CN107326670B - 一种耐磨超疏水纺织品涂层及制备方法 - Google Patents

一种耐磨超疏水纺织品涂层及制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107326670B
CN107326670B CN201710620346.5A CN201710620346A CN107326670B CN 107326670 B CN107326670 B CN 107326670B CN 201710620346 A CN201710620346 A CN 201710620346A CN 107326670 B CN107326670 B CN 107326670B
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薛朝华
李幸
安秋凤
贾顺田
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Shaanxi University of Science and Technology
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Abstract

本发明提供一种耐磨超疏水纺织品涂层及制备方法,首先,将纺织品放入N,N‑二甲基乙酰胺和邻苯二甲酸二辛酯作为混合溶剂溶解的聚偏氟乙烯涂层液中,使纺织品被聚偏氟乙烯涂层液所浸透;然后,将浸渍有聚偏氟乙烯涂层液的涤纶纺织品取出并放入大量乙醇溶液中浸渍12小时,使聚偏氟乙烯涂层液在纺织品表面发生非溶剂相转换而形成粗糙涂层;最后,将织物取出干燥,获得聚偏氟乙烯处理的超疏水纺织品涂层。通过本发明制备的超疏水纺织品涂层经过2000次的摩擦、24h的酸/碱溶液浸渍、100h的紫外辐射后,其水滴接触角仍大于150°,表现出优异的超疏水稳定性。

