CN107310244A - The processing method of solar energy electrode printing screen plate - Google Patents
The processing method of solar energy electrode printing screen plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN107310244A CN107310244A CN201710478474.0A CN201710478474A CN107310244A CN 107310244 A CN107310244 A CN 107310244A CN 201710478474 A CN201710478474 A CN 201710478474A CN 107310244 A CN107310244 A CN 107310244A
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- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013527 degreasing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001259 photo etching Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000282312 Proteles Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 18
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 18
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 abstract description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930000044 secondary metabolite Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920004933 Terylene® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000008216 herbs Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41C—PROCESSES FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR REPRODUCTION OF PRINTING SURFACES
- B41C1/00—Forme preparation
- B41C1/14—Forme preparation for stencil-printing or silk-screen printing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/20—Exposure; Apparatus therefor
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03F—PHOTOMECHANICAL PRODUCTION OF TEXTURED OR PATTERNED SURFACES, e.g. FOR PRINTING, FOR PROCESSING OF SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; MATERIALS THEREFOR; ORIGINALS THEREFOR; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED THEREFOR
- G03F7/00—Photomechanical, e.g. photolithographic, production of textured or patterned surfaces, e.g. printing surfaces; Materials therefor, e.g. comprising photoresists; Apparatus specially adapted therefor
- G03F7/26—Processing photosensitive materials; Apparatus therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
- H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Printed Wiring (AREA)
- Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the processing method of solar energy electrode printing screen plate, belong to chemical technology field.The present invention includes material skimming processes and material drying course, screen painting electrode of solar battery is etched using precision metal, be conducive to improving print thickness, width consistency, the dimensional accuracy (screen cloth is not present and weaves node) of electrode, and then the stabilization of the conversion ratio to battery, improve and play facilitation.The raising of electrode print quality, while the overall yield rate of solar cell processing is also with improve, yields improves 5~10%.The raising of electrode print quality, can more precisely control print thickness and develop to ultra-thin direction, effectively lower the consuming cost of silver paste.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the processing method of solar energy electrode printing screen plate, belong to chemical technology field.
Background technology
Solar power generation, also known as photovoltaic generation, are a kind of technologies that luminous energy is directly translated into electric energy, and its cardinal principle is
The photovoltaic effect of interface, be exactly briefly：Sunshine is radiated at doping or is diffused with the list of trace amounts of phosphorus, boron element
Crystal silicon or polysilicon solar cell front, accurate, the tiny electrode of battery front side (print silver usually using screen mesh printing plate
Slurry) it to be responsible for collecting electronics, electronics is moved from N polar regions to P polar regions, forms electric current, the electric current that will be produced on all solar cells
Collect, be exactly solar power generation.It can be seen that solar cell is the key foundation for realizing this technology of solar power generation
Part.
The common production process of solar cell is：
Silicon chip cuts cleaning → surface corrosion → making herbs into wool → diffusion → electrode print → drying → high temperature sintering → detection, from
In it can be seen that solar monocrystalline silicon, the printing of polysilicon electrode, be the core process in solar cell manufacturing process.The sun
Can electricity conversion (abbreviation：Conversion ratio), it is an important indicator for weighing solar cell properties, in the market is generally 13~
18%.The sunshine illumination of the power output ÷ irradiations of solar photoelectric transformation efficiency=solar cell on the solar cell
Power.Influence solar energy conversion ratio in addition to silicon chip quality in itself, the quality printed with electrode of solar battery is closely related.
Electrode of solar battery printing quality quality, directly affects performance, the conversion ratio of solar cell, is related to problem such as
Under：
1. the uniformity of electrode print thickness, stability.
A. the uniformity of electrode print thickness, stability are bad, and solar cell contact resistance size is directly affected first
Uniformity, stability, from conversion ratio formula analysis, the power output of Resistance Influence battery, so that finally influence luminous energy turns
Rate.
B. the uniformity of electrode print thickness, stability are bad, influence the encapsulation and installation of solar cell, can cause too
It is positive can battery crackle, broken.
C. electrode print is blocked up, and silver paste consumption is big, causes printing cost to increase.
2. the uniformity of electrode print width, stability.
