CN107301527B - Project evaluation method based on items - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to an engineering project subentry method capable of achieving quick and accurate evaluation, and belongs to the field of engineering project management. The invention classifies the entity materials of the engineering project, and the quantity and price of the classification include all elements of structural parts, engineering materials, construction schemes, construction management and the like; establishing a coupling algorithm and a database corresponding to the quantities and the prices of the project entity material sub-items and the traditional sub-items of the finished project with the same category as the project location, so as to realize the automatic mathematical statistics and the intelligent data mining of the price of the project entity material sub-items at the location; the engineering project preliminary design approximate calculation and the construction drawing pre-calculation compare and verify the measured value of the price and the actual occurrence values of bidding price, settlement price and the like in bidding and tendering with the statistical value of the price, realize the utilization and verification of the basic construction whole processes of the estimated value of the price in the decision stage, the measured value in the design stage, the actual value in the construction stage and the like, automatically calculate the quantity of the entity (material) subentry by utilizing the BIM model, and realize the quick and accurate evaluation of the engineering project.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an engineering project valuation method based on items, in particular to a method capable of quickly and accurately valuing items based on entity materials forming an engineering project, and belongs to the field of engineering project management.
Background
The division and the sequence of each stage in the whole construction and operation process from decision, design, construction to completion, acceptance, delivery, operation management and maintenance of the engineering project are called as basic construction procedures, the process is determined by objective rules of basic construction (including natural rules and economic rules), is strictly restricted by natural conditions such as geology, hydrology and the like and material technical conditions, and the construction and management are required to be carried out according to the overall design which meets the established requirements and has scientific basis, and generally comprise a decision-making stage (comprising two links of pre-feasibility research and engineering feasibility research), a design stage (comprising three links of preliminary, technical and construction drawing design), a construction stage (comprising links of construction preparation, construction management, completion acceptance inspection and the like) and an operation stage (comprising links of post-evaluation, audit, operation management, maintenance and the like).
At present, the specific methods for investment measurement and cost analysis of engineering projects mainly comprise two methods: and in the decision-making stage, the macroscopic economic indexes are utilized to quickly estimate and design the construction cost of the engineering quantity list in the bidding stage.
The method for quickly estimating the price by using the macroscopic economic indexes in the decision stage is a method for quickly estimating the investment amount of an engineering project by using the statistical values of the similar project macroscopic indexes at the engineering site after the construction scale of the engineering project decision is determined, and although necessary adjustment and correction can be performed on the investment amount according to the engineering attributes of the engineering project when the statistical values of the similar project macroscopic indexes are used, the same engineering project cannot exist at the same time at the engineering site, so that the method is mainly embodied quickly and is difficult to give consideration to accuracy.
The project list and project amount list cost analysis method for bid and bid in the design stage is a method for calculating and analyzing the cost of each calculated sub-project according to the project amount measurement rule of the budget estimate project list or the specification of the project amount list calculation rule after a project has a definite design chart, and then using an applicable quota to analyze the cost and the investment amount of each sub-project of the project.
