CN107296924A - 一种枇杷膏及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种枇杷膏及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及食品加工技术领域,具体涉及一种枇杷膏及其制备方法。该种枇杷膏,由以下按照重量份数的原料组成:枇杷叶75~90份,金银花2~7份,川贝5~10份,芦荟1~4份,罗汉果1~5份,枸杞1~3份,蛇胆2~4份,甘草2~6份,山姜1~3份,茯苓1~3份,龙脑2~4份和蜂蜜4~12份。该种枇杷膏采用纯天然中药成分,无添加剂,安全无副作用,原料廉价易得,生产成本低,药效好,见效快,具有清热降火、润喉去燥,理气平喘、止咳化痰的功效。该种枇杷膏制备方法工艺简单,易于实现批量生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及食品加工技术领域,具体涉及一种枇杷膏及其制备方法。
背景技术
枇杷别名芦橘、金丸、芦枝,枇杷与大部分果树不同,在秋天或初冬开花,果子在春天至初夏成熟,比其它水果都早,因此被称为“果木中独备四时之气者”。成熟的枇杷味道甜美,营养颇丰,富含各种果糖、葡萄糖、钾、磷、铁、钙以及维生素A、B、C等。
从中医角度来看,枇杷味甘甜、属性平中带些许凉,基本上既不偏寒也不偏热,任何体质的人都可以吃,不论是叶、果和核都含有扁桃苷,有润肺、止咳、止渴的功效。虽然叫做枇杷膏,但事实上,中医里真正入药的并非是枇杷,而是枇杷叶,可以清肺热、降胃气,对烦躁、口渴也有助益。用来制作枇杷膏的是老叶,没有毒性,但新叶和果核含有微量氰化物,有微毒性,生吃、入药会释放微量氰化物。
现有的枇杷膏多通过配方、浸药、提取、浓缩、收膏、分装、凉膏等流程制备,现有的加工方法使用的枇杷叶均为未经处理的枇杷叶,直接加工枇杷叶中的有效成分利用率较低,制成的枇杷膏药效也较差。
发明内容
为了解决上述背景中提到的问题,本发明目的在于提供一种枇杷膏及其制备方法。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供如下技术方案:
一种枇杷膏,由以下按照重量份数的原料组成:枇杷叶75~90份,金银花2~7份,川贝5~10份,芦荟1~4份,罗汉果1~5份,枸杞1~3份,蛇胆2~4份,甘草2~6份,山姜1~3份,茯苓1~3份,龙脑2~4份和蜂蜜4~12份。
作为本发明进一步的方案:所述枇杷膏由以下按照重量份数的原料组成:枇杷叶85份,金银花4份,川贝7份,芦荟2份,罗汉果3份,枸杞2份,蛇胆3份,甘草5份,山姜2份,茯苓2份,龙脑3份和蜂蜜10份。
一种枇杷膏的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)按照原料组成及其重量份数配比进行配料;
2)将枇杷叶放入高压锅内加热隔水湿蒸,湿蒸时间为5~15min,蒸好后,将其取出晒干,得到枇杷叶A;
3)将枇杷叶A浸入白酒中,使用水浴法在45℃保温4~8h,取出风干得到枇杷叶B;
4)将金银花、川贝、芦荟、罗汉果、枸杞、蛇胆、甘草、山姜、龙脑放入砂锅中,加入冷水浸泡2h后,加入枇杷叶B,加热煎煮2h,取出药汁,再加冷水,煎煮2h,合并两次药汁,研磨药渣取压出的药液加入药汁,静置6h,过滤,取药汁;
5)将过滤后的药汁放入砂锅中,小火蒸发浓缩,同时缓慢搅拌药汁,防止焦化,至药汁呈稠膏状;
6)将蜂蜜加入稠膏状药汁中,搅拌至药汁完全烊化,再经60目药筛滤过,倒入砂锅中加热搅拌至药汁滴下呈线或柱,将茯苓研磨粉碎加入其中,搅拌成膏滋;
7)将膏滋乘热倒入专用容器中,缓冷至室温即得。
作为本发明进一步的方案:所述枇杷膏的制备方法步骤4)中煎煮时先用大火将药汁煮沸,再用小火煎煮,保持微沸,煎煮时应及时搅拌,并去除浮于表面的泡沫。
本发明的枇杷膏采用纯天然中药成分,无添加剂,安全无副作用,原料廉价易得,生产成本低。使用的枇杷叶经过湿蒸晒干后,使得其中的有效成分在之后的煎煮过程更易析出,蒸晒后的枇杷叶经过白酒浸泡,有助于消除疲劳、增进食欲;此外,茯苓和蜂蜜在煎煮之后加入,能避免其有效成分遭到破坏。该种枇杷膏药效好,见效快,具有清热降火、润喉去燥,理气平喘、止咳化痰的功效。该种枇杷膏制备方法工艺简单,易于实现批量生产。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