Front electrode of solar battery printing belongs to accurate printing, the width of gate electrode line it is increasingly thinner (0.1~
0.12mm), the spacing of grid line is less and less narrow (below 1mm).Uniformity, the stability of electrode print width are bad, direct shadow
The printing area of electrode is rung, and then influences light-receiving area, contact resistance of solar battery front side etc. to directly affect solar-electricity
The parameter of pond power output, finally influences conversion ratio.For example：Gate electrode line width 0.1mm, length 100mm, if printing precision
It can ensure in ± 0.005mm, then maximum area=0.105*100.005=10.500525 square millimeters printed, than theory
Printing area is big 0.500525 square millimeter, increasing degree 5%；Conversely, minimum print area=0.095*99.995=
It is 9.499525 square millimeters, smaller than theoretical printing area 0.500475 square millimeter, reduce amplitude 5%.One strip electrode grid line
Printing area rate of change changes in the range of -5%~+5%, then about at least 400~500 on one piece of solar cell
Gate electrode line, at most there is 1,000, or even thousands of strip electrode grid lines, in the case where conversion ratio lifting 1% is all highly difficult, printing surface
Long-pending accumulated error can not be ignored.Electrode print has direct shadow using the emulsion layer thickness on half tone to the fine degree of printing
Ring, with the increase of emulsion layer thickness, silver paste transfer can be caused difficult, it is possible to cause graphics details to be lost, therefore figure prints
Brush is finer, and half tone emulsion layer thickness requirement is thinner.The half tone substantially silk screen that current electrode of solar battery printing is used
(material includes half tone：Nylon, terylene, thin,tough silk, stainless (steel) wire etc.), be not easy to clean up after printing, especially silk screen warp,
Silver paste is easily remained at the node that parallel intersects, in production next time, printing is easily caused bad.Electrode of solar battery prints
The half tone used after some time of use, is easily deformed, and the problem of scoring a goal, service life is short.
The content of the invention
Above-mentioned in order to overcome the shortcomings of, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of processing printed accurate printing net of fine etching
The method of version, this method can overcome drawbacks described above.
The technical scheme that the present invention takes is as follows：
The processing method of solar energy electrode printing screen plate, including material skimming processes and material drying course,
The first step：Material degreasing, the material degreasing method comprises the following steps：
1. utral degreaser is used, is matched by 3% concentration and pure water, concentration is by weight preparation；
2. the solution temperature after matching is controlled in the range of 30 DEG C ± 2 DEG C,
3. transmission speed of the metal material in degreasing equipment is controlled in 1.5m~2.0m/min,
4. then utral degreaser is sprayed using first soaking 30 seconds or so, and spray pressure is controlled at 0.5~0.8Kg/ squares
Centimetre,
5. the material after degreasing degreasing is by 3 grades of pure water cleaning showers, and water temperature is controlled in the range of 30 DEG C ± 2 DEG C, spray
Stress control is drenched at 0.5~0.8Kg/ square centimeters；
Second step：Material is dried, the material furnace drying method：60 DEG C ± 5 DEG C are electrically heated to using by air, to material list
The pure water in face is dried,
3rd step：Dry film is combined, and the dry film complex method comprises the following steps：
1. dry film combined temp：115 DEG C ± 5 DEG C,
2. dry film composite pressure：4Kg/ square centimeters of ＞,
3. it is special by the way of continuous be combined 2 times to ensure the adhesion between dry film and metal material；Normal condition
Under, dry film and metal material are compound referred to as once-combined by one group of pressure roller progress, are referred to as two by two groups of pressure rollers progress are compound
It is secondary compound.
4th step：The figure film is processed, and the figure film processing method comprises the following steps：
1. design configuration is drawn out using softwares such as CAD, Protel, Micro-Cap, Genesis, it is possible thereby to see
Go out figure, the shape of mesh can be the arbitrary shape for meeting design needs,
2. the figure of drafting is made by lithography on the film for scribble photosensitive material to come using 24000dpi litho machine,
3. the film after photoetching will could be used after development, fixing, drying,
5th step：Exposure, exposure method is that with photoetching the metal material for being combined good dry film is had into the film of figure parallel
It is exposed in light exposure machine, exposure energy is controlled in 60~80mj,
6th step：Development, developing method comprises the following steps：
1. the material after exposure stands more than 15 minutes in 23 DEG C ± 2 DEG C, the environment of 50% ± 5% humidity.