Because the inclusion, intersection and interleaving relation of the indexes, the components and the contents of 'quantity' and 'price' between the components is very complex, the two methods are difficult to be completely unified and mutually verified, so that the phenomena of decision making over budget, budget over approximate calculation, approximate calculation over estimation and the like are frequently caused, and the investment is out of control.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a subentry method capable of quickly estimating and accurately analyzing for investment measurement and cost analysis of a project, and the invention searches main influence factors and coupling mechanisms of quantity and price in the whole process of basic construction of the project from the perspective of entity materials forming a highway project, and provides a subentry method capable of quickly estimating and accurately analyzing for reasonably determining and effectively controlling the cost and investment of the highway project.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a project assessment method based on items comprises the following steps:
classifying and itemizing construction project constitution entity materials according to the principles of physical constitution, homogeneous division and integration and adaptation to the working depth of each stage of a basic construction program, providing expression elements and itemization methods for a building information model-BIM display engineering project, enabling the whole basic construction process of engineering project decision, design, construction and operation and maintenance and all components of construction projects, single projects, unit projects, subsection projects and itemization projects to be applicable, enabling the 'quantity' of itemization to comprise structural parts and elements of construction material constitution project entities, and enabling the 'price' of itemization to comprise all elements of construction schemes, measure projects, auxiliary engineering materials and construction management;
establishing a coupling algorithm and a database corresponding to the project entity material sub-items and the traditional sub-items 'quantity' and the 'quantity' and 'price' of the similar finished project where the project is located, realizing automatic mathematical statistics and intelligent data mining of the sub-items 'price' of the entity material of the location, and obtaining the average value, the highest value and the lowest value of the similar entity material sub-items 'price';
the measured value of 'price' and the actually occurring value in the construction process such as bidding, settlement price and the like in the bidding can be compared and verified according to the approximate calculation of the preliminary design and the budget of the engineering project and the construction drawing design, so that the utilization and verification of the whole basic construction process of the estimated value of 'price' in the decision stage, the measured value in the design stage and the actual value in the construction stage are realized, and the circularly verification and utilization of spiral ascending are formed, and the 'price' is gradually close to the real price in the market;
and (3) automatically calculating the quantity of each entity material item of each stage of the engineering project by using the BIM model, and realizing quick and accurate evaluation of the engineering project and verification of a measured value.
Specifically, the solid material refers to: the combination or composite material of the engineering project entity can be intuitively and automatically calculated and counted in an engineering project building information model-BIM, and the volume, the area, the weight or the number of the engineering project entity can be calculated and counted; the physical composition principle refers to that: carrying out physical subentry according to entity combination or composite materials forming the engineering project, wherein subentry is not combined into new entity material subentry; the principle of homogeneous separation and combination refers to that: the homogeneous property of the same kind of entity materials should be extracted, and the measurement units which are consistent before and after are determined, so that the analysis depth and the management level can be freely combined and separated according to the requirements of different construction costs; the principle that the working depth of each stage of the basic construction program is adapted to is as follows: the basic construction project is estimated, approximated, budgeted, settled and settled in four stages of decision, design, construction and operation, the investment and cost are calculated, the working depth is from macro to micro, and from coarse to fine, the required sub-project method is suitable for the working depth of each stage of the basic construction program, and the requirements of cost analysis and cost management of each stage are met.
Preferably, the average value, the highest value and the lowest value of the entity material sub-item price are used for carrying out comparison and rationality analysis on the preliminary design approximation calculation and the construction drawing budget of the engineering project.
Preferably, the average value, the highest value and the lowest value of the entity material sub-item price are used for comparing and verifying the values of the bidding price, the price in the contract, the settlement price and the settlement price of the project bid.
Preferably, the entity material sub-items are utilized as a project amount list for bidding project projects.
Preferably, the entity material items are used as engineering quantity lists for engineering project management to carry out metering and pricing.
