A kind of utilization agricultural water increases the method and equipment therefor of carbon dioxide
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of agriculture science, it is related to a kind of utilization for the purpose of lifting photosynthesis of plant efficiency
Agricultural water increases the method and equipment therefor of carbon dioxide.
Background technology
Carbon dioxide is contained carbon dioxide in the base stock of photosynthesis of plant synthesis of organic substance, air
(350-450ppm)Supply plant growth in natural environment.Research shows:It is right under conditions of the conditions such as light warm water fertilizer are suitable
For most plants, the concentration is less than saturation point of carbon dioxide, and photosynthetic efficiency does not reach maximum.The agriculturals such as warmhouse booth
Facility has manufactured obstacle for the natural supply of ambient carbon dioxide, in relatively closed plant growth environment, carbon dioxide
Deficiency usually becomes the main limiting factor of restriction plant growth.Supplemented to plant growth area and properly increase containing for carbon dioxide
Amount, can improve the nature efficiency of light energy utilization, obtain the volume increase of crops.
In long-term production practices, professional of agriculture has explored a variety of to the closing spaces such as warmhouse booth supplement two
Carbonoxide method, it is several below manually to increase skill for what is used or progressively promoted in addition to conventional gravity-flow ventilation ventilation
Art:To soil applying organic manure, pass through the release carbon dioxide that ferments;Combustion of methane or liquefied gas, discharge carbon dioxide;Carbonic acid
Acidified release carbon dioxide;Dry ice, which is buried, spreads release;Industrial liquid CO 2 is used, passes through the quantitative supplement of gas trap control.On
State various occurring modes and increase carbon dioxide and exist that carbon dioxide supply does not continue and concentration is the problem of be difficult to control to.With two
Carbonoxide sterling is source of the gas, and tonifying Qi is regulated and controled using gas control valve, though the controllable of gas concentration lwevel and stably can be ensured, its
High cost constrains this popularization of the ripe industrial technology in agriculture field.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to be directed to above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art to increase carbon dioxide using agricultural water there is provided one kind
Method and equipment therefor.The present invention passes through two using the change of carbon dioxide solubility in water under different gaseous phase partial pressures
The gaseous phase partial pressure lifting and decline of carbonoxide, obtain carbon dioxide in aqueous dissolution and release, while by means of agricultural water
Use, carbon dioxide is transported to photosynthesis of plant area and is discharged into atmospheric environment, the purpose for increasing carbon dioxide is reached.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:A kind of utilization agricultural water increases the side of carbon dioxide
Method, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1)Carbon dioxide is passed through in agricultural water first, gaseous phase partial pressure to the saturated atmosphere for lifting the water solution system is depressed, system
It is standby go out the high concentration carbon dioxide aqueous solution;
2)Use pressure-resistant more than 0.45Mpa water pipe transporting step 1)In the prepared high concentration carbon dioxide aqueous solution to waiting to increase
Apply the photosynthesis of plant area of carbon dioxide;
3)Used by the routine of agricultural water, by the carbon dioxide gas phase differential pressure drop in the high concentration carbon dioxide aqueous solution as little as
500Pa;The carbon dioxide dissolved in the high concentration carbon dioxide aqueous solution overflows and is discharged into photosynthesis of plant in a gaseous form
Area;
4)By controlling the quantity delivered of agricultural water and the gaseous phase partial pressure of carbon dioxide, regulation and control photosynthesis of plant area carbon dioxide
Burst size.
Further, the agricultural water includes irrigation water, the liquid manure containing nutriment or humidification and cascade cooling water.
Further, the carbon dioxide includes sterling carbon dioxide or commercial silica carbon emission gas;The sterling
Carbon dioxide is gaseous state, liquid or solid-state;The commercial silica carbon emission gas is fermentation gas, chemical emission or flue gas.
Further, the photosynthesis of plant area refer to heliogreenhouse, plant factor or other need lifted environment dioxy
Change the planting area of concentration of carbon.
Further, step 3)In, conventional use of agricultural water includes:Drip irrigation, spray, spraying, cascade cooling.
Further, at normal temperatures and pressures, carbon dioxide magnitude of recruitment Y, source of the gas gas concentration lwevel C CO2With plant photosynthesis
The output V of active regionWaterMeet relationship below:
Y = K ( CCO2×VWater);
In formula:Y is the carbon dioxide amount of increasing that floral region is required, unit g/m2.hr ;
C CO2 For the content for increasing the carbon dioxide in gas, unit is V/V;
VWaterFor floral region output, unit L/m2.hr;
K:For the product of the saturation solubility and water density of water temperature carbon dioxide, unit is g/L.
