CN107326535B - 低熔点植物纤维板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

低熔点植物纤维板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN107326535B
CN107326535B CN201710432857.4A CN201710432857A CN107326535B CN 107326535 B CN107326535 B CN 107326535B CN 201710432857 A CN201710432857 A CN 201710432857A CN 107326535 B CN107326535 B CN 107326535B
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CN107326535A (zh
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赵庆峰
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Changzhou Saifan Bedding Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Wuxi Teng Fiber Products Co Ltd
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4374—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece using different kinds of webs, e.g. by layering webs
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/425—Cellulose series
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
    • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/48—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation
    • D04H1/488—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres in combination with at least one other method of consolidation in combination with bonding agents
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
    • D04H1/587—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives characterised by the bonding agents used

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Abstract

本发明所提供的低熔点植物纤维板及其制备方法涉及纤维板技术领域，目的在于提供一种环保，且使用寿命长的低熔点植物纤维板。本发明所提供的低熔点植物纤维板，包括：芯层，其组分为：以质量百分比计，植物纤维65％‑70％，涤纶短纤为3％‑6％，余量为PET；表层，其组分为：以质量百分比计，涤纶短纤65％‑78％，余量为PET；芯层的顶面和底面均设置有表层。优选地，所述芯层的组分为：以质量百分比计，植物纤维66％‑68％，涤纶短纤为4％‑5％，余量为PET；所述表层的组分为：以质量百分比计，涤纶短纤69％‑75％，余量为PET。