Preferably, the entity material items and the item method thereof are used as the management elements and the management method of the 3D printing of the engineering project.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the entity material itemization of the invention avoids the complicated relationship of the itemization quantity, the crossing and chaos of the measure engineering quantity and the auxiliary engineering quantity in the construction process, and the like, and makes clear that the 'quantity' of the itemization is only the engineering quantity of the entity material of the engineering project, and other quantities are all contained in the 'price', and the investment value of each stage of the engineering project can be rapidly and accurately calculated by establishing a database for automatic statistics and intelligent data mining through the correspondence of the 'quantity' and the 'price' of the traditional itemization of the finished historical project of the engineering location and the itemization of the itemization method of the invention and the definition of the coupling algorithm to obtain the statistic value and the empirical value of the 'price' of each entity material itemization.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
Example 1: a project assessment method based on items comprises the following steps:
classifying and classifying the entity materials of the engineering project according to the principle of 'physical composition, homogeneous separation and combination and adaptation to the working depth of each stage of the basic construction program', for example, the solid materials of the civil engineering project are divided into ten categories of earthwork, masonry, cement concrete, asphalt concrete, mixture, steel, decoration, greening, electromechanics and other materials, and an expression element and a subentry method are provided for a building information model-BIM display engineering project, so that the whole basic construction process of engineering project decision, design, construction and operation and maintenance, and all components of construction projects, single projects, unit projects, subsection projects and subentry projects can be suitable, the 'amount' of the subentry comprises the structural part, the engineering materials form the solid elements of the project, and the 'price' of the subentry comprises all the elements of construction schemes, measure projects, auxiliary engineering materials and construction management;
establishing a coupling algorithm and a database corresponding to the project entity material sub-items and the traditional sub-items 'quantity' and the 'quantity' and 'price' of the similar finished project where the project is located, realizing automatic mathematical statistics and intelligent data mining of the sub-items 'price' of the entity material of the location, and obtaining the average value, the highest value and the lowest value of the similar entity material sub-items 'price';
the measured value of 'price' and the actually occurring value in the construction process such as bidding, settlement price and the like in the bidding can be compared and verified according to the approximate calculation of the preliminary design and the budget of the engineering project and the construction drawing design, so that the utilization and verification of the whole basic construction process of the estimated value of 'price' in the decision stage, the measured value in the design stage and the actual value in the construction stage are realized, and the circularly verification and utilization of spiral ascending are formed, and the 'price' is gradually close to the real price in the market;
and (3) automatically calculating the quantity of each entity material item of each stage of the engineering project by using the BIM model, and realizing quick and accurate evaluation of the engineering project and verification of a measured value.
Specifically, the physical composition principle refers to: carrying out physical subentry according to entity combination or composite materials forming the engineering project, wherein subentry is not combined into new entity material subentry; the principle of homogeneous separation and combination refers to that: the homogeneous property of the same kind of entity materials should be extracted, and the measurement units which are consistent before and after are determined, so that the analysis depth and the management level can be freely combined and separated according to the requirements of different construction costs; the principle that the working depth of each stage of the basic construction program is adapted to is as follows: the basic construction project is estimated, approximated, budgeted, settled and settled in four stages of decision, design, construction and operation, the investment and cost are calculated, the working depth is from macro to micro, and from coarse to fine, the required sub-project method is suitable for the working depth of each stage of the basic construction program, and the requirements of cost analysis and cost management of each stage are met.
Preferably, the average value, the highest value and the lowest value of the entity material sub-item price are used for carrying out comparison and rationality analysis on the preliminary design approximation calculation and the construction drawing budget of the engineering project.
Preferably, the average value, the highest value and the lowest value of the entity material sub-item price are used for comparing and verifying the values of the bidding price, the price in the contract, the settlement price and the settlement price of the project bid.
Preferably, the entity material sub-items are utilized as a project amount list for bidding project projects.
Preferably, the entity material items are used as engineering quantity lists for engineering project management to carry out metering and pricing.
Preferably, the entity material items and the item method thereof are used as the management elements and the management method of the 3D printing of the engineering project.
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a project division method capable of quickly estimating price and accurately analyzing for investment measurement and cost analysis of engineering projects, which is based on the basis of, based on and basic principles of taking solid materials forming civil engineering projects as the project division, namely, the quantity of the project division is only the engineering quantity of the solid materials forming the engineering projects, and is closely related and clearly distinguished from the three elements of ' structural parts, construction methods and composition materials ' of the project division of the traditional project division method, the quantity of the project division method is a real member or a semi-finished product of the engineering projects and contains all contents of the three elements of ' structural parts and composition materials ' of the traditional division, and the measures, engineering quantity and auxiliary engineering quantity contained in the construction processes of the construction methods, the construction schemes and the like are contained in the price ', and the price means that the engineering quantity of the solid materials is completely consumed and comprises the artificial consumption, The comprehensive price of measure engineering quantity and auxiliary engineering quantity contained in related resources of materials, machinery, equipment shift and the like and influence factors thereof, the entity material subentry provides expression elements and subentry expression methods for a building information model-BIM display engineering project, and the independent existence of the entity material subentry is meaningless.