A kind of above-mentioned utilization agricultural water increases the method equipment therefor of carbon dioxide, it is characterized in that, the device includes two
Carbonoxide air machinery, carbon dioxide solubility equipment, gas control system, agricultural water conveying equipment and positioned at Plant Light cooperation
With the carbon dioxide release device in area;Gas concentration lwevel detector is additionally provided with, the detector is used to detect carbon dioxide air source
Gas concentration lwevel in equipment, carbon dioxide solubility equipment;
By gas control system by carbon dioxide gas source device and carbon dioxide solubility equipment insertion, carbon dioxide gas source device
Interior carbon dioxide is introduced into carbon dioxide solubility equipment, is lifted by gas control system and keeps carbon dioxide solubility
The partial pressure of the carbon dioxide of gas phase portion to saturated atmosphere is depressed in equipment;By the delivery port of carbon dioxide solubility equipment with it is agricultural
Water conveying equipment is connected, so that the aqueous solution is transported into photosynthesis of plant area;Agricultural water conveying equipment connection carbon dioxide is released
Put after equipment, aqueous solution outflow carbon dioxide release device, carbon dioxide gas phase partial pressure reduces to excessive in 500Pa, the aqueous solution
Carbon dioxide overflows and is discharged into a gaseous form in the airspace in photosynthesis of plant area.
Further, the carbon dioxide uses sterling carbon dioxide or commercial silica carbon emission gas;The sterling two
The purity of carbonoxide is more than 99.9%, is gaseous state, liquid or solid carbon dioxide product;The commercial silica carbon emission gas is
Fermentation gas, chemical emission or flue gas;
, can be using the steel cylinder with pressure reducer and delivery pipe or containing vaporizer, defeated when carbon dioxide air source is liquid carbon dioxide
Send the basin of pipe, control and safety device;When carbon dioxide air source is gaseous carbon dioxide, using containing control and safety device
Conveyance conduit.
Further, the carbon dioxide solubility equipment be with water in-out port, carbon dioxide mouthful and with big air bound
The transfer tank of exhausted closed agricultural water;It is floating drum or closed container or special pressure vessel using the method for closing;For
Closed container, its top needs to be provided with pressure relief device.
Further, the agricultural water conveying equipment include with the resistance to pressure pipes of more than 0.45Mpa voltage endurance capabilities, pump with
And Water flow control valve;The gas control system includes gas pressure reducer, flow control valve and pressure, temperature indicator
Table;The carbon dioxide release device is drip irrigation pipe, shower, mist management or cascade cooling system.
Increased compared to the directly release of current existing carbon dioxide, advantage of the invention is that:
1)Single gas pipeline need not be laid, directly carbon dioxide conveying is completed using existing agricultural drainage facility;
2)By the allotment to source of the gas carbon dioxide content and irrigation water fertilizer amount, the amount of increasing of carbon dioxide is controlled;
3)The raw material supply rule for increasing progress synchronous with water and fertilizer irrigation, meeting photosynthesis of plant of carbon dioxide.
The invention discloses a kind of change of utilization carbon dioxide solubility under different gaseous phase partial pressures(Henry's law), increase
The method and apparatus for applying carbon dioxide.First by carbon dioxide solubility in agricultural water, then by the use of agricultural water, make two
Carbonoxide overflows and is discharged into atmospheric environment from the aqueous solution in a gaseous form, reaches lifting photosynthesis of plant area titanium dioxide
The purpose of concentration of carbon, realizes conveying and the supplement of the fertile synchronous integrated of aqueous vapor.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is process chart of the invention;
In figure:A、CO2Source of the gas and control system(That is carbon dioxide gas source device);B、CO2Dissolution equipment;C, gas control system
System;D, feed pipe and control system(I.e. agricultural water conveying equipment);E, CO2 release device;F, intelligent carbon dioxide increase control
System processed(The device of carbon dioxide is increased in the present invention using agricultural water);G, CO2 concentration detector.
Embodiment
The present invention need to be by carbon dioxide air source and equipment selection, carbon dioxide solubility, aqueous solution conveying, carbon dioxide gas
Body, which discharges four basic steps, to be completed.Each step is described below:
1. carbon dioxide air source is selected
1)Increase the determination with carbon dioxide air source
Gaseous state, liquid carbon dioxide product can be used(Purity is more than 99.9%), food-grade needs are met, can also be directly sharp
With high-concentration industrial CO2 emission gas, such as fermentation gas, chemical emission, flue gas are handled through task equipment.
2)Carbon dioxide air source device A
According to the difference increased with carbon dioxide air source, different air machineries are selected.Liquid CO 2 can use special
Steel cylinder or storage tank, gaseous carbon dioxide preferably uses pipeline.