Description

一种耐磨超疏水纺织品涂层及制备方法
【技术领域】
本发明属于功能化纺织品的技术领域,特别涉及一种耐磨超疏水纺织品涂层及制备方法。
【背景技术】
超疏水表面是指水在固体表面的接触角大于150°,滚动角小于10°的表面。近年来,随着新型疏水材料的研究在化工、自清洁、服装、流体减阻、机械防腐等众多领域不断取得令人瞩目的成果,超疏水表面的研究如今已成为一个热点,许多不同的制备原料和新颖的工艺都得到了不同程度的发展。目前,制备超疏水表面的途径主要有两种:(1)在低表面能物质上构筑粗糙结构;(2)在粗糙表面修饰低表面能物质;由于纺织品其廉价易得、并且易于加工着色而被广泛使用。而目前制备超疏水纺织品的常用方法有溶胶-凝胶法、层层组装法、纳米粒子负载法、刻蚀法、水热法、气相沉积法等。虽然以上方法可以制得超疏水表面,然而要实现超疏水表面的广泛应用还存在一些问题,如超疏水与基地的结合能力较差,容易受到外界的机械磨损而失去超疏水性,所以制备具有耐磨性的超疏水表面具有重要的意义。
【发明内容】
为解决现有技术中存在的问题,本发明提供一种耐磨超疏水纺织品涂层及制备方法,以解决现有超疏水纺织品涂层差的机械耐磨性,最终获得一种耐磨超疏水纺织品涂层。
为达到上述目的,本发明采用如下技术方案:
一种耐磨超疏水纺织品涂层的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤1,将纺织品浸入聚偏氟乙烯涂层液中,使纺织品被聚偏氟乙烯涂层液所浸透,该聚偏氟乙烯涂层液制备过程如下:将聚偏氟乙烯加热溶解到N,N-二甲基乙酰胺和邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)的混合液中,即得到聚偏氟乙烯涂层液;
步骤2,然后将浸渍有聚偏氟乙烯涂层液的纺织品转移入乙醇溶液中浸渍,使聚偏氟乙烯涂层液在纺织品表面发生非溶剂相转换而形成粗糙涂层;
步骤3,最后将纺织品取出干燥,即得耐磨超疏水纺织品涂层。
所述N,N-二甲基乙酰胺和邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)的混合液中,N,N-二甲基乙酰胺和邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)的质量比为1:1。
所述步骤1中的聚偏氟乙烯涂层液中,聚偏氟乙烯的质量百分数为10%-15%。
所述步骤1中,制备聚偏氟乙烯涂层液过程中,聚偏氟乙烯涂层液的温度为80-100℃。
所述步骤1中,纺织品浸入聚偏氟乙烯涂层液中5-10min。
所述步骤2中,浸渍有聚偏氟乙烯涂层液的纺织品在乙醇溶液中浸渍8-15h。
所述纺织品为涤纶纺织品。
一种耐磨超疏水纺织品涂层,通过上述方法制备,该耐磨超疏水纺织品涂层表面的接触角为154.5°~164.5°,滚动角小于10°。
与现有技术相比,本发明的积极进步效果在于:
本发明鉴于聚偏氟乙烯是一种性能优良的含氟聚合物,具有优良的力学性能和化学稳定性,本发明利用聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)为涂层主体材料,以纺织品为基材,拟通过溶剂-非溶剂相转换法以期获得具有优异耐磨性的超疏水纺织品涂层;本发明采用常温溶剂N,N-二甲基乙酰胺和高温稀释剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯在高温下溶解低表面能物质聚偏氟乙烯,利用溶剂-非溶剂相转换法在纤维表面形成多级粗糙结构,该方法利用低表面能聚合物的疏水性和形成的多级微/纳复合粗糙结构的共同作用成功制备超疏水纺织品,不需要外加纳米颗粒,也正是由于形成的这种多级粗糙结构使得制备的超疏水纺织品具有优异的耐摩擦稳定性。
【附图说明】
图1为水滴滴在本发明的纺织品涂层上之后,其表面的静态接触角示意图。
图2为水滴滴在经2000次摩擦后的本发明的纺织品涂层表面,其对应的静态接触角示意图。
【具体实施方式】
为了便于理解本发明,列举实施例如下。但本发明并不局限于这些实施例,本技术领域相关人员应了解,所举实施例仅用于帮助理解本发明,不应该视其为对本发明的具体限制,而本发明要求保护的范围也并不局限于实施例列举的范围。
本发明采用方案如下:
耐磨超疏水纺织品涂层的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
a、聚偏氟乙烯涂层液的制备:
将聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)加热溶解到N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)和邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)的混合液中,其中,N,N-二甲基乙酰胺和邻苯二甲酸二辛酯(DOP)的质量比为1:1,聚偏氟乙烯的质量百分数为10%-15%;
b、耐磨超疏水纺织品涂层的制备:
将纺织品(如涤纶)浸入温度为80-100℃的聚偏氟乙烯涂层液中5-10min,使纺织品被涂层液所浸透;然后,将浸渍有聚偏氟乙烯涂层液的纺织品取出并放入大量乙醇溶液中浸渍8-15h,使聚偏氟乙烯涂层液在纺织品表面发生非溶剂相转换而形成粗糙涂层;最后,将织物取出干燥,获得聚偏氟乙烯处理的超疏水纺织品涂层。
下面结合实施例、图1和图2来对本发明的制备方法进行进一步的说明。
实施例1
将PVDF溶于DMAc和DOP质量比为1:1的混合溶剂中得到聚偏氟乙烯涂层液,聚偏氟乙烯涂层液中PVDF的质量百分数为12%,在85℃下搅拌4h形成热的聚偏氟乙烯涂层液;然后,将涤纶纺织品浸于前述聚偏氟乙烯涂层液中5min,使纺织品被涂层液所浸透,接着,将浸渍有聚偏氟乙烯涂层液的涤纶纺织品取出后放入大量乙醇溶液中,12h后取出并干燥,即获得聚偏氟乙烯处理的超疏水纺织品涂层,所得纺织品表面的接触角为160.4°±2.4°,滚动角小于7°,另外,经2000次摩擦后纺织品表面的接触角仍大于150°,具有良好的超疏水性。
实施例2
将PVDF溶于DMAc和DOP质量比为1:1的混合溶剂中得到聚偏氟乙烯涂层液,聚偏氟乙烯涂层液中PVDF的质量百分数为12%,在90℃下搅拌4h形成热的聚偏氟乙烯涂层液;然后,将涤纶纺织品浸于前述聚偏氟乙烯涂层液中5min,使纺织品被涂层液所浸透,接着,将浸渍有聚偏氟乙烯涂层液的涤纶纺织品取出后放入大量乙醇溶液中,12h后取出并干燥,即获得聚偏氟乙烯处理的超疏水纺织品涂层,所得纺织品表面的接触角为159.7°±3.5°,滚动角小于7°,另外,经2000次摩擦后纺织品表面的接触角仍大于150°,具有良好的超疏水性。
实施例3
将PVDF溶于DMAc和DOP质量比为1:1的混合溶剂中得到聚偏氟乙烯涂层液,聚偏氟乙烯涂层液中PVDF的质量百分数为15%,在100℃下搅拌4h形成热的聚偏氟乙烯涂层液。然后,将涤纶纺织品浸于前述聚偏氟乙烯涂层液中5min,使纺织品被涂层液所浸透,接着,将浸渍有PVDF涂层液的纺织品取出后放入大量乙醇溶液中,8h后取出并干燥,即获得聚偏氟乙烯处理的超疏水纺织品涂层,所得纺织品表面的接触角为161.5°±3.0°,滚动角小于6°,另外,经2000次摩擦后纺织品表面的接触角仍大于150°,具有良好的超疏水性。
实施例4
将PVDF溶于DMAc和DOP质量比为1:1的混合溶剂中得到聚偏氟乙烯涂层液,聚偏氟乙烯涂层液中PVDF的质量百分数为10%,在100℃下搅拌4h形成热的聚偏氟乙烯涂层液,然后,将涤纶纺织品浸于前述聚偏氟乙烯涂层液中5min,使纺织品被涂层液所浸透,接着,将浸渍有聚偏氟乙烯涂层液的纺织品取出后放入大量乙醇溶液中,8h后取出并干燥,即获得聚偏氟乙烯处理的超疏水纺织品涂层,所得纺织品表面的接触角为158.8°±4.3°,滚动角小于10°。另外,经2000次摩擦后纺织品表面的接触角仍大于150°,具有良好的超疏水性。
如图2所示,结合图1,通过对本发明制备的超疏水纺织品涂层经过2000次的摩擦、24h的酸/碱溶液浸渍、100h的紫外辐射后,其水滴接触角仍大于150°,表现出优异的超疏水稳定性。