The traditional project division method of the engineering project is to recognize and express the engineering content from three aspects of elements such as structural parts, material composition, construction method and the like, and from the structural view, the engineering project is divided into components such as construction projects, single projects, sub-projects, division projects and the like; the composition of the solid materials of engineering projects, such as civil engineering projects, generally comprises ten types of earthwork, masonry, cement concrete, asphalt concrete, steel, mixtures, decorative materials, greening, electromechanical devices and other materials, and each type can be subdivided into different material elements and specific specifications to form thousands of specific material entities; the construction method of the engineering project mainly comprises two major types of manual construction and mechanical construction, and the specific project has specific construction organization and construction method according to different specific construction conditions and construction factors, such as concrete prefabrication and cast-in-place construction methods. The sub-items in the aspects of metering, pricing, quality inspection and the like are the combination of two or more of the three aspects of structural parts, material composition, construction methods and the like, and the sub-items are divided more and more finely along with the higher and higher requirements on the refinement of project management. The core work of the invention is to find the common and individual characteristics of the entity materials of the engineering project. The method for dividing the entity material into the items is divided according to a physical composition principle, a homogeneous separation and combination principle and a principle of adapting to the working depth of each stage of a basic construction program.
(1) Principle of physical division
The physical items are divided according to the entity combination or composite material forming the engineering project, the items are not combined into new entity material items, for example, the civil engineering project can be divided into ten categories of earth and stone, masonry, cement concrete, asphalt concrete, mixture, steel, decoration, greening, electromechanics and other materials, and the cement concrete and the steel are not combined into reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete.
(2) Principle of homogeneous division and combination
The homogeneous property should be extracted from the same kind of entity (material) items, and the measurement units consistent before and after are determined, so that the analysis depth and the management level can be freely combined and separated according to the different cost.
(3) Principle suitable for working depth of each stage of basic construction program
The basic construction project is estimated, approximated, budgeted, settled and settled from four stages of decision, design, construction and operation, and the investment and cost are calculated, and its working depth is from macro to micro, and from coarse to fine, and said invention is suitable for working depth of every stage of basic construction program, and can meet the requirements of cost analysis and cost management of every stage.
The project division method of the invention carries out physical project division according to the entity materials of the engineering projects, for example, civil engineering projects are divided into ten categories of earthwork, masonry, cement concrete, asphalt concrete, mixture, steel, decoration, greening, electromechanics and other materials, and based on the common and individual contents of the engineering projects at each stage of the basic construction program, the corresponding and containing relations between the entity material divisions and the traditional projects can be obtained; and verifying the rationality and feasibility of the containment relationship between the entity material sub-items and the traditional project table by depending on the finished project data of the project location.
The entity material item avoids the complex relations of the item quantity, the crossing and chaos of the measure engineering quantity and the auxiliary engineering quantity in the construction process, and the like, and the quantity of the item is only the engineering quantity of the entity material of the engineering project, other quantities are contained in the price, and the statistics and the experience value of the price of various entity material items are obtained by establishing a database for automatic statistics and intelligent data mining through the correspondence of the quantity and the price of the traditional item of the finished historical project of the engineering location and the item of the item method of the invention and the definition of a coupling algorithm.
The entity material subentry is a member or semi-finished product subentry table of an engineering project, contains all contents of three elements of 'structural parts, construction methods and composition materials' of the traditional project table subentry, and specifically carries out corresponding containment relationship and coupling algorithm from two aspects of 'quantity' and 'price' to analyze, calculate and count:
(1) the corresponding containing relation between the sub-items of the entity material sub-item table and the sub-objects 'quantities' of the traditional item table is determined according to the sub-object engineering quantity metering rule of the traditional item table, the containing relation between the sub-items of the entity material sub-item table and the sub-objects 'quantities' of the traditional item table is determined, and the sub-objects of some traditional item tables are auxiliary contents for completing the sub-items of the entity material sub-item table, so that the relation of 'quantities' -quantity is not established, but the relation of 'price' -amount is established, and three conditions are mainly adopted: the "amount" of the entity material subentry calculation item "= the" amount "of the traditional project table calculation item; the 'quantity' of the calculation items of the entity material subentry table is inconsistent with the 'quantity' of the calculation items of the traditional subentry table multiplied by conversion coefficients such as units; the amount of the calculation item of the entity material subentry table "= the amount of the decomposition calculation of the calculation item of the traditional project table, the project amount of the composition is supplemented under the calculation item of the project amount list subentry table, and then the calculation items are classified into corresponding entity material calculation items. The "amount" of the calculation item of the physical material itemized table "= the" amount "of the calculation item of the conventional itemized table × the conversion coefficient, and the former case is the conversion coefficient of 1.