2. developed using developing machine, developer solution matched proportion density：Use sodium carbonate and pure water preparing developer liquid, sodium carbonate
Concentration 1%~1.5%, development temperature is controlled in the range of 30 DEG C ± 2 DEG C, and visualization way is developed using spray mode,
1.5 ± 0.2Kg/ square centimeters of developer pressure, developing time 45~60 seconds,
7th step：Drying, drying temperature is dried using air is electrically heated into 80 DEG C ± 5 DEG C to material；During drying
Between be 60 ± 5 seconds,
8th step：Fine etching, fine etching method comprises the following steps：
1. etching machine needs to use vacuum etch machine.The use of vacuum etch machine, is significantly reduced in etching and processing mistake
The pool effect produced in journey, can effectively improve etching precision,
2. use copper chloride acid etching liquid, copper content control in 180g ± 10g,
3. etching solution temperature：Control at 50 DEG C ± 2 DEG C,
4. sour concentration：2.5~3.0 moles/L,
5. potential value：More than 500,
6. spray pressure：1.0~3.0Kg/ square centimeters,
7. transfer rate：3.0m ± 1m/ minutes,
9th step：Check, check including as follows：
1. the size to metal screen printing plate is detected, is confirmed whether to meet drawing (design) requirement；
2. the outward appearance to metal screen printing plate is checked, is confirmed whether apparent flaws, leakage erosion (should etch, do not etch),
Erosion (position that should not be etched, etched) is oozed,
Tenth step：Taut net.The taut net of metal screen printing plate and screen mesh printing plate is substantially identical：Tension force after taut net is required
Uniformly, half tone surfacing.The processing of taut net comprises the following steps：
1. the side of metal screen printing plate four is wide simultaneously with 20~30mm width, equably sandwiches in chuck, the folder of the left and right sides
Head is first clamped, and lower chuck is then clamped again, and pave half tone.Silk thread is not present in metal screen printing plate, and surrounding is neat, can be easy to
Press from both sides into chuck, simple operation.
2. the taut net power of left and right directions is first applied, elastic deformation coefficient is small because of metal screen printing plate, the initial tension of application can be with
In 15N/CM, much larger than 6~9N/CM of taut net tension force of silk screen.
3. the taut net tension force of above-below direction is applied again, the power of application is equal to the power of left and right directions：15N/CM.
4. it is last, the taut net tension force of left and right, up and down direction is constantly finely tuned, until tension force is close to or up 20N/CM, while net
Version surfacing.About 30~60 minutes, the considerably shorter than taut net time of screen mesh printing plate the time required to taut net.Because the bullet of screen mesh printing plate
Property deformation coefficient it is big, in order to reduce the loss of taut net backward pull, it is necessary to the net that repeatedly stretches tight, when often stretching tight that once net will stand one section
Between, therefore total taut net time is long.
5. metal screen printing plate elastic deformation coefficient is small, after taut net terminates, the perforate size of mesh and using after a period of time
Mesh size is almost without difference.
The outward appearance to metal screen printing plate that 9th step is related to, which check, includes the tow sides inspection of metal screen printing plate.
The mesh of half tone can accomplish the two-sided chamfering for carrying 60 °~120 °, the two-sided chamfering for carrying 60 °~120 ° plus
Work method is as follows：
1. carry out being etched processing by the way of spray etching simultaneously using tow sides,
2. the fine etching of same 8th step of specific engraving method,
The mesh of half tone can accomplish that one side carries 60 °~120 ° of chamfering, its processing method：Sprayed using one side
The mode of etching is etched processing, when spray etching is processed, it is necessary to the side of etching and processing down, etching solution is sprayed upward
Drench, the metal screen printing plate machined parameters list of unlike material, thickness with 60 °~120 ° chamferings of one side is shown in embodiment table
2。
Beneficial effect of the present invention：
1. screen painting electrode of solar battery is etched using precision metal, is conducive to improving print thickness, the width of electrode
Uniformity, dimensional accuracy (screen cloth is not present and weaves node), and then the stabilization of the conversion ratio to battery are spent, raising is played promotion and made
With.
2. the raising of electrode print quality, while the overall yield rate of solar cell processing is also with improve, yields
Improve 5~10%.The raising of electrode print quality, can more precisely control print thickness and develop to ultra-thin direction, effectively
Lower the consuming cost of silver paste.
3. precision metal etching is highly developed technique, few using etch process processing metal screen printing plate human factor, net
Version quality gets up to be more prone to than screen mesh printing plate control, convenient, while greatly shortening making man-hour and production cost.To process
Exemplified by 156mm × 156mm solar cell half tones, the cost of screen mesh printing plate is at 300~400 yuan or so, and precision metal is etched
The cost of half tone only has 200 yuan or so.