本发明实施例中,一种枇杷膏,由以下按照重量份数的原料组成:枇杷叶85份,金银花4份,川贝7份,芦荟2份,罗汉果3份,枸杞2份,蛇胆3份,甘草5份,山姜2份,茯苓2份,龙脑3份和蜂蜜10份。
一种枇杷膏的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)按照原料组成及其重量份数配比进行配料;
2)将枇杷叶放入高压锅内加热隔水湿蒸,湿蒸时间为10min,蒸好后,将其取出晒干,得到枇杷叶A;
3)将枇杷叶A浸入白酒中,使用水浴法在45℃保温6h,取出风干得到枇杷叶B;
4)将金银花、川贝、芦荟、罗汉果、枸杞、蛇胆、甘草、山姜、龙脑放入砂锅中,加入冷水浸泡2h后,加入枇杷叶B,加热煎煮2h,取出药汁,再加冷水,煎煮2h,合并两次药汁,研磨药渣取压出的药液加入药汁,静置6h,过滤,取药汁;
5)将过滤后的药汁放入砂锅中,小火蒸发浓缩,同时缓慢搅拌药汁,防止焦化,至药汁呈稠膏状;
6)将蜂蜜加入稠膏状药汁中,搅拌至药汁完全烊化,再经60目药筛滤过,倒入砂锅中加热搅拌至药汁滴下呈线或柱,将茯苓研磨粉碎加入其中,搅拌成膏滋;
7)将膏滋乘热倒入专用容器中,缓冷至室温即得。
枇杷膏的制备方法步骤4)中煎煮时先用大火将药汁煮沸,再用小火煎煮,保持微沸,煎煮时应及时搅拌,并去除浮于表面的泡沫。
对比例1
和实施例1的配方不同之处在于,对比例1中的枇杷叶经过湿蒸晒干处理,其余原料、步骤完全相同。
对比例2
和实施例1的配方不同之处在于,对比例2中的枇杷叶经过白酒浸泡处理,其余原料、步骤完全相同。
对比例3
和实施例1的配方不同之处在于,对比例3中的枇杷叶直接入药,其余原料、步骤完全相同。
按照实施例1和对比例1~3组的配方和制备方法制备枇杷膏待用。
药理毒理实验如下:
取实施例1和对比例1~3的枇杷膏,长期毒性实验采用临床量10倍、60倍的给药量喂饲大鼠4周后,用药组与对照组的状况良好、体重增加、血象、心电图、肝肾功能检查及病检肉眼观察脏器无异常改变,镜检亦为发现异常,停药两周后检查亦为异常。另外,枇杷膏以临床每日量的31.5倍和126倍给大鼠灌胃二周,对动物的一般行为活动、食量、体重、血象、肝肾功能、主要脏器系数及组织形态学均无明显影响,结果表明枇杷膏基本无毒,安全范围大,长期使用安全。
临床疗效实验如下:
将400名患有咳嗽、支气管炎的患者分为4组,每组100人,分别服用实施例1和对比例1~3组的枇杷膏。服用方法为:口服,一次15g,一日3次,5日为一疗程。治疗期间停用其他同类药物和抗菌药。一个疗程后患者康复情况如表1所示。
表1 一个疗程患者康复情况
继续服用一个疗程,患者康复情况如表2所示。
表2 两个疗程患者康复情况
由表中数据可以看出实施例1和对比例1~3的枇杷膏对咳嗽和支气管炎均有疗效,实施例1组的枇杷膏有效率最高,疗效最好,说明枇杷叶在经过湿蒸晒干并使用白酒浸泡后能有效提高枇杷膏对咳嗽、支气管炎的疗效。
实施例2
本发明实施例中,一种枇杷膏,由以下按照重量份数的原料组成:枇杷叶90份,金银花7份,川贝10份,芦荟4份,罗汉果5份,枸杞3份,蛇胆4份,甘草6份,山姜3份,茯苓3份,龙脑4份和蜂蜜12份。
一种枇杷膏的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)按照原料组成及其重量份数配比进行配料;
2)将枇杷叶放入高压锅内加热隔水湿蒸,湿蒸时间为10min,蒸好后,将其取出晒干,得到枇杷叶A;
3)将枇杷叶A浸入白酒中,使用水浴法在45℃保温6h,取出风干得到枇杷叶B;
4)将金银花、川贝、芦荟、罗汉果、枸杞、蛇胆、甘草、山姜、龙脑放入砂锅中,加入冷水浸泡2h后,加入枇杷叶B,加热煎煮2h,取出药汁,再加冷水,煎煮2h,合并两次药汁,研磨药渣取压出的药液加入药汁,静置6h,过滤,取药汁;
5)将过滤后的药汁放入砂锅中,小火蒸发浓缩,同时缓慢搅拌药汁,防止焦化,至药汁呈稠膏状;
6)将蜂蜜加入稠膏状药汁中,搅拌至药汁完全烊化,再经60目药筛滤过,倒入砂锅中加热搅拌至药汁滴下呈线或柱,将茯苓研磨粉碎加入其中,搅拌成膏滋;
7)将膏滋乘热倒入专用容器中,缓冷至室温即得。
枇杷膏的制备方法步骤4)中煎煮时先用大火将药汁煮沸,再用小火煎煮,保持微沸,煎煮时应及时搅拌,并去除浮于表面的泡沫。