(2) The corresponding containing relation between the entity material sub-item and the sub-category price of the traditional project table, the containing relation between the price of each project amount list or the calculation item of the budget estimate project table and the calculation item of the entity material sub-item table is clear according to the project content of the calculation item of the entity material sub-item table, namely the money amount, and the containing relation mainly has two conditions: the price of the subentry of the entity material subentry table is not equal to the price of the calculation item of the traditional item table, and the first two conditions of the corresponding relation of the quantity and quantity are automatically included in the corresponding relation of the price and the amount; the 'price' of the subentry of the entity material subentry table is not equal to the 'price' multiplied by the decomposition coefficient of the traditional subentry table calculation item, if the 'price' of one summary (pre) calculation item is to be decomposed into a plurality of entity material subentry calculation items, a one-to-many corresponding relation is established, and the decomposition coefficient is determined by calculating the to-be-shared entity material subentry table calculation item of the traditional subentry table calculation item.
And then, according to the building information model, namely the 'amount' of the entity materials automatically counted and calculated by the BIM, which is constructed at each stage of the basic construction of the engineering project, the investment value of the engineering project can be quickly and accurately calculated by utilizing the statistical value and the empirical value of the 'price' of each entity material subentry at the site of the engineering project.
The accuracy of rapidly estimating the investment amount of the engineering project decision-making stage by using the subentry method of the invention is greatly improved compared with the traditional method, because: the project sub-expression of the project sub-method of the invention in the decision-making stage is the actual project quantity of the entity materials forming the project, such as earth and stone, masonry, cement concrete, asphalt concrete, mixture, steel, decoration, greening, electromechanics and other materials, etc., which reflects the individual characteristics of the project, and has more fine and accurate expression by one or two macroscopic indexes, such as building area or highway kilometers, etc., compared with the traditional evaluation method, and the measured value does not need to be adjusted according to the concrete project attributes.
The result of real-size cost analysis of project design stage and construction stage can be compared with the entity material statistic value directly, and the reliability of cost analysis result can be ensured.
Furthermore, by using the project grouping method of the invention as a project quantity list for bidding the project and a project quantity list for managing, metering and pricing the project, the common goal of all the participants of the project is to complete the 'quantity' of project entity material items on time according to quality and quantity, the more reasonable division of the risk of all the participants of the project is realized, which is mainly embodied in that the calculation and definition of the 'quantity' of project entity material items are more clear and clear, and the risk of all the participants of the project is contained in the 'price' of project entity material items and is determined by market competition.
Furthermore, the entity material items and the item dividing method thereof are used as the management elements and the management method of the 3D printing of the engineering project.
The core content of the decision-making stage and the design stage of the highway engineering project is the estimation of 'quantity' to 'price', for example, the feasibility study frames 'quantity' macroscopically on the line origin-destination points and main control points of different construction schemes, construction scale and standard argumentation and recommendation, and the preliminary design, technical design and construction drawing design determines 'quantity' and measures and calculates 'price' for the recommended and determined construction schemes; the core contents of the construction phase and the operation phase are the realization and use of the "quantity" and the determination of the "price", for example, the construction bidding is the determination of the "price" of the "quantity" to be implemented, the settlement in the construction management is the execution of the "price" for actually completing the "quantity", and the design change is mostly the change of the "quantity", and is strictly managed. The current typical highway engineering subentry project table mainly comprises a highway engineering project cost composition (total budget amount) project table, a construction quota project table, a budget quota project table, a rough calculation quota project table, an estimation index project table, a budget project table, an estimation project table, a project quantity list, a quality evaluation project table and the like.
