering face,
Then it is compensated by machining path and realizes skin morph self adaptive control, specifically, after the completion of scanning, by the song in control system
Face compensating module carries out processing program position and processing axis automatic adjusument according to actual profile, realizes that skin morph is adaptive
It should control.
In process, covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23, floating support device 22 and the milling of support-side component 4
The thickness of 14 cooperative motion of process tool of side component 3, covering 2 is measured by covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23, is covered
The wall thickness deviation real-time compensation of skin 2 realizes the self adaptive control of covering wall thickness to the cutting depth of process tool 14.
Covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23 carries out covering wall thickness measuring using ultrasonic wave, using working fluid as ultrasonic coupling
Mixture.To guarantee measurement data accuracy, covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23 configures normal direction measuring device 26, pressure measurement dress
Set 25 and plurality of fluid pressure gauges 24.Real-time covering wall thickness measuring carries out simultaneously with processing, workpiece feedback to control
In system, control system realizes the real-time adjustment of 14 cutting-in of process tool by adjusting W shaft position, realizes skin part according to pre-
Determine thickness machining control.
Normal direction measuring device 26 is to obtain machining area workpiece normal direction on covering 2 in real time by multiple uniformly distributed displacement sensors
And axis of movement and machining area workpiece by adjusting A ' axis, B ' shaft angle degree guarantee covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23 in real time
Normal orientation is unified.
Device for pressure measurement 25, by the pressure between detection covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23 and workpiece, according to survey
The movement of the pressure value real-time control normal direction W ' axis obtained, the purpose is to guarantee that covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23 is complete with covering
Fitting, also ensures couplant column required for thickness measure, avoids the excessive waste of couplant, also, by real-time
Pressure feedback value avoids the excessive scuffing workpiece surface of pressure and abrasion gauge head surface.
Plurality of fluid pressure gauges 24, which refers to through monitoring water injection pressure, obtains and compensates in real time required couplant, makes to surpass
Sonic probe steady operation.
Floating support device 22 has no less than 6 flexible support points, and flexible support point is filled along covering wall thickness real-time measurement
Set 23 it is circumferentially distributed, provide flexible support in process for skin part, reduce the vibration in covering process.It is excellent
Choosing, each flexible support can self-movement.Floating support device 22 is adjustable to support force provided by covering, and it is rigid to provide support
Skin-surface is not damaged while spending.
Frame structure tooling 5 includes fixed frame 27, removable column 28, flexible clamping arm 29.Removable 28 energy of column
It is enough to be moved along fixed frame 27, for being compatible with the skin part clamping of different in width.It is uniformly distributed inside frame structure tooling 5
Flexible clamping arm 29 with power-assisted is used for different shape skin part clamping.Equipment is equipped with servomechanism 30 for frame structure work
5 band coverings 2 are filled to move between milling side 3 and support-side 4.
Milling side component 3 and support-side component 4 are all made of horizontal type structure, the X-axis moving component 7 of milling side component 3, Y-axis
Moving component 8, Z axis moving component 9, A axis rotary part 11, C axis rotary part 10, W axis moving component 12 and support-side group
X ' the axis moving component 15 of part 4, Y ' axis moving component 16, Z ' axis moving component (17, A ' axis rotary part 19, B ' axis rotating part
Part 18, W ' axis moving component 20 are all made of motor driving, are controlled by control system.The related functioning components of support-side component 4 with
The cooperative motion of the process tool 14 of milling side component 3 can be realized by automation control system.Pass through control system
The 4 related functioning components self-movement of support-side component, the self-movement of the process tool 14 of milling side component 3, support can be achieved
4 related functioning components of side component and the cooperative motion of the process tool 14 of milling side component 3 and these three forms of motion are any
Combination.
X-axis moving component 7, X ' axis moving component 15 are horizontally disposed relative to covering 2, move respectively along X-axis, X ' axis,
In, X-axis, X ' axis are the translation shafts moved horizontally relative to covering；
Y-axis moving component 8, Y ' axis moving component 16 are arranged vertically relative to covering 2, are moved respectively along Y-axis, Y ' axis,
In, Y-axis, Y ' axis are the translation shafts relative to covering vertical shift；
Z axis moving component 9, Z ' axis moving component 17 are moved along Z axis, Z ' axis respectively relative to arranging before and after covering 2,
In, Z axis, Z ' axis are the translation shafts being moved forward and backward relative to covering；
The rotary shaft A axis of A axis rotary part 11 is parallel to X-axis, and the rotary shaft C axis of C axis rotary part 10 is parallel to Z axis；
Rotary shaft A ' the axis of A ' axis rotary part 19 is parallel to X ' axis, and the rotary shaft B ' axis of B ' axis rotary part 18 is parallel to
Y ' axis.