4. the applicability material selection of precision metal etching half tone extensively, conveniently, corronil, copper alloy, spring steel, no
Rust steel etc. is all the applicability material of extraordinary making metal screen printing plate.
5. printing screen plate is made using metal, there is its exclusive advantage：Surface micro etching roughening, electronickelling, electricity can be carried out
It is silver-plated, effectively improve service life and printing suitability (presswork)；Meanwhile, the control of silver paste viscosity is in bigger scope
(10~100Pas).
6. printing screen plate is made using metal.Because in the absence of Weaving type node, the shape of mesh is varied, as long as
The combination for improving printing quality, various mesh forms, and different shape mesh is conducive to can be achieved；Mesh can be done simultaneously
60 °~120 ° are carried to the two-sided chamfering for carrying 60 °~120 °, or one side, is more beneficial for realizing higher printing precision.
Embodiment
The processing method of solar energy electrode printing screen plate, including material skimming processes and material drying course,
The first step：Material degreasing, the material degreasing method comprises the following steps：
1. utral degreaser is used, is matched by 3% concentration (weight ratio) and pure water,
2. the solution temperature after matching is controlled in the range of 30 DEG C ± 2 DEG C,
3. transmission speed of the metal material in degreasing equipment is controlled in 1.5m~2.0m/min,
4. then utral degreaser is sprayed using first soaking 30 seconds or so, and spray pressure is controlled at 0.5~0.8Kg/ squares
Centimetre,
5. the material after degreasing degreasing is by 3 grades of pure water cleaning showers, and water temperature is controlled in the range of 30 DEG C ± 2 DEG C, spray
Stress control is drenched at 0.5~0.8Kg/ square centimeters；
Second step：Material is dried, the material furnace drying method：60 DEG C ± 5 DEG C are electrically heated to using by air, to material list
The pure water in face is dried,
3rd step：Dry film is combined, and the dry film complex method comprises the following steps：
1. dry film combined temp：115 DEG C ± 5 DEG C,
2. dry film composite pressure：4Kg/ square centimeters of ＞,
3. it is special by the way of continuous be combined 2 times to ensure the adhesion between dry film and metal material；Normal condition
Under, dry film and metal material are compound referred to as once-combined by one group of pressure roller progress, are referred to as two by two groups of pressure rollers progress are compound
It is secondary compound.
4th step：The figure film is processed, and the figure film processing method comprises the following steps：
1. design configuration is drawn out using softwares such as CAD, Protel, Micro-Cap, Genesis, it is possible thereby to see
Go out figure, the shape of mesh can be the arbitrary shape for meeting design needs,
Screen mesh printing plate is woven using latitude and longitude, and mesh can only be square or approximate square, while mesh section is in silk screen
Mesh number can only have a kind of shape in the case of determining, percent opening is fixed, and the percent of pass of silver paste can not be adjusted substantially.If forcing to add
The percent of pass of big silver paste, only increases the power being applied on scraper, and the life-span of precision, half tone so to printing causes not
Good influence；If it is desired to reduction silver paste percent of pass or print thickness, can only reduce the power being applied on scraper, produced effect
Substantially sensitivity is not enough in other words for fruit, easily causes printing details missing.The half tone that fine etching makes is non-woven gold
Category silk screen can also be processed into equilateral triangle, regular hexagon etc. and meet desired arbitrary shape, it may be said that the shape of mesh whether there is
It is several.In the case where half tone mesh number is certain, the shape of mesh section mainly has 3 kinds, as long as selecting in this case different
Mesh section shape, it is possible to be easier to control, adjust percent of pass, the print thickness of silver paste.Different mesh section shapes
Shape, can be obtained by the distinctive process form processing of fine etching.
2. the figure of drafting is made by lithography on the film for scribble photosensitive material to come using 24000dpi litho machine,
3. the film after photoetching will could be used after development, fixing, drying,
5th step：Exposure, exposure method is that with photoetching the metal material for being combined good dry film is had into the film of figure parallel
It is exposed in light exposure machine, exposure energy is controlled in 60~80mj,
6th step：Development, developing method comprises the following steps：
1. the material after exposing stands more than 15 minutes in 23 DEG C ± 2 DEG C, the environment of 50% ± 5% humidity.