Description

低熔点植物纤维板及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及纤维板技术领域，具体涉及低熔点植物纤维板及其制备方法。
背景技术
植物纤维是绿色环保、环境友好型的可再生资源，材料特性适合应用于床板用品设计。目前比较常见的植物纤维床板为喷胶棕床垫，喷胶棕床垫是以棕纤维为主体材料，通过一定的加工工序，采用胶黏剂使之相互粘连，棕纤维之间交联成网状，形成胶点交结的多空结构及具有一定弹性的床芯，再在其表面覆以面料形成的床垫。虽然喷胶棕床垫在市场上大受欢迎，但是也应当注意到其甲醛严重超标，对人体严重危害。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种环保，且使用寿命长的低熔点植物纤维板。
第一方面，本发明所提供的低熔点植物纤维板，包括：
芯层，其组分为：以质量百分比计，植物纤维65％-70％，涤纶短纤为3％-6％，余量为PET；
表层，其组分为：以质量百分比计，涤纶短纤65％-78％，余量为PET；
芯层的顶面和底面均设置有表层。
优选地，所述芯层的组分为：以质量百分比计，植物纤维66％-68％，涤纶短纤为4％-5％，余量为PET；
所述表层的组分为：以质量百分比计，涤纶短纤69％-75％，余量为PET。
优选地，所述芯层的组分为：以质量百分比计，植物纤维67％，涤纶短纤为5％，余量为PET；
所述表层的组分为：以质量百分比计，涤纶短纤72％，余量为PET。
优选地，所述表层的厚度为1.2cm-1.7cm，芯层厚度为6cm-8cm。
优选地，所述表层的厚度为1.7cm，芯层厚度为8cm。
优选地，所述植物纤维为：麻纤维，竹纤维或棕纤维。
第二方面，本发明所提供的低熔点植物纤维板制备方法，包括如下步骤：
表层制备：将涤纶短纤进行开松，并将开松后的涤纶短纤梳理成网，得到涤纶短纤网；将胶状PET涂覆在涤纶短纤网上，冷凝，得到所述表层；
芯层制备：将植物纤维和涤纶短纤进行开松，将开松后的植物纤维和涤纶短纤混合梳理成网，得到混合纤维网；将胶状PET涂覆在涤纶短纤网上，冷凝，得到所述芯层；
针刺固结：在所述芯层的顶面和底面分别铺设所述表层；并将三者进行针刺固结，得到固结复合层；
热轧熔合：将固结复合层进行热轧处理，以使所述表层与所述芯层二者接触面相互熔合，得到熔合复合层；
冷却凝结：对熔合复合层进行迅速降温，至此得到所述低熔点植物纤维板。
优选地，针刺固结的植针密度为700枚/米-900枚/米。
优选地，所述热轧处理温度为170℃-185℃，热轧处理时间为10min-15min。
第三方面，本发明所提供的低熔点植物纤维板，由上述制备方法直接制备而成。
本发明所提供的低熔点植物纤维板包括芯层和表层，且芯层和表层的组分均为无污染环保材质，且经试验验证，本发明所提供的低熔点植物纤维板的使用寿命是现有市售的宣称具有较长寿命的床垫使用寿命的5.2倍及以上。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明技术方案的实施例进行详细的描述。以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案，因此只作为示例，而不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例一：
本发明实施例所提供的低熔点麻纤维板，包括：芯层和表层。芯层的组分为：以质量百分比计，麻纤维65％，涤纶短纤3％，余量为PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯，COC6H4COOCH2CH2O)；表层的组分为：以质量百分比计，涤纶短纤65％，余量为PET；芯层的顶面和底面均设置有表层。
制备方法包括如下步骤：
S01：表层制备：将涤纶短纤进行开松，并将开松后的涤纶短纤梳理成网，得到涤纶短纤网；将胶状PET涂覆在涤纶短纤网上，冷凝，得到所述表层；
S02：芯层制备：将麻纤维和涤纶短纤进行开松，将开松后的麻纤维和涤纶短纤混合梳理成网，得到混合纤维网；将胶状PET涂覆在涤纶短纤网上，冷凝，得到所述芯层；
S03：针刺固结：在所述芯层的顶面和底面分别铺设所述表层；并将三者进行针刺固结，得到固结复合层；其中针刺固结的植针密度为700枚/米。
S04：热轧熔合：将固结复合层进行热轧处理，以使所述表层与所述芯层二者接触面相互熔合，得到熔合复合层；热轧处理温度为185℃，热轧处理时间为15min。
S05：冷却凝结：对熔合复合层进行迅速降温，至此得到所述低熔点麻纤维板。
实施例二
本发明实施例所提供的低熔点竹纤维板，包括：芯层和表层。芯层的组分为：以质量百分比计，竹纤维70％，涤纶短纤6％，余量为PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯，COC6H4COOCH2CH2O)；表层的组分为：以质量百分比计，涤纶短纤78％，余量为PET；芯层的顶面和底面均设置有表层。
制备方法包括如下步骤：
S01：表层制备：将涤纶短纤进行开松，并将开松后的涤纶短纤梳理成网，得到涤纶短纤网；将胶状PET涂覆在涤纶短纤网上，冷凝，得到所述表层；
S02：芯层制备：将竹纤维和涤纶短纤进行开松，将开松后的竹纤维和涤纶短纤混合梳理成网，得到混合纤维网；将胶状PET涂覆在涤纶短纤网上，冷凝，得到所述芯层；
S03：针刺固结：在所述芯层的顶面和底面分别铺设所述表层；并将三者进行针刺固结，得到固结复合层；其中针刺固结的植针密度为900枚/米。
S04：热轧熔合：将固结复合层进行热轧处理，以使所述表层与所述芯层二者接触面相互熔合，得到熔合复合层；热轧处理温度为170℃，热轧处理时间为10min。
S05：冷却凝结：对熔合复合层进行迅速降温，至此得到所述低熔点竹纤维板。
实施例三
本发明实施例所提供的低熔点麻纤维板，包括：芯层和表层。芯层的组分为：以质量百分比计，麻纤维66％，涤纶短4％，余量为PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯，COC6H4COOCH2CH2O)；表层的组分为：以质量百分比计，涤纶短纤69％，余量为PET；芯层的顶面和底面均设置有表层。
制备方法包括如下步骤：
S01：表层制备：将涤纶短纤进行开松，并将开松后的涤纶短纤梳理成网，得到涤纶短纤网；将胶状PET涂覆在涤纶短纤网上，冷凝，得到所述表层；
S02：芯层制备：将麻纤维和涤纶短纤进行开松，将开松后的麻纤维和涤纶短纤混合梳理成网，得到混合纤维网；将胶状PET涂覆在涤纶短纤网上，冷凝，得到所述芯层；
S03：针刺固结：在所述芯层的顶面和底面分别铺设所述表层；并将三者进行针刺固结，得到固结复合层；其中针刺固结的植针密度为800枚/米。
S04：热轧熔合：将固结复合层进行热轧处理，以使所述表层与所述芯层二者接触面相互熔合，得到熔合复合层；热轧处理温度为175℃，热轧处理时间为12min。
S05：冷却凝结：对熔合复合层进行迅速降温，至此得到所述低熔点麻纤维板。
实施例四
本发明实施例所提供的低熔点棕纤维板，包括：芯层和表层。芯层的组分为：以质量百分比计，棕纤维68％，涤纶短纤5％，余量为PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯，COC6H4COOCH2CH2O)；表层的组分为：以质量百分比计，涤纶短纤75％，余量为PET；芯层的顶面和底面均设置有表层。
制备方法包括如下步骤：
S01：表层制备：将涤纶短纤进行开松，并将开松后的涤纶短纤梳理成网，得到涤纶短纤网；将胶状PET涂覆在涤纶短纤网上，冷凝，得到所述表层；
S02：芯层制备：将棕纤维和涤纶短纤进行开松，将开松后的棕纤维和涤纶短纤混合梳理成网，得到混合纤维网；将胶状PET涂覆在涤纶短纤网上，冷凝，得到所述芯层；
S03：针刺固结：在所述芯层的顶面和底面分别铺设所述表层；并将三者进行针刺固结，得到固结复合层；其中针刺固结的植针密度为750枚/米。
S04：热轧熔合：将固结复合层进行热轧处理，以使所述表层与所述芯层二者接触面相互熔合，得到熔合复合层；热轧处理温度为180℃，热轧处理时间为14min。
S05：冷却凝结：对熔合复合层进行迅速降温，至此得到所述低熔点棕纤维板。
实施例五
本发明实施例所提供的低熔点棕纤维板，包括：芯层和表层。芯层的组分为：以质量百分比计，棕纤维67％，涤纶短纤5％，余量为PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯，COC6H4COOCH2CH2O)；表层的组分为：以质量百分比计，涤纶短纤72％，余量为PET；芯层的顶面和底面均设置有表层。
制备方法包括如下步骤：
S01：表层制备：将涤纶短纤进行开松，并将开松后的涤纶短纤梳理成网，得到涤纶短纤网；将胶状PET涂覆在涤纶短纤网上，冷凝，得到所述表层；
S02：芯层制备：将棕纤维和涤纶短纤进行开松，将开松后的棕纤维和涤纶短纤混合梳理成网，得到混合纤维网；将胶状PET涂覆在涤纶短纤网上，冷凝，得到所述芯层；
S03：针刺固结：在所述芯层的顶面和底面分别铺设所述表层；并将三者进行针刺固结，得到固结复合层；其中针刺固结的植针密度为850枚/米。
S04：热轧熔合：将固结复合层进行热轧处理，以使所述表层与所述芯层二者接触面相互熔合，得到熔合复合层；热轧处理温度为185℃，热轧处理时间为15min。
S05：冷却凝结：对熔合复合层进行迅速降温，至此得到所述低熔点棕纤维板。
上述五个实施例均是提供的植物纤维板，并不是成型的床垫，而如果想制作特定尺寸的床垫，则在植物纤维板上直接裁切即可获得。
为了验证本发明实施例所提供的植物纤维板的耐久性，分别从上述五个实施例中选取一个植物纤维板，同时选取了3款现有市售的宣称具有较长寿命的床垫作对比试验，其中耐久性实验按照QB-1952.2-2004《软体家具-弹簧软床垫》进行，实验结果如下：
单位：万次
由上述实验结果可知，就耐久性而言，本发明实施例所提供的植物纤维板为现有市售宣称具有较长寿命的床垫的5.2及以上，也即本发明实施例所提供的植物纤维板的使用寿命是现有市售床垫的5.2倍及以上。另外从实验后的外观结果可知，本发明实施例所提供的植物纤维板的表层均无破损无位移，而对比实验的面料要么有破损要么有位置，或者既有破面又有位移，由此可知本发明中的表层不仅自身强度大，而且其与芯层结合的强度也非常大，有效地提高了植物纤维板整体的使用寿命。
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述各实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分或者全部技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不使相应技术方案的本质脱离本发明各实施例技术方案的范围，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求和说明书的范围当中。

