CN1072873A - 打入硬材料中的耐腐蚀钉子 - Google Patents
打入硬材料中的耐腐蚀钉子 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1072873A CN1072873A CN92113543A CN92113543A CN1072873A CN 1072873 A CN1072873 A CN 1072873A CN 92113543 A CN92113543 A CN 92113543A CN 92113543 A CN92113543 A CN 92113543A CN 1072873 A CN1072873 A CN 1072873A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 239000003721 gunpowder Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001199 N alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 Yan Shui Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009747 press moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B19/00—Bolts without screw-thread; Pins, including deformable elements; Rivets
- F16B19/14—Bolts or the like for shooting into concrete constructions, metal walls or the like by means of detonation-operated nailing tools
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B2/00—Friction-grip releasable fastenings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S411/00—Expanded, threaded, driven, headed, tool-deformed, or locked-threaded fastener
- Y10S411/923—Nail, spike or tack having specific head structure
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
- Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
- Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
- Ropes Or Cables (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Seeds, Soups, And Other Foods (AREA)
- Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
- Golf Clubs (AREA)
- Gas Or Oil Filled Cable Accessories (AREA)
- Iron Core Of Rotating Electric Machines (AREA)
- Bolts, Nuts, And Washers (AREA)
Abstract
利用火药力驱动的安置机将钉子打入硬材料,如
水泥,岩石,金属和类似物中。为了获得这种应用中
所要求的很高的机械强度,由钉头(2)和钉身(1)构成
的钉子是两部分组成,钉头(2)由可变形的耐腐蚀钢
制成,钉身(1)由机械强度极高的含氮合金奥氏体钢
制成,这种钢只能在一定的范围内进行变形加工,即
加工成凸缘(1a)形状。钉子在打入过程中由钉身(1)
上的一个圆形件(3)导向。
Description
本发明涉及一种打入硬材料如水泥、岩水、金属和类似物中的休子,它包括一个钉身和由休身轴向穿过的,其直径大于钉身直径的钉头,钉身材料比钉头材料要硬些。
此处所述种类的钉子由火药力驱动的安置机打入硬材料如水泥,岩石,金属和类似物中。钉子一方面用于固定硬材料上的部件,另一方面可作为连接件直接打入硬材料中,在用来固定部件的情况下,钉子最多有一个凸状的钉头。当作为连接件时,钉子阿有一个螺纹或其它连接手段,如横孔。在这些情况即尤其在有螺纹的情况下,也指螺栓。
由于在打入过程中钉子承受负荷;因此要求钉子具有很高的机械强度,从应用上考虑还要求钉子有很高的耐腐蚀性。这两个要求在目前所用的材料中无法统一起来。必须找到一个折中的办法,即为了有利于耐腐蚀性而采用奥氏体钢,从制造方面来看其机械强度较低而有利于变形加工。反之,从应用来看,机械强度太低则是缺陷。
已知的含氮合金奥氏体钢(具有高的机械强度和高的耐腐蚀性)不能直接应用,因它们只能在极小的限度内进行变形加工。
从制造方面来看,昂贵的钉头模的制造不适合用于上述钢材料,这种钉头模例如由us-ps2353315公开。根据us-ps2353315,采用了一种容易变形的,软的材料用于这种昂贵的钉头模,这种材料与机械强度也不很高的钉身形成固定形状的连接。该文献所公开的钉子的钉身所用材料只要有极小的机械强度就足够了,因为它们不是利用火药力驱动的安置机打入硬材料中的那种钉子,出于经济让的考虑,这种钉子不适合与火药力驱动的安置机一起用,因为用于由火药力驱动的安置机的钉子大多数情况是大批量应用,从而us-ps2353315所公开的花费高的制造方法是不合适的。
本发明的任务是,提供一种制造成本低的由钉身和钉头构成的钉子,它能完全满足耐腐蚀性和机械强度方面的要求,并可按照能常的冷变形加工方法制造。
;本发明是这样解决上述任务的,即由硬度比钉头硬的材料构成的钉身是由含氮合金奥氏体钢构成的。
众所周知,含氮合金奥氏体钢不仅具有高的耐腐蚀性,而且具有高的机械强度。由于采用两部分的结构形式,即钉头和钉身分开,本发明的钉子可以通过冷压成形工艺来制造。钉头由本身公知的耐腐蚀钢,最好是奥氏体不锈钢构成,它由目前公知的方法冷压加工而成。由奥氏体含氮合金钢构成的钉身上可以通过冷压成型工艺或半热压成型工艺至少加工出一个小诉凸缘(卷边),从而可在钉身和钉头之间形成一个能满足涂层值的固定开关好的连接。
为了有种于由火药力驱动的安置机的安置过程,钉身最好有一个可移动地设置的圆形件,其外径与钉头外径相一致。这样确定圆形件和钉头的外径可以在由火主力驱动的安置机内实现两点导向,从而便于安置过程的进行和钉子按要求地打入。