2. developed using developing machine, developer solution matched proportion density：Use sodium carbonate and pure water preparing developer liquid, sodium carbonate
Concentration 1%~1.5%, development temperature is controlled in the range of 30 DEG C ± 2 DEG C, and visualization way is developed using spray mode,
1.5 ± 0.2Kg/ square centimeters of developer pressure, developing time 45~60 seconds,
7th step：Drying, drying temperature is dried using air is electrically heated into 80 DEG C ± 5 DEG C to material；During drying
Between be 60 ± 5 seconds,
8th step：Fine etching, fine etching method comprises the following steps：
1. etching machine needs to use vacuum etch machine.The use of vacuum etch machine, is significantly reduced in etching and processing mistake
The pool effect produced in journey, can effectively improve etching precision,
2. use copper chloride acid etching liquid, copper content control in 180g ± 10g,
3. etching solution temperature：Control at 50 DEG C ± 2 DEG C,
4. sour concentration：2.5~3.0 moles/L,
5. potential value：More than 500,
6. spray pressure：1.0~3.0Kg/ square centimeters,
7. transfer rate：3.0m ± 1m/ minutes,
9th step：Check, check including as follows：
1. the size to metal screen printing plate is detected, is confirmed whether to meet drawing (design) requirement；
2. the outward appearance to metal screen printing plate is checked, is confirmed whether apparent flaws, leakage erosion (should etch, do not etch),
Erosion (position that should not be etched, etched) is oozed,
Tenth step：Taut net.The taut net of metal screen printing plate and screen mesh printing plate is substantially identical：Tension force after taut net is required
Uniformly, half tone surfacing.
Taut network process is as follows：
1. the side of metal screen printing plate four is wide simultaneously with 20~30mm width, equably sandwiches in chuck, the folder of the left and right sides
Head is first clamped, and lower chuck is then clamped again, and pave half tone.Silk thread is not present in metal screen printing plate, and surrounding is neat, can be easy to
Press from both sides into chuck, simple operation.
2. the taut net power of left and right directions is first applied, elastic deformation coefficient is small because of metal screen printing plate, the initial tension of application can be with
In 15N/CM, much larger than 6~9N/CM of taut net tension force of silk screen.
3. the taut net tension force of above-below direction is applied again, the power of application is equal to the power of left and right directions：15N/CM.
4. it is last, the taut net tension force of left and right, up and down direction is constantly finely tuned, until tension force is close to or up 20N/CM, while net
Version surfacing.About 30~60 minutes, the considerably shorter than taut net time of screen mesh printing plate the time required to taut net.Because the bullet of screen mesh printing plate
Property deformation coefficient it is big, in order to reduce the loss of taut net backward pull, it is necessary to the net that repeatedly stretches tight, when often stretching tight that once net will stand one section
Between, therefore total taut net time is long.
5. metal screen printing plate elastic deformation coefficient is small, after taut net terminates, the perforate size of mesh and using after a period of time
Mesh size is almost without difference.
The outward appearance to metal screen printing plate that 9th step is related to, which check, includes metal screen printing plate tow sides inspection.
The mesh of half tone can accomplish the two-sided chamfering for carrying 60 °~120 °, the two-sided chamfering for carrying 60 °~120 ° plus
Work method is as follows：
1. carry out being etched processing by the way of spray etching simultaneously using tow sides
2. fine etching of the specific engraving method with the 8th step.Machined parameters are as shown in table 1 below：
Table 1
The mesh of half tone can accomplish that one side carries 60 °~120 ° of chamfering, its processing method：Sprayed using one side
The mode of etching is etched processing, when spray etching is processed, it is necessary to the side of etching and processing down, etching solution is sprayed upward
Drench, the metal screen printing plate machined parameters of unlike material, thickness with 60 °~120 ° chamferings of one side are as shown in table 2 below：
Table 2
Screen mesh printing plate and fine etching half tone manufacture craft comparative illustration
1. screen mesh printing plate is typically made as using technique, silk screen degreasing → silk screen drying → emulsion configuration → photosensitive breast
Agent application (multiple) → emulsion drying → exposure → development → drying → colour-separation drafting → block → taut net matching somebody with somebody from emulsion
Beginning is put, to last taut net, middle manufacturing process has higher technical ability will mostly by artificial operation to operating personnel
Ask, once operational error, which easily causes half tone, makes failure, while the fabrication cycle of screen mesh printing plate is long, typically more than ten
~twenties hours.