C axis rotary part 10, A axis rotary part 11, W axis moving component 12 are sequentially connected, W axis moving component 12 along A axis,
C axis axis arrangement, process tool 14 are connected to the moving end of W axis moving component 12 by spindle unit 13.
B ' axis rotary part 18, A ' axis rotary part 19, W ' axis moving component 20 are sequentially connected, 20 edge of W ' axis moving component
A ' axis, B ' axis axis arrangement.Skin shape laser scanning device 21, floating support device 22 are located at the end of B ' axis rotary part 18
End, covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23 are located at 20 end of W ' axis moving component, covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23 and floating
Central axis is overlapped between support device 22.
The mirror image method for milling of a kind of covering processing provided according to the present invention, wherein 2 process of covering is as follows:
Clamping workpiece is adjusted to by step 1,2 processing staff of covering by the removable column 28 in frame structure tooling 5
Suitable covering clamping range, is then fixed using the clamping that flexible clamping arm 29 carries out workpiece covering 2.
The fixed covering 2 of 5 clamping of frame structure tooling is moved to by control system after step 2,2 clamping of covering
Between milling side component 3 and support-side component 4.
Step 3, support-side component 4 drive skin shape laser scanning device 21, measure skin part appearance profile, obtain
Laser data, control system receive laser data and form workpiece with form surface point cloud data.The curved surface compensating module of control system, according to
Shape corresponding relationship after workpiece with form surface point cloud data acquisition clamping between practical covering and design covering, then in theoretical procedures
Working position and processing axis carry out automatic adjusument, obtain workpiece actual processing program.Skin part 2 is protected in scanning process
It holds static.
Step 4, process equipment 1 are cooperateed with according to workpiece actual processing process control milling side component 3 with support-side component 4
The processing of skin part predetermined thickness is realized in movement, and it can also be Varying-thickness that wherein predetermined thickness, which can be equal thickness,.Processed
Process tool 14 is cut as the moving end of milling side component 3 for skin part in journey.Covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus
23 end and 2 machining area back side real-time contact of skin part as support-side component 4, real-time measurement workpiece in process
Thickness.End and covering 2 machining area back side real-time contact of the floating support device 22 as support-side component 4, for processing
Flexible workpiece supports in the process, reduces the vibration of process part.Floating support device 22 can to support force provided by covering 2
It adjusts, does not damage 2 surface of covering while support stiffness is provided.
The step 4 includes the following steps:
The real-time set-up procedure of normal direction: covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23 carries out workpiece using ultrasonic wave in process equipment 1
Real-time wall thickness measuring.To guarantee the stability measured, configuration normal direction measuring device 26 inside covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23,
For adjusting support-side component A ' axis and B ' shaft angle degree in real time, guarantee real-time wall thickness measuring device normal direction and covering Working position method
To consistent.
The real-time set-up procedure of workpiece pressure: while real-time wall thickness measuring, process equipment 1 is real-time using covering wall thickness
23 internal pressure measuring apparatus 25 of measuring device detects the real-time pressure between covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23 and workpiece,
And realize that pressure is constant using 20 motion control of W ' axis moving component of support-side component 4.
The real-time set-up procedure of fluid pressure: the real-time wall thickness measuring ultrasonic measurement principle of process equipment 1 is used to flow
Liquid is as ultrasonic coupling agent, to guarantee that measurement stability exports liquid stabilising using plurality of fluid pressure gauges 24.
Closed-loop control step: process equipment 1 can realize covering wall thickness closed-loop control, adjust step in real time according to above-mentioned normal direction
Suddenly, after the real-time set-up procedure of workpiece pressure, the real-time set-up procedure of fluid pressure measure stable wall thickness data, control system according to
Then the wall thickness requirement of user setting, calculated wall thickness compensation rate compensate 14 cutting depth of process tool.Floating support device 22,
The covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23 and process tool 14_ for being located at machining area carries out cooperative motion, not moves synchronously, by
Floating support device 22, covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus 23, which are first moved, obtains stable 2 thickness of covering close to workpiece
Afterwards, covering 2 is contacted again positioned at the process tool of machining area 14 carry out machining.
Step 5, after processing is completed, control system is by the movement abjection milling side component of covering 2 of 5 clamping of frame structure tooling
Between 3 and support-side component 4.