The entity material subentry method of the invention divides the entity materials of the highway engineering project into ten categories of earth and stone, masonry, cement concrete, asphalt concrete, mixture, steel, decoration, greening, electromechanics and other materials according to the principles of physical composition principle, homogeneous separation and combination principle, principle of adapting to the working depth of each stage of the basic construction program and the like, and the engineering content and the engineering quantity calculation rule of each subentry are agreed as follows:
(1) calculating engineering quantities of earth and stone according to the solid volumes of road engineering formed by filling and excavating on the original ground line, wherein the engineering quantities comprise roadbed excavation, filling, tunnel excavation, structural foundation pit excavation and the like;
(2) the masonry calculates the engineering quantity according to the entity volume of the engineering project formed by dry-masonry and mortar-masonry blockstones with various mortar marks;
(3) calculating the engineering quantity of the cement concrete according to the concrete marks and the entity volume of the engineering project formed by the cement concrete of the construction method;
(4) calculating the engineering quantity of the asphalt concrete according to the solid volume of the engineering project pavement formed by the asphalt concrete containing the asphalt macadam in various non-oil-stone-separation ratios and construction methods;
(5) calculating the engineering quantity of the mixture according to the entity volume of the engineering project formed by the mixture formed by various independent materials and the construction method, wherein the engineering quantity comprises the mixture of soft foundation treatment, a pavement cushion layer, a base layer and the like;
(6) calculating the engineering quantity of the steel according to the weight of the steel of the engineering project formed by the steel of various types and varieties;
(7) the decoration is marking and beautifying on the solid surface of the engineering project, and is mainly a road marking, a tunnel coating, a ceramic tile and other decorative materials, and the engineering quantity is calculated according to the actual design area of the decoration;
(8) calculating engineering quantity including grass planting, turf, arbor, shrub and the like according to the natural volume of a greening body designed on a highway engineering entity for greening;
(9) calculating the engineering quantity according to the designed comprehensive platform set of the electromechanical equipment;
(10) other materials such as geotechnical materials and other new materials, etc. count the engineering quantity according to the weight of the materials constituting the entity.
Therefore, the project quantity of the entity material sub-items of each single project, unit project and sub-item component can be automatically calculated and counted according to the building information model-BIM in different stages of feasibility research, preliminary design, technical design, construction drawing design, construction settlement, completion settlement and the like in the basic construction stage, and the corresponding containment relationship analysis, calculation and statistics can also be carried out on the finished history projects of the project location from the two aspects of 'quantity' and 'price':
(1) the corresponding containment relationship between the sub-items of the entity material sub-item table and the sub-categories 'quantity' of the traditional project table is as follows:
the containment relationship between the sub-items of the entity material sub-item table and the sub-items 'quantity' of the traditional item table is determined according to the sub-category engineering quantity metering rule of the traditional item table, and the sub-categories of some traditional item tables are the auxiliary contents for completing the sub-items of the entity material sub-item table, so that the relationship of 'quantity' -quantity is not established, but the relationship of 'price' -amount is established, and the method mainly has three conditions:
(ii) the "amount" of the calculation items of the entity Material itemization Table "= the" amount "of the calculation items of the conventional itemization Table"
If the project entity material item of the highway engineering project is ' roadbed excavation ', in a ' project amount list item table ', roadbed excavation is ' = ' earthwork (203-1-1) ' + ' earthwork (203-1-2) ' + ' excavating non-applicable materials (without sludge) (203-1-3) ' + ' excavating sludge (203-1-4) ' + ' clearing landslide body (205-12-1) ' + ' deloading earthwork (205-12-2) ' + ' deloading earthwork (205-12-3) ' (the number in parentheses is the project amount list code, the same below).
