CN107326704A - 一种棉用匀染剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/44—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders
- D06P1/64—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed using insoluble pigments or auxiliary substances, e.g. binders using compositions containing low-molecular-weight organic compounds without sulfate or sulfonate groups
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种棉用匀染剂，所述匀染剂所含原料及各原料的重量份数为：甘油16‑30份，四硼酸钠10‑20份，液碱6‑12份，葡萄糖酸钠10‑16份，亚甲基二萘磺酸钠15‑25份，冰醋酸2‑4份，去离子水10‑16份。本发明棉用匀染剂不含烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚类和可吸附的有机卤化物类等禁用物质，易溶于水，耐酸、耐碱、耐硬水，低泡，便于使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纺织印染技术领域，尤其是涉及一种多组分原料混合制备的不不含禁用物质的棉用匀染剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着ISO14000的颁布与实施以及国内外市场对生态纺织品和环境保护的要求越来越高，环保型助剂成为国内外纺织助剂厂商竞相开发的产品。
在织物染色过程中根据纤维特点使用各种不同的染料，各类染料用于纤维染色时，往往会产生染色不匀的现象，造成色花。解决染色不匀最常用的方法是染色加工时添加匀染剂。匀染剂就是在染色过程中，能够增强移染或延缓染色速度而获得均匀染色效果的助剂。
对于不同的染料，往往都有相应配套的专用匀染剂，开发专用匀染剂以适应新纺织纤维和新染整技术的需要是匀染剂的发展方向之一。改性棉等改性纤维由于良好的使用效果而广受欢迎，但它们的染色往往需要特殊的匀染剂以达到良好的染色效果。活性染料分子用于棉纤维的染色时，由于上染速度不同的活性染料拼混使用时常会发生染色不匀的现象，因此必须加入适当的棉用匀染剂。棉用染料近年来的迅猛发展，对开发棉专用匀染剂也提出了更高的要求。
常用匀染剂中有些品种因含有烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚类和可吸附的有机卤化物，这些物质已经被要求禁用。寻找和开发不含禁用物质，且具有优异染色效果的棉用匀染剂成为印染领域的重要发展方向。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的上述问题，本发明申请人提供了一种棉用匀染剂及其制备方法。本发明棉用匀染剂不含烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚类和可吸附的有机卤化物类等禁用物质，易溶于水，耐酸、耐碱、耐硬水，低泡，便于使用。
本发明的技术方案如下：
一种棉用匀染剂，所述匀染剂所含原料及各原料的重量份数为：
所述四硼酸钠为十水四硼酸钠，十水四硼酸钠的含量为99％，粒度为100 目，相对密度1.73，熔点75℃。所述液碱为饱和的氢氧化钠溶液，质量百分浓度为50％。
所述葡萄糖酸钠的有效物含量大于98％，其10％水溶液的pH值为6.2-7.8。
所述亚甲基二萘磺酸钠的平均粒径为230-260um，其1％水溶液的pH值为 7-9。