Step 6, processing staff dismantle covering workpiece 2.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited to above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make a variety of changes or modify within the scope of the claims, this not shadow
Ring substantive content of the invention.In the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiments herein and embodiment can any phase
Mutually combination.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of mirror image milling system of covering processing characterized by comprising the milling side group positioned at covering machining area side
Part (3), the support-side component (4) positioned at the symmetrical surface side of machining area, frame structure tooling (5) and control system；
Covering (2) can be fastened between milling side component (3) and support-side component (4) by frame structure tooling (5)；
Support-side component (4) includes at least one floating support device (22), covering wall thickness measuring device (23) and skin shape
Laser scanning device (21), milling side component (3) include at least one process tool (14)；
Under control of the control system, the process tool (14) of support-side component (4) and process side component carries out cooperative motion, milling
The position for cutting the normal direction feed shaft of side component (3) is obtained according to the covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus (23) of support-side component (4)
Machining area covering wall thickness adjust in real time, milling is carried out to the machining area of covering (2) with the thickness of setting；
Support-side component (4) further includes device for pressure measurement (25)；
Device for pressure measurement (25), by the pressure between detection covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus (23) and workpiece, according to survey
The movement of the pressure value real-time control normal direction W ' axis obtained, to guarantee that covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus (23) pastes completely with covering
It closes, also ensures that couplant required for thickness measure will not largely overflow, also, by real-time pressure feedback value, avoid
Pressure excessive scuffing workpiece surface and abrasion gauge head surface；
Support-side component (4) further includes plurality of fluid pressure gauges (24)；
Plurality of fluid pressure gauges (24), which refers to through monitoring water injection pressure, obtains and compensates in real time required couplant, makes ultrasound
The work of wave probe stationary.
2. the mirror image milling system of covering according to claim 1 processing, which is characterized in that support-side component (4) includes
Skin shape laser scanning device (21)；
Skin shape laser scanning device (21) can scan the profile of covering (2), and measurement skin-covering face obtains laser data, controls
System processed receives laser data and forms workpiece with form surface point cloud data, according to practical covering after workpiece with form surface point cloud data acquisition clamping
With the shape corresponding relationship between design covering, then the Working position in theoretical procedures is adaptively adjusted with processing axis
Section, obtains workpiece actual processing program.
3. the mirror image milling system of covering according to claim 1 processing, which is characterized in that support-side component (4) includes
Floating support device (22)；
Floating support device (22) is in contact along machining area normal direction with covering (2) in cooperative motion, provides for covering (2) soft
Property support.
4. the mirror image milling system of covering processing according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the floating support device
(22) support force provided by covering (2) can be adjusted, does not damage covering (2) surface while support stiffness is provided.
5. the mirror image milling system of covering according to claim 1 processing, which is characterized in that support-side component (4) includes
Covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus (23)；
The machining area thickness of covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus (23) real-time measurement covering (2) in cooperative motion, milling side
Supplying position on the normal direction feed shaft of process tool (14) machining area of component (3) is adjusted in real time according to machining area thickness
It is whole, realize the wall thickness control of covering.
6. the mirror image milling system of covering processing according to claim 5, which is characterized in that covering wall thickness real-time measurement dress
It sets (23) to measure using immersion type ultrasonic probe, by setting working fluid as ultrasonic coupling, realizes that thickness is real-time
Measurement and the storage and transmitting of data.
7. the mirror image milling system of covering processing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that support-side component (4) also wraps
Include normal direction measuring device (26)；
Normal direction measuring device (26) be obtain workpiece normal direction α in support area on covering (2) in real time by multiple displacement sensors, and
By adjusting A ' axis in real time, B ' shaft angle degree guarantees the axis of movement and machining area workpiece of covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus (23)
The direction normal direction α is unified.
8. the mirror image milling system of covering according to claim 1 processing, which is characterized in that milling side component (3) includes
Spindle unit (13), process tool (14)；The process tool (14) is processed by excision material, by spindle unit
(13) process tool (14) rotation is driven.