Claims (8)

1.低熔点植物纤维板，其特征在于，包括：
芯层，其组分为：以质量百分比计，植物纤维65％-70％，涤纶短纤为3％-6％，余量为胶状PET；
表层，其组分为：以质量百分比计，涤纶短纤65％-78％，余量为胶状PET；
芯层的顶面和底面均设置有表层；
制备方法，包括如下步骤：
表层制备：将涤纶短纤进行开松，并将开松后的涤纶短纤梳理成网，得到涤纶短纤网；将胶状PET涂覆在涤纶短纤网上，冷凝，得到所述表层；
芯层制备：将植物纤维和涤纶短纤进行开松，将开松后的植物纤维和涤纶短纤混合梳理成网，得到混合纤维网；将胶状PET涂覆在混合纤维网上，冷凝，得到所述芯层；
针刺固结：在所述芯层的顶面和底面分别铺设所述表层；并将三者进行针刺固结，得到固结复合层；
热轧熔合：将固结复合层进行热轧处理，以使所述表层与所述芯层二者接触面相互熔合，得到熔合复合层；
冷却凝结：对熔合复合层进行迅速降温，至此得到所述低熔点植物纤维板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的低熔点植物纤维板，其特征在于，
所述芯层的组分为：以质量百分比计，植物纤维66％-68％，涤纶短纤为4％-5％，余量为胶状PET；
所述表层的组分为：以质量百分比计，涤纶短纤69％-75％，余量为胶状PET。
3.根据权利要求1所述的低熔点植物纤维板，其特征在于，
所述芯层的组分为：以质量百分比计，植物纤维67％，涤纶短纤为5％，余量为胶状PET；
所述表层的组分为：以质量百分比计，涤纶短纤72％，余量为胶状PET。
4.根据权利要求1所述的低熔点植物纤维板，其特征在于，所述表层的厚度为1.2cm-1.7cm，芯层厚度为6cm-8cm。
5.根据权利要求1所述的低熔点植物纤维板，其特征在于，所述表层的厚度为1.7cm，芯层厚度为8cm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的低熔点植物纤维板，其特征在于，所述植物纤维为：麻纤维，竹纤维或棕纤维。
7.根据权利要求1所述的低熔点植物纤维板，其特征在于，针刺固结的植针密度为700枚/米-900枚/米。
8.根据权利要求1所述的低熔点植物纤维板，其特征在于，所述热轧处理温度为170℃-185℃，热轧处理时间为10min-15min。
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