一种所述棉用匀染剂的制备方法，所述制备方法包括如下步骤：
(1)在清洁的反应釜中加入去离子水10-16份，升温到50-60℃，加入16-30 份甘油，300-800转/分钟的转速下，搅拌10-15分钟至完全均匀；
(2)加入10-20份四硼酸钠，500-1000转/分钟的转速下，搅拌25-35分钟至完全均匀；
(3)200-800转/分钟搅拌状态下，缓慢加入6-12份液碱，搅拌10-20分钟至完全溶解；
(4)加入10-16份葡萄糖酸钠，200-800转/分钟的转速下，搅拌30-40分钟至完全溶解；
(5)加入15-25份亚甲基二萘磺酸钠，200-800转/分钟的转速下，搅拌30-40 分钟至完全溶解；
(6)用2-4份冰醋酸调节pH值至6-7，500-800转/分钟的转速下，搅拌20 分钟；所述冰醋酸在使用前先在密闭容器中稀释为20％的醋酸溶液；
(7)过滤放料，制得所述棉用匀染剂。
本发明有益的技术效果在于：
1、本发明棉用匀染剂是具有匀染、缓冲、螯合、分散和防皱功能的多效合一助剂，主要用于活性、直接等染料染棉的工艺中，可以提高活性染料的溶解度，防止染料沉淀，减缓固色速率，延长染料的迁移过程，明显改善棉纤维和再生纤维素纤维及其混纺纤维的染色操作安全性，大幅改善活性染料、直接染料染棉的染色重现性，大幅提高一次染色成功率，适合于各种活性染料(包括活性蓝C.I.19)和各种染色设备。
2、本发明棉用匀染剂所用四硼酸钠与葡萄糖酸钠协同作用，具有优良的分散、增溶和保护胶体作用及高温时防止染料凝聚效应，避免染料凝焦，对于染料具有非常优越的均染、渗透效果，并可以最大程度减少前处理带来的盐及碱对染色造成的影响，同时可以减少染色工艺中盐、碱用量20％左右。
3、本发明棉用匀染剂所用葡萄糖酸钠还起到螯合作用，螯合染浴中的钙、镁、铁、锰等金属离子，起到软化水质的作用，防止金属离子对染色的影响，防止染料凝聚，有利于获得鲜艳色泽。同时可防止金属离子破坏亚甲基二萘磺酸钠的分散性。
4、本发明棉用匀染剂所用亚甲基二萘磺酸钠，具有优良的分散性能，起到协助匀染的作用，可与阴离子和非离子表面活性剂同时使用，达到协同增效的作用；耐酸、耐碱、耐硬水、耐无机盐，易溶于任何硬度的水中。
5、本发明棉用匀染剂可对直接染料、活性染料提高分散力，能使染料在吸附阶段能均匀上染，尤其用于拼色时，解决了由于不同染料对纤维的不同亲和力而产生的染色不匀现象；本发明棉用匀染剂还具有一定的助渗透能力，提高纤维的润湿性，有助均匀染色。
6、本发明采用原料冰醋酸在使用前经过稀释处理，其目的在于减少冰醋酸的挥发，严格掌控冰醋酸的添加量，同时避免冰醋酸挥发到空气中对人体的呼吸系统产生刺激。
附图说明
图1为本发明棉用匀染剂使用的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例，对本发明进行具体描述。
实施例1
一种棉用匀染剂，所述棉用匀染剂的制备方法为：
(1)在清洁的反应釜中加入去离子水16份，升温到60℃，加入30份甘油， 800转/分钟的转速下，搅拌15分钟至完全均匀；
(2)加入20份十水四硼酸钠，1000转/分钟的转速下，搅拌35分钟至完全均匀；
(3)800转/分钟搅拌状态下，缓慢加入12份液碱(质量百分浓度为50％)，搅拌20分钟至完全溶解；
(4)加入16份葡萄糖酸钠，800转/分钟的转速下，搅拌40分钟至完全溶解；
(5)加入25份亚甲基二萘磺酸钠，800转/分钟的转速下，搅拌40分钟至完全溶解；
(6)用4份冰醋酸调节pH值至7，800转/分钟的转速下，搅拌20分钟；所述冰醋酸在使用前先在密闭容器中稀释为20％的醋酸溶液；
(7)过滤放料，制得所述棉用匀染剂。
实施例2
一种棉用匀染剂，所述棉用匀染剂的制备方法为：
(1)在清洁的反应釜中加入去离子水10份，升温到50℃，加入16份甘油， 300转/分钟的转速下，搅拌10分钟至完全均匀；
(2)加入10份十水四硼酸钠，500转/分钟的转速下，搅拌25分钟至完全均匀；