9. the mirror image milling system of covering processing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that milling side component (3) includes X
Axis moving component (7), Y-axis moving component (8), Z axis moving component (9), A axis rotary part (11), C axis rotary part (10), W
Axis moving component (12), spindle unit (13), process tool (14)；
X-axis moving component (7) is horizontally disposed relative to covering (2), moves along X-axis, wherein X-axis is moved relative to covering level
Dynamic translation shaft；Y-axis moving component (8) is arranged vertically relative to covering (2), is moved along Y-axis, wherein Y-axis is relative to covering
The translation shaft of vertical shift；Z axis moving component (9) is arranged relative to before and after covering (2), is moved along Z axis, wherein Z axis is opposite
In the translation shaft that covering is moved forward and backward；The rotary shaft A axis of A axis rotary part (11) is parallel to X-axis, C axis rotary part (10)
Rotary shaft C axis is parallel to Z axis；C axis rotary part (10), A axis rotary part (11), W axis moving component (12) are sequentially connected, and are put down
Moving axis W axis moving component (12) is connected on A axis, and the movement angle of A axis rotary part (11) determines W axis moving component (12)
Axis and C axis rotary part (10) axis between angle, process tool (14) is connected to W axis by spindle unit (13)
The moving end of moving component (12).
10. the mirror image milling system of covering according to claim 1 processing, which is characterized in that support-side component (4) includes
X ' axis moving component (15), Y ' axis moving component (16), Z ' axis moving component (17), B ' axis rotary part (18), the rotation of A ' axis
Component (19), W ' axis moving component (20), skin shape laser scanning device (21), floating support device (22), covering wall thickness
Real-time measurement apparatus (23)；
X ' axis moving component (15) is horizontally disposed relative to covering (2), moves along X ' axis, wherein X ' axis is relative to covering water
The dynamic translation shaft of translation；Y ' axis moving component (16) is arranged vertically relative to covering (2), is moved along Y ' axis, wherein Y ' axis is phase
For the translation shaft of covering vertical shift；Z ' axis moving component (17) is arranged relative to before and after covering (2), is moved along Z ' axis,
In, Z ' axis is the translation shaft being moved forward and backward relative to covering；Rotary shaft A ' the axis of A ' axis rotary part (18) is parallel to X ' axis, B '
Rotary shaft B ' the axis of axis rotary part (19) is parallel to Y ' axis；A ' axis rotary part (19), B ' axis rotary part (18), W ' axis fortune
Dynamic component (20) is sequentially connected, and translation shaft W ' axis moving component (20) is connected on A ' axis rotary part, A ' axis rotary part
(18) movement angle determines the angle between the axis of W ' axis moving component (20) and the axis of B ' axis rotary part (18)；
Skin shape laser scanning device (21), floating support device (22) are located at the end of A ' axis rotary part (19), covering wall thickness
Real-time measurement apparatus (23) is located at W ' axis moving component (20) end, and covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus (23) and floating support fill
The central axis for setting (22) is overlapped.
11. the mirror image milling system of covering processing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that frame structure tooling (5) packet
Include fixed frame (27), removable column (28), flexible clamping arm (29)；
Removable column (28) can be mobile along fixed frame (27), for being compatible with various sizes of skin part clamping；In frame
The flexible clamping arm (29) of frame structure tooling (5) inner part strap power-assisted, the clamping for different shape skin part；Booster engine
Structure (30) moves to frame structure tooling (5) band covering (2) between milling side component (3) and support-side component (4).
12. a kind of mirror image method for milling of the covering processing of mirror image milling system processed using covering described in claim 1,
It is characterized in that, first being moved by support-side component (4) close to workpiece, covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus (23) obtains workpiece
After thickness, positioned at process tool (14) contact workpiece again of machining area.
13. the mirror image method for milling of covering processing according to claim 12, which is characterized in that covering (2) to be processed exists
It is vertically-mounted in process.
14. the mirror image method for milling of covering processing according to claim 12, which is characterized in that pass through skin shape laser
Scanning means (21) determines covering machined surface actual geometric configuration before processing, after acquisition clamping between practical covering and design covering
Shape corresponding relationship, before processing according to covering true form adjust processing cutter track.
15. the mirror image method for milling of covering according to claim 12 processing, which is characterized in that milling side component (3) with
During cooperative motion is processed, covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus (23) is obtained support-side component (4) by real-time thickness measuring
Current cutter location thickness adjusts the feeding of the W axis as normal direction feed shaft with thickness is preset by comparing actual (real) thickness
Value and process tool (14) position control the thickness of covering (2) machining area.
16. the mirror image method for milling of covering processing according to claim 12, which is characterized in that process in the initial state
The axial γ of cutter (14) and the axial β of covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus (23) are overlapped, in process, process tool (14)
With covering wall thickness real-time measurement apparatus (23) cooperative motion, the normal direction of wall thickness measuring device (23) adjusts in real time, always perpendicular to
Workpiece surface, track operation of process tool (14) the axial direction γ along amendment post-processing cutter track.
17. the mirror image method for milling of covering processing according to claim 12, which is characterized in that utilize claim 1 institute
The mirror image milling system for the covering processing stated carries out milling.
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