2. the technique that fine etching makes half tone is that material degreasing → material drying → dry film is combined → figure film processing
→ exposure → development → drying → fine etching → inspection → taut net.It can be seen that in skill of being recorded workpoints from above, the net of fine etching processing
Version is except checking, taut net process has higher workmanship requirement outer to operating personnel, as long as the guarantee of remaining process is in strict accordance with setting
Standby operation is required, parameter is implemented, and the quality of half tone is readily obtained guarantee, while fabrication cycle only has 1~2 hour.In addition, because
Half tone uses metal material, and material includes corronil, copper alloy, spring steel, stainless steel, the stencil screen varisnt rate in taut net
Well below screen mesh printing plate.
The contrast of screen mesh printing plate and fine etching half tone mesh is as follows：
1. screen mesh printing plate is woven using latitude and longitude, and mesh can only be square or squarish, while mesh section is in silk screen
Mesh number can only have a kind of shape in the case of determining, percent opening is fixed, and the percent of pass of silver paste can not be adjusted substantially.If forcing to add
The percent of pass of big silver paste, only increases the power being applied on scraper, and the life-span of precision, half tone so to printing causes not
Good influence；If it is desired to reduction silver paste percent of pass or print thickness, can only reduce the power being applied on scraper, produced effect
Substantially sensitivity is not enough in other words for fruit, easily causes printing details missing.
2. the half tone mesh that fine etching makes can be diversified, be described as follows：
The half tone that fine etching makes is non-woven woven wire, can be processed into equilateral triangle, regular hexagon etc. full
The arbitrary shape that foot is required, it may be said that the shape of mesh has countless.
In the case where half tone mesh number is certain, the shape of mesh section mainly has 3 kinds, as long as selection is not in this case
Same mesh section shape, it is possible to be easier to control, adjust percent of pass, the print thickness of silver paste.Different mesh sections
Shape, can be obtained by the distinctive process form processing of fine etching.
The surface treatment of precision metal etching half tone is as follows：
Precision metal etches half tone because being metal material, can be surface-treated：Surface micro etching roughening, electronickelling, electricity
Chromium plating etc. is surface-treated.It is well known that the viscosity of screen mesh printing plate ink in printing influences larger, viscosity mistake to printing effect
Greatly, printing ink transfer can occurs difficult, trace integrality, attachment fastness and glossiness can all be deteriorated, or even cause wire drawing, network blocking
Etc. defect；Viscosity is too small, can expand trace, poor definition, easy dirty printing plate and printing.Surface treated precision metal erosion
I.e. printing suitability presswork can be effectively improved by carving half tone, and when printing silver paste, the viscosity of silver paste can be kept
In the larger context.For example：During printing, as solvent volatilizees, silver paste viscosity becomes big, also will not cause shadow to printing effect
Ring.If metal screen printing plate electroplating nickel on surface, electrodeposited chromium.The service life of half tone can also be improved.
The difference of screen mesh printing plate and fine etching half tone in terms of service life is as follows：
The general service life of screen mesh printing plate it is thousands of time~10,000 times or so, the service life of precision metal etching half tone because
Material difference and there is difference：
Corronil service life：More than 20000 times；
Copper alloy：15000~20000 times；
Spring steel：More than 25000 times；
Stainless steel：More than 30000 times.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles of the invention, that is made any repaiies
Change, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (5)
1. the processing method of solar energy electrode printing screen plate, including material skimming processes and material drying course, its feature
It is：
The first step：Material degreasing, the material degreasing method comprises the following steps：
1. utral degreaser is used, is matched by 3% concentration and pure water,
2. the solution temperature after matching is controlled in the range of 30 DEG C ± 2 DEG C,
3. transmission speed of the metal material in degreasing equipment is controlled in 1.5m~2.0m/min,
4. then utral degreaser is sprayed using first soaking 30 seconds or so, and spray pressure is controlled at 0.5~0.8Kg/ squares li
Rice,
5. the material after degreasing degreasing is by 3 grades of pure water cleaning showers, and water temperature is controlled in the range of 30 DEG C ± 2 DEG C, spray pressure
Power is controlled at 0.5~0.8Kg/ square centimeters；
Second step：Material is dried, the material furnace drying method：60 DEG C ± 5 DEG C are electrically heated to using by air, to material surface
Pure water is dried,
3rd step：Dry film is combined, and the dry film complex method comprises the following steps：
1. dry film combined temp：115 DEG C ± 5 DEG C,
2. dry film composite pressure：4Kg/ square centimeters of ＞,
3. dry film and metal material are combined by two groups of pressure rollers；
4th step：The figure film is processed, and the figure film processing method comprises the following steps：
1. design configuration is drawn out using softwares such as CAD, Protel, Micro-Cap, Genesis, it can be seen that figure
Shape, the shape of mesh can be the arbitrary shapes for meeting design needs,
2. the figure of drafting is made by lithography on the film for scribble photosensitive material to come using 24000dpi litho machine,
3. the film after photoetching will could be used after development, fixing, drying,
5th step：Exposure, exposure method is that the film that the metal material and photoetching that will be combined good dry film have figure exposes in directional light
It is exposed in ray machine, exposure energy is controlled in 60~80mj,
6th step：Development, developing method comprises the following steps：
1. the material after exposing stands more than 15 minutes in 23 DEG C ± 2 DEG C, the environment of 50% ± 5% humidity.