(3)200转/分钟搅拌状态下，缓慢加入6份液碱(质量百分浓度为50％)，搅拌10分钟至完全溶解；
(4)加入10份葡萄糖酸钠，200转/分钟的转速下，搅拌30分钟至完全溶解；
(5)加入15份亚甲基二萘磺酸钠，200转/分钟的转速下，搅拌30分钟至完全溶解；
(6)用2份冰醋酸调节pH值至6，500转/分钟的转速下，搅拌20分钟；所述冰醋酸在使用前先在密闭容器中稀释为20％的醋酸溶液；
(7)过滤放料，制得所述棉用匀染剂。
实施例3
一种棉用匀染剂，所述棉用匀染剂的制备方法为：
(1)在清洁的反应釜中加入去离子水13份，升温到55℃，加入23份甘油，550转/分钟的转速下，搅拌12分钟至完全均匀；
(2)加入15份十水四硼酸钠，750转/分钟的转速下，搅拌30分钟至完全均匀；
(3)500转/分钟搅拌状态下，缓慢加入9份液碱(质量百分浓度为50％)，搅拌15分钟至完全溶解；
(4)加入13份葡萄糖酸钠，500转/分钟的转速下，搅拌35分钟至完全溶解；
(5)加入20份亚甲基二萘磺酸钠，500转/分钟的转速下，搅拌35分钟至完全溶解；
(6)用3份冰醋酸调节pH值至6.5，650转/分钟的转速下，搅拌20分钟；所述冰醋酸在使用前先在密闭容器中稀释为20％的醋酸溶液；
(7)过滤放料，制得所述棉用匀染剂。
测试例：
如图1所示，在水中加入棉织物布样，让其充分润湿，然后加入1g/L本发明实施例1所得棉用匀染剂，20分钟后，加入1％OWF的活性染料，10分钟后，加入30g/L元明粉，然后开始升温，升温速率为2℃/分钟，升温到60℃后，保温30分钟，加入15g/L纯碱，运行45分钟，然后排液，将棉织物布样进行冷水洗、皂洗、冷水洗、烘干，制得染色棉织物布样。
烘干的染色棉织物布样冷却至室温后，评估测试结果。测试结果如表1所示。由表1数据可以看出：本发明棉用匀染剂的匀染性均优于市售棉用匀染剂RH12。
表1
| 产品 | 实施例1 | RH12 |
| 匀染性 | +++++ | ++++ |
注：+越多，表示匀染性越好，效果越佳。
Claims (7)
1.一种棉用匀染剂，其特征在于所述匀染剂所含原料及各原料的重量份数为：
2.根据权利要求1所述的棉用匀染剂，其特征在于所述四硼酸钠为十水四硼酸钠，十水四硼酸钠的含量为99％，粒度为100目，相对密度1.73，熔点75℃。
3.根据权利要求1所述的棉用匀染剂，其特征在于所述液碱为饱和的氢氧化钠溶液，质量百分浓度为50％。
4.根据权利要求1所述的棉用匀染剂，其特征在于所述葡萄糖酸钠的有效物含量大于98％，其10％水溶液的pH值为6.2-7.8。
5.根据权利要求1所述的棉用匀染剂，其特征在于所述亚甲基二萘磺酸钠的平均粒径为230-260um，其1％水溶液的pH值为7-9。
6.一种权利要求1所述棉用匀染剂的制备方法，其特征在于所述制备方法包括如下步骤：
(1)在清洁的反应釜中加入去离子水10-16份，升温到50-60℃，加入16-30份甘油，300-800转/分钟的转速下，搅拌10-15分钟至完全均匀；
(2)加入10-20份四硼酸钠，500-1000转/分钟的转速下，搅拌25-35分钟至完全均匀；
(3)200-800转/分钟搅拌状态下，缓慢加入6-12份液碱，搅拌10-20分钟至完全溶解；
(4)加入10-16份葡萄糖酸钠，200-800转/分钟的转速下，搅拌30-40分钟至完全溶解；
(5)加入15-25份亚甲基二萘磺酸钠，200-800转/分钟的转速下，搅拌30-40分钟至完全溶解；
(6)用2-4份冰醋酸调节pH值至6-7，500-800转/分钟的转速下，搅拌20分钟；
(7)过滤放料，制得所述棉用匀染剂。
7.根据权利要求6所述的制备方法，其特征在于步骤(6)中所述冰醋酸在使用前先在密闭容器中稀释为20％的醋酸溶液。
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