② the ' quantity ' of the calculation item of the entity material subentry table (= quantity ' of the calculation item of the traditional item table) × conversion coefficient (such as unit inconsistency)
For example, in the project inventory item table of highway engineering project, the material item of "asphalt concrete" is that "asphalt concrete" = "6 cm (309-1-1-3) thick x 0.06" + "5 cm (309-1-3-2) thick x 0.05" + "3 cm (309-1-4-2) thick x 0.03".
Third, the 'quantity' of the calculation items of the entity material subentry table is not equal to the 'quantity' of the decomposition calculation of the calculation items of the traditional subentry table "
If the calculation items of the single-hole reinforced concrete circular pipe culvert with the inner diameter of 1.0m measured by meters in the highway engineering project are required to complement the construction quantities of cover plate reinforcing steel bars, concrete culvert bodies, cover plates, broken stone cushions, foundation pit excavation and the like according to information such as design charts, engineering ledgers or rated group prices and the like, and then corresponding calculation items of entity materials such as reinforcing steel bars, cement concrete, mixtures, earthwork and the like corresponding to entity material items are classified.
The first and second conditions can be processed uniformly as (1) ("quantity" = quantity "× conversion coefficient of traditional item table calculation item) in the entity material itemizing table calculation item; and thirdly, under the condition, the project amount formed by the project amount list item table is supplemented under the project amount list item table calculation items, and then the project amount list item table is classified into corresponding entity material calculation items of the invention.
(2) The corresponding containing relation between the items of the entity material item table and the sub-category price of the traditional item table is as follows:
according to the ' engineering content ' of the calculation item of the entity material subentry table of the invention, the containing and coupling relation between the calculation item of each engineering quantity list subentry table and the calculation item of the entity material subentry table of the invention, namely the price ' -amount, is clear, and the invention mainly has two conditions:
(ii) the "price" of a subentry of the entity materials subentry "= the" price "of a traditional project table calculation item"
If the project entity material item of the highway engineering project is divided into ' roadbed excavation ' and ' certain project amount list item table ', the ' roadbed excavation ' = ' earthwork (203-1-1) ' + ' earthwork (203-1-2) ' + ' excavating non-applicable materials (not containing sludge) (203-1-3) ' + ' excavating sludge (203-1-4) ' + ' clearing landslide body (205-12-1) ' + ' load reduction earthwork (205-12-2) ' + ' load reduction earthwork (205-12-3) ' + ' borrow (204-3-1) ' + ' abandon party over transport (203-3-1) ', the ' earthwork is filled and excavated on the original ground line according to the agreed project amount calculation rule, and the project amount is calculated according to the volume of the entities which form the highway engineering project and comprise the roadbed excavation (203-1, the earth excavation), the project amount is calculated according to the agreed project amount calculation rule, Fill, tunnel excavation, excavation of structural foundation pit and the like, and the ' abandon square and over transport ' (203-3-1) ' are auxiliary engineering quantities in the construction process, do not form ' quantities ' of the ' material ' subentries of the entity, and correspond to ' price '.
The price of the subentry of the entity material subentry table is not less than the price of the calculation item of the traditional project table multiplied by the decomposition coefficient, and the price of one summary (pre) calculation project calculation item is decomposed into a plurality of entity material subentry calculation items;
if the price of the calculation item of the single-hole reinforced concrete circular pipe culvert with the inner diameter of 1.0m measured by meters in the traditional subentry of the highway engineering project is to be decomposed into the subentry calculation items of solid materials, such as reinforcing steel bars, cement concrete, mixture, earthwork and the like, the group price condition of the calculation item of the traditional project table is inquired, and the decomposition is carried out according to the amount or proportion corresponding to the subentry calculation item of the solid materials.
The first case is that the first and second cases of the corresponding relation of 'quantity' -quantity are automatically included in the corresponding relation of 'price' -amount; and secondly, establishing a one-to-many corresponding relation, and calculating the calculation items of the entity material itemizing table of the calculation items of the traditional item table to determine the decomposition coefficients.