Claims (3)

1.一种耐磨超疏水纺织品涂层的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
步骤1,将纺织品浸入聚偏氟乙烯涂层液中,使纺织品被聚偏氟乙烯涂层液所浸透,该聚偏氟乙烯涂层液制备过程如下:将聚偏氟乙烯加热溶解到N,N-二甲基乙酰胺和邻苯二甲酸二辛酯的混合液中,即得到聚偏氟乙烯涂层液;
步骤2,然后将浸渍有聚偏氟乙烯涂层液的纺织品转移入乙醇溶液中浸渍,使聚偏氟乙烯涂层液在纺织品表面发生非溶剂相转换而形成粗糙涂层;
步骤3,最后将纺织品取出干燥,即得耐磨超疏水纺织品涂层;
所述N,N-二甲基乙酰胺和邻苯二甲酸二辛酯的混合液中,N,N-二甲基乙酰胺和邻苯二甲酸二辛酯的质量比为1:1;
所述步骤1中的聚偏氟乙烯涂层液中,聚偏氟乙烯的质量百分数为10%-15%;
制备聚偏氟乙烯涂层液过程中,聚偏氟乙烯涂层液的加热温度为80-100℃;
纺织品浸入聚偏氟乙烯涂层液中5-10min;
浸渍有聚偏氟乙烯涂层液的纺织品在乙醇溶液中浸渍8-15h。
2.根据权利要求1所述的耐磨超疏水纺织品涂层的制备方法,其特征在于,所述纺织品为涤纶纺织品。
3.一种耐磨超疏水纺织品涂层,其特征在于,通过权利要求1或2所述的耐磨超疏水纺织品涂层的制备方法制得,该耐磨超疏水纺织品涂层表面的接触角为154.5°~164.5°,滚动角小于10°。
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