2. dissolving of the carbon dioxide in water
1)Carbon dioxide solubility equipment B
Dissolution equipment B should be with water in-out port and carbon dioxide mouthful and with the closed agricultural water of atmospheric isolation
Turn trough.The method of closing can be floating drum or closed container or special pressure vessel.For closed container, top needs to be provided with and let out
Pressure device.
2) carbon dioxide solubility
By the gas control system C with servo automatic regulation function by device A and equipment B insertions, the titanium dioxide in device A
Carbon gas is introduced into equipment B, is lifted by gas control system C and keeps the partial pressure of the carbon dioxide of gas phase portion in equipment B
To saturation pressure.
3. carbon dioxide is transported
By equipment B delivery port and the agricultural water conveying pipe D for being provided with control system(I.e. agricultural water conveying equipment)It is connected, it is defeated
Transporting pipeline D requirements has 0.45Mpa(The present embodiment is by taking 1.0 Mpa as an example)Voltage endurance capability above.
By water pump or liquid level difference and water yield control system, quantitatively arbon dioxide solution Summer Solstice or the Winter Solstice in conveying equipment B
Light greenhouse, plant factor or other photosynthesis of plant areas for needing to lift environment gas concentration lwevel.
4. the release of carbon dioxide
1)Irrigate release
The arbon dioxide solution for being transported to photosynthesis of plant area is assigned to each irrigation branch pipe, and with drip irrigation or spray, spray
The mode of mist etc. flows out.Stream water solution goes out carbon dioxide gas phase partial pressure after pipeline and reduces to carbon dioxide excessive in 500Pa, solution
Overflow and be discharged into a gaseous form in the airspace in photosynthesis of plant area.
2)Cascade cooling release
For the greenhouse cooled using cascade blower fan, arbon dioxide solution can be used as cooling water.The aqueous solution flows through cascade and released
The carbon dioxide of releasing is pumped into photosynthesis of plant area by blower fan, lifts the concentration of carbon dioxide in the air in the region.
5. the regulation and control of the carbon dioxide amount of increasing
At normal temperatures and pressures, carbon dioxide magnitude of recruitment Y, source of the gas gas concentration lwevel C CO2With the output in photosynthesis of plant area
VWaterMeet relationship below:
Y = K ( CCO2×VWater);
In formula:
Y is the carbon dioxide amount of increasing that floral region is required, unit g/m2.hr;
C CO2 For the content for increasing the carbon dioxide in gas, unit is V/V;
VWaterFor floral region output, unit L/m2.hr;
K:A is the saturation solubility of water temperature carbon dioxide and the product of water density, and unit is g/L;
By regulating and controlling source of the gas gas concentration lwevel C CO2With the output V in photosynthesis of plant areaWater, can conveniently realize to two
The amount control that carbonoxide is increased.
Example 1:At 25 DEG C, carbon is mended using pure carbon dioxide gas, the amount of increasing requirement is 5g/m2.hr, into photosynthesis
The water in area is VWater= (5/1.5 )/0.965 = 3.45 L/m2.hr。
Example 2:At 25 DEG C, the amount of increasing requirement is 5g/m2.hr, using power plant flue gas(Carbonated about 13%)Gas
Source, required carrying water is VWater= 〔5/(0.13×1.5 )〕/0.965 = 26.6 L/m2.hr。
6. the present invention implements the main device being related to
1)Carbon dioxide air source device A
According to source of the gas species, including:
-- liquid CO 2 gas cylinder, containing pressure reducer and delivery pipe:
-- liquid CO 2 basin, containing vaporizer and delivery pipe, control and safety device:
-- gaseous carbon dioxide is conveyed, containing conveyance conduit, control and safety device.
2)Carbon dioxide solubility equipment B
There should be following functions facility:
-- sealing, floating drum or closed vessel can be used;
-- imported and exported with current;
-- with carbon dioxide input port;
-- with overpressure protection facility;
-- with homo-mixer.
3)Pass-through device A, B equipment gas control system C
Including:
-- there is the gas pressure reducer of servo automatic regulation function;
-- there is the flow control valve of servo automatic regulation function;
-- pressure, temperature display meter;
-- liquid CO 2 vaporizer(During using liquid CO 2 source of the gas).
4)Agricultural water conveying equipment D
Including:
-- resistance to pressure pipe;
-- and pump or other power set;
-- Water flow control valve.
5)Carbon dioxide release device E
Positioned at the drip irrigation pipe in photosynthesis of plant area, shower, mist management, cascade cooling system etc..
6)Carbon dioxide gas pressure and content, the detection of water-carrying capacity and control system F
-- source of the gas gas concentration lwevel monitors G;
-- agricultural water-carrying capacity monitoring and control;
-- the gas concentration lwevel monitor in photosynthesis of plant area;
Intelligent control system after the combination of data above.