;当钉子的钉头不仅用着等固定部件的止挡件,而且用着也连接时,钉头上最好设置螺纹,该螺比方最好设置在钉头外表面上,这样在钉头上可以旋上一个螺母,一个螺纹套或类似件。除了在外表面设置螺比方外也可考虑在钉头上设置一个内螺纹。
本发明的钉子的钉身所用的奥氏体含氮合金钢最好具有以下成份含量:
Mn 2-22%
Mo 1-3%
N 0.2-1.2%
Cr 15-26%
Ni 0-17%
这些合金含量影响钢的特性,使其具有所要求的机械强度和耐腐蚀性的特性,并且可以进行变形加工(即使在极小的程度上)。
下面对照附图详细说明本发明,附图中示出了一些实施例,其中,
图1是一个钉子的视图,其钉子膈部有一个钉头,
图2是一个钉子的视图,其钉身上前部装有一个可移动的钉头,
图3是一个钉子的视图,其钉身后部装有一个表面带螺纹的钉头,
图1所示的钉子有一个钉身1,钉身的后部设置一个钉头2,前部设置一个圆形件3。如图所示,钉身1的后部有一个成型凸缘1a,它用于和钉头2形成固定开关的连接。这种凸缘1a涉及在采用本发明的氮合金奥氏体钢正好还能进行加工的一种变形加工。由于所采用的钢具有很高的机械强度,凸缘1a在与钉头2的共同作用下完全能够保证按要求规定的涂层值。
装在钉身1前端的圆形件3出于经济上的考虑最好塑料制厉,因为它仅仅起着钉子打入时的导向作用。钉子打入后圆形件3就没有作用了,从而对于采用塑料来说,选择材料是这样来考虑的,即它可通过烃形而被挤掉。
图2中所示钉子的钉身4的后部装有一个圆形件5,前部装有一个钉头6。如前所述,圆形件5在钉子打入过程中只起导向作用,当采用塑料时该圆形件在打入过程中将自动地从钉身4上除去。
钉身4上有一个最好通过冷变形加工而成的凸缘4a,它和钉头6共同作用角保持具有一定的涂层值。在本实施例中设置在钉身4前端的钉头6在钉子打入过程中可沿钉身4移动,从而在打入过程结束后它移到钉身4的后端而与凸缘4a接触在一起。只是当钉子打入过程结束后钉头6才达到图1所示的相应位置。
图3所示钉子的钉7的后部有一个钉头8,钉头8的外表面有螺丝8a。凸缘7a用于钉头8和钉身7之间的固定形状的连接。钉身7后部的一个最好由塑料构成的圆形件9用于钉子打入过程中的导向。采用塑料时制成的圆形件9可在钉子打入过程中通过变形挤掉或裂开。
除了采用塑料制作圆形件外,还可以采用一般的金属,这种金属可以是一种极不重要的、极容易变形的材料,因为圆形件只在钉子打入过程中必须实现一个纯碎的导向作用。
钉身材料可考虑如下例子:
P500(Bohler公司)
24%Cr,15%Ni,4%Mn,2%Mo,0.45%N
P900(VSG公司)
18%Cr,18Mn,2%Mo,0.75%N。
上述材料的强度为2000牛顿/毫米2数量级。
Claims (5)
1、打入硬材料如水泥,岩石,金属等类的物中的休子,包括钉身(1,4,7)和一个被休身轴向(1,4,7)穿过,直径大于钉身直径的钉头(2,6,8),钉身(1,4,7)的材料比钉头(2,6,8)的材料要硬,其特征在于,钉身(1,4,7)由一种含氮合金奥氏体钢构成。
2、按权利要求1的钉子,其特征在于,钉身(1,4,7)上装有一个可移动的圆形件(3,5,9)。其外径与钉头(2,6,8)的外径相一致。
3、按权利要求1或2的休子,其特征在于钉头(8)上有一螺纹(8a)。
4、按权利要求3的钉子,其特征在于,螺纹(8a)设置大钉子(8)的外表面上。
5、一种含氮合金奥氏体钢,用于按权利要求1-4之一所述的钉身(1,4,7),其成份含量如下:
Mn 2-22%
Mo 1-3%
N 0.2-1.2%
Cr 15-26%
Ni 0-17%
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DEP4139653.7 | 1991-12-02 | ||
DE4139653A DE4139653A1 (de) | 1991-12-02 | 1991-12-02 | Korrosionsbestaendiger nagel zum eintreiben in harte werkstoffe |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN1072873A true CN1072873A (zh) | 1993-06-09 |
CN1027916C CN1027916C (zh) | 1995-03-15 |
Family
ID=6446059
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN92113543A Expired - Lifetime CN1027916C (zh) | 1991-12-02 | 1992-12-01 | 打入硬材料中的耐腐蚀钉子 |
Country Status (22)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5286153A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0545852B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP3649747B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100281294B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1027916C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE118602T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU658022B2 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2083809C (zh) |
CZ (1) | CZ280457B6 (zh) |
DE (2) | DE4139653A1 (zh) |
DK (1) | DK0545852T3 (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2068698T3 (zh) |
FI (1) | FI100420B (zh) |
GR (1) | GR3015063T3 (zh) |
HU (2) | HU9203793D0 (zh) |
IE (1) | IE73264B1 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX9206168A (zh) |