The entity material items avoid the complex relations of the item quantity, the crossing and chaos of the measure engineering quantity and the auxiliary engineering quantity in the construction process, etc., and the quantity of the items is only the engineering quantity of the entity materials constituting the engineering project, other quantities are all contained in the price, and the investment value of each stage of the engineering project can be rapidly and accurately calculated by performing automatic statistics and intelligent data mining on the database established by the traditional items of the finished historical project of the engineering location and the items of the item method of the invention by corresponding the quantity and the price and defining the coupling algorithm.
While the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.
Claims (5)
1. A project assessment method based on items is characterized by comprising the following steps:
classifying and itemizing construction project constitution entity materials according to the principles of physical constitution, homogeneous division and integration and adaptation to the working depth of each stage of a basic construction program, providing expression elements and itemization methods for a building information model-BIM display engineering project, enabling the whole basic construction process of engineering project decision, design, construction and operation and maintenance and all components of construction projects, single projects, unit projects, subsection projects and itemization projects to be applicable, enabling the 'quantity' of itemization to comprise structural parts and elements of construction material constitution project entities, and enabling the 'price' of itemization to comprise all elements of construction schemes, measure projects, auxiliary engineering materials and construction management; the solid material refers to: the combination or composite material of the engineering project entity can be intuitively and automatically calculated and counted in an engineering project building information model-BIM, and the volume, the area, the weight or the number of the engineering project entity can be calculated and counted;
establishing a coupling algorithm and a database corresponding to the project entity material sub-items and the traditional sub-items 'quantity' and the 'quantity' and 'price' of the similar finished project where the project is located, realizing automatic mathematical statistics and intelligent data mining of the sub-items 'price' of the entity material of the location, and obtaining the average value, the highest value and the lowest value of the similar entity material sub-items 'price';
the measured value of 'price' and the actually occurring value in the construction process such as bidding, settlement price and the like in the bidding can be compared and verified according to the approximate calculation of the preliminary design and the budget of the engineering project and the construction drawing design, so that the utilization and verification of the whole basic construction process of the estimated value of 'price' in the decision stage, the measured value in the design stage and the actual value in the construction stage are realized, and the circularly verification and utilization of spiral ascending are formed, and the 'price' is gradually close to the real price in the market;
utilizing the entity material subentries as a project amount list of bidding project projects;
the BIM model is used for automatically calculating the 'quantity' of each entity material item of each stage of the engineering project, and the evaluation of the engineering project and the verification of a measured value are realized;
the physical composition principle refers to that: carrying out physical subentry according to entity combination or composite materials forming the engineering project, wherein subentry is not combined into new entity material subentry; the principle of homogeneous separation and combination refers to that: the homogeneous property of the same kind of entity materials should be extracted, and the measurement units which are consistent before and after are determined, so that the analysis depth and the management level can be freely combined and separated according to the requirements of different construction costs; the principle that the working depth of each stage of the basic construction program is adapted to is as follows: the basic construction project is estimated, approximated, budgeted, settled and settled in four stages of decision, design, construction and operation, the investment and cost are calculated, the working depth is from macro to micro, and from coarse to fine, the required sub-project method is suitable for the working depth of each stage of the basic construction program, and the requirements of cost analysis and cost management of each stage are met.
2. The project valuation method based on the sub-items according to claim 1, wherein the statistical values of the average value, the highest value and the lowest value of the entity material sub-item valuation are used for comparing and analyzing the reasonableness of the preliminary design approximation calculation and the construction drawing budget of the project.
3. A project valuation method based on project sub-items as claimed in claim 1 wherein the average value, the highest value and the lowest value of said entity material sub-item "price" statistics are used to compare and verify bid price, price in contract, settlement price and settlement price of project bid.
4. The project valuation method of claim 1, wherein said entity material sub-items are used as project quantity lists for project management for measurement and valuation.
5. The project valuation method based on the project of claim 1, wherein the entity material project and the project valuation method thereof are used as a management element and a management method of 3D printing of the project.
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