2. developed using developing machine, developer solution matched proportion density：Use sodium carbonate and pure water preparing developer liquid, concentration of sodium carbonate
1%~1.5%, development temperature is controlled in the range of 30 DEG C ± 2 DEG C, and visualization way is developed using spray mode, development
1.5 ± 0.2Kg/ square centimeters of pressure, developing time 45~60 seconds,
7th step：Drying, drying temperature is dried using air is electrically heated into 80 DEG C ± 5 DEG C to material；Drying time is
60 ± 5 seconds,
8th step：Fine etching, fine etching method comprises the following steps：
1. etching machine needs to use vacuum etch machine.The use of vacuum etch machine, is significantly reduced in etch process
The pool effect of generation, can effectively improve etching precision,
2. use copper chloride acid etching liquid, copper content control in 180g ± 10g,
3. etching solution temperature：Control at 50 DEG C ± 2 DEG C,
4. sour concentration：2.5~3.0 moles/L,
5. potential value：More than 500,
6. spray pressure：1.0~3.0Kg/ square centimeters,
7. transfer rate：3.0m ± 1m/ minutes,
9th step：Check, check including as follows：
1. the size to metal screen printing plate is detected, is confirmed whether to meet drawing requirement；
2. the outward appearance to metal screen printing plate is checked, is confirmed whether apparent flaws, and leakage is lost, oozes erosion,
Tenth step：Taut net.
2. the processing method of solar energy electrode printing screen plate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Taut net processing
Process comprises the following steps：
1. the side of metal screen printing plate four is wide simultaneously with 20~30mm width, equably sandwiches in chuck, and the chuck of the left and right sides is first
Clamp, lower chuck is then clamped again, and pave half tone；
2. the taut net power of left and right directions is first applied, elastic deformation coefficient is small because of metal screen printing plate, the initial tension of application can be
15N/CM；
3. the taut net tension force of above-below direction is applied again, the power of application is equal to the power of left and right directions：15N/CM；
4. it is last, the taut net tension force of left and right, up and down direction is constantly finely tuned, until tension force is close to or up 20N/CM；While half tone table
Face is smooth.About 30~60 minutes, the considerably shorter than taut net time of screen mesh printing plate the time required to taut net；
5. metal screen printing plate elastic deformation coefficient is small, after taut net terminates, the perforate size and the mesh after use a period of time of mesh
Size is almost without difference.
3. the processing method of solar energy electrode printing screen plate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：9th step is related to
And the outward appearance progress inspection to metal screen printing plate arrived includes tow sides inspection.
4. the processing method of solar energy electrode printing screen plate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The net of half tone
Hole can accomplish the two-sided chamfering for carrying 60 °~120 °, and the processing method of the two-sided chamfering for carrying 60 °~120 ° is as follows：
1. carry out being etched processing by the way of spray etching simultaneously using tow sides,
2. fine etching of the specific engraving method with the 8th step.
5. the processing method of solar energy electrode printing screen plate according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The net of half tone
Hole can accomplish that one side carries 60 °~120 ° of chamfering, its processing method：Carry out being lost by the way of spray etching using one side
Carve processing, when spray etching is processed, it is necessary to the side of etching and processing down, etching solution is sprayed upward.
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