实施例3
本发明实施例中,一种枇杷膏,由以下按照重量份数的原料组成:枇杷叶75份,金银花2份,川贝5份,芦荟1份,罗汉果1份,枸杞1份,蛇胆2份,甘草2份,山姜1份,茯苓1份,龙脑2份和蜂蜜4份。
一种枇杷膏的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
1)按照原料组成及其重量份数配比进行配料;
2)将枇杷叶放入高压锅内加热隔水湿蒸,湿蒸时间为10min,蒸好后,将其取出晒干,得到枇杷叶A;
3)将枇杷叶A浸入白酒中,使用水浴法在45℃保温6h,取出风干得到枇杷叶B;
4)将金银花、川贝、芦荟、罗汉果、枸杞、蛇胆、甘草、山姜、龙脑放入砂锅中,加入冷水浸泡2h后,加入枇杷叶B,加热煎煮2h,取出药汁,再加冷水,煎煮2h,合并两次药汁,研磨药渣取压出的药液加入药汁,静置6h,过滤,取药汁;
5)将过滤后的药汁放入砂锅中,小火蒸发浓缩,同时缓慢搅拌药汁,防止焦化,至药汁呈稠膏状;
6)将蜂蜜加入稠膏状药汁中,搅拌至药汁完全烊化,再经60目药筛滤过,倒入砂锅中加热搅拌至药汁滴下呈线或柱,将茯苓研磨粉碎加入其中,搅拌成膏滋;
7)将膏滋乘热倒入专用容器中,缓冷至室温即得。
枇杷膏的制备方法步骤4)中煎煮时先用大火将药汁煮沸,再用小火煎煮,保持微沸,煎煮时应及时搅拌,并去除浮于表面的泡沫。
对于本领域技术人员而言,显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节,而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下,能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。因此,无论从哪一点来看,均应将实施例看作是示范性的,而且是非限制性的,本发明的范围由所附权利要求而不是上述说明限定,因此旨在将落在权利要求的等同要件的含义和范围内的所有变化囊括在本发明内。
此外,应当理解,虽然本说明书按照实施方式加以描述,但并非每个实施方式仅包含一个独立的技术方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体,各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。
Claims (4)
1.一种枇杷膏,其特征在于,由以下按照重量份数的原料组成:枇杷叶75~90份,金银花2~7份,川贝5~10份,芦荟1~4份,罗汉果1~5份,枸杞1~3份,蛇胆2~4份,甘草2~6份,山姜1~3份,茯苓1~3份,龙脑2~4份和蜂蜜4~12份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的枇杷膏,其特征在于,由以下按照重量份数的原料组成:枇杷叶85份,金银花4份,川贝7份,芦荟2份,罗汉果3份,枸杞2份,蛇胆3份,甘草5份,山姜2份,茯苓2份,龙脑3份和蜂蜜10份。
3.一种如权利要求1-2任一所述的枇杷膏的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
1)按照原料组成及其重量份数配比进行配料;
2)将枇杷叶放入高压锅内加热隔水湿蒸,湿蒸时间为5~15min,蒸好后,将其取出晒干,得到枇杷叶A;
3)将枇杷叶A浸入白酒中,使用水浴法在45℃保温4~8h,取出风干得到枇杷叶B;
4)将金银花、川贝、芦荟、罗汉果、枸杞、蛇胆、甘草、山姜、龙脑放入砂锅中,加入冷水浸泡2h后,加入枇杷叶B,加热煎煮2h,取出药汁,再加冷水,煎煮2h,合并两次药汁,研磨药渣取压出的药液加入药汁,静置6h,过滤,取药汁;
5)将过滤后的药汁放入砂锅中,小火蒸发浓缩,同时缓慢搅拌药汁,防止焦化,至药汁呈稠膏状;
6)将蜂蜜加入稠膏状药汁中,搅拌至药汁完全烊化,再经60目药筛滤过,倒入砂锅中加热搅拌至药汁滴下呈线或柱,将茯苓研磨粉碎加入其中,搅拌成膏滋;
7)将膏滋乘热倒入专用容器中,缓冷至室温即得。
4.根据权利要求3所述枇杷膏的制备方法,其特征在于:步骤4)中煎煮时先用大火将药汁煮沸,再用小火煎煮,保持微沸,煎煮时应及时搅拌,并去除浮于表面的泡沫。
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