NO (1) | NO179225C (zh) |
PL (1) | PL170721B1 (zh) |
SK (1) | SK278511B6 (zh) |
TW (1) | TW268080B (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA928452B (zh) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101382163B (zh) * | 2007-09-05 | 2012-09-26 | 喜利得股份公司 | 紧固件 |
CN111716296A (zh) * | 2019-03-18 | 2020-09-29 | 石常磊 | 一种射钉及射钉紧固件 |
Families Citing this family (16)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19542949A1 (de) * | 1995-11-17 | 1997-07-17 | Hilti Ag | Bolzen zum Eintreiben in harte Aufnahmewerkstoffe |
DE29706372U1 (de) * | 1997-04-10 | 1997-10-30 | Biller, Rudi, 42119 Wuppertal | Harte Edelstahlbohrschraube |
US6171042B1 (en) | 1997-12-19 | 2001-01-09 | Illinois Tool Works Inc. | Hardened steel pin, pin and washer fastener, washer for fastener, and pin-making method |
DE10082481D2 (de) | 1999-08-19 | 2002-04-11 | Heinrich Friederich | Halbzeuge und Fertigprodukte aus austenitischem Edelstahl und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
US6338600B2 (en) | 1999-11-15 | 2002-01-15 | Ejot Verbindungstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Self-tapping, corrosion-resistant screw with hardened tip |
LU90537B1 (de) * | 2000-03-02 | 2001-09-04 | Trefil Arbed Bissen S A | Nagel |
DE10205031B4 (de) | 2002-02-07 | 2004-01-08 | Hilti Ag | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines, mittels eines Setzgerätes eintreibbaren Befestigungselementes sowie ein Setzgerät hierfür und ein Befestigungselement |
US20040251392A1 (en) * | 2003-06-16 | 2004-12-16 | Franks George J. | Methods and apparatus to mount a clip to a mounting surface |
DE10328197B3 (de) * | 2003-06-24 | 2004-04-08 | Hilti Ag | Befestigungselement |
US20050196250A1 (en) * | 2004-03-02 | 2005-09-08 | Paul Gaudron | Fastener assembly, barrier, and method for assembling of a fastener assembly |
JP4898142B2 (ja) * | 2005-05-25 | 2012-03-14 | 日本パワーファスニング株式会社 | コンクリートへの軟質ワークの固定システム |
DE102006002238C5 (de) * | 2006-01-17 | 2019-02-28 | Böllhoff Verbindungstechnik GmbH | Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Nagelverbindung sowie Nagel hierfür |
US20080175689A1 (en) * | 2007-01-22 | 2008-07-24 | Michael Vagedes | Vinyl siding fastener |
JP5265802B1 (ja) * | 2012-10-04 | 2013-08-14 | 株式会社双和 | 取付け具 |
DE102014223687A1 (de) * | 2014-11-20 | 2016-06-09 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Setzbolzen sowie Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Verbindung zwischen zumindest zwei Bauteilen mittels eines Setzbolzens |
CN105234899B (zh) * | 2015-11-12 | 2017-10-17 | 朱建华 | 防水防潮安全型钉弹一体式的塑壳射钉弹 |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2353315A (en) * | 1941-05-10 | 1944-07-11 | W H Maze Company | Lead head nail |
CH312600A (fr) * | 1953-08-04 | 1956-01-31 | Termet Pierre | Pistolet pour la pose de chevilles de scellement, rivets et tiges de raccordement |
FR1290093A (fr) * | 1961-05-30 | 1962-04-06 | Anstalt Fuer Montage Technik | Cheville à tête filetée épaissie par rapport à sa tige |
DE1478868A1 (de) * | 1964-08-26 | 1970-04-16 | Holz Elektro Feinmechanik | Mittels eines Schiesswerkzeuges in einen Bauteil eintreibbarer Bolzen |
NL142224B (nl) * | 1964-11-10 | 1974-05-15 | Wilhelmus Everardus Korte | Werkwijze voor het bevestigen van een voorwerp door middel van een in te schieten steekbout en bevestiging volgens deze werkwijze. |
DE2237528C2 (de) * | 1972-07-31 | 1983-12-08 | Hilti AG, 9494 Schaan | Nagel für pulverkraftbetriebene Setzgeräte |
US4450008A (en) * | 1982-12-14 | 1984-05-22 | Earle M. Jorgensen Co. | Stainless steel |
EP0303634A1 (de) * | 1987-02-18 | 1989-02-22 | SFS Stadler Holding AG | Befestiger sowie verfahren zur herstellung von befestigern |
DE3707424A1 (de) * | 1987-03-07 | 1988-09-15 | Hilti Ag | Befestigungselement mit nagel und huelse |
DE3743049A1 (de) * | 1987-12-18 | 1989-06-29 | Hilti Ag | Nagel mit stauchbarer huelse |
-
1991
- 1991-12-02 DE DE4139653A patent/DE4139653A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1992
- 1992-10-05 AT AT92810746T patent/ATE118602T1/de active
- 1992-10-05 ES ES92810746T patent/ES2068698T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1992-10-20 TW TW081108356A patent/TW268080B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-10-23 SK SK3213-92A patent/SK278511B6/sk unknown
- 1992-10-23 CZ CS923213A patent/CZ280457B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-10-27 MX MX9206168A patent/MX9206168A/es unknown
- 1992-11-02 ZA ZA928452A patent/ZA928452B/xx unknown
- 1992-11-16 AU AU28425/92A patent/AU658022B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1992-11-23 US US07/980,007 patent/US5286153A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-11-25 CA CA002083809A patent/CA2083809C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-11-26 FI FI925366A patent/FI100420B/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-11-27 PL PL92296776A patent/PL170721B1/pl unknown
- 1992-12-01 HU HU9203793A patent/HU9203793D0/hu unknown
- 1992-12-01 HU HU9203793A patent/HU214810B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-12-01 IE IE922857A patent/IE73264B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-12-01 NO NO924628A patent/NO179225C/no unknown
- 1992-12-01 KR KR1019920022952A patent/KR100281294B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1992-12-01 CN CN92113543A patent/CN1027916C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1992-12-02 JP JP32319692A patent/JP3649747B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
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1995
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Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101382163B (zh) * | 2007-09-05 | 2012-09-26 | 喜利得股份公司 | 紧固件 |
CN111716296A (zh) * | 2019-03-18 | 2020-09-29 | 石常磊 | 一种射钉及射钉